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510

1921194920

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Talmud

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CONTENTS

001

002

1.1

002

1.2

005

1.3

016

1.4

020

026

029
030

2.1

Prisoner's Dilemma

030

2.2

033

2.3

Pure Strategy Nash Equilibrium

035

2.4

037

2.5

040

2.6

043

2.7

045

2.8

Chicken Game

047

2.9

Tacit Coordination

048

2.10

050

2.11

054

2.12

056

057

7 5

061

3.1

061

3.2

12

064

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3.3

shooting game

072

3.4

Colonel Blotto Game

077

3.5

080

3.6

084

3.7

087

3.8

090

3.9

097

3.10
Mixed Strategy Nash Equilibrium

100

104

109

110

4.1

110

4.2

122

4.3

126

4.4

130

133

137

5.1

138

5.2

141

5.3

143

5.4

First mover advantages

5.5
5.6

148

Second mover advantages

150

(centipede game)

152

154

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159

163

6.1

163

6.2

166

6.3

169

6.4

176

6.5

181

6.6

187

6.7

194

6.8

201

219

220

7.1

221

7.2

Talmud

223

7.3

233

7.4

239

7.5

245

251

253

254

8.1

254

8.2

270

8.3

277

8.4

284

214

301

303

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1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

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Payoff

1.1

911

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Rationality

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30

30

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1.2

Common
Knowledge
1.2.1

Robert J.Aumann2005

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1.1

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ABCAABC
AABC
A

?
A

BBAABC
ABCBC
BB
ACBBAC

B ?
A
C
7

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CCBBAC
BBAC
CABCABC

B
A

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Nash Equilibrium
1.2.2

1100

200
ABC
2556025+5+60

3=3030

2/320A2520A
25A200

100
1002

366.66

66662

344

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44662

329.33

29292

319.33

20202

313.33

13132

38.66

882

35.33

60

11.711.7200

13.4
13.411.7
5

10

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200

1.2.3

MD
M
D210

2325286367101105
121122128

11

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101

10 0203 0205 0208 0603 0607 1001

1005 1201 1202 1208

210
6120702
0203 0205 0208 1001 1005

02051005 050203 0208

1001

0203020822
1001101
1.2
12

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02
03

02
05

02
08

06
03

06
07

10
01

10
05

12
01

12
02

12
08

02
03

02
05

02
08

06
03

06
07

10
01

10
05

12
01

12
02

12
08

02
08

06
03

06
07

10
01

10
05

12
01

12
02

12
08

02
03

02
05

1.2

1.2.4

29

13

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2+2=4, 2+3=5, 2+4=6, 2+5=7, 2+6=8, 2+7=9, 2+8=10, 2+9=11,

3+3=6, 3+4=7, 3+5=8, 3+6=9, 3+7=10, 3+8=11, 3+9=12,
4+4=8, 4+5=9, 4+6=10, 4+7=11, 4+8=12, 4+9=13,
5+5=10, 5+6=11, 5+7=12, 5+8=13, 5+9=14,
6+6=12, 6+7=13, 6+8=14, 6+9=15,
7+7=14, 7+8=15, 7+9=16,
8+8=16,8+9=17,
9+9=18

2+4=6, 2+5=7, 2+6=8, 2+7=9, 2+8=10, 2+9=11,

3+3=6, 3+4=7, 3+5=8, 3+6=9, 3+7=10, 3+8=11, 3+9=12,
4+4=8, 4+5=9, 4+6=10, 4+7=11, 4+8=12, 4+9=13,
5+5=10, 5+6=11, 5+7=12, 5+8=13, 5+9=14,
6+6=12, 6+7=13, 6+8=14, 6+9=15,
7+7=14, 7+8=15, 7+9=16,
8+8=16
14

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24=8, 25=10, 26=12, 27=14, 28=16, 29=18,

33=9, 34=12, 35=15, 36=18, 37=21, 38=24,
39=27,
44=16, 45=20, 46=24, 47=28, 48=32, 49=36,
55=25, 56=30, 57=35, 58=40, 59=45,
66=36, 67=42, 68=48, 69=54,
77=49, 78=56, 79=63,
88=64

26=12, 28=16, 29=18, 34=12, 36=18, 38=24,

44=16, 46=24, 49=36, 66=36

2+6=8, 2+8=10, 2+9=11, 3+4=7, 3+6=9, 3+8=11, 4+4=8, 4+6=10,

4+9=13, 6+6=12

3+4=7, 3+6=9, 4+9=13, 6+6=12

15

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34=12, 36=18, 49=36, 66=36

34=12, 36=18
3436
1.3

20

50
Von Neumman1903
IBM

16

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John von NeumannOskar

Morgenstern1947Theory

of Games and Economic Behavior

finite game

197090

MatrixTree

Tamer Basar and Geert Jan Olsder

Mathematical ProgramingOptimal Control
Theory1.1

17

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Bayes' theorem

1.1

theory
model

1.3
1.3.1
1.3.1.1 Model

1.3.1.2 Reasoning

18

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1.3.1.3 Proposition

1.3.1.4 Theorem

1.3.1.5 Outcomes

Model
Reasoning

Theorem

Outcomes
Proposition

1.3

19

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model

1.3.2

1model

2Equilibrium Analysis

3Comparative Statics

4Dynamics Statics

Interactive

20

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1.4

(Interaction)

Thomas C.Schelling

payoff function

Game5
playersstrategies
interactions
payoff
1.N {Player 1, Player 2, Player n } i 1, 2, , n
2.S strategyS 1 S 2Sn i 1, 2, , n
3.strategy profiles s 1, , s n ,
21

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4.payoffsi s 1, s 2, s n for all

s 1 S 1, s2 S 2, s n Sn
5.
Strategic Form
Extensive FormNormal
Form GameG N ,S i , i

Simultaneous
Movesn 2 1, 2
i 1, 2112
21.2

1.2

2
'

a
b

1 , 2

+11
1S
1.3
22

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1.3

0, 0

1, 1

1, 1

1, 1

0,0

1, 1

1, 1

1, 1

0,0

zerosum gamenonzerosum game

constantsum game
1.4

1.4

4, 0

2, 2

2, 2

0, 4

23

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Game Tree
Extensive Form1.4

(4, 3)

(5, 6)

(10, 3)

(14, 8)

1.4

1.5

1.5

NE

BNE

SPNE

PBNE

simultaneous moves

24

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 003

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320

/ . .
: , 2012.11

ISBN 978-986-6098-66-6()
1.
319.2

101015015

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