Professional Documents
Culture Documents
12
24
-2-
-3-
AISC-ASD[1]AISC-LRFD[2]
[3,4][5]
() [6]
( 87.01.01 )
[7][8]
() [9]
-4-
() [10]
() -[5]
CNS-4751
[12]
-5-
ACI 347R-88
() -[17]
(Canadian Standards
-6-
() British Standards Institution (BS 5975: 1982) -Code of Practice for Falsework[19]
() timber and tube
scaffold
() British Standards Institution (BS1139: Part 12.: 1982) - Metal Scaffolding, Part
1.Part 2. Specification for Tubes for Use in Scaffolding[20,21]
BS1139 : Part 1:
BS1139 : PART 2:
() Japan Society Of Civic Engineers (JSCE) Standard Specification for Design and
Construction of Concrete Structures - Part 2[22]
(formwork)(shoring)
-7-
(a)
3.5m(b) 3.5m3.5m
(c) 3.5m
()
[23-26]
[27]
2
5
[28]
3.1
-8-
3.2
1.8
2
()
3.3
3.4
3.5
#3 3.6
3.7
()
3.1
3.8 3.9
3.2
3.10
-9-
U 3.3
U
3.11
()
3.4
3.4
3.5m~7m
(1)
(Advancing Shoring Method) (Incremental
Launching Method)[29-32]
3.12 (2)
3.12
-10-
(1) 3.13
(2) 3.14
(3) (a) 3.15 (b)
3.16 (c)
3.17
(d)
3.18
(e)
3.19 (f)
-11-
()
[33-37]
()
-12-
50 2 48
1.
(System Buckling)
2.
[38-50]
[19]
-13-
(Buckling)
(Critical Load)
3.
[51]
[52-58]
-14-
4.
(Fresh
Concrete)
[59-63]
(Uniform Load)
5.
SAP2000ETABSSTAAD
[64]
(Critical Load)
(Perfect System)(Eigenvalue or
Bifurcation Approach)
(Imperfect System)
-(Load-Deflection Approach)
[64]
[33-50]
-15-
6.
SAP2000ETABS
STAAD
NASTRANABAQUS
()
(Leaning Column Effect)
LeMessurier [65]
K 4.1
4.1 (A)(A) AB K 2
(Leaning Column) AB K
2.695[64] 4.1 (B)
LeMessurier K [65]
K=
Pe P
PI PeK
(1)
-16-
Pe Euler
PI K
P
PeK Euler
1.
4.1
(Hinge)[66]
4.5 16
2.
4.2 4.2
4.2 ABDE BCEF
BE
EI
4.2(a)
(Lower Bound) AB
KAB 2 ~
4.2(b)
AB BC DE EF
4.2(b) AB
K 2.7
4.2(c)
4.2(c) AB K 3.7
-17-
(a)
KAB=2.0
Pcr =
(b)
KAB=2.7
Pcr =
(c)
KAB=3.7
Pcr =
2 EI
( Kl ) 2
2 EI
( Kl )
2 EI
( Kl )
Pe
2 EI
Pe =
4
(l ) 2
(2)
Pe
P
= e
2
2.7
7.29
(3)
Pe
P
= e
2
3.7 13.69
(4)
4.2(b) 4.2(a) AB AB
4.2(c) 4.2(a)
0.55=(Pe/7.29)/(Pe/4)
AB
0.29=(Pe/13.69)/(Pe/4)
[67]
4.3 Case ACase BCase C Case D
Case A Case B
Case C Case B
Case D
4.3
4.4 Pcrt (Total Critical Load)
(No. of Bay)
Case A
Case D
Case A Case BCD
Case A
Case BCD
[67]
[67]
-18-
3.
3.1
3.1 4.6(A)
[45]
4.6(B)
ab
4.6(C) 4.6(C) 4.6(D)
[47]
4.6(D)
4.7
[47]
3 3 EI
2
Pcr =
1 + 6 h
5
(6)
Pcr
h( 170 cm)
(=0.5 85 cm)
E(Young's modulus)
I(moment of inertia)
4.8
4.8(a) 4.8(b)
AB
AB 2.69
-19-
4.9(a) Pcr 4.9(b)
[47]
(85 cm)
1.
-20-
2.
5.5cm5.5cm 12 (3.64m)
[69]
4.10
3.6
4.11
[70,71] 4.11
4.10
4.11
[71]
4.5 4.5
4.11
4.12
4.12
3.
-21-
[34] 87
-22-
2000 500
1500
[34]
-23-
()
1.
C280
[ 5.1]
2.
5.1
5.1
110
-24-
3.
(1)
[71]
5.2
5.3
(2)
[71]
(3)
[71]
4.
(1)
(2) 16
-25-
(3)
(4)
(5) 1m
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
()
1.
11 [ 5.2]
2.
80 24 5.4
60 28
32
-26-
7.8
4 3.4
5.4
3.
(1)
5.5
5.4
3.4 m[27]
4.12
(2)
5.4
-27-
4.
(1)
3.4
(2) 16
12 14
(3)
(4) 7.8m 24cm
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
-28-
(5)
()
1.
[ 5.3]
2.
5.4
10m 5.5 5.4
5.3
5.6
5.4
5.7
3.
(1)
-29-
[37]
(2)
5.3
5.4 5.3
5.7
4.
(1)
(2)
(3)
-30-
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
-31-
[1] AISC, Specification for the Design, Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel
for Buildings, Allowable Stress Design, American Institute of Steel Construction,
Chicago, Ill., 1989.
[2] AISC, Specification for the Design, Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel
for Buildings, Load and Resistance Factor Design, American Institute of Steel
Construction, Chicago, Ill., 2001.
[3] ()
[4] ()
[5] 2001
[6] 1993
[7] ()2002
[8] ()2002
[9] 2002
[10] 1998
[11] CNS 4750 A2067
[12] CNS 4751 A3079
[13] UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, Occupational Safety and Health
Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Standard (Part 1910 & 1926),
United States Department of Labor, Washington, D.C., 1974.
[14] AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE, American National
Standard for Construction and Demolition Operations: Scaffolding-Safety
Requirements (ANSI A10.81988), American National Standards Institute,
New York, 1988.
[15] AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE, "American National
Standard for Construction and Demolition Operations: Concrete and Masonry
Work-Safety Require-ments (ANSI 10.91983)," American National Standards
Institute, New York, 1983.
-32-
[16] ACI COMMITTEE 347, "Guide to Formwork for Concrete (ACI 347R-88)," ACI
Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 2, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, 1990.
[17]
02-02-011993
[18] Canadian Standards Association - S269.1, Falsework for Construction Purposes,
1975.
[19] BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, "Code of Practice for Falsework (BS
5975: 1982)," British Standard Institution, London, 1982.
[20] BRITISH
STANDARDS
INSTITUTION,
"Metal
Scaffolding,
Part
1.
Specification for Tubes for Use in Scaffolding (BS1139: Part 1: 1982)," British
Standards Institution, London, 1982.
[21] BRITISH
STANDARDS
INSTITUTION,
"Metal
Scaffolding,
Part
2.
Specification for Coupler and Fittings for Use in Tubular Scaffolding (BS 1139:
Part 2: 1982)," British Standards Institution, London, 1982.
[22] JAPAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, "Standard Specification for Design
and Construction of Concrete Structures-Part 2 (Construction)," Japan Society of
Civil Engineers, Tokyo, 1986.
[23] -1990~1991507pp.1991
[24] -1993266pp.1993
[25] -1994334pp.1994
[26] -1995298pp.1995
[27] Rosowsky,
D.V.Pan, A.D.
1994
[28] Peng, J.L., Stability Analyses and Design Recommendations for Practical
Shoring Systems during Construction, ASCE Construction Engineering and
Management Journal, Vol. 128, No. 6, pp.536-544., 2002.
[29] ()1997
94pp.
[30] ()1996
-33-
[31] ()1998
98pp.
[32] ()1997
[33] 2000
245pp.
[34] 1999
-IOSH88-S124
165pp.
[35] 1998IOSH87-S121273pp.
[36] 1995
77pp.
[37] 1995
IOSH84-S12195pp.
[38] 1995
93-104
[39] 1997
1-13
[40] 1999
55-65
[41] 1997
655-663
[42] Huang, Y.L., 1995; "Gravity Load and Resistance Factor Design Guidelines for
High Clearance Scaffold Systems," Ph.D. Dissertation, Purdue University, West
Lafayette, IN., 217pp.
-34-
[43] Huang, Y.L., Chen, H.J., Rosowsky, D.V. and Kao, Y.G. 2000; "Load-Carrying
Capacities and Failure Modes of Scaffold-Shoring Systems, Part I: Modeling and
Experiments," Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 10(1):53-66.
[44] Huang, Y.L., Kao, Y.G. and Rosowsky, D.V. 2000; "Load-Carrying Capacities and
Failure Modes of Scaffold-Shoring Systems, Part II: Analytical Model," Structural
Engineering and Mechanics, 10(1):67-80.
[45] Peng, J.L., 1994; "Analysis Models and Design guidelines for High-Clearance
Scaffold Systems," Ph.D. Dissertation, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.,
330pp.
[46] Peng, J.L., Pan, A.D.E., and Chen, W.F., 2001; An Approximate Analysis Method
for Modular Tubular Falsework, ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol.
127, No. 3, pp.256-263.
[47] Peng, J.L., Pan, A.D.E., and Chan, S.L., 1998; Simplified Models for Analysis
and Design of Modular Falsework, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, Vol.
48, No. 2/3, pp. 189-209.
[48] Peng, J.L., Pan, A.D.E., Chen, W.F., Yen, T., and Chan, S.L., 1997; Structural
Modeling and Analysis of Modular Falsework Systems, ASCE Journal of
Structural Engineering, Vol. 123, No. 9, pp.1245-1251.
[49] Peng, J.L., Pan, A.D., Rosowsky, D.V., Chen, W.F., Yen, T., and Chan, S.L., 1996;
High Clearance Scaffold Systems During Construction I. Structural Modelling
and Modes of Failure, Engineering Structures, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp.247-257.
[50] Peng, J.L., Rosowsky, D.V., Pan, A.D., Chen, W.F., Chan, S.L., and Yen, T., 1996;
High Clearance Scaffold Systems During Construction - II. Structural Analysis
and Development of Design Guidelines, Engineering Structures, Vol. 18, No. 3,
pp.258-267.
[51] 1993-19986 898pp.
[52] 1994
263pp.
[53] 1997
112pp.
-35-
[54] 1987 I
171pp.
[55] 1994
273pp.
[56] 1992 2
155pp.
[57] 1991
()172pp.
[58] 1991
()172pp.
[59] 1998
Vol. 3pp.
2031-2040
[60] 2000
Vol. 2
pp.1087-1094
[61] Peng, J.L., Rosowsky, D.V., Pan, A.D., Chen, W.F., and Yen, T., 1996; Analysis
of Concrete Placement Load Effects Using Influence Surfaces, ACI Structural
Journal, V. 93, No. 2, pp.180-186.
[62] Peng, J.L., Yen, T., Lin, I., Wu, K.L., and Chen, W.F., 1997; Performance of
Scaffold Frame Shoring Under Pattern Loads and Load Paths, ASCE
Construction Engineering and Management Journal, Vol. 123, No. 2, pp.138-145.
[63] Peng, J.L., Rosowsky, D.V., Pan, A.D.E., Chen, W.F., and Chan, S.L., 1998;
Simplified Modeling and Analysis of Pattern Loading Effects on Shoring
Systems During Construction, Advances in Structural Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 3,
pp.203-218.
[64] Chen, W.F. and Lui, E.M., 1988; "Structural Stability: Theory and
Implementation," Elsevier Science Publishing Co. Inc., 490pp.
[65] LeMessurier, W. J. 1977; "A Practical Method of Second Order Analysis, Part 2 Rigid Frames." AISC Engineering Journal, 14(2), April, pp. 49-67.
-36-
[66] Peng, J.L., 2002, Stability Analyses and Design Recommendations for Practical
Shoring Systems during Construction, ASCE Construction Engineering and
Management Journal, Vol. 128, No. 6, pp.536-544.
[67] 2000
26 pp.97-111
[68] 2001.11
pp.65-76
[69] 2002
pp.252-271
[70] Peng, J.L., Kung, C.H., and Chan, S.L. 2000; "Structural Analyses of Two-Layer
Falsework during Construction," Proceedings: 1st International Conference on
Structural Stability and Dynamics (ICSSD), Taipei, Taiwan, pp.219-224.
[71] 22
pp.87-941998
-37-
3.1
3.2
-38-
3.3 U
()
()
3.4
-39-
(a)
(b)
4.1
4.2
-40-
P/2
P/2
P/2
P/2
P/2
P/2
P/2
C
L
B
Strong column
Leaned column
Case A
Case C
Case B
Case D
4.3
6000
,
,
,
,
,
,
CaseA
: 2D
: 3D
Pcrt (kgf)
4000
: test values
2000
CaseB
CaseC
CaseD
0
0
No. of Bay
4.4
-41-
P/2
4.5 16
4.6
-42-
4.7
(a)
(b)
4.8
-43-
(a)
(b)
4.9
4.10
-44-
4.11
Z
Y
X
4.12
-45-
c
b
a
5.1
600
Load B!
Case A!
Pcrt (kgf)
400
Case B*
Case A*
* Numerical
! LeMessurier
200
0
0
10
20
30
No. of Bays
5.2
-46-
300
Case A*
Case B*
Pcrt (kgf)
200
Case A!
Case B!
*:Numerical
!:LeMessurier
100
0
0
10
20
30
No. of Bays
5.3
5.4
-47-
()
5.5
-48-
3.1
3.2
-49-
3.3
3.4
-50-
3.5
3.6 #3
-51-
3.7
3.8
-52-
3.9
3.10
-53-
3.11
3.12
-54-
3.13
3.14
-55-
3.15
3.16
-56-
3.17
3.18
-57-
3.19
-58-
5.1
5.2
-59-
5.3
5.4 (I)
-60-
5.5 (II)
5.6
-61-
5.7
-62-
1 A1
3(
)
4(or )
9 3.5M 2M
10
11
12(
)
13
-63-
2 A1
4(
)
5(or )
10
(
)
11
U
12
13
-64-