50 60

70 80

WTOWorld Trade Organization

WTO

WTO
WTO WTO

WTO

GATTGeneral Agreement on Tariffs and Trade,

1986

1.

2. 83%

1
2
3
4
5
3. 17% 80%

4.

1.

2.

3.

4.

1.

300

2.

1.

2.


7 14

3.

1.
2.
3.
4.
CNS11318/A1041

(Texture)

1.

WTO
40%19%

150

2.
8% 5% 2.5%

5% 12.5%

3 5 WTO

1000

46%29%

5%

WTO

85 8 9 6 2
526 84 0.5 3.47 81.9

1.

14

2.

20

3.

4 3
5000
1200
4.

1
1
5.

2
6.

20
4-5
2

4000

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.,,
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

40%

1999 1 Stone World 1999

99 75%
40.8% 34%

1.78%
2.29%
3.29%

4.24%
5.24%
6.12%
38.6% 27.6%
13%
1.68%$250,000
2.19.6%$250,000 $500,000
3.8%$500,000 $1,000,000
4.6.7%$1,000,000
76.1% 20 90.8%
50

1.
97 1 1 96 1 8
97 444000 96 1% 18

1/4 17%
97
2.
97 25000 96 24700
18% 13600 96 16500

()(

)
1.
2.
(
)
3.

4.

ADA(Act for Disabled Americans)

ASTM C1028

0.5
0.6

99

93 97

24% 59% 93 1 940 97 1 7363

78% 93 2145 97 3806
( 93~97
115%)

( Giallo
VenecianoVerde RiasaVerde Diplomata )
Giallo Veneciano

1.A JuparanasAsa BrancaAmarelo

2. Black Galaxy
3. Black Absolute
4. Blue PearlLabrador
5. Rosa PorrinoAzul AranGris PerlaAzubel
2cm 3cm 12 12

30

 19

1970 Tashkent 1934

5000~6000

1415
SamarkandShahrisabz
Tamerlane Samarkand

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1934~1995
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Samarkand (BAS) 8
BAS (MIA)1999 10 BAS

BAS
STONEXPO
'99 STONEXPO 2000 FAN 2000BAS

1.
2.

3.
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BAS
Samarkand

2000

1.

()

2. 130,000 37%22%20%
() 1%

 50,000 30,000 20,000

()
3.
60,000
(
)

100%

4.

(Australian Trade Commission)

5.
80 90

1. 1,800

2. 5kg

3,000

( 2000
)

3.1997 7,200

4.

1.

55%
200

2.

50%( 30%)
5%

1998 6 5 (Australian Standards) AS3700-1998

ASTM() BS()
AS

1.

2.

3. 2/3

1.

2000

2.

 2~3

()
()(
)

55%

1.

2.

1.
4000 ()

2.

3.

4.

 95 90 4
10 5
10 8085

1.

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20

500 kg/mm2

3.

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5.

750
(SiO2) 55

1.

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3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

1.

(1)

(2)

(3)

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(2)

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10
10 2m
3.6 m^2/hr
3.

4.

5.

2530

Water Jet

SiO2

G603G623 G439

mechanical dislocation(chemical
recrystallization)

1.(WS)

cm3 mm3
cm3/min mm3/s

2.(WG)

cm3 mm3 cm3/min

mm3/s
(G)

3.

JIS
(Rmax)(Ra)
(RZ)

Ra =

L
h( x) h0 dx
L0

L()
h0 =

L
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4.(B)

1.567
45
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95
90
85

#36 3060 cm
1
1
1

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Ha

(cm3)

(cm3)

(G)

106.31

70.12

77.17

41.96

1.84

99.97

48.54

98.33

33.88

2.90

97.42

41.84

100.13

35.92

2.79

94.70

35.74

124.65

53.12

2.35

355

93.51

33.34

128.93

40.24

3.20

#36 3060 cm
36 kgf/cm2650 rpm45

cm/min 2

160

#24
#60
(cm3)

120

#120

80

40

0
80

90
100
(HS)

110

7 6

----
Techstone AB 4mm
8mm

Pedrines M570 400mm

6.5mm 600mm 8mm

400mm400mm 1200mm400mm
4mm
4mm 10~12kg/m2
1250mm 15mm 200
305400610mm 4mm
B65 M570
M642 M750 M842
15mm B65

 14

13mm 14 5 6

M570 14
350mm 750mm

2.4m/min 20~35m/s

M570
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5mm 4mm 40/50 SDB1100

900mm

M642
4mm
M750 7
M842

Rune Hurting

4mm A

4mm

2.5~3cm
9mm
2/3
10

2000 11 Winwall Technology

PTE. LTD.Winwall Technology PTE. LTD. Rotol
Rotol Singapore LTD. 1984

Winwall
1235mm 1668mm 9mm
6mm Fisher 10mm

Winwall Technology PTE. LTD.

8kPa

10.5kPa

 8kPa
10.5kPa

Winwall Technology PTE. LTD. 1.5M1.2M9mm

(prototype)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1.

()

2.
1
A.""

B.
C.

D.

A.
B.

C.
3

A.

B.

C.

D.

A.
A

B
C
B.

C.

A.

B.

C.

1.

PMMA

PMMA
EPOXY

SILICIC ACID ESTER

2.

(1)
Pores and
Fissures

1."

"

2.

(2)
1.
1.
Rustcoloured-Colo

ured Stains
Hematites_ 2.
Pyrites

2. (1)

(2)

3.
(3)/
1.
Damp Patches

2.

3.
Primer

(4)
1.
Moss and Alga
2.
growth
.

(5)
1.
1.(1)
(Penetration of
2. 2.
Damp)

CNS8903
8020

(W)(D)

(6)
1.
()

(Efflorescence)

2.
3.

(7)
()
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(6)

CO2

CO2

(8)
1. 1.
(

Frost Damage
2.
10%

3.

(9)
1. 1.
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(1)

SO2

SO3 (2)

2.

CaCO3
(10)
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1. 1.
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3.Bonding Agents

.(preservation)
1.

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Agents

2.
1
2
3
4
5Chemical Base
1

1000
.

(
)

(
)

(
()
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95%

95%

60%

100%

2%

100%

40%

3%

95%
()

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PRIMER

2015
6020%RH

1.

2.

3.

4.

1.

2.
(

)
3.

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1.

(
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1.

2.

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3.
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1.

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200

1.

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3.

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10

1.

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2. 15

1.
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PE

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1.

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5.

1.

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pH 13-14

(
601 )

1. 220-250M2
2.
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1. CNS
2.
3.
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1.
1
2
3
4
2.
1

2:

3 :

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1mm
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1.2
4.8m/m

5 :

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7 :

8 :

2
9 :
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B. CNS 6300

10 :
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C. ;

3
3.
1
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2
3
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5
6:

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1.

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1.

25mm
10mm
25mm
2.

3.
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5.

6.

7.:

8. BOLT

9.

10.

15mm 20mm

:
:

 10

90 11 12 WTO

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.