: I will be your God, and you will be my people.

6:7

Motto : Faith seeking understanding

?
Old Testament is Gods revealed salvation history of his people(Israel).
:
Wenham :
Pentateuch
: 50 2300
: 81 ,
: 40
: 34
:

ANE : ancient near east

Doctrine of Divine Inspiration :
1. Dictation theory ( 100%)
2. Limited Inspiration theory ( 100% 100%)
3. Plenary Verbal Inspiration theory ( 100% )
Stephen Langton ( 1200AC)

History of the Old Testament

:
()

1. Three-age System of Archaeology

BAR (Biblical archaeology review)

Stone age (2000000BC 3300BC)

Bronze age (3300BC 1200BC)
early 3300 2000
middle 2000 1550
late 1550 - 1200
Iron age (1200BC-300BC)
I 1200 930
II 930 - 539
III 539 - 332
2. Geography of the Old Testament
The Fertile Crescent
1

3. Topography of the Land of Canaan

5 Major Longitudinal Zones
1.
Coastal plains
2.
Central Mountain Ranges
3.
Jordan Rift Valley
4.
Transjordanian Mountains
5.
Eastern Desert

ANE(ancient near east ) : pp60-61

Egypt : pp62-63
Mesopotamia pp63

1.
a.
b.
c.
JEDP ()
1.
6

A. Pre-Enlightenment Period :
B.
1. :
18

2.

1.
2.
3.
1:1 Elohim
2:4
4.
5.
36 : 31
17 : 14-20
12 : 6

J :
E:
:
1.
2.1750
E J
PD
(1)J 950-850
(2)E 850-750
721-650 J E

(3)D 690-630

(4)P 520-500
3. 450

4.
(1)ElohimYahwehYahweh Elohim 6:3
Yahweh


(2)
(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)....
5.
a.
1800-1200
b.
1200-1000
c.
950
d.
850
e.

f.
621
g.
550
h.
400
6. P
E
J
: (Ewald, de Wette)
:

(redaction criticism)

( + )
16
11

1.
2.

(Genesis)
A.
1. Primeval History ( 1-11)
Epic of Atrahasis
Enuma Elish Creation Account
Epic of Gilgamesh (Flood Account)
Egyptian Cosmogony
: ()
2. The Patriarchal period ( 12-50)
8

B. Literature of Genesis
(Genealogy)
()
(Narrative)
()

C.
1.

:
()
to give birth, to bear, to generate
2.
(1)
:

: means (chaos)
/(separate)
:
: means nothing 11:3
(2)
Creation is by Gods Word
(3)

(4)

(5)
.( 1:21-25)
3.

4. ( to male/cut a covenant)
a. :
creation fall - recreation
(1)
(2)
(3) :
b.
(1)land
(2)descendants
(3)Name
(4)Blessing
(5)
( 17:3-14)
(1)
(2)
(3)
9

(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)

c.

De-godding God/De-centering God

God owe us.

( 3:6-9)
d.
: famine nomadic
:
: ()
:
Exodus
A. Historical Background of Exodus

B.C.

(Amarna Tablets)15thBCE
Merenetah Stele(13th BCE) :
1-18

Greta Hort
God as the first Cause! ()
19-40
Law and Tabernacle
1760BC

10

11


1.
a.

b.
c.
d.

()
:

12

36 - 39 :
40
40:34-38
(G. K. Beale)

Sacred space

4.(Divine Presence)

1:14

5. Theology of Covenant

( Suzerain Vassal)
Suzerainty Treaty
Covenantal faithfulness ( hesed )

: 31:13

24:1-18

: 19 : 5-6

( 10 24 : 10 - 23 )

(1-16)
16 ()
(17-27)
20:7, 26, (cf.11:44-45)
19:2,
13

20:7
20:26

21 :8
11:44

11:45

25 -40 ()
( )
()
-->-->
justification ()
sanctification ()

vs

: / ()
mimetic/ritual ()
:
gift theory : ()()
communion theory : ( God is relational)
communal meal
Consecration theory (): :

: 11 : 44-45

( 10 : 10)
: ()20 : 26

:
: 6 : 16

:
:
5 : 15

14


:
:
23 : 2
:
( ) 13 : 45-46
() : 4:12
() :
11:46 47 : ()
1.
a.

(1)
( 2 19 1418
(2)( 16 12
97 29 1951
b.( 912

(1)
(
15 1 14 16
(2)
( 17 6
c.( 1319

(1)(
( 2932 34 35
(2) 15
18 1118 3 3435 5 29
d.( 2031


(1) ( 15
17 24
15

(2)
2426 1

: () (

: ()()
Mary Douglas :
Jacob Milgrom :

10 : 10
Discernment

Separation

?
2 : 1-2

6 :15
16 : 12-13

2:14-15
12 : 1
13 : 15-16
5:8
10

--> -->
:
()

16

 :
v.s.

17

18

19


/ (Title/Preamble) ( 20 : 1)
(Historical Prologue)( 20 : 2)
(Stipulation)
(apodictic laws) ( 20:3-17;22-26)
(causistic laws)
( 21-23 ; 25-31)
( 1-25)
( 25:16)

( 26)

15
6 29

92426
1013
1630 147
114 1568
20

1415
3

9-13 :
31:11

31:12

31:13

:
1. , ,
2. :
a. (, )
b. (, )
c. ,

21

HYKSOS

34
1720 1570 1800 1500

22


AMOSISI 1567
THUTMOSEIII
1966
430 400

1879

1448
431
430
739
1710

1280
430
2l8

1570
70
1500 70
1200
370
400 430
738
430 400 250
215 738
38 77
2l5
40
430

430
430
430
2l5 215
430

MASORA

430 400

8:3b
6:4-5

23

24

25

26

27

( 38 )
15:6
2:7

13:2
29:
42
29:

43
29:

44
29:

45
29:
46

:
: 6
: () () ()

:
:
:
:

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

3 7
4-6 8-10
7 11
8-11 12-15
12 16
28

 13 17
14 18
15 19
16 20
17
21

37-39
1-3 4 5-10

1.

1:1-12:15
2.

12:16-19:22
3.

20
4.

21:1-3
5.
20:14-22

21:4-9
6.

21:21-32
7.
21:33-35
8.
22:1
9.

22:2-24:25
10.

32:

29

 - 1.
7 14-25
- 2.

7 26 -8 11
- 3. 8 12-15
- 4.
8 16-28
- 5.

9 1-7
- 6.

9 8-12
- 7.

9 13-35
- 8.

10 1-20
- 9.

10 21-29
- 10.

11
1 -12 36
30

 :
:
()
// Deuteronomistic History

( )
Martin Noth
1. Deuteronomistic History (DH)
2. DH was composed during the exile ()
3. Dh is unified and well planned whole.
4. DH is constructed via a judicious combination of source materials and
redactional commentary.
5. DH is a document of judgment and condemnation of Israel.
Frank Moore Cross (Qumran Scholar)
1. Pre exilic Josiahs time
2. DH as a call to conversion and hope of new era under Josiah
Rudolf Smend
1. Accepts Noths exilic DH
2. Prophetic redactor (DtrP)
3. Nomistic redactor (DtrN)
:
()

:
1. : 6-9
2. : 10
3. : 11
:

:
1. List : (12 )
2. Land Grants (13-19 20-21 )
Babylonian Kudurrun Stone :
( )
31


aniconic view
Annals of War (1-11 )
?
?

(13th BCE)
:
1.

: ()

: Minimalist

a.
immigration model (Noth)
Peasant revolt : Israel as native Canaanite (Gottward)
(K. Lawson Younger)
: 10:20 , 11:23, 21:
15 :63 ()
?

b. : (Hyperbolic Language in Annals of War)

:

()

1. : Harold Hill Myth ( Rebutal)

2. : ()
:

1.
2. 9 :4
3.
4. : 8:19-20
:
( )
32

( 19 : 5-6)
12 :

1.
2. 1:9
3.

4.
5. (divine warrior)

6. : ?
9 :: 4 -5
?
: Collateral Damage
6:1
5 : 19-20
: :
: ? ?
Jihad
? 6 :10 20
:

33

980

1. 1:21
2. 1:29
970 970

9:16
3. 17:6 18:1
19:1 21:25
4. 3:3

1200 1020
1043
150
180
350 1390 1043

11:27

2:16-19
3:10 4:4 10:2-3 11:27

()

32:12
36:11

&

34

11:18-25

1:19

17:6 , 18:1 , 19:1 , 21:25

1400
Hittite Empire
Kizzuwatnabarzel barzillu

3:11
17:16 4:3

13:19-22

:
:



35

 :
1. inclusio of rologue and Epilogue
A :
B

B
A :
2.Pattern and repetition
-->
3. Expansion and Omission
vs
K. Younger
:

:
(herem) :
7:16
1.
2.
3.
?
?

:
: ?
?
( )
1.
2. (3:6)
3.
4. ( : My father is king.)
5.
6.
7.
8. ()
9. (19:29)
10.
36

Downward spiral
?
: 17 21 ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

?
() ()
:

: /?
?

: Novella or story
:

Kinsman Redeemer :
Inclusiveness in Gods salvation plan /

37

 : ( )
:

narrative preaching :
1st person narrative preaching
3rd person narrative preaching

:
: :
narrative criticism
Sternberg, Meir. The Poetics of Biblcal Narrative : Ideological Literature

:
:
Development of Biblical Narrative

:
:

:
:

38


:

?

( Let the ark of the covenant be what it is meant to be. )

Theology of Kingship ( Monarchy ) ( 8 )
:
:

8 : 4 7
12 : 12 13

1.
2. 17 : 14




?
?
Replacement theme :

?
Divine Impassibility

39


Dispensational Theology :
:
Classical Dispensational Theology

: Millenialism

:

:
:
:
( 1000
)
?
:

:
:
:
1.
2. ( )
3:1
9 : 10 : 25

baniti ()

Privatized morality
40


:
Compare vs contrast

Horned alter

:
(745 727 BC)

586 516 BC Captivity

17 : 22-23
Apis the Bull god
721 BC
? 11 : 34-38
?

( 24-25)
1. 20
2.
a. `
3.
4. 586 BC
5. 23 : 26-27
6. ( 21 : 2-7) ()
7. ( 17 : 24-40 ; 24 -25 )

41

 ?
( Doctrine of sin)
:
-
( 1-8)
( 29 )

( 27 ) /
: ? Chronicler ? () ?

: post-exilic period
: 3 : 17-19
9 : 1-2
:
:
Historiography
:
/ :
:
Vorlage ()
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
:
1. ( P64)
2. p65
3. p66
4. ( P68)
5. ( P69)
6. ( P62)
7.
8. Zadokite priests ( 6 : 8)
9.
10. (558 529 BCE 36 : 22-23)
:

42

a
b
c
d
e 33
f
89

7:14

17:13 7:15

17:14
/

22 : 6 -10

: ritually un clean
Sin of Census taking led to plague/death of 70K people at the future
temple site

26 : 16

27 : 2

24 : 4-5

29 31
43

 33
35
36 : 23

3 : 16-17

1.
2.
3.
4.

/
4 : 8 6 :18 ; 7 : 12- 26
4 7

?

refrain

4 6 4:5


vs tangential or parenthetical reading
:
44


Return
(going astray) : 9 : 7 ; 1 : 6 7 9 : 33 35

1 : 1 36 : 22 23
7 : 27 -28 8 2 : 18



(remnant) 9 : 8

4 : 6 4 : 1-3 ;6
3 :12

confession and repentance

Renewal
7 : 25

usury

? 2 : 16; 19:8

divorce separate

10:18 44

Saga novel ?

Etiology ?
Diaspora narrative
45




No God talk

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

122 ; 137

vs

46