()

1.
(1)
(2)
2.
(1)
(2)

(3)

3.
(1)

(2) 1903 (Svante A. Arrhenius)

1907
4.
(1)
(2)
(3)
5.
(1) (Aristotle384322 B.C.)

(2)

(3) (Jan Batista van Helmont15771644)1620

21

(4) (John Needham17131781)

()
(5) (Flix-Archimde Pouchet18001872)

()

1. (Francesco Redi16261697)
(1) 8

(2)

(3) ()

()

()

2. (Louis Joblot16451723)1711

3. (Lazzaro Spallanzani17291799)
(1) 1765

(2)

4. (Louis Pasteur18221895)

(1) 186460

--

56

19

19

18

16

(2)
4

a.
b.

c.
(3) 56
(4)

(5)
a. (germ theory)

b. (pasteurization)62()

c.

() ()
1.
3545

(1) 40
a.
b. ()

c.

1.
2. COCO2N2H2O
CH4 NH3()
3.

(2)
a.
b.
c.

(3)

a.

b.
c. DNA(RNA...)
d.

()
1.
(1) 1924 (Alexander I. Opaline)
CO2N2H2CH2 H2O

(2) 1928 (John B. S. Haldane)

(3) (
)
2. (Stanley Miller) (Harlod Urey)
(1) 1953

(2)

H 2O

(H2OH2CH4 NH3)

3. (Sidney W. Fox)
(1) 151820

(proteinoid microspheres)
(2)
(protobiont)
(3)
(4)

4. (Melvin Calvin)
(1) -
()
(2) .
5. RNA (RNA-first hypothesis)
(1) (Carl Woese) (Francis Crick) 1960
RNARNA

(2) 1980 (Thomas R. Cech) (Sidney Altman) RNA

(ribozyme) RNA

(ribozyme)
!
1980 (Thomas Cech)
RNARNARNA

()RNA(rRNA)

(3) RNA

RNA
RNA

DNA

DNA

RNADNA
RNA

RNA

RNA

(4)
a. RNARNA (RNA world)RNA

b. RNA
c. RNADNA
d. DNADNARNARNA

6. 1994 (Emory University)

(liposomes)

7.

8.
(1)

(2)
(3) (
)
()
COCO2N2H2OCH4 NH3 H2 H2S ()

RNA

RNA

RNA

(pro-cell)RNA

RNADNA()

()

()
()
1. 45
35
()
2. ()

(ATP)
RNA

1.
2.

1.
2.

1.
2.

3.
(1) ()()
()
(2) ()
(3) ()
(4) ()

()
1.
2.
3.
(1)

(2)

(chemoautotroph bacteria)
ATP
SO3 2 SO4 2

4.

5.

()
1. 35

2.

3.

()
DNA

4. (3638ATP)(2ATP)

()
(O2) (H2O2)
2O2 + 2H+
2H2O2

H2O2 + 2H+

H2O2 + O2

2H2O + O2

2H2O


35
(cyanobacteria)

()

______
2cm

______
10m

()
1. 15

2.
(1) (infolding)

(2) (endosymbiosis)
a. (Lynn Margulis)
b.

c.
(amoeba chaos)

d.

DNA

3.
(1) DNA

(2) ()
RNA

(3) 9+2

9+2

(4) () (kinetosome)
DNA
()
(5) (Cyanophora paradoxa)

(6)

4. (secondary endosymbiosis)

(Cryptomonas sp.)

CN

CN

(N)

(CN)

()
1.

2.

(1) (colony)
(2)

(3) ()


Q.

A.