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Presentation on:

Mutual Funds

Presented By: Amar Ranu


Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Investment Retail Investors

NAV Exit Load Portfolio Dividend

Risk Management Factsheets Return Portfolio Tax Saving Redemption Entry Load Investment Objective Asset Allocation Open Ended Growth Fund Manager Repurchase Price AUMs Professional Management

Close Ended

Sale Price

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Snapshot.

Mutual Fund

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Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Why did Mutual Funds come into existence?

An old Axiom :

It is not wise to put all eggs into one basket

was probably in the minds of those who formed the first mutual fund.
Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Contents
Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund

Returns

Investors

Securities

Fund Manager

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund

Mutual Funds defined.a flow cycle

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Flow Cycle explained

A Mutual Fund is a trust that pools the savings of a number of investors who share a common financial goal.
The money thus collected is then invested in capital market instruments such as shares, debentures and other securities. The income earned through these investments and the capital appreciation realized are shared by its unit holders in proportion to the number of units owned by them. Thus a Mutual Fund is the most suitable investment for the common man as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified, professionally managed basket of securities at a relatively low cost.

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment Mutual fund investing vs. Direct investing
Professional investment management Risk reduction through diversification Convenience Availability of alternative portfolio objectives

Unit holders account administration and services

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Difference b/w Balance Sheets of MF and Bank

Difference between Bank and Mutual Fund


Mutual Fund Balance Sheet Liabilities Assets Bank Balance Sheet Liabilities Assets

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Difference b/w Balance Sheets of MF and Bank

Difference between Bank and Mutual Fund


Mutual Fund Balance Sheet Liabilities Unit Capital Assets Investment in Financial Securities Bank Balance Sheet Liabilities Share Capital Deposits Assets Loans and Advances

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Organizational Structure of Mutual Fund


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Organizational Structure of Mutual Fund

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Organizational Structure of Mutual Fund


Sponsor
Akin to the Promoter of the company, Contribution of minimum 40% of net worth of AMC, Posses sound financial record over five years period, Establishes the Fund, Gets it registered with the SEBI, Forms a trust, & appoints Board of trustee.

Trustees

Holds assets on behalf of unit holders in trust, Trustees are caretaker of unit holders money, Two third of the trustees shall be independent persons (not associated with the sponsor), Trustees ensure that the system, processes & personnel are in place, Resolves unit holders GRIEVANCES, Appoint AMC & Custodian, & ensure that all activities are accordance with the SEBI regulation.
Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Organizational Structure of Mutual Fund


Custodian
Holds the funds securities in safekeeping, Settles securities transaction for the fund, Collects interest & dividends paid on securities, Records information on corporate actions.

Asset Management Company


Floats schemes & manages according to SEBI, Can not undertake any other business activity, other than portfolio mgmt services, 75% of unit holders can jointly terminate appointment of AMC, At least 50% of independent directors, Chairman of AMC can not be a trustee of any MF.

Distributor / Agents
Sell units on the behalf of the fund, It can be bank, NBFCs, individuals.
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Organizational Structure of Mutual Fund


Banker
Facilitates financial transactions, Provides remittance facilities.

Registrar & Transfer Agent


Maintains records of unit holders accounts & transactions Disburses & receives funds from unit holder transactions, Prepares & distributes a/c settlements, Tax information, handles unit holder communication, Provides unit holder transaction services.

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

AMFI Classification of MF Schemes


Fund schemes
Growth & Income Balanced Liquid & Money Market Gilt ELSS Fund of funds ETFs

Portfolio objectives
High Risk & High Return Moderate Risk & Return Fixed Return Zero Risk Tax Saving Additional diversification Market Driven

Each category is classified into more sub-categories.

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes Other classification of MF schemes


By Structure
Open-Ended anytime enter/exit

Close-Ended Schemes listed on exchange, redemption after period of scheme is over.

By Investment Objective
Equity (Growth) only in Stocks Long Term (3 years or more)

Debt (Income) only in Fixed Income Securities


Liquid/Money Market Short-term Money Market (CPs, CDs, Treasury Bills) Balanced/Hybrid Stocks + Fixed Income Securities (1-3 years) Gilt Funds primarily in G-Sec

Other Schemes
Tax Saving Schemes such as ELSS Special Schemes (ETFs, foreign funds)

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Risk-return structure of schemes


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Risk-return structure of schemes Risk Return of different schemes

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

History of Mutual Funds in India


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

History of Mutual Funds in India

Phases of Mutual Fund Industry in India


Formation of UTI Entry of Public Sector Funds Entry of Private Sector Funds 1964 1987 1993 A phase dedicated to Retail Investors

2009 ?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Regulatory Aspects
Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Regulatory Aspects Regulations


Governed by SEBI (Mutual Fund) Regulation 1996 All MFs registered with it, constituted as trusts ( under Indian Trusts Act, 1882) Bank operated MFs supervised by RBI too AMC registered as Companies registered under Companies Act, 1956 SEBI- Very detailed guidelines for disclosures in offer document, offer period, investment guidelines etc. NAV to be declared everyday for open-ended, every week for closed ended Disclose on website, AMFI, newspapers Half-yearly results, annual reports Select Benchmark depending on scheme and compare

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Portfolio Management Process


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Portfolio Management Process Portfolio Management Process


Investment Objective
Portfolio Construction Security Selection Investment Portfolio Optimizer

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Risk Management
Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Risk Management Risk Management Function Risk category


Fund management

Risk factors

Volatility in performance, portfolio concentration, Interest rate movement, liquidity risk & credit risk. Deal error, settlement problem, NAV & fund pricing Operations error, inaccurate financial reporting, fraud. Error in deal processing, fraud . Customer Marketing & distribution New product development, selling & distribution Critical knowledge loss, skills shortage, third party Other business risk risk Disaster recovery & business contingency plans. Insurance against third party loss (R&TA), arising from error & omission.

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Investment Checklists
Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Investment Checklists Investing Checklist


Draw up your asset allocation Financial goals & Time frame (Are you investing for retirement? A childs education? Or for current income? ) Risk Taking Capacity Identify funds that fall into your Buy List Obtain and read the offer documents Match your objectives In terms of equity share and bond weightings, downside risk protection, tax benefits offered, dividend payout policy, sector focus Check out past performance Performance of various funds with similar objectives for at least 3-5 years (managed well and provides consistent returns)

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Investment Checklists Checklist continued..


Think hard about investing in sector funds For relatively aggressive investors

Close touch with developments in sector, review portfolio regularly


Look for `load' costs Management fees, annual expenses of the fund and sales loads Does the fund change fund managers often?

Look for size and credentials


Asset size less than Rs. 25 Crores Diversify, but not too much Invest regularly, choose the S-I-P MF- an integral part of your savings and wealth-building plan.

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Mutual Fund Comparison


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Mutual Fund Comparison Mutual Fund Comparison


Absolute returns
% difference of NAV

Diversified Equity with Sector Funds No

Benchmark returns
SEBI directs Fund's returns compared to its benchmark

Time period
Equal to time for which you plan to invest Equity- compare for 5 years, Debt- for 6 months

Market conditions
Proved its mettle in bear market

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Expenses
Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Expenses Expenses of Mutual Fund


Accounted for in FUND RETURN
Management fee* Group fee* Performance fee* Administrative fee* Brokerage costs Interest costs

Not included in FUND RETURN


Front end sales load Back end sales load Transaction fee Redemption fee Account maintenance fee Bid ask spreads

An asterisk * indicates fee which is included in a funds expense ratio. As per SEBI Rule, expense ratio should be 2.5% for equity & 2.25% for debt fund of fund value.

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Tracking Mutual Funds


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Tracking Mutual Funds

Keeping Track
Filling up an application form and writing out a cheque = end of the story No! Periodically evaluate performance of your funds Fact sheets and Newsletters Websites such as www.valueresearchonline.com, www.mutualfundsindia.com, www.morningstar.in, www.lipperweb.com et al. Newspapers Professional advisor

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Warning Signals
Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Warning Signals

Warning Signals
Fund's management changes; Performance slips compared to similar funds; Fund's expense ratios climb; Beta, a technical measure of risk, also climbs; Independent rating services reduce their ratings of the fund; It merges into another fund; Change in management style or a change in the objective of the fund.

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

AUM movements in India


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

AUM movements in India


Movement of AUMs in different categories over a period of time
100% 90% 80% 1960 3908 1479 4316 1893 6917 1740 4876

3927 3730

8726 2057

19063 1975

11577 6368

12105

10801 14164 32424 64711 97757 112349 82776 11348

17996
70% 60% 50% 40% 30%

59447
14371 4663 22938 5472 67144 119538 6833 9170

19937

11659

99081 192129

31551 77469 54195 71258 47451

197132 197342 52903 86349

20% 10%

0%

Dec-01

Dec-02

Dec-03

Dec-04

Dec-05

Dec-06

Dec-07

Dec 08

Income

Equity

Balanced

Liquid/Money Market

Gilt

ELSS

GOLD ETFs

Other ETFs

FoFs

Stock Funds have become a mainstream product. Liquid Plus Funds and FMPs have seen aggressive inflows due to regulatory changes. New asset classes like ETFs and FoFs have emerged.
Indian Institute of Capital Markets

AUM movements in India Indian Asset Management Industry - Growth in Assets


700000
600000

549936
500000

-13 %
413365

400000

66 %
300000

323597

14 %
200000

199248 140093 150537

101822
100000

122600

0 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 May-08 Dec 08

Total Assets Under Management as on March 2009 Rs 493286 crores Total No. of players - 36
Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Penetration of Mutual Funds


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Penetration of Mutual Funds Penetration vis--vis Other Financial Products


250

235

230

200

182

In Millions

150

100

90

58
50

26 8.4
0

Bank A/cs

Credit Cards

Debit Cards

Mutual Fund Folios

Life Insurance Retails Broking Customers Accounts

Mobile Subscribers

Note: Penetration of Mutual Funds is still low as compared to Banks and Insurance Companies.
Indian Institute of Capital Markets

What Mutual Funds are not?


Flow Cycle of a Mutual Fund Diff. b/w MF and Direct Investment History of Mutual Funds in India Balance sheet of a Bank and Mutual Fund Risk-return structure of schemes Organizational Structure of a Mutual Fund Classification of Mutual Fund Schemes

Regulatory Aspects

Portfolio Management Process AUM movements in India

Risk Management

Investments Checklists

Mutual Fund Comparison

Warning Signals

Tracking Mutual Funds

Expenses

Penetration of Mutual Funds

What Mutual Funds are not?

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

What Mutual Funds are not? MFs are not MFs are not MFs are not MFs are not get rich quick investments risk free investment assured return investment a universal solution to all investment needs

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

Thank You

Indian Institute of Capital Markets

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