Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

NGHIN CU V XY DNG M HNH CHNG ST VAN TRONG MATLAB-SIMULINK BO V CHNG QU IN P CHO THIT B IN
THE STUDY AND BUILD OF THE SURGE ARRESTER SIMULATION MODEL IN MATLAB-SIMULINK ON PROTECTION THE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT SVTH. Nguyn H S Hng, Trn Ngc Thm
Lp 05 DHT - Khoa in, Trng i hc Bch khoa

GVHD. TS. on Anh Tun

Khoa in, Trng i hc Bch khoa
TM TT Qu in p xy ra trong h thng in gy nguy him cho cch in ca cc thit b, c bit l cc thit b quan trng. Bi bo co trnh by tc dng ca chng st van (CSV) trong vic bo v thit b in khi xy ra qu in p. Cc m phng dng phng php m hnh ha trong cng c Simulink th hin r qu trnh hot ng, cc c tnh v kh nng bo v ca CSV trong vic hn ch qu in p trn t b dc, khng b ngang v cc cun dy ca my in. Kt qu nghin cu cho thy s cn thit phi trang b CSV cho cc thit b quan trng, t nghin cu vic tnh ton la chn loi CSV cng nh s lng CSV cn lp t m bo s lm vic tin cy ca CSV trong vic bo v thit b in. ABSTRACT Overvoltage in power system is harmful for insulator of electrical equipments, especially for important equipments.The report presents the effect of surge arrester on protecting electrical equipment during overvoltage.The simulations that used the modeling method in Simulink tool present clearly the operation, characteristics and protective capability of the surge arrester in limiting the overvoltage on the the series capacitor,the impedance compensator and the windings of a electrical machine.The results of this research show the need for setting surge arrester with important equipments, the research is also useful for calculating to select the class and the number of surge arresters to ensure the reliability of the electrical equipment protection.

1. t vn Qu in p kh quyn do st lan truyn trn cc ng dy trn khng v qu in p do cc s c trong h thng in c th ln hn in p th nghim xung ca cch in ca cc thit b in, dn n gy chc thng cch in, ph hoi thit b quan trng nh t b dc, khng b ngang v my bin p. Thit b CSV c s dng bo v cc thit b ni trn vi mc ch l lun gii hn in p trn cc u cc thit b c bo v di mc in p an ton ca thit b. ti ny xut vic s dng m hnh CSV trong Matlab-Simulink nghin cu s lm vic ca CSV bo v cho cc thit b in, ng thi xut vic la chn cc thng s, s lng ca CSV cn t nhm bo v cho cc thit b in v c CSV. ng thi ti cng xut vic m hnh ha thit b CSV phc v nghin cu bo v my in khi c qu in p kh quyn. 2. S dng m hnh CSV trong Simulink m phng qu trnh bo v qu in p cho t b dc v khng b ngang
130

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

2.1. M hnh m phng Xt h thng ng dy cung cp in cho ph ti di 200km c cp in p 500kV. S c chm t trong m phng xy ra cui ng dy v c loi tr khi my ct ti ct. ng dy c b vi h s b 40%. Khng b ngang c t ti cui ng dy c cng sut 110Mvar. t CSV MOV1 bo v cho t b dc, da vo mc cch in dc ca t, in p phng in yu cu ca CSV l 2,5 ln in p nh mc ca t. T ta xc nh c in p bo v tng ng ci t cho m hnh CSV MOV1 l Uprot = 154,15kV. Khng b ngang c bo v bi khi chng st MOV2 c in p phng in gp 1,5 ln in p pha. in p bo v tng ng ci t cho MOV2 l Uprot = 612,238kV.

Hnh 1. M hnh c s dng cho m phng

2.2. Qu trnh m phng Ti thi im s c chm t xy ra (thi im t= 0,02s), in p t ln t b tng ln. Khi t ti in p bo v tng ng Vprot ca MOV1 th MOV1 bt u phng in. Dng phng in qua MOV1 t n 8kA sau 0,026s k t thi im s c, in p t ln MOV1 l 150,3kV. Gi tr ny thp hn in p chu ng ca cch in ca t. Do CSV MOV1 thc hin chc nng bo v chng qu in p cho t b khi c ngn mch cui ng dy.

Hnh 2. in p v dng trn chng st van MOV1

Ti thi im s c c loi tr (lc my ct ti Load CB ct vo thi im t= 0,1s) th ti thanh gp B2 xut hin qu in p v CSV MOV2 c nhim v bo v qu in p cho khng b ngang pha cui ng dy. Xung dng qua MOV2 c ln 1300A ng vi in p t ln MOV2 l 620kV.

Hnh 3. in p v dng trn chng st van MOV2

2.3. nh gi vai tr ca CSV trong qu trnh bo v qu in p T kt qu m phng s lm vic ca cc CSV bo v cho t b dc v khng
131

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

b ngang, a ra cc c tnh so snh qu in p t vo cc thit b cn bo v khi c t CSV v khi khng c t CSV.

Hnh 4. in p trn b t trong trng hp khng lp t CSV v trng hp c lp t CSV

Hnh 5. in p trn khng b ngang trong trng hp khng lp t CSV v c lp t CSV

in p ln nht trn t b dc trong cc trng hp
in p ln nht trn khng b ngang trong cc trng hp 2.3595 1.7729 in p lm vic bnh thng ln nht ca khng b ngang(ct bn tri) Qu in p trn khng b ngang khi khng t CSV(ct gia) Qu in p trn khng b ngang khi c lp t CSV(ct bn phi) 1

6 pu 5 4 3 2 1 0 1

5.2987 in p lm vic bnh thng ln nht ca t b(ct bn tri) 2.4641 Qu in p trn t b khi khng t CSV(ct gia) Qu in p trn t b khi c lp t CSV(ct bn phi) 1

pu

2.5 2 1.5 1 1 0.5 0

Hnh 6. in p ln nht trn t b dc v khng b ngang trong 3 trng hp

2.4. Nng lng hp th ca cc CSV trong thi gian phng in Nng lng hp th l mt thng s quan trng ca chng st van. Nu mc nng lng vt qu kh nng hp th ca chng st c th dn ti vic ph hy tc thi i vi chng st v lm h hng chng st. M phng tnh c mc nng lng hp th theo thi gian phng in ca chng st.

a) Chng st van MOV1 b) Chng st van MOV2 Hnh 7. Nng lng hp th bi CSV ca t b dc v khng b ngang trong thi gian phng in

Kt qu cho thy mc nng lng c chng st van MOV1 hp th l 9MJ trong thi gian phng in ca n,cn i vi MOV2 l 0,62MJ. Mc nng lng hp th bi CSV bo v cho t b dc l rt cao, do cn phi tnh ton la chn cc CSV c kh nng hp th cc mc nng lng cn thit mc song song cc CSV vi nhau nhm m bo cho cc CSV lm vic an ton. Trong trng hp ny, nu ta chn loi CSV c in p nh mc 60kV, mc nng lng hp th l 12kJ/kV(UR), vi thi gian ngn mch l 0,1s th s lng CSV cn ni song song t nht l 12 CSV.

132

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

3. Chng st van bo v qu in p do xung st cho my in 3.1. M hnh dng xung st chun Biu thc ton hc cc dng xung st khng chu k c s dng rng ri trong lnh vc in cao p c dng:
i(t ) KI 0 e
t T1

t T2

(1) (2)

u (t )

KU 0 e

t T1

t T2

Trn c s cc biu thc ton hc thnh lp m hnh trong matlab

Hnh 8. Ngun dng ca xung khng chu k Hnh 9. Ngun p ca xung khng chu k

Chy m hnh ta c kt qu dng sng

Hnh 10.Ngun pht xung 8/20s 10kA

Hnh 11. Ngun pht xung 1,2/50s -10kA

3.2. M hnh CSV dng MOV 3.2.1. M hnh ngh

Hnh 12. M hnh CSV m phng

Hnh 13. c tnh V-I ca MOV

Cc in tr phi tuyn A0, A1 c xc nh da vo cc ng c tnh V-I hnh 13.

133

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

3.2.2. M hnh s dng CSV bo v my bin p (MBA) khi c xung in p st truyn vo trm

Hnh 14. M hnh trm bin p

Hnh 15. M hnh thay th trm bin p

Xt m hnh trm bin p 110kV/22kV nh hnh 14. H thng truyn ti qua MBA 110kV/22KV cng sut 20MVA, in tr ni t ca CSV l 1. Cch in ca MBA c thit k l 360 kV. Chng st c s dng l loi AZG3008G070090 ca hng Cooper: c tnh k thut ca CSV Rate Voltage (KV) 90 Continuous operating voltage (KV) 70 1/5 s-10 kA (KV) 242 High Arrester (mm) 1219 8/20 s Maximum Discharge Voltage (kV) 5 (kA) 199 10 (kA) 213 20 (kA) 235

Kt qu in p thu c trong trng hp c v khng c t CSV U1: in p t vo MBA khi khng c CSV bo v U1: in p t vo MBA khi c CSV bo v T kt qu hnh 16 ta thy khi khng t CSV th in p t vo cch in ca MBA l 2MV ln hn nhiu ln cch in ca MBA s gy ra ph hng MBA. Trong trng hp tCSV, ta thy rng in p t ln MBA s nh hn in p cch in ca MBA.
Hnh 16. C t CSV

3.3. Nghin cu nh hng ca in tr ni t v dc u sng n in p d ca CSV 3.3.1. nh hng ca in tr ni t n in p d Tin hnh m phng vi vic thay i gi tr in tr ni t ca CSV ta c kt qu hnh 7. Trn c s m phng ta thy in tr ni t nh hng rt ln i vi in p d, kt qu m phng gip ta chn gii hn cho in tr ni t ph hp. Vi MBA cng sut ln, thng thng h s d tr l 1.5 nn in tr t ca CSV phi nh hn 4 .
Hnh 17. c tnh Ud theo R

3.3.2. nh hng ca dc u sng n in p d Tin hnh m phng vi vic thay i dc xung st truyn vo trm.

134

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

Theo kt qu m phng hnh 18 ta thy in p d b nh hng rt ln khi dc thay i. Thi gian u sng cng b th in p d cng ln, cng gy nguy him cho cch in MBA. iu gii thch ti sao trong nhiu trng hp thit k CSV theo qui phm m vn b hng thit b l do xung st c dc qu ln,vt ngoi tiu chun thit k. 3.3.3. nh hng ca v tr st nh n in p d

Hnh 18. Ud theo dc sng

Tin hnh m phng khi thay i v tr st nh trn dc ng dy t 1-1000 m Chiu di(m) in dung dy dn (pF) 1 8.73 221.2 10 87.3 221 100 873 219 200 1746 217.2 400 3492 212 600 206 800 201.1 1000 197 5238 6980 8730

Ud (kV)

M phng cho thy c nh hng ca v tr st nh i in p t ln v in p d ca chng st, v tr cng xa trm th in p truyn vo trm cng nh v t gy nh hng i vi cc thit b. Kt lun Tnh mi ca ti l nghin cu c m hnh v lp m phng CSV dng MOV ca cc nh sn xut khc nhau t cc s liu bt k.Thng qua m hnh m phng ta thy c nh hng ca dc u sng, v tr st nh v in tr t i vi in p d ca CSV, ng thi ng dng vo thc t chn in tr ni t cho CSV. Kt qu cho thy cc CSV ny ng vai tr quan trng gim thnh phn qu in p gy nguy him cho cch in ca t b dc, khng b ngang, my bin p v gii hn qu in p c gi mc an ton cch in ca thit b. TI LIU THAM KHO [1] Manchester Data Encoding for Radio Communications. [2] Back to the future Manchester encoding. [3] Using the XGATE for Manchester. [4] Michael Duck, Peter Bishop, Richard Read. Data communication, addison wesley. [5] Hong minh sn. Mng truyn thng cng nghip.Hong Minh Sn, Nh sut bn khoa hc v k thut, sut bn nm 2001. [6] Gio trnh o lng v iu khin xa dng cho sinh vin nghnh k thut: Khoa in B mn t ng ha i hc Bch Khoa Nng 08-2009. [7] Trung T. Cng ngh ATM - gii php cho mng vin thng bng rng 1998.

135