Mathematical solution for Data Analysis:

A researcher is interested in knowing whether age is related to socioeconomic status. In a random sample of 1,903 US citizens, we find the following information: Mean Age=47.99 Standard deviation=17.35 Mean SEI=48.76 Standard deviation=19.51 Covariance of AGE/SEI= 16.87 0 (1) (2) (3) (4) Identify the independent and dependent variables. Compute the intercept, slope, and coefficient of determination (R2). Conduct appropriate tests of significance for b, and R 2. State a research hypothesis, report the slope and intercept with proper interpretations, the tests you conducted and the findings of those tests in paragraph form. State your conclusions regarding your hypothesis.

Answer: 1) The independent variable is socioeconomic status and dependent variable is age. 2) Sxx = (19.51)2 = 380.64, Syy = (17.35)2 = 301.02 and Sxy = 16.87 Slope (b) = Sxy/Sxx = 16.87/380.64 = 0.044 Intercept = Mean Age b* Mean SEI = 47.99 0.044 (48.76) = 45.84 Correlation, R = Sxy/Sxx Syy = 16.87/380.64*301.02 = 0.0498 Coefficient of determination, R2 = (0.0498) = 0.0025 3) Null Hypothesis (Ho): = 0 Alternative Hypothesis (Ha): 0

sb = 301.02/(1903 2)/380.64 = 0.0204 Test Statistics t = (b )/ (sb/n) = (0.044 0)/ (0.0204/1903) = 9.48 Degrees of freedom, df = n 2 = 1903 2 = 1901 P-value = 0.000 Since p-value is less than 0.05, null hypothesis is rejected. We can conclude that the slope is significant. Null Hypothesis (Ho): = 0 Alternative Hypothesis (Ha): 0 Test Statistics t = r (n 2)/1 - r = 0.044 1901/1 0.0025 = 1.92 Degrees of freedom, df = n 2 = 1903 2 = 1901 P-value = 0.055 Since p-value is greater than 0.05, null hypothesis is rejected. We can conclude that the coefficient of determination is not significant. d) The intercept is 45.84 which is interpreted as when the age is zero, the socioeconomic status increases by 45.84. The slope is 0.044 which is interpreted as for every additional increase in age, the socioeconomic status increases by 45.84.

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