Islam Me Jihad & Jannat

1
PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com
fo"k;&lw ph
12345678910-
;g iqLrd D;ksa \
tUur&thou dk ewy ms';
ftgkn vkSj tUur
fi+Qnk;h geys xSj&bLykeh
tUur dk Lo:i ,oa thou
tUur dh gwjksa dk lkSan;Z
tUur esa lSDl osQ izyksHku
D;k 'kghn dks fo'ks"kkfkdkj izkIr gS\
tUur vkSj fo+Q;ker
eq[; lkjka'k
lanHkZ
3
4
6
12
14
22
28
33
40
43
45
ftgkfn;ks a dks tUuros Qoy fo+ Q;ker cknMkW

ckn -osQ-oh-ikyhoky
lg;ks x jkf'k#i;s
chl
jkf'k
ISBN
N 8181- 8697086970-4040-1
iz Fke la Ldj.k1000
izfr;k
dj.k
Jho`Q".k tUek"Veh] 2065] vxLr 2008
fgUnw jkbVlZ iQksj e

129&ch] ,e-vkbZ-th- jktkSjh xkMZu
ubZ fnYyh&110027
2
1- ;g iqL rd D;ksa \
izkjaHk ls gh tUur bLyke dk ,d eq[; vkd"kZ.k jgk gS ftldks ikus osQ fy, fiNys oqQN o"kks
ls lkjs fo'o esa vkRe?kkrh geyksa us vR;Ur Hk;kud vkSj fouk'kdkjh :i kkj.k dj fy;k gS ftuesa
gtkjksa fujijkk yksxksa dh gR;k, gks pqdh gSaA vosQys Hkkjr esa gh tuojh 2004 ls ekpZ 2008 rd]
bZjkd osQ ckn] lcls T;knk geys gks pqosQ gSa ftuesa 3674 O;fDr ekjs tk pqosQ gSaA (ik;ks - 1818- 52008)
bLyke osQ eqYyk] ekSyoh vkSj dV~VjiaFkh eqlyeku Hkksys&Hkkys xjhc vkSj vui<+ ;qodksa dks gh
ugha] cfYd i<+s&fy[kksa] tSls&bathfu;j] MkWDVj vkfn dks Hkh xSj&eqlyekuksa osQ fo: ftgkn djus osQ
fy, ;g dgdj yqHkkrs gSa fd ;fn os vYykg osQ fy, ftgkn djrs gq, 'kghn Hkh gks x, rks n;kyq
vYykg mUgsa iQkSju tUur esa nkf[ky dj nsxkA ;gk mUgsa u osQoy vYykg osQ n'kZu gksaxs cfYd vfr
lqanjh vusdksas cM+h&cM+h vk[kksa okyh oqQokjh ;qofr;ksa (gwjksa) osQ lkFk mudh 'kknh djk nh tk,xh vkSj
os muosQ lkFk tc rd pkgsa fo"k;&Hkksx osQ vkuan mBkrs jgsaxsA os ogk lnk toku cus jgsaxs] u dHkh
cw<+s gksaxs] u chekj iM+saxsA os tUur esa js'keh diM+ksa ls lqlfTtr [kwclwjr ;qodksa }kjk ijkslh xbZ
fofHkUu izdkj dh enekrh 'kjkc ,oa lSadM+ksa izdkj osQ vR;Ur kk;osQnkj Hkkstuksa&iQyksa] esoksa vkfn dk
Hkh vkuan ysrs jgsaxsA bruk gh ugha] n;kyq vYykg mUgsa ogk vusd gwjksa osQ lkFk fo"k;&Hkksxksa osQ fy,
fo'ks"k dke&'kfDr Hkh nsxkA
bl izdkj os u osQoy thou osQ loksZke ms';&tUur dh iwfrZ dj losQaxs cfYd 'kghn gksus ij
ej.kkskj thou esa Hkh] lkalkfjd yksxksa dh rjg] ;kSu lq[kksa dk lnSo vkuUn Hkh ysrs jgsaxsA brus
yqHkkous izLrkoksa dks Hkyk dkSu iq:"k Bqdjk ldrk gS \ ifj.kkeLo:i bLyke osQ izkjaHk ls gh ysdj
vkt rd yk[kksa vcksk ;qod bu jktuSfrd egokdkaf{k;ksa] djiaFkh bLykeokfn;ksa vkSj eqYykvksa dh
yqHkkouh ckrksa ij vVwV fo'okl dj (^vYykg osQ uke ftgkn* djosQ) viuk vewY; thou u"V
djrs pys vk jgs gSaA
vr% ge ;gk] oqQjku vkSj gnhlksa osQ vkkkj ij] fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ij fopkj djsaxs
1- bLyke esa tUur ikus dk vfkdkjh dkSu gS \ 2- blosQ ikus osQ rjhosQ D;k gSa\ tUur osQ
fy, ftgkn gh D;ksa \ 3- D;k fiQnk;hu geys ftgkn dh ekU;rkvksa osQ vuqowQy gSa \ 4- D;k 'kghn
dks fo'ks"kkfkdkj izkIr gSa \ 5- tUur oSQlk gS \ 6- tUur dk thou oSQlk gS \ 7- D;k ,d 'kghn
fdlh
vU;
osQ
fy,
tUur
dh
fli+Qkfj'k
dj
ldrk
gS
\
8- D;k fdlh 'kghn dks iQkSju tUur fey ldrh gS \ 9- fd+;ker D;k gS] vkSj dc vk,xh \ 10D;k bLyke osQ tUur lacakh fooj.k cqflaxr gSa \ 11- tUur osQ izyksHkuksa dk ewy ms'; D;k gS \
3
;gk gekjk ms'; bLykeh tUur osQ [kks[kys ok;nksa dh lPpkb;ksa dks mtkxj djosQ mu gt+kjksa
;qodksa dks ejus ls cpkus dk gS] tks fd tUur esa vusd lqUnfj;ksa osQ lkFk Hkksxfoykl osQ izyksHkuksa esa
iQaldj viuk thou u"V djrs pys vk jgs gSaA
2- tUurthou dk ewy ms';

tUur vjch osQ ^tUu* 'kCn ls cuk gS ftldk vFkZ gS] <+duk] vkSj og txg] tks ikSkksa vkSj
o`{kksa ls <+dh gks ckx dgykrk gSA vr% ckx dk vFkZ gqvk tUurA bLyke esa ckx] ftlesa ?kj vkSj
vkeksn&izeksn osQ lkku ekStwn gksa] dks tUur dgk x;k gSA ;g vYykg }kjk bZekuokyksa dks muosQ usd
dkeksa osQ cnys migkj esa nsus dk izrhd gSA
(djhe]
(djh e] i`- 1)
bLyke esa tUur bruk egoiw.kZ fo"k; gS fd oqQjku osQ 114 lwjkvksa esa ls 74 esa] bldk o.kZu
fd;k x;k gS (bjiQkuh] i`- 350&354)A vusd vk;rksa esa tUur dks ckj&ckj lkalkfjd thou ls
Js"Brj vkSj bls ikuk thou dh liQyrk crk;k x;k gSA
gj tho dks e`R;q dk Lokn p[kuk gS vkSj rqEgsa rqEgkjk Hkjiwj cnyk ^fd;ker* osQ fnu
pqdk fn;k tk,xk rks] ftls ^vkx* (tgUue) ls gVk fn;k x;k vkSj ^tUur* esa nkf[ky dj fn;k
x;k] og liQy jgk vkSj lkalkfjd thou rks osQoy ,d kks[ks dh lkexzh gSA (3 % 185] vuq(i)
eqgEen iQk:d[kka
iQk:d[kka vkS j eqg Een vgen)
vkxokys vkSj ckxokys (tgUue okys vkSj tUur okys) dHkh leku ugha gks ldrs]
tUur okys gh liQy gSaA (59 % 20)
(ii)
2 -1 ej.kkskj thou esa lS D l&bLyke dh fo'ks "krk

;fn fo'okeks dh n`f"V ls ns[ksa rks yxHkx lHkh keks esa LoxZ&ujd dh vokkj.kk gSA rhuksa
lsesfVd erksa;gwnh] bZlkb;r vkSj bLyke esa] ^tUur* vkSj ^tgUue* dk o.kZu gSA exj ;gwnh vkSj
bZlkbZ er esa ej.kkskj ;kSu lq[kksa dh O;oLFkk ugha gSA
osQoy bLyke gh ,d ,slk er gS ftlesa fofHkUu Js.kh osQ tUurksa dk o.kZu gS tgk fd ej.kkskj
thou esa Hkh Hkjiwj ;kSu lq[kksa dh O;oLFkk gSA fgUnw keZ esa Hkh vPNs vkSj cqjs deZ djus okyksa osQ
fy, dekZuqlkj LoxZ vkSj ujd esa lq[k&nq[kksa dk fokku gS ijarq blesa Hkh ej.kkskj ;kSu lq[kksa dh dksbZ
O;oLFkk ugha gSA
ckS keZ] D;ksafd ej.kkskj thou dks gh ugha ekurk] blfy, blesa tUur vkfn dk o.kZu ugha gSA
vr% bLyke osQ vykok fdlh Hkh vU; keZ esa ej.kkskj thou esa Hkh vusdksa oqQokjh laqnfj;ksa osQ lkFk
fo"k;&Hkksxksa dk izkokku ugha gSA ej.kkskj lSDl osQoy bLyke dh fo'ks"krk gSA
2 -2 tUur ikus dk vfkdkjh dkS u \
4
vc lcls igyk iz'u mBrk gS fd tUur dkSu ik ldrk gS] dkSu ugha \ bls ikus osQ dkSu&dkSu
vfkdkjh gSa \ oqQjku vkSj gnhlksa osQ vuqlkj osQoy ,d eqlyeku dks gh tUur feysxk]
xSj&eqlyeku dks ughaA tSls osQoy eqlyeku gh tUur esa izos'k djsaxsA (eqf Lye] [kaM 1 % 205
o 209] i`- 76 o 78)
oqQjku osQ vuqlkj] eqlyekuksa esa Hkh osQoy rhu izdkj osQ yksx gh tUur osQ vfkdkjh gksaxsA
igyk vYykg vkSj iSxEcj eqgEen fo'oklh_ nwljk vYykg vkSj iSxEcj dk vkKkdkjh] lRdehZ vkSj
'kfj;rkuqlkj thou Hkksxh_ vkSj rhljk vYykg osQ fy, ^ftgkn* (;q) djus okykA
1 - vYykg vkS j iS xEcj eqgEen fo'oklh dks tUur
tks yksx bZeku yk, vkSj mUgksaus vPNs deZ fd,] mUgsa ge ,sls ckxksa (tUur) esa nkf[ky
djssaxs ftuosQ uhps ugjsa cg jgh gksaxh] tgk os lnSo jgsaxs (4 % 57 ,oa vU; 4 % 122 _ 9 % 72 _
(i)
10 % 9 _ 11 % 23 vkfnA)
tks dksbZ fdlh vU; dks vYykg dk lk>h Bgjk,xk ml ij rks vYykg us tUur gjke
(voSk) dj fn;k gS vkSj mldk fBdkuk tgUue gSA
(5 % 72)
(ii)
(iii)
iSxEcj us dgktks dksbZ izlUurkiwoZd vYykg dks viuk Lokeh] bLyke dks viuk keZ
vkSj eqgEen dks viuk iSxEcj eku ysrk gS] og fuf'pr :i ls tUur esa izos'k ikus dk vfkdkjh gks
tkrk gSA (eqfLye] [kaM 3 % 4645 _ i`- 1260)
(iv)
vYykg osQ iSxEcj us dgktks dksbZ bl fo'okl osQ lkFk ej x;k fd vYykg osQ vykok
vU; dksbZ iwT; nsork ugha gS] mls tUur feysxkA (eqfLye] [kaM 1 % 39 _ i`- 2324)
(v)
iSxEcj us dgkftczsy esjs ikl vk;k vkSj ;g lqlekpkj fn;k fd rqEgkjs mEekg esa ls tks
dksbZ fdlh vU; dks vYykg osQ lkFk tksM+s fcuk ej x;k] mls tUur feysxk ml ij vcw kj
(iz'udkkZ) us dgkD;k rc Hkh tc mlus pksjh vkSj ijL=khxeu fd;k gksA mUgksaus (ifo=k iSxEcj
us) mkj fn;k] (gk) Hkys gh mlus pksjh vkSj ijL=khxeu fd;k gksA iz'udkkZ us mlh iz'u dks rhu
ckj nqgjk;k vkSj iSxEcj us rhuksa ckj ogh mkj fn;kA (eqfLye] [kaM 1 % 171172 _ i`- 65)
blls Li"V gS fd tUur ikus osQ fy, osQoy vYykg vkSj eqgEen esa fo'okl djuk lnkpkjh
gksus ls Hkh c<+dj gSA
2 - vYykg vkS j iS xEcj eqgEen osQ vkKkdkjh ,oa lRdfeZ ;ksa dks tUur
vYykg fujkdkj gSA fdlh dks fn[kkbZ ugha nsrkA exj iSxEcj eqgEen yksxksa osQ lkeus ekStwn Fks]
blfy, oqQjku o gnhlksa esa iSxEcj osQ vkKkikyu ij cy fn;k x;k gS] tSls
gs bZeku okyks ! vYykg dh vkKk dk ikyu djks vkSj ^jlwy* dk dguk ekuks vkSj mudk
Hkh dguk ekuks tks rqeesa vfkdkjh yksx gSaA (4 % 59)
(ii) ftlus jlwy dk vkns'k ekuk] okLro esa mlus vYykg dk vkns'k ekukA (4 % 80)
(i)
5
(iii)
vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgktks dksbZ esjk vkKk ikyu djrk gS] okLro esa og vYykg dk
vkKk ikyu djrk gS vkSj tks dksbZ esjh voKk djrk gS] okLro esa og vYykg dh voKk djrk gS]
vkSj tks dksbZ beke (ftls eSa fu;qDr d:) dk vkKk ikyu djrk gS] okLro esa esjk vkKk ikyu
djrk gS] vkSj tks dksbZ beke dh voKk djrk gS] og esjh voKk djrk gSA (cq[kkjh] [kaM 9 % 251
_ i`- 189 _ ektkg] [ka M 4 % 2859_ i`- 191)
oqQjku Li"V dgrk gS fd tks vYykg vkSj iSxEcj dk vkKkikyu djrk gS] og tUur dk
vfkdkjh gks tkrk gS tSls
;s vYykg dh (fuf'pr dh xbZ) lhek, gSa] vkSj tks dksbZ vYykg vkSj mlosQ jlwy osQ
vkns'kksa dk ikyu djsxk] mls vYykg ,sls ckxksa (tUur)esa nkf[ky djsxk ftuosQ uhps ugjsa cg jgha
gksaxhA muesa og lnSo jgsxk vkSj ;gh cM+h liQyrk gS ijarq tks vYykg vkSj mlosQ jlwy dh voKk
djsxk] vkSj mldh lhekvksa dk mYya?ku djsxk mls vYykg vkx (tgUue) esa Mkysxk ftlesa og
lnSo jgsxkA (4 % 1314)
(v) fu'p; gh vYykg mu yksxksa dks] tks bZeku yk, vkSj mUgksaus vuqowQy deZ fd,] mUgsa ,sl s
ckxksa esa nkf[ky djsxk ftuosQ uhps ugjas cg jgha gksaxhA ogk os lksus osQ daxuksa vkSj eksrh ls vkHkwf"kr
fd, tk,xs vkSj ogk mudk ifjkku js'keh gksxkA (22 % 23] ,oa vU; vk;rsa3 % 15 _ 3 % 133 _
(iv)
5 % 12_ 5 % 19 _ 7 % 42 _ 10 % 26 vkfnA)
(vi)
vYykg
dk
Mj
j[kus
okyksa
osQ
fy,
tUur
dk
oknk
gSA
(13 % 35)
vr% tUur osQoy mlh eqlyeku dks feysxk tks osQoy vYykg dk iwtd vksj iSxEcj eqgEen
dk iwjk fo'oklh ,oa vkKkdkjh gks A og mUgsa iw.kZ leiZ.k djus okyk gksA ;gk ,d ckr vkSj le>us
dh gS fd bLyke esa lRdehZ ;k vuqowQy deZ djus okys dk vFkZ 'kfj;r osQ vuqlkj deZ djus okyk
gS] u fd osQoy lnkpkjh ,oa ijksidkjh vkfnA ik[kaMh eqlyeku dks Hkh tUur ugha feysxkA og
xSj&bZekuokyk tSlk gh gSA
lRdehZ gksus osQ fy, iSxEcj eqgEen dks viuk vkn'kZ iq:"k ekuuk] fnu esa ikp ckj eDdk dh
vksj eqg djosQ uekk i<+uk] izfro"kZ jekku osQ eghusa esa jkskk j[kuk] thou esa ,d ckj gt ;k=kk
djuk vkSj lkroha lnh dh vjch laaLfr dk v{kj'k% ikyudj thuk vkfn 'kkfey gSaA blesa Lora=k
fpUru ,oa foosdkuqlkj dksbZ fu.kZ; ysuk iwjh rjg oftZr gSA vr% vkt osQ Lora=k fpUru osQ ;qx esa
rFkk&dfFkr tUur dks ikus osQ fy, oqQjku vkSj gnhlksa osQ vkns'kksa dks v{kj'k% viukuk ;fn vlaHko
ugha] rks dfBu vo'; gSA
6
3- ftgkn vkSj tUur

3 -1 ftgkn djus okyksa dks tUur
n;kyq vYykg us tUur osQ Hkksx&foykl vkfn osQ lq[k pkgus okys eqlyekuksa osQ fy, ,d
lekkku lq>k;k gS] vkSj l'krZ ,d lkSnk fd;k gS fd ;fn os vYykg osQ ekxZ esa xSj&eqlyekuksa osQ
fo: viuh tku o eky lfgr ^ftgkn* ;kuh ^;q djsa* vkSj ;fn mlesa os ekjs tk, rks fuf'pr
gh mudks tUur feysxk vkSj ;fn os thfor jgs rks os foftrksa osQ L=kh] ku] laifk vkfn ls lalkj esa
lq[k HkksxsaxsA ;g vYykg dk muls oknk gSA nsf[k, vYykg dk lkSnk
fuLlansg vYykg us ^bZeku* okyksa ls muosQ izk.kksa vkSj muosQ ekyksa dks blosQ cnys esa [kjhn
fy;k gS fd muosQ fy, ^tUur* gS % os vYykg osQ ekxZ esa yM+rs gSa rks os ekjrs Hkh gSa vkSj ekjs Hkh
tkrs gSaA ;g vYykg osQ ftEes (^tUur* dk) ,d iDdk oknk gS ^rkSjkr* vkSj ^bathy* vkSj ôqQjku*
esa vkSj vYykg ls c<+dj vius okns dks iwjk djus okyk dkSu gks ldrk gS \ (9 % 111)
(i)
vkSj ;fn rqe vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ekjs x, ;k ej x,] rks vYykg dh {kek vkSj n;kyqrk
mu lc phtksa ls mke gS ftUgsa ;s yksx bdB~Bk djrs gSa vkSj ;fn rqe ejs ;k ekjs x,] vYykg gh
osQ ikl bdB~Bs fd, tkvksxsA (3 % 157158)
(ii)
vYykg Loa; ?kks"k.kk djrk gS fd tUur ikus osQ fy, ?kj ij cSBs ,d lnkpkjh eqlyeku dh
vis{kk ^vYykg osQ fy, ftgkn* djus okys dk LFkku tUur esa dgha vfkd mQpk gS] tSls
fcuk fdlh vkifk osQ cSBs jgus okys êksfeu* vkSj vius ku vkSj izk.kksa osQ lkFk vYykg
osQ ekxZ esa ^ftgkn* djus okys cjkcj ugha gks ldrsA vYykg us cSBs jgus okyksa dh vis{kk vius ku
vkSj vius izk.kksa ls ^ftgkn* djus okyksa dk ,d ntkZ cM+k j[kk gS vkSj gj ,d ls vYykg us HkykbZ
dk oknk fd;k gS] ijarq vYykg us cSBs jgus okyksa dh vis{kk ^ftgkn* djus okyksa dk cnyk c<+k
j[kk gSA (4 % 95)
(iii)
rks tks yksx lkalkfjd thou osQ cnys vkf[+kjr (ijyksd) dk lkSnk djsa mUgsa pkfg, fd
^vYykg osQ ekxZ esa* ;q djsaA tks vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ;q djsxk rks pkgs og ekjk tk, ;k fot;h
gks] mls ge 'kh?kz gh cM+k cnyk iznku djsaxsaA (4 % 74)
(iv)
gs bZeku okyks ! D;k eSa rqEgsa ,d ,slk O;kikj crkmQ tks rqEgsa ,d nq[kn ;kruk ls cpk ys
\ bZeku jD[kks vYykg vkSj mlosQ jlwy ij vkSj ^ftgkn djks vYykg osQ ekxZ esa*] vius ekyksa vkSj
(v)
7
viuh tkuksa lsA ;gh rqEgkjs fy, mke gS ;fn rqe Kku j[krs gksA og rqEgkjs xqukgksa dks {kek dj nsxk
vkSj rqEgsa ,sls ckxksa (tUur) esa nkf[ky djsxk ftlosQ uhps ugjsa cg jgha gksaxh----;gh cM+h liQyrk
gSA (61 % 1012)
;gh ckrsa gnhlksa esa nqgjkbZ xbZ gSa tSls
(i)
(ii)
iSxEcj us dgktUur ryokjksa osQ lk;ksa essa clrh gSA (cqjokjh] [kaM] 4 % 73 _ i`- 55)
iSxEcj us dgktks fdlh nwljs dh gR;k djrk gS] mldh lEifk gR;kjs dh gks tkrh gSA
(ektkg] [ka M 2 % i`- 182)
vr% tks dksbZ eqlyeku fdlh xSj&eqlyeku ls ^vYykg osQ fy, ftgkn* ;kuh ^;q* djrk gS]
og fuf'pr :i ls tUur esa izos'k dk vfkdkjh gks tkrk gSA vr% le>us dh ckr ;g gS fd ,d
rjiQ n;kyq vYykg tUur izkfIr dks thou dh liQyrk crkrk gS vkSj nwljh vksj ogh vYykg ,d
eqlyeku dks ,d xSj&eqlyeku }kjk bLyke vLohdkj djus ij mlls ;q djus ,oa mldh gR;k
djus osQ fy, vusd izyksHku nsrk gS rFkk ^tUur* nsus osQ cnys mldh tku dk lkSnk djrk gSA
vkf[kj vYykg xSj&eqfLyeksa dh tkuksa dk I;klk D;ksa gS \
3 -2 ftgkn esa lg;ksfx;ksa dks Hkh tUur
bruk gh ugha] vYykg osQoy Loa; ftgkn djus okyksa dks fu'p; gh tUur nsus dk oknk djrk
gS] cfYd mudks Hkh tUur nsus dk oknk djrk gS tks fd ftgkn esa Loa; Hkkx u ysdj Hkh ftgkn dh
liQyrk esa fdlh Hkh izdkj dk lg;ksx nsrs gSa] tSls fd] ftgkn osQ fy, gfFk;kj nsuk] vkfFkZd
lgk;rk djuk] vko';d lkku tqVkuk] ftgknh osQ ifjokj dh mldh vuqifLFkfr esa ns[kHkky djuk]
ftgkn osQ fy, ;qod&;qofr;k dks rS;kj djuk] mUgsa xkt+h cukuk] mUgsa izf'kf{kr djuk vkfnA
vk'p;Z dh ckr rks ;g gS fd vYykg vkSj iSxEcj eqgEen nksuksa gh] bl ckr ij cy nsrs gSa fd
izR;sd eqlyeku ftgkn lacakh fdlh u fdlh dke ls vo'; tqM+k gksA ;fn og oqQN u Hkh djs
ijarq ;fn lPps eu ls ?kj cSBs ftgkn djus dk ladYi Hkh dj ys rks Hkh og tUur dk gd+nkj cu
tkrk gSA nsf[k, izek.k
vYykg osQ nwr us dgktks dksbZ vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ;q djus okys dks gfFk;kj izkIr
djkrk gS rks mls fdlh HksnHkko osQ fcuk] ogh iqjLdkj feyrk gS tks fd fdlh ;ksk dks fn;k tkrk
gSA(ektkg] [kaM 4 % 2759 _ i`- 134)
(i)
(ii)
iSxEcj us dgktks dksbZ vYykg osQ ekxZ esa fdlh ;ksk dks ;q dh lkexzh fnykrk gS
rFkk ;q esa yM+us osQ dkj.k mldh vuqifLFkfr esa mlosQ ifjokj dh ns[kHkky djrk gS rks mlosQ ;s
dk;Z vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ;q djus osQ leku gSaA (nkmQn] [kaM 2 % 2503 _ i`- 695)
8
(iii)
vYykg osQ nsonwr us ?kks"k.kk dhtks dksbZ vYykg osQ ekxZ esa oqQN Hkh (mQV] HksM+] ku
vkfn) [kpZ djrk gS rks mls ^tUur osQ njokts* ij cqyk;k tk,xk rFkk ftgknh dks ^ftgkn }kj* ls
izos'k djk;k tk,xkA
(eq o V~V k % 995 _ i`- 212)
(iv)
iSxEcj us dgktks dksbZ vYykg osQ ekxZ esa tkus osQ fy, fdlh xkkh dks rS;kj djrk gS]
vkSj tks dksbZ vYykg osQ ekxZ esa tkus okys xkkh osQ vkfJrksa dh HkyhHkkfr ns[kHkky djrk gS rks mls
xkkh osQ gh leku iqjLdkj fn;k tk,xkA (cqjokjh] [kaM 4 % 96 _ i`- 68)
vcw gqjsjk us cryk;k fd vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgktks dksbZ vYykg vkSj mlosQ nwr esa
fo'okl j[krk gS rFkk uekt vkSj jksks j[krk gS] rks ;g vYykg dk dkZO; cu tkrk gS fd og mls
tUur esa izos'k djk,_ pkgs og vYykg osQ ekxZ esa yM+k gks ;k vius tUe LFkku ij cSBk jgk gksA
mUgksaus (yksxksa us) dgk fd D;k ge ;g 'kqHk lekpkj yksxksa dks ns nsa \ iSxEcj us dgk tUur dh
,d lkS Jsf.k;k gSa ftUgsa fd vYykg us muosQ fy, cuk;k gS tks ^vYykg osQ ekxZ esa* yM+rs gSa rFkk
budh nks Jsf.k;ksa osQ chp bruk varj gS ftruk fd kehu vkSj vkleku esasA blfy, tc rqe vYykg
ls ekxks rks ^fiQjnkSl tUur ekxuk* vkSj fu'p; gh ;g ^tUur* lcls mQpk vkSj foLr`r ^tUur* gS
vkSj blosQ mQij n;kyq vYykg dk flagklu gS tgk ls fd tUur dh ugjsa cgrh gSaA (fe'dr] [kaM
(v)
2 % 1 _ i`- 338)
(vi)
vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgktks dksbZ vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ;ksxnku Hkstrk gS vkSj vius ?kj ij
gh cuk jgrk gS] mls izR;sd fnjge (vjch flDdk) osQ cnys lkr lkS fnjge feysaxs vkSj tks dksbZ
Loa; vYykg osQ ekxZ esa yM+rk gS] vkSj bl dke osQ fy, [kpZ Hkh djrk gS mls izR;sd fnjge osQ
cnys lkj gkkj fnjge feysaxsA (fe'dr] [kaM 2 % 64 _ i`- 359360)
359360)
^^vcw elwn vy&valkjh us cryk;k fd ,d vkneh ukd ls cakh ,d mQaVuh ysdj vk;k
vkSj dgk fd ;g ^vYykg osQ ekxZ osQ fy, gSA* bl ij ifo=k iSxEcj us dgkrqEgsa blosQ cnys esa
(vii)
fd+;ker osQ fnu ,slh gh ukd ls ckh lkr lkS mQVfu;k feysaxhA** (fe'dr]
(fe' dr] [ka M 2 % 13 _ i`341342)
blosQ vykok] tks fdlh xSj&eqlyeku dks le>k cq>kdj ;k ok.kh ls (mins'k) nsdj bLyke esa
kekZfUrfjr djkrk gS rFkk bLyke osQ izpkj&izlkj osQ fy, dye ls i=k&if=kdkvksa esa ys[k ,oa iqLrosQa
fy[kdj ftgkn djrk gS] mls Hkh tUur feysxhA bl izdkj bLyke esa tUur nsus osQ uke ij eqfLye
lekt osQ lHkh oxks osQ yksxksa dks ftgkn dh fofHkUu xfrfofk;ksa esa ls] fdlh u fdlh ls] tqM+us dk
ckj&ckj vkg~oku fd;k x;k gSA
mijksDr gnhlksa ls lqLi"V gS fd tUur rks vYykg vkSj iSxEcj esa fo'okl] uekt] jksks] gt]
lnkpkj vkSj lRdeks ls Hkh fey ldrk gS] ysfdu og vfuf'pr vkSj cgqr vkRe la;e o lnkpkj
osQ ckn gh laHko gS ijarq xSj&eqlyekuksa dks ;q }kjk eqlyeku cukus vkSj muosQ ns'k dks bLykeh
jkT; cukus osQ fy, ;q (ftgkn) djus ij ikih vkSj nqjkpkjh O;fDr dks Hkh vYykg dh rjiQ ls
9
tUur dh xkjaVh gSA blosQ vykok ;g Hkh lqLi"V gS fd tUur ikus osQ fy, fdlh Hkh izdkj dh
ftgknh xfrfofk ls tqM+uk u osQoy ljy gS] cfYd mPprj Js.kh dk tUur feyuk Hkh lqfuf'pr gSA
3 -3 ftgkn dk ego
oqQjku vkSj gnhlsa xSj&eqlyekuksa osQ fo: ftgkn osQ egoksa] mldh fo'ks"krkvksa vkSj iqjLdkj osQ
:i esa] tUur osQ Hkksx&foyklksa osQ izyksHkuksa ls Hkjh iM+h gSaA Hkys gh os izyksHku >wBs] [kks[kys ,oa
lius ek=k gh D;ksa u gksa ! nsf[k, oqQN mnkgj.k
(i)
iSxEcj us dgk;fn dksbZ euq"; fdlh ftgkn esa fliZQ bruh nsj osQ fy, Hkkx ysrk gS
ftruk le; mQaVuh dk nwk fudkyus esa yxrk gS] rks og ^tUur ikus dk vfkdkjh gks tkrk gSA
(ektkg] [ka M 2 _ i`- 173)
ftgkn esa Hkkx ysus osQ fy, tks ;k=kk djrk gS vkSj ekxZ esa mls tks kwyd.k yxrs gSa] os
kwyd.k fd+;ker osQ fnu mlosQ fy, lqxak cu tk,xsA (ektkg] [kaM 2 _ i`- 167)
(ii)
(iii)
iSxEcj us dgkyM+kbZ osQ eSnku esa ,d jkr Hkh vYykg dk lSfud cudj] ?kj cSBs nks
gtkj o"kZ rd mldh izkFkZuk djus ls csgrj gSA (ektkg] [kaM 2 _ i`- 166)
(iv) iSxEcj us dgktks O;fDr leqh yM+kbZ esa 'kghnh ikrk gS] og eSnkuh yM+kbZ esa nks
'kghfn;ksa osQ cjkcj gksrh gSA (ektkg] [kaM 2 _ i`- 168)
(v)
iSxEcj us dgkftl fdlh us ,d ?kksM+s dks osQoy ^ftgkn* esa bLrseky osQ ms'; ls ikyk
gS rks mlosQ f[kyk, izR;sd nkus osQ cnys vYykg mls ,d&,d ln~xq.k nsxkA (ektkg] [kaM 2 _ i`172)
3 -4 ftgkfn;ksa dks vYykg osQ iqjLdkjksa dk vk'oklu

vYykg oqQjku esa ftgkfn;ksa dks iqjLdkjksa dk vk'oklu nsrk gS tSls
rks tks yksx lkalkfjd thou osQ cnys ^vkf[kjr* dk lkSnk djsa] mUgsa pkfg, fd os ^vYykg
osQ ekxZ esa ;q djsaA* tks vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ;q djsxk rks pkgs og ekjk tk, ;k fot;h gks] mls
tYn ge cM+k izfrnku iznku djsaxsA (4 % 74)
(i)
fcuk fdlh vkifk osQ cSBs jgus okys êksfeu* vius ku vkSj izk.kksa osQ lkFk vYykg osQ
ekxZ esa ^ftgkn* djus okys cjkcj ugha gks ldrsA vYykg us cSBs jgus okyksa dh vis{kk] vius ku
vkSj vius izk.kksa ls ^ftgkn* djus okyksa dk ,d cM+k ntkZ jD[kk gSA (4 % 95)
(ii)
vkSj tks dksbZ vius ?kj ls vYykg vkSj mlosQ ^jlwy* dh vksj ^fgtjr* djus fudys]
fiQj mldh e`R;q vk tk,] rks mldk izfrnku vYykg osQ ftEes gks x;kA (4 % 100)
(iii)
tks yksx ^bZeku* yk, vkSj ^fgtjr* dh vkSj vYykg dh jkg esa vius eky vkSj viuh
tkuksa ls ^ftgkn* fd;k] vYykg osQ ;gk (muosQ fy,) cM+k ntkZ gS vkSj ogh gSa tks liQyrk izkIr
djus okys gSaA mUgsa mudk ^jc* 'kqHk&lwpuk nsrk gS] viuh n;kyqrk vkSj jkkeanh dh] vkSj ,sls ckxkssa
(iv)
10
(tUur) dh ftuesa muosQ fy, LFkk;h lq[k gSa] muesa os lnSo jgsaxsA fulansg vYykg osQ ikl cM+k
cnyk (buke) gSA (9 % 2022)
vkSj ftu yksxksa us vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ?kj&ckj NksM+k] fiQj dRy dj fn, x;s ;k ej x;s]
vYykg
mUgsa
vPNh
jkskh
iznku
djsxkA
(v)
(22 % 58)
(vi)
iSxEcj us dgktks O;fDr izlUurk ls vYykg dks viuk Lokeh] ^bLyke* dks viuk
ekgc] eqgEen dks viuk iSxEcj eku ysrk gS] og fu'p; gh ^tUur* esa ?kqlus dk vfkdkjh gks
tkrk gS----(fiQj) Hkh ,d ,slk dk;Z gS tks ^tUur* esa Hkh mldh Js.kh dks lkS xquh mQpk mBk nsrk gS
vkSj bl ,d Js.kh dh mQpkbZ nwljs ls bruh vfkd gksrh gS ftruh fd i`Foh ls ysdj vkleku rd---og dk;Z gS \----^vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ftgkn* ! ^vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ftgkn* ! (eqfLye] [kaM 3
%
i`- 1260)
4645]
,d vkneh] tks [ktwj [kk jgk Fkk us] iSxEcj eqgEen ls iwNk ;fn eSa ftgkn ls ekjk
tkmQa rks dgk tkmQxk \ iSxEcj us tokc fn;k tUur esaA ml vkneh us ([ktwj fcuk [kk,) mUgsa
isQad fn;k vkSj ;q esa yM+k] tc rd fd ekjk ugha x;kA (eqfLye] [kaM 3 % 4678]
(vii)
i`- 1266)
tks dksbZ vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ;q djus tkrk gS] ml ij ^bZeku* ykrk gS vkSj vius
iSxEcj dh lPpkbZ;ksa dks ekurk gS] mldh leL;kvksa dk lkjk ftEek vYykg us ys j[kk gS] mldh
ns[kHkky dh ftEesnkjh vYykg dh gS vkSj og mls ;k rks (ejus ij) ^tUur* fnyok nsrk gS ;k
(thfor jgus ij) mls fiQj mlosQ ?kj okfil yk,xk] iqjLdkj (vFkok ekys xuher) lfgrA
(viii)
(eq f Lye] [ka M 3 % 4626 i`- 1256)
ftgkn osQ mijksDr iqjLdkjksa dk fo'okl dj ;fn ubZ ih<+h&f'kf{kr ;k vf'kf{kr] lHkh ,d vPNk
lnkpkjh eqlyeku cuus dh vis{kk ^ftgknh* xfrfofk;ksa dh vksj vkdf"kZr gksrh gS rks blesa vk'p;Z
D;k gS \ okLrfod fLFkfr ;g gS fd bLyke esa ftgkn }kjk tUur dh xkjaVh vkSj ogk lSDl vkSj
ywV osQ izyksHku bLyke osQ izlkj osQ lcls cM+s dkj.k jgs gSaA ^ftgkn* bLyke dk vfHkUu vax gS ;k
;wa dgas fd ^ftgkn* gh bLyke gS] vkSj bLyke gh ftgkn gS] rks vuqfpr u gksxkA ftgkn vkSj tUur
dh tksM+h osQ fcuk bLyke dk dksbZ vfLrRo ugha gSA
11
4- fi+Qnk;hu geys xSj&bLykeh

4 -1 D;k fi+Qnk;hu geys Hkh ftgkn gS a \
xr oqQN o"kks ls dV`jiaFkh ,oa ftgknh laxBuksa us vius jktuSfrd ms';ksa dh iwfrZ osQ fy,
fiQnk;hu (vkRe?kkrh) geyksa dk jkLrk viuk;k gqvk gSA ;s vkRe?kkrh geys] fo'ks"kdj] 1984 osQ
ckn ls] ^ftgkn* osQ uke ij lkjs fo'o esa lfozQ; gSAa ;s geys vtsVkbuk ls ysdj vythfj;k]
ozQksf'k;k] phu] baMksusf'k;k] vejhdk] viQ+xkfuLrku] bZjkd] ;w- osQ] blzkby] Hkkjr o ikfdLrku vkfn
ns'kksa esa vke ckr gSaA okaf'kxVu ,tsUlh (tkx 2424 -4 -2008) osQ vuqlkj 18-4-1983 ls 2007 rd
vkRe?kkrh geyksa esa bDdhl gtkj rhu lkS ipkl fujijkk yksx ekjs x, rFkk ipkl gtkj ls vfkd
?kk;y gq, gSaA vejhdh fo'ks"kKksa osQ vuqlkj osQoy 2007 esa gh fo'o esa 856 geys gq,A blh rjg
bLykeh ns'k ikfdLrku esa vosQys 2007 esa 56 vkRe?kkrh geys gq,] ftuesa ogk dh iwoZ izkkuea=kh
csukhj HkqV`ks (27 fnlEcj 2007) lfgr] 1158 yksx ekjs x,A Hkkjr esa Hkh 1991 ls ysdj 102
geyksa esa ls] 98 tEew&d'ehj esa gq,A (ik;ks- 2121- 3- 2008)
4 -2 bLyke esa Hkh vkRegR;k iki
bLyke esa Hkh] vU; keks osQ leku] vkRegR;k dks ,d fuanuh; R; ekuk x;k gSA ifo=k iSxEcj
eqgEen us dgktks dksbZ fdlh pht ls vkRegR;k djrk gS] mls fd+;ker osQ fnu mlh ls naM fn;k
tk,xkA (fe'dr] [kaM- 2 % i`- 497) rFkk tks dksbZ canwd ls vius dks ekjrk gS (fd+;ker osQ
fnu) nksk[k+ esa mldh canwd mlosQ gkFk esa gksxh vkSj og mlls vius isV esa ekj jgk gksxkA
(fe'dr] [ka M- 2 % 55 _ i`- 498) vr% bLyke osQ vuqlkj ,d fiQnk;hu (vkRe?kkrh) nksk[k+ ;k
tgUue esa tk,xkA

izkjafHkd bLyke esa vkRe?kkrh geyksa dh izFkk ugha FkhA bl fuUnuh; dk;Z dh izsj.kk f}rh;
fo'o;q (1944&45) esa tkikuh ^dkehdkts ifr* ls yh xbZ izrhr gksrh gS tc ,ulkbu vkSxkck
vkfn us 11 ebZ 1945 dks ;w- ,l- ,l- cadj fgy ij vkRe?kkrh geyk fd;k ftlesa 2600 esa ls
372 vejhdh lSfud ekjs x,A (tula?k VqMs] ekpZ ] 2008)
bLykeh dV`jiafFk;ksa us bl fofk dks 'kk;n blfy, pquk D;ksafd ;g fofk de [kphZyh] 'k=kq dks
vfkd gkfudkjh o izHkko'kkyh vkSj vkarfdr dj euksoSKkfud nokc cukus okyh gS] Hkys gh blls
jktuSfrd ms'; rRdky iwjk liQy u gksA
12
4 -3 fiQnk;hu geys vekuoh; ,oa xS j&bLykeh

dV`jiaFkh laxBu bu vkRe?kkrh geyksa dks Hkys gh vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ^ftgkn* crykrs gksa] ijarq
okLro esa vkRe?kkrh geys xSj&bLykeh gSa D;ksafd ;s ^ftgkn* dh ikjEifjd ifjHkk"kk osQ foijhr gSaA
tSlsftgkn eqlyekuksa dks vPNk eqlyeku cuus vkSj xSj&eqlyekuksa dks bLyke viukus osQ fy, dh
tkrh gSA ftgkn esa igys xSj&eqlyekuksa dks bLyke Lohdkjus dh nkor nh tkrh gS vkSj osQoy bLyke
vLohdkjus ij gh muls ;q djus dh vkKk nh xbZ gSA blosQ vykok ftgkn esa cPpksa ,oa fL=k;ksa dks
dRy djuk euk gSA (eqf Lye] [kaM- 3 % 4294 _ i`- 1137)A ijarq ;s vkRe?kkrh geys tks xSj&eqfLye
ns'kksa esa ogk osQ HkhM+&HkkM+ okys bykdksa] cktkjksa] lkoZtfud LFkkuksa] muosQ iwtk x`gksa] eafnjksa] ppksZ]
lkoZtfud okguksa] jsyxkfM+;ksa] clksa] Vkeksa vkfn esa djus ls rks ogk lHkh keks osQ fujijkk L=kh] iq:"k]
cPps vkfn lHkh ekjs tkrs gSaA Hkkjr] ;w-osQ-] vejhdktSls xSj&bLykeh ns'kksa esa] tgk fofHkUu keks osQ
yksx jgrs gSa] xSj&eqlyekuksa osQ lkFk eqlyeku vkSj muosQ L=kh] cPps vkfn lHkh ekjs tkrs gSaA ijarq
'kfj;r osQ vuqlkj ,d eqlyeku dk nwljs eqlyeku }kjk ekjk tkuk xSj&bLykeh gSA blfy,
vkRe?kkrh geys oqqQjku] ftgkn vkSj 'kfj;r lHkh dh ekU;rkvksa osQ fo: gksus osQ dkj.k xSj&bLykeh
gSaA vr% vYykg Hkh ,sls vkRe?kkfr;ksa dks tUur ugha] cfYd tgUue nsxkA ijarq vk'p;Z gS fd dksbZ
Hkh eqYyk] ekSyoh vkSj bLyke dk fo}ku bl vekuoh;] owzQj] t?kU; vkSj xSj&bLykeh oqQR; dh
lkoZtfud fuank ugha djrk gSA
13
5- tUur dk Lo:i ,oa thou

5 -1 tUur dk HkkS frd Lo:i
bLykeh keZxzaFkks osQ vuqlkj tUur vfr foLr`r gS ftlesa yk[kksa] yksx LoPNanrk ls jg ldrs gSaA
muosQ fy, lksus&pknh ls cus jRutfM+r o cgqeaftys Hkou gSaA 'kq"d izns'k] vjc osQ fuokfl;ksa dks]
tUur esa HkjHkwj ty vkSj gfj;kyh feyus dk Hkjkslk fnyk;k x;k gS ,oa oqQjku esa LoPN ty dh
ufn;k] ugjsa] p'esa vkSj ckxksa lacakh ipklksa vk;rs gSaA ogk ?kuh Nk;knkj isM+ksa osQ vusd ckx&cxhpsa
gSa ftuesa fofHkUu izdkj osQ iQy vkSj esokvksa tSls vukj] tSrwu] [ktwj] osQys osQ o`{kksa osQ vykok vaxwj
vkfn dh csysa Hkh gSa (2 % 66)A bu o`{kksa ij yVdus okys iQy brus uhps gSa fd tUur okys vklkuh
ls
rksM+dj
budk
jlkLoknu
dj
ldrs
gSa
(47 % 15)A tUur esa 'kkdkgkjh o xSj&'kkdkgkjh] lHkh izdkj osQ Hkkstuksa dh deh ugha gSA lkalkfjd
lq[kksa dh izR;sd oLrq ogk i;kZIr ek=kk esa ekStwn gSA ;gk dk ekSle lnkcgkj gS] u vfkd xehZ] u
vfkd lnhZA
nsf[k, oqQN izek.k
(i)
ml tUur dh vksj c<+ks ftldk foLrkj vkdk'kksa vkSj kjrh tSlk gSA (3 % 133 _ 57 %
21)
bu ckxksa esa ifo=k fuokl x`gksa dk oknk gSA (9 % 22 _ 32 % 19)A vyckk tks yksx
vius jc ls Mjdj jgs muosQ mQijh eafty ij d{k gksaxs ftuosQ mQij Hkh fufeZr d{k gksaxsA (39 %
(ii)
20)
fuLlansg Mj j[kus okys ^ckxksa* vkSj (LoPN ikuh osQ) lzksrksa esa gksaxsA izos'k djks buesa
fuHkZ;rk iwoZd lykerh osQ lkFkA (15 % 4546)
(iii)
vYykg osQ nsonwr ls iwNk x;ktUur dh uhao fdl pht dh gS\ mUgksaus mkj
fn;k,d bV lksus dh vkSj ,d bV pknh dh vkSj mldk xkjk rst b=kksa vkSj eksfr;ksa vkSj iUuk osQ
iRFkjksa dk gS vkSj bldh feV~Vh osQlj dh gSaA (fe'dr] [kaM- 4 % 18 _ i`- 166)
(iv)
vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgktUur osQ ,d lkS njokks gSaA izR;sd nks njokkksa osQ chp bruh
nwjh gS ftruh fd t+ehu vkSj vkleku osQ chp vkSj buesa ls fiQjnkSl dk njokkk lcls mQij gSA
tUur dh pkj izeq[k ufn;k ogk ls gh fudyrh gSa vkSj mlosQ mQij vYykg dk flagklu gSA
(v)
(fe'dr] [ka M- 4 % 6 _ i`- 161)
14
iSxEcj us dgktUur esa ,d isM+ gS ftldh Nko esa ,d iqQrhZyk vkSj rst nkSM+us okyk
?kqM+lokj ,d lkS o"kks rd nkSM+us osQ ckn Hkh ml (nwjh dks) iwjk u dj losQxkA (eqfLye] [kaM- 4
(vi)
% 6786 i`- 1779_ fe'dr] [ka M- 4 % 4 _ i`- 160)

(vii)
vYykg osQ nwr us dgktUur esa ,slk dksbZ isM+ ugha gS ftldk ruk lksus dk u gksA
(fe'dr] [ka M- 4 % 19 _ i`- 166)
vcw gqjsjk us cryk;k fd iSxEcj us dgk fd tUur dh ufn;ksa esa lSgku] tSgku] ;wizsQVl
vkSj uhy vkfn ufn;k gSaA (eqfLye] [kaM- 4 % 6807 _ i`- 1784_ fe'dr] [kaM- 4 % 16] i`- 165)
;kuh orZeku bjkd dh ;wiszQVl vkSj feJ dh uhy unh Hkh tUur esa gSA vk'p;Z gS!
(viii)
vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgktUur esa ikuh] 'kgn] nwk vkSj efnjk dk ,d&,d leq gS]
ckn esa muls ufn;k fudysaxhA** (fe'dr [kaM- 4 _ 38] i`- 175)
(ix)
lkj dh ckr ;g gS fd tUur esa vjc tSls] ty vkSj gfj;kyh U;wu] 'kq"d izns'k esa jgus okys
cnk;wuksa osQ fy, thou dh os lHkh lqfokk, Hkjiwj ek=kk esa ekStwn gSa tks fd vjsfc;k esa cgqr de ;k
fcYoqQy ugha gSaA D;k e:LFkyh izns'k osQ jgus okyksa osQ fy, tUur osQ ;s izyksHku xSj&eqlyekuksa osQ
fo: yM+us osQ fy, i;kZIr ugha Fks \
5 -2 tUur dk thou
bLyke us eqlyekuksa dks xSj&eqlyekuksa osQ fo# ^ftgkn* (;q) djus osQ cnys esa u osQoy
tUur dh xkjaVh nh gS cfYd mu lHkh vlhfer] lq[kksa dh Hkh xkjaVh nh gS] tks os pkgsaA blesa fdlh
izdkj dh dksbZ lhek ;k caku ugha gSA oqQjku (43 % 71) osQ vuqlkj ogk (tUur esa) og gj phk
gksxh ftls vkRek, pkgsa vkSj vk[ksa ftlls yTtr ik, vkSj rqe mlesa lnSo jgksxsA vYykg osQ
mijksDr izdkj osQ vk'okluksa osQ vkkkj ij jlwyqYykg us dgk % fuf'pr :i ls rqeus tks pkgk gS
(tUur esa) mlls nqxquk feysxkA vcw lS;n us dgk fd rqeus tks pkgk mldk (tUur esa) nl xquk
feysxk (c;kr] i`- 6)
vcw gqjsjk osQ vuqlkj iSxEcj us dgk fd Lo;a vYykg dgrk gS fd eSaus vius fu"Bkoku
vuq;kf;;ksa osQ fy, (tUur esa) os lqfokk, iznku dh gSa ftUgsa igys fdlh vk[k us ns[kk ugha] fdlh
dku us lquk ugha vkSj u fdlh O;fDr us mudh dHkh dYiuk dh gksxhA (c;kr] i`- 5)
tUur osQ thou dh ,d >kdh oqQjku vkSj gnhlksa osQ fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ls lqLi"V gSfiQj og
ogk u cw<+k gksxk] u mldk 'kjhj {kh.k gksxk vkSj u og ogk dHkh chekj iM+sxkA ogk og u ejsxk
rFkk vuUr dky rd toku gh jgdj tUur osQ Hkksxfoyklksa dk vkuan ysrk jgsxkA ogk dksbZ Hkh
oqQokjk ugha jgsxk rFkk gj ,d dh tUur dh cM+h&cM+h dkyh vk[kksa okyh vfr lqanj gwjksa ls 'kknh
djk nh tk,xhA og ogk lksus&pknh osQ cus Hkouksa esa viuh ifRu;ksa osQ lkFk fufoZ?u ,dkUr eas vkuan
ls jgsxkA ;gk mls [kkus dks vusdksa izdkj osQ Lokfn"V Hkjiwj] Hkkstu ,oa ihus dks Nydrs tke]
cf<+;k 'kjkc ,oa is; feysaxs ftUgsa lqanj vkHkw"k.kksa ,oa vkd"kZd js'keh diM+ksa ls lqlfTtr lqanj fd'kksj
15
?kwe&?kwedj mUgsa is'k djsaxsA tUur okys gh ugha] cfYd tUur dh gwjsa vkSj ;s fd'kksj (fxyeku) Hkh
vYykg dh nh gqbZ vk;q osQ gh cus jgsaxsA tUur okys js'keh diM+s igus o ghjs] tokgjkr ,oa lksus
osQ vkHkw"k.kksa ls lqlfTtr ps r[rksa ij viuh ifRu;ksa osQ lkFk rfd;k yxk, cSBdj Lokfn"V Hkkstu
,oa enekrh 'kjkc dk vkuan ysaxsA ?kweus&fiQjus osQ fy, mUgsa rst xfr ls nkSM+us okys ?kksM+s feysaxs]
rFkk fcuk ewY; fn, euilan phtsa ikus osQ fy, cktkj Hkh gksaxsA mUgsa izlUu j[kus osQ fy, fL=k;k
xkus xk,xh] ogk u dekus dh fpark gksxh vkSj u dksbZ vHkko gksxkA u dksbZ >xM+k&fiQlkn] u
eu&eqVkoA bl izdkj eqlyekuksa dks ,d ckj xSj&eqfLyeksa osQ fo# ^ftgkn* djus osQ iQyLo:i
tUur esa mUgsa ftu lq[kksa dk izyksHku fn;k x;k gS_ mUgsa os lkalkfjd thou esa dHkh Hkh] fdlh izdkj
izkIr ugha dj ldrs gSaA nsf[k, oqQN izek.k
fdlh eqlyeku dh ^ftgkn* esa ejrs le; vk;q oqQN Hkh D;ksa u gks] tUur esa vYykg
mldks iPphl&rhl o"kZ tSlk ukStoku cuk nsxkA (fe'dr] [kaM 4 % 27 _ i`- 168)
(i)
fuLlansg usd yksx (tUur dh) userksa esa gksaxsA elunksa ij ls ns[k jgs gksaxs] rqEgsa muosQ
psgjksa ls userksa dh rkkxh vkSj NVk dk vuqHko gks jgk gksxkA mUgsa [kkfyl 'kjkc fiykbZ tk jgh gksxh
tks eqgjcUn gksxhA eqgj mldh eq'd dh gksxh] c<+&p<+dj vfHkyk"kk djus okyksa dks bldh
vfHkyk"kk djuh pkfg, vkSj mlesa ^rluhe* dk feJ.k gksxkA gky ;g gS fd og ,d lzksr gS ftl
ij
cSBdj
lkehI;
izkIr
yksx
fi,axsA
(ii)
(83 % 2228)
muosQ fy, tkuh&cw>h jkskh gS] esos gSaA vkSj mudk lEeku fd;k tk,xk user&Hkjh ^tUurksa
esa] r[rksa ij vkeus&lkeus cSBs gksaxs_ fuFkjh cgrh ('kjkc osQ lzksr) ls e| Hkj&Hkjdj muosQ chp
fiQjk, tk;saxs] mTtoy] ihus okyksa osQ fy, vkLokn] u mlesa dksbZ [kjkch gksxh vkSj u os mlls
erokys gksaxs vkSj muosQ ikl fuxkgsa cpkus okyh] (ykhyh) lqanj vk[kksa okyh fL=k;k gksaxh] ,slh
(fueZy) ekuksa fNis gq, vaMs gSaA
(34 % 41&49)
(iii)
vyckk vYykg osQ mu cUnksa dh ckr vkSj gS tks mlosQ pqus gq, gSaA muosQ fy,
tkuh&cw>h jkskh gS] esos] vkSj mudk lEeku fd;k tk,xkA user Hkjh tUurksa esa] r[rksa ij
vkeus&lkeus cSBs gksaxs % fuFkjh cgrh ('kjkc osQ lzksr) ls e| Hkj&Hkjdj muosQ chp fiQjk, tk,xs]
mTtoy] ihus okyksa osQ fy, vkLokn] u mlesa dksbZ [kjkch gksxh] u os mlls erokys gksaxsA vkSj
muosQ ikl fuxkgsa cpkus okyh] lqanj vk[kksa okyh fL=k;k gksaxh ,slh (fueZy) ekuks fNis gq, vaMs gSaA
(iv)
(37 % 40&49)
40&49)
vkSj Mj j[kus okyksa osQ fy, fu'p; gh vPNk fBdkuk gS] lnSo jgus dh ^tUursa*] ftuosQ
}kj muosQ fy, [kqys gksaxs] muesa] os rfd;k yxk, cSBs gksaxs] ogk os [kwc esos vkSj is; eaxokrs gksaxs
vkSj muosQ ikl fuxkgsa cpk, j[kus okyh (ythyh) lek;q] fL=k;k gksaxhA ;g gS og oqQN ftldk]
^fglkc osQ fnu* osQ fy, rqels oknk fd;k tk jgk gSA ;g gekjk fn;k gqvk gS] ftldk dHkh var u
gksxkA (38 % 49&54)
(v)
16
(vi)
tks gekjh ^vk;rksa ij bZeku* yk, vkSj êqfLye* Fksnkf[ky gks tkvks ^tUur* esa iwjh
[kqf'k;ksa osQ lkFk rqe vkSj rqEgkjs la?kkrh (ifRu;k)A ml (tUur okyksa) osQ vkxs lksus dh r'rfj;ksa
vkSj I;kysa xfnZ'k djsaxs] vkSj ogk gj og pht gksxh vkRek, ftls pkgsa vkSj vk[ksa ftlls yTkr ik,
vkSj rqe mlesa lnSo jgksxs vkSj ;g og ^tUur* gS ftlosQ rqe okfjl cuk, x, mu deks osQ cnys
esa tks rqe djrs FksA rqEgkjs fy, ;gk cgqr ls esos gSa ftUgsa rqe [kkvksxsA (43 % 6973)
(vii)
fu'p; gh vYykg dk Mj j[kus okys ,sls LFkku esa gksxsa s tgk dksbZ [kVdk u gksxkA ckxksa
vkSj ty&lzksrksa osQ chp irys vkSj xk<+s js'keh oL=k igusaxs] vkSj ,d&nwljs osQ vkeus&lkeus gksaxsA ;g
gksxk ! vkSj ge mudk fookg cM+h vkSj lqanj vk[kksa okyh ije :iorh fL=k;ksa ls dj nsaxsA os ogk
fuf'pUrrkiwoZd gj izdkj osQ esos ryc djrs jgsaxsA ogk os e`R;q dk ekk dHkh u p[ksaxs] cl igyh
e`R;q (nqfu;k esa) tks vk pqdh og vk pqdhA (44 % 5157)
(viii)
ml ^tUur* dk gky ;g gS fd ftldk ok;nk Mj j[kus okyksa ls fd;k x;k gS] mlesa
ikuh dh ugjsa gSa ftlesa lMkWk ugha] vkSj nwk dh ugjsa gSa ftudk ekk cnyk ugha] vkSj 'kjkc dh
ugjsa gSa tks ihus okyksa osQ fy, Lokfn"V gSa vkSj lkiQ&lqFkjs 'kgn dh ugjsa gS _ vkSj muosQ fy, ogk
gj izdkj osQ iQy gS vkSj {kek muosQ ^jc* dh vksj lsA
(47 % 15)
(ix)
fu'p; gh Mj j[kus okys ckxksa vkSj userksa esa gksaxs tks oqQN muosQ jc us mUgsa fn;k gksxk]
mldk vkuan ys jgs gksaxs vkSj bl ckr ls fd muosQ jc us mUgsa HkM+drh gqbZ vkx ls cpk
fy;keks ls [kkvks vkSj fi;ks bu deks osQ cnys esa tks rqe djrs jgs gksA iafDrc r[rksa ij
rfd;k yxk, gq, gksaxs vkSj ge cM+h vk[kksa okyh gwjksa (ije :iorh fL=k;ksa) ls mudk fookg dj
nsaxsA tks yksx bZeku yk, vkSj mudh larku us Hkh bZeku osQ lkFk mudk vuqlj.k fd;k] mudh larku
dks Hkh ge muls feyk nsaxs vkSj muosQ deZ esa ls oqQN Hkh de djosQ mUgsa ugha nsaxsA gj O;fDr
viuh dekbZ osQ cnys esa cakd gS vkSj ge mUgsa esos vkSj ekal] ftldh os bPNk djsaxs fn, pys
tk,xsA os ogk vkil esa I;kys gkFkksa&gkFk ys jgs gksaxs ftlesa u dksbZ csgwnxh gksxh vkSj u xqukg ij
mHkkjus okyh dksbZ ckr vkSj mudh lsok esa lqjf{kr eksfr;ksa osQ ln`'k fd'kksj nkSM+rs fiQjrs gksaxs tks
[kkl mUgha (dh lsok) osQ fy, gksaxsA (52 % 1724)
(x)
vkSj tks dksbZ vius ^jc* osQ vkxs [kM+s gksus ls Mjk] mlosQ fy, nks m|ku gSa]------os iSQyh
gqbZ Vgfu;ksa okys gSaA----buesa nks lzksr izokfgr gSa----buesa gj esos nks&nks izdkj osQ gSaA----os ,sls fcNksuksa ij
rfd;k yxk, gSa ftuosQ vanj osQ fgLls nchk js'ke osQ gSa vkSj bu m|kuksa osQ iQy uhps yVd jgs
gSaA----buesa fuxkg cpk, jgus okyh (yTtkorh) fL=k;k gSa ftUgsa buls igys u fdlh euq"; us gkFk
yxk;k vkSj u fdlh ^ftUu us----(lqanjrk esa) ekuks os ykyef.k vkSj izoky gSaA----blosQ flok nks m|ku
vkSj Hkh gSa----os cgqr gh gjs&Hkjs gSa----buesa nks mcyrs lzksr gSa----buesa esos] [ktwj vkSj vukj gSa----buesa
Hkyh vkSj lqanj fL=k;k gSa----lqanj vk[kksa okyh (e`xuSuh) ije :iorh fL=k;k gS] [kseksa osQ Hkhrj Bgjh
jgus okyh----ftUgsa buls igys u fdlh euq"; us gkFk yxk;k gS vkSj u fdlh ^ftUu* us----og
17
gjh&Hkjh elunksa vkSj vPNs&vPNs dkyhuksa ij Vsd yxk, gq, gSa crkvks rqe vius ^jc* osQ dkSu ls
peRdkj dks >qBykrs gks \
(55 % 4677)
(xi)
rks nkfgus gkFk okys (lkSHkkX;'kkyh)] oSQls gksaxs nkfgus gkFk okys !----ogh (vYykg) osQ
fudVorhZ gSa] userHkjh tUurksa esa gksaxsA vxyksa esa ls rks cgqr&ls gksaxs] fdUrq fiNyksa esa ls de ghA
tfM+r r[rksa ij] rfd;k yxk,] vkeus&lkeus gksaxs_ muosQ ikl fd'kksj gkssaxsA tks lnSo fd'kksjkoLFkk gh
esa jgsaxs] I;kys vkSj vkiQrkos (tx) vkSj fo'kq is; ls Hkjk gqvk ik=k fy, fiQj jgs gksaxsftl (osQ
ihus) ls u rks mUgsa fljnnZ gksxk vkSj u gh mudh cqf esa fodkj vk,xk vkSj Lokfn"V iQy tks os
ilan djsa_ vkSj i{kh dk ekal tks os pkgsa] vkSj cM+h vk[kksa okyh gwjsa] ekuks fNik, gq, eksrh gksaA ;g
lc mlosQ cnys esa mUgsa izkIr gksxk tks oqQN os djrs jgsA ----jgs lkSHkkX;'kkyh yksx_ ---os ogk gksaxs
tgk fcu dkVks osQ csj gksaxs] vkSj xqPNsnkj osQys_ nwj rd iSQyh gqbZ Nko_ cgrk gqvk ikuh_ cgqr&lk
Lokfn"V iQy ftldk flyflyk VwVus okyk u gksxk] vkSj u ml ij dksbZ jksd&Vksd gksxhA mPpdksfV
osQ fcNksus gksaxs_ (vkSj ogk mudh ifRu;ksa dks) fu'p; gh ,d fo'ks"k mBku ij mBk;k vkSj geus
mUgsa oqQaokfj;k cuk;k_ izse n'kkZus okyh vkSj le vk;qA (56 % 837)
(xii)
vukl us cryk;k fd vYykg osQ nwr us dgktUur esa ,d cktkj gS tgk tUuroklh
izR;sd 'kqozQokj dks ;gk vk,saxsa tgk dh gok ls os vkSj vfkd lqanj gks tk,xsA
(fe'dr] [ka M- 4
% 7] i`- 161&162 _ eq f Lye] [ka M- 4 % 6792 _ i`- 1781)

(xiii)
vcw gqjsjk us lwfpr fd;k fd vYykg osQ nsonwr u dgk fdtUur esa jgus okyksa osQ cky
o nk<+h ugha gksaxsA mudh tokuh dHkh lekIr ugha gksxhA os 30 ls 33 o"kZ osQ gh jgsaxs vkSj u muosQ
diM+s gh iqjkus gksaxsA (fe'dr] [kaM 4 % 2627] i`- 168)
(xiv)
vyh us cryk;k fd vYykg osQ nwr us dgktUur esa fu'p; gh ifo=k vk[kksa okyh
fL=k;ksa dk ,d ,dhdj.k gksxk tks ,slh vkokt esa cksysaxh ftls dHkh lquk ugha x;kA os dgsaxh ge
lnSo thfor jgsaxh vkSj dHkh ugha ejsaxh vkSj ge vkuan vkSj le`f esa jgsaxh] deh vHkko easa ugha
vkSj ge larq"V jgsaxh vkSj dHkh vlarq"V ugha jgasxhA [kq'k fdLer os yksx gSa tks gekjs fy, gSa vkSj
ftuosQ fy, ge gSaA (fe'dr] [kaM 4 % 37 i`- 174)
vcw lS;n dgrk gS fd vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgk fd tc dksbZ tUuroklh larku pkgsxk
rks mldk xHkZkkj.k] tUe vkSj fodkl ,d ?kaVs esa gks tk,xkA (fe'dr] [kaM 4 % 36 % i`- 174)
(xv)
rks vYykg us mUgsa iziqQYyrk vkSj izlUurk ls lEiUu fd;k] vkSj tks lc mUgksaus fd;k Fkk
mlosQ cnys esa mUgsa ^tUur* vkSj js'keh diM+s iznku fd,_ os ogk u lw;Z dk riu ns[krs gSa vkSj u
dM+kosQ dk tkM+k] vkSj ogk mu ij Nk;k iM+ jgh gS vkSj mlosQ esos >qdkdj fcYoqQy o'k esa dj
fn, x, gSa] vkSj muosQ ikl xfnZ'k dj jgsa gSa pknh osQ crZu vkSj vkc[kksjs fcYoqQy 'kh'ks gks jgs gSa]
'kh'ks pknh osQ ftUgsa Bhd&Bhd vUnkts ls j[kk gS vkSj mUgsa ogk ,sls e| dk iku djk;k tkrk gS tks
kTtchy (lksaB) feykdj rS;kj fd;k x;k gS] ;g ogk dk ,d lzksr gS ftls ^lYlchy* uke fn;k
(xvi)
18
tkrk gS] muosQ ikl ,sls yM+osQ vk tk jgs gSa ftudh voLFkk lnk ,d gh jgsxhA rqe mUgsa ns[kks rks
le>ksxs fd fc[kjs eksrh gSa] vkSj ogk ns[kks rks rqEgsa fn[kkbZ nsxk ije lq[k vkSj egku jkT;] muosQ
ij ckjhd gjs js'keh diM+s gSa vkSj nchk js'keh diM+s Hkh vkSj os pknh osQ oaQxuksa ls vkHkwf"kr fd,
x, gSa vkSj mUgsa muosQ jc us LoPN is; fiyk;kA (76 % 11&21) cw<s+ u gksus okys yM+dksa dk ;g
iqQlykus okyk o.kZu lwjk (52) eas Hkh feyrk gSA
fuLlansg Mj j[kus okyksa osQ fy, cM+h liQyrk gSckx gSa] vkSj vaxwj vkSj uo;qofr;k
leku vk;q okyh vkSj Nydrk e|&ik=k] os ogk cdokl ugha lqusaxs vkSj u dksbZ >wB cnyk gS rqEgkjs
^jc* dh vksj ls&iqjLdkj fglkc lsA (78 % 31&36)
(xvii)
fuLlansg usd yksx vkuan esa gksaxs] ph elunksa ij ls ns[k jgs gksaxs] rqEgsa muosQ psgjksa ls
vkuan lq[k dh rktxh dk vuqHko gks tk,xkA mUgsa [kkfyl 'kjkc fiykbZ tk jgh gksxh tks eqgj can
gksxhA eqgj mldh eq'd dh gksxh (83 % 22&26)
(xviii)
(xix)
eqfde c- ekSfc;k us cryk;k fd vYykg osQ nwr us dgktUur esa ,d ikuh dk] ,d
'kgn dk] ,d nwk dk vkSj ,d is; dk leqnz gSA buls ufn;k fudysaxhA (fe'dr] [kaM 4 % 38] i`175)
tkaosj us lwfpr fd;k fd ,d vkneh us iSxEcj ls iwNk fd D;k tUur osQ yksx lks,xs \
mUgksaus mkj fn;k uhan e`R;q dk HkkbZ gS vkSj tUur osQ yksx ejsaxs ugha (fe'dr] [kaM 4 % 653 00)
(xx)
;kuh tUur osQ yksx lks,xs ugha_ 'kk;n Hkksxfoykl esa gh yxs jgsaxsA
5 -3 'kjkc dk vkuUn
tUur esa ihus okyksa osQ fy, 'kq 'kjkc dh ufn;k cg jgh gSaA vkd"kZd iks'kkdksa ls ltskts
;qod fofHkUu izdkj dh 'kjkc fy, ijksl jgs gSaA yksx viuh ifRu;ksa (lqanj gwjksa) osQ lkFk 'kjkc dk
vkuan ys jgs gSaA dHkh okafNr 'kjkc dk fxykl [kqn vk tkrk gS vkSj ckn esa [kqn okfil pyk tkrk
gSA
vcw mekekg us dgk fuLlansg tUur dk O;fDr] tUur dh gh 'kjkc ihuk pkgsxkA rc ,d
fxykl mlosQ gkFk esa vk tk,xkA og ml fxykl ls ('kjkc) fi,xk vkSj lekIr (gksus ij) ;g
fxykl viuh txg okfil igqp tk,xk (bUc vch nqf u;k)A c;kr fy[krk gS fd tUur esa ihus
okys dks 'kq 'kjkc feysxh tks u u'kk djsxh vkSj u ftlls fljnnZ gksxk (i`- 8)
;gk le>us dh ckr ;g gS fd oqQjku esa vYykg 'kjkc dks xqukg crkrk gS (2 % 219) vkSj
dgrk gS ^rqe efnjk ls cpks rkfd rqe liQy gks ldksA (5 % 90)
blh izdkj gnhlksa esa iSxEcj eqgEen 'kjkc dks gjke dgrs gSa
(i)
izR;sd u'khyk is; gjke gS(ektkg] [kaM&4 % 3388] i`- 489)
19
mej osQ vuqlkj] iSxEcj us dgktks dksbZ bl nqfu;k esa 'kjkc ihrk gS] og nwljh
nqfu;k (tUur) esa 'kjkc ugha fi,xkA (ektkg] [kaM&4 % 3373] 4] i`- 482)
(ii) bCu
(iii)vCcw
gqjsjk osQ vuqlkj iSxEcj us dgkog tks 'kjkc dk vknh gS] og ,d ewfrZiwtd osQ
leku gS---og tks 'kjkc dk vknh gS og tUur esa nkf[ky ugha gksxk (ektkg] [kaM 4 % 3375&76]
i`- 483)
(iv)iSxEcj
dh
us dgku'khys inkFkZ er fivks D;ksafd fuLlansg ;g lcls cqjk deZ gS---lc cqjkb;ksa
tM+
'kjkc
gS
(ektkg]
[ka M
4 % 3371] i`- 481)
ijarq vk'p;Z gS fd tks vYykg oqQjku esa vkSj iSxEcj eqgEen gnhlksa esa] 'kjkc ihus dks gjke
dgrs gSa] os gh tUur esa xSj&eqlyekuksa ls ^ftgkn* djus okys eqlyekuksa osQ fy, iqjLdkj osQ :i esa
'kjkc dh ugjsa cgkrs gSa] rFkk mUgsa eqgjcan] [kkfyl vkSj ^rlyhe*&feJ.k dh 'kjkc fiykrs gSa]
ftlls u u'kk gksrk gS] vkSj u fljnnZ !
5 -4 lUrku dk lq[k
vcw lbZn [kqnjh osQ vuqlkj jlwyqYykg us dgktc dksbZ bZeku okyk O;fDr tUur esa ,d
larku pkgrk gS rks xHkkZkku] tUe vkSj cPps dk (rsra hl o"kZ rd) fodkl rRdky gks tk,xkA
(frjfekh]
c;kr]
i`- 49)A c;kr vkxs fy[krk gS fd fo}kuksa esa bl ckr esa erHksn gS fd tUur esa cPpk gksxk ;k ughaA
bCu dkfFkj dgrk gS] rkSl] eqtkfgn vkSj bczkfge vu[kh dk er gS fd tUur esa lSDlqvy laHkksx
fcuk cPps dk tUe gksxk vkSj ;g Bhd gSA nwljs tUur esa cPpk ugha gksxk D;ksafd ogk bldh t:jr
ugha gksxhA bl nqfu;k esa cPps dk tUe ekuo tkfr dks pkyw j[kus osQ fy, vko';d gS] tcfd
tUur esa ms'; ^yacs vjls rd vkuan Hkksxuk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd tUur esa laHkksx f;k esa
'kqk.kqvksa dk L[kyu ;kuh oh;Zikr ugha gksrk gS D;ksafd blls vkuan lekIr gks tkrk gSA fiQj Hkh ;fn
tUur osQ yksx cPps pkgsaxs rks os cPps rRdky ik,xs D;ksafd oqQjku (16(16- 31) esa dgk gS fd ^muosQ
fy, ogk og lc oqQN gksxk tks os pkgsaxsA (c;kr] i`- 49&50)
5 -5 Hkkstu O;oLFkk
vcw gqjsjk osQ vuqlkj jlwyqYykg us dgk tUur osQ lcls fupys ry ij osQ O;fDr osQ ikl
lkr eaftysa gksaxh vkSj og lkrosa ry osQ uhps NBs ry ij gksxkA mlosQ ikl rhu lkS ukSdj Hkh gksaxs
tks fd mlosQ fy, lqcg vkSj 'kke rhu lkS [kkus dh IysVsa yk,xsA IysVsa lksus vkSj pknh dh cuh gksaxh
vkSj izR;sd IysV esa ,d&nwljs ls fHkUu izdkj dk [kkuk gksxkA og vkf[kjh IysV osQ Lokn dk vkuan
igyh IysV osQ leku mBk,xkA ukSdj mlosQ fy, rhu lkS Xykl Hkh yk,xs vkSj izR;sd fxykl osQ is;
dk izdkj nwljs ls fHkUu gksxkA og vkf[kjh fxykl osQ is; dk vkuan igys fxykl osQ leku mBk,xk--tUur esa gj O;fDr dh mldh lkalkfjd chfc;ksa osQ vykok gwjksa esa ls cgkj chfo;k Hkh gksaxh vkSj
muesa ls ,d dh pkSM+kbZ ,d ehy dh gksxhA (vgen] vcw ;kyk] c;kr] i`- 36&37)
20
5 -6 xkuk&ctkuk
bc mej osQ vuqlkj jlwyqYykg us dgkfulansg tUur osQ yksxksa dh chfo;k vius ifr;ksa osQ
fy, vR;Ur lqjhyh vkokt esa xk,xhA muosQ xkuksa esa 'kSrku osQ ok| laxhr gksaxsA (rcjkuh] c;kr] i`31&32)
31&32)
5 -7 vkus&tkus osQ lkku

(i) 'kqiQh
bCu ekVh osQ vuqlkj jlwyqYykg us dgkfuLlansg tUur osQ bukeksa esa ls ,d ;g
gksxk fd tUur osQ yksx rsk xfr ls nkSM+us okys tkuojksa ij ,d&nwljs dks feyus tk,xsA muosQ fy,
yxke vkSj thu ls ySl (lokjh osQ fy, rS;kj) ,d ?kksMk+ yk;k tk,xkA ;g ?kksM+k u xkscj djsxk
vkSj u is'kkcA os bl ?kksMs+ ij lokjh djosQ tgk vYykg pkgsxk] ogk igqpsxkA (bCu vch nqfu;k]
c;kr] i`- 46)
vCnqj jgeku] tks ?kksM+ksa dk izseh Fkk] us iSxEcj ls iwNkD;k tUur esa ?kksM+s gksaxs \ mUgksaus
mkj fn;k;fn vYykg rqEgsa tUur esa nkf[ky djkrk gS rks rqEgsa eksrh dk cuk ,d ?kksM+k feysxk
ftlosQ nks ia[k gksaxsA ;g ?kksM+k Hkh rqe tgk tkuk pkgksxs] ys tk,xkA(rcjkuh] c;kr] i`- 8)
(ii)
5 -8 eu ilUn dh iks'kkd
bCu vkch nqfu;k osQ vuqlkj tUur esa ,d isM+ gS ftlosQ iQy vukj osQ leku gksaxsA tc dHkh
vYykg dk dksbZ fe=k diM+ksa dh bPNk djsxk rks ;g isM+ vius vki mls lkj fofHkUu jaxksa osQ diM+ksa
osQ tksM+s HksaV djsxkA (mlosQ viuh ilan osQ diM+s pquus osQ ckn) og isM+ viuh txg ij okfil
pyk tk,xkA (c;kr] i`- 7)
5 -9 [ksr h dh lqfokk
vcw gqjsjk osQ vuqlkj jlwyqYykg tc ckr dj jgs Fks rks muosQ ikl ,d xzkeh.k cSBk FkkA
jlwyqYykg us dgk fd tUur esa ,d O;fDr [ksrh djus osQ fy, vYykg dh vkKk ekxsxkA vYykg
blls dgsxk D;k tks rqe pkgrs gks rqEgsa ugha feyk gS \ og tokc nsxk ^gk*A ysfdu eSa [ksrh djuk
ilan djrk gwA og viuh i+Qly cks,xk vkSj ,d {k.k esa gh og i+Qly cM+h vkSj dkVus ;ksX; gks
tk,xhA (dkVus osQ ckn) og i+Qly igkM+ksa osQ leku cM+h gksxhA (c;kr] i`- 9)
21
6- tUur dh gwjksa dk lkSU n;Z

6 -1 tUur dh fL=k;k
bLyke osQ fo}ku eqrh tqcSj c;kr us eSfMUl vkWiQ iSjkMkbk (tUur dh gwjsa) uked viuh
iqLrd] ftls lHkh eqlyeku ekurs gSa] esas fy[kk gS fd tUur esa nks izdkj dh fL=k;k gksaxhA ekuoh;
fL=k;k vkSj gwjsaA vYykg ^^tUur osQ lkSan;Z dh n`f"V ls lkalkfjd fL=k;ksa dh nqckjk jpuk djsxkA**
(c;kr] i`- 11)
tSlk fd oqQjku (56 % 35) esa lqLi"V gSgeus mUgsa (,d ubZ) n`f"V osQ :i esa cuk;k vkSj
geusa mUgsa oqQekjh] izs;lh vkSj cjkcj dh mez dk cuk;k rFkk fuEufyf[kr gnhl osQ vuqlkj
vYykg cw<+h vkSjrksa dks toku cuk,xk vkSj xSj&oqaQokfj;ksa dks oaaqQokjhA pkgs os bl nqfu;k esa oSQlh
Hkh fn[krh gksa] vYykg mUgsa tUur dh lqanjrk osQ vuq:i lc izdkj ls [kwclwjr vkSj fiz;n'khZ
cuk,xkA (li+Qokr vr&rlhj] 3@309_c;kr] i`- 11)
"Allah will make old women into young women and non-virgins into virgins. No
matter how their appearance was in this world, Allah will make them all beautiful and
good looking in accordance to the beauty of Jannat." (Safwat At-Tafasir 3/309Darul Qalam, Beirut, Bayat p.11)
exj iz'u mBrk gS fd bl nqfu;k dh L=kh dks tUur esa D;k

feysxk \ bl fo"k; esa c;kr (iì`- 11&12)
11&12 fy[krk gSeqrh egewn ls iwNk x;k fd ;fn iq#"kksa
dks tUur esa gwjsa feysaxh rks (bl nqfu;k dh) fL=k;ksa dks D;k feysxk \ mlus mkj fn;kbZeku okyksa
dh fL=k;k vius ifr;ksa osQ lkFk jgsaxhA ftu fL=k;ksa us bl lalkj esa dHkh 'kknh ugha dh mUgsa tUur esa
fdlh vius ilan osQ oqQokjs iq#"k ls 'kknh djus dh NwV nh tk,xhA ;fn os muesa ls fdlh dks Hkh
ilan u djsa rks muosQ fy, (gwjksa osQ leku) ,d fo'ks"k iq#"k dh jpuk dh tk,xh vkSj vYykg mu
nksuksa dks 'kknh }kjk feyk nsxkA (iQrok egewfn;k] 5@298)
"Mufti Mahmud was asked that if men will receive hurs, what will women receive
? He replied that the wives of the believers will stay with their own husbands.
Women who never married in this world will be given a choice to get married with
any (unmarried) man they wish. If they do not like any of them, a special man will be
22
created for them (similar to the hurs) and Allah will join both of them in marriage."
(Fatawa Mahmudiya 5/298)
vYykek ,syqlh Hkh viuh rlhj esa dgrk gS fd fdlh iq#"k dh bl nqfu;k dh iRuh tUur esa
Hkh mldh iRuks jgsxhA (#gwy ekuh] 25@136_ nkj byg;k ,r&rkS jkFk] vy&vjkch] cS # r] c;kr] i`12)
"Allama Alusi also mentions in his tafsir that a person's wife in this world will remain his wife in the
Hereafter." (Ruhul Ma a 'ni 25/136, Da r Ilhya AtAt-Ta w ra th AlAl-Ara bi, Beirut, Ba ya t, p. 12)
6 -2 lkalkfjd L=kh vkS j gwj esa dkS u csgrj \

,d gnhl esa mEeh lykek us jlwyqYykg ls iwNk fd gwjksa vkSj lkalkfjd fL=k;ksa esa ls dkSu csgrj
gS \ mUgksaus mkj fn;kbl lalkj dh fL=k;k gwjksa ls csgrj gksaxh tSlkfd fdlh iks'kkd esa vanj osQ
vLrj dh vis{kk ckgjh exth (ykbfuax) T;knk mke gksrh gS D;ksafd lkalkfjd fL=k;ksa us lykg
(uekt)] jkskk vkSj vYykg dh iwtk o bcknr dh gSA vYykg muosQ psgjksa ij uwj (jks'kuh) vkSj
cnu ij js'keh iks'kkd Mkysxk (ekuoh; fL=k;k) jax&:i esa mTtoy gksaxh vkSj gjs jax dh iks'kkd
vkSj ihyh ToSyjh igusaxhA vkfn (rcjkuh] c;kr] i`- 12)
Umme Salama narrates that she said to Rasulullah, "O Rasulullah ! are the
women of this world superior or the hurs ?" He replied, "The women of this world will
have superiority over the hurs just as the outer lining of garment has superiority over
the inner lining." Umme Salama" then asked, "O Rasulullah ! what is the reason for
this ?" He answered, "Because they performed salah, fasted, and worshipped
(Allah). Allah will put light on their faces and silk on their bodies. (The human
women) will be fair in complexion and will wear green clothing and yellow jewelry."
(Tabrani, Bayat, p. 12)
nwljh izdkj dh fL=k;k LoxZ dh gksaxh tks gwjs&vk;u dgyk,xh vkSj ftudh jpuk tUur esa
vkus okys iq#"kksa osQ fy, fo'ks"kdj dh xbZ gSA gwj ,d vfr laqnjh] xksjs jax dh vkSj vR;Ur dkyh
vk[kksa okyh ;qorh gksrh gS----------vYykg bl lalkj dh fL=k;ksa dks gwjksa ls vfkd lqna j vkSj
vkd"kZd cuk,xkA (c;kr]
c;kr] ià- 13)
13
"The second type of women will be those celestial women specially created for
the people of Jannat known as the hur a'yn. A Hur is a young, beautiful, fair skinned
woman with intensely dark eyes. Another interpretation is that there will be a sharp
contrast between the whiteness and darkness of her eyes which is considered to be
very beautiful.
Or it could also mean that her beauty will dumbfound and astonish others. The
meaning of a'yn is a woman with big, attractive eyes, which is also considered a sign
of beauty." (Hadiyul Arwah 259-Darul Kutub At rabi, Beirut)
"Allah will make the women of this world more beautiful and attractive than the
hurs" (Bayat, p. 13)
23
;fn ,slk gh gS rks ftgknh vkSj fiQnk;hu ;qod tUur esa gwjs ikus osQ fy, xSj&eqlyekuksa dh
gR;k ,oa jDrikr D;ksa djrs gSa \ ;fn lkalkfjd fL=k;k gwjksa ls T;knk lqanj gSa rks ftgknh yksx gwjksa dks
ikus osQ fy, brus ykykf;r D;ksa jgrs gSa \ 'kk;n os bl lR; dks ugha tkurs gSa] rFkk eqYyk yksx Hkh
bl lPpkbZ dks mUgsa ugha crkrs gSaA
6 -3 tUur dh gwjksa dh lqan jrk
oqQjku esa gwjksa osQ lkSan;Z dk foLr`r o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA] tSls muosQ fy, ogk ikd&lki+Q tksM+s
gksaxs (2 % 25) muosQ ikl fuxkgsa cpkus okyh] (ythyh) lqanj vk[kksa okyh fL=k;k gksaxh ,slh
(fueZy) ekuks fNis gq, v.Ms gSa vFkkZr~ os vR;ar lqanj gksaxhA uoh lYyk us crk;k fd mudh
dkseyrk ,oa lqoqQekjrk ml f>Yyh tSlh gksxh tks v.Ms osQ fNyosQ vkSj mlosQ xwns osQ chp gksrh gSA
muosQ ikl fuxkgsa cpk, j[kus okyh (ythyh) lek;q fL=k;k gksxh (38 % 52)A vkSj geus cM+h
vkSj lqanj vk[kksa okyh ije :iorh fL=k;ksa ls budk fookg dj fn;k gS (52 % 20)A buesa fuxkg
cpk, j[kus okyh (yTtkorh) fL=k;k gSa ftUgsa muls igys u fdlh euq"; us gkFk yxk;k gS] vkSj u
fdlh ftUu us] ekuks (lqanjrk esa) os yky ekf.kD; vkSj izoky gSaA buesa Hkyh vkSj lqanj fL=k;k gSa
ftUgsa buls igys u fdlh euq"; us gkFk yxk;k gS] u ftUu usA os gjh&gjh elunksa vkSj vPNs&vPNs
dkyhuksa ij Vsd yxk, gq, gSa (55 % 56&76)A cM+h vkSj lqanj vk[ksa okyh (e`x uSuh) ije
:iorh fL=k;k tSls fNis gq, eksrh---geus mUgsa oqQekjh cuk;k gS] izs;lh vkSj lek;q (56 % 22&23_
36&37) fuLlansg Mj j[kus okys osQ fy, liQyrk ckx gSa vkSj vaxwj vkSj uo;qofr;k leku vk;q
okyh vkSj Nydrk e| ik=k (78 % 31&34)A vkSj ge mudk fookg cM+h vkSj lqanj vk[kksa okyh
ije :iorh fL=k;ksa ls dj nsaxsA (44 % 54)
ijarq gnhlksa esa gwjksa dh lqanjrk dk o.kZu cgqr c<+k&p<+kdj fd;k x;k gS] tSls
vYykg us gwj vkSj #ch] (yky eksrh) eas rqyuk ikjnf'kZrk dh n`f"V ls dh gSA ftl izdkj
dksbZ O;fDr yky ef.kd osQ vkjikj ns[k ldrk gS] mlh izdkj og gwjksa osQ 'kjhj vkSj Ropk dh
LoPNrk vkSj dkseyrk osQ dkj.k mlosQ vkjikj ns[k ldrk gSA blh izdkj gwjh dh NksVs&NksVs eksfr;ksa
ls rqyuk mudh dkseyrk] xksjsiu ,oa fiz;nf'kZrk osQ dkj.k dh xbZ gSA (c;kr] i`- 16_ liQokr
l iQokr vr
(i)
rlhj] 3@30)
drknkg osQ vuqlkj ;s lHkh fL=k;k ckgjh vifo=krkvksa tSls ekfld keZ] is'kkc] ik[kkuk]
vkSj Fkwd vkfn ls eqDr gksaxhA ;s lHkh vkarfjd nqxZ.kksa tSls }s"k] feF;kpkj] vdkj.k 'kiFk ysuk]
nq"pfj=krk vkfn ls Hkh nwj gksaxhA bl izdkj muesa vius ifr;ksa osQ izfr ys'kek=k Hkh voKkdkfjrk ugha
gksxhA (c;kr] i`- 15)
(ii)
(iii)
c;kr (iì`- 21)

21 ij fy[krk gS fd tUur osQ yksxksa dh fL=k;ksa osQ Lru iw.kZ fodflr (iqQy
czsfLVM) gksaxs tks fd leku vk;q dh gksaxh (78 % 33)A bu fL=k;ksa osQ Lru vukj dh rjg xksy
gksaxs vkSj os dHkh <yosQa xs ugha (mHkjs gh jgsaxs) D;ksafd ;s fL=k;k dHkh cw<+h ugha gksxhA
24
"And the people of Jannat will have full breasted women who will be equal in
age" (78 : 33). The breasts of these women will be round like pomegranates and
they will never sag down because these women will never become old." (Bayat, p.
21)
(iv)
bl fo"k; esa vCnqYyk bCu elwn crykrk gS fd jlwyqYykg us dgktUur esa izR;sd O;fDr
dh gwjksa esa ls nks ifRu;k gksaxhA izR;sd iRuh lkj rgksa dh iks'kkd igus gksaxh vkSj bldh tkuq dh
vfLFk bu diM+ksa esa ls ns[kh tk ldrh gS tSls fd fdlh lisQn fxykl esa ls yky jax dk is; ns[kk
tk ldrk gSA (c;kr] i`- 20] rcjkuh)
vcw lbZn [kqnjk us cryk;k fd jlwyqYykg us dgk tUur esa ,d O;fDr mBus ls igys
lkj xksa ij lkj o"kks rd ysVs gq, vkjke djsxkA rc ,d gwjh mlosQ ikl vkdj vkSj mlosQ oaQkksa
ij FkiFkik,xhA og gwjh osQ xkyksa ls viuk psgjk ,d lkiQ 'kh'ks osQ leku (psgjs dh ped vkSj
fueZyrk
osQ
dkj.k)
ns[ksxkA
(vgen
vcw
;kyk]
c;kr]
(v)
i`- 18)
(vi)
lS;n vej dgrk gS mlus jlwyqYykg dks ;g dgrs lquk ;fn tUur dh dksbZ L=kh (gwj)
i`Foh dh vksj ns[ksxh rks og i`Foh dks dLrwjh dh lqxUk ls Hkj nsxh vkSj (mldh lqanjrk) dk
izdk'k pkn vkSj lwjt dh jks'kuh ls Hkh vfkd gksxkA (rcjkuh] cktkj] c;kr] i`- 17)
(vii)
vukl crykrk gS fd jlwyqYykg us dgk vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ,d lqcg ;k ,d 'kke
yxkuk bl nqfu;k vkSj tks oqQN mlosQ vanj gS] ls csgrj gSA tUur esa ,d gkFk osQ cjkcj txg ikuk
Hkh bl nqfu;k ls T;knk vPNk gSA ;fn tUur dh ,d gwj i`Foh dh vksj >kad Hkh ys rks og tUur
vkSj i`Foh osQ chp dh nwjh dks dLrwjh dh lqxUk vkSj izdk'k ls Hkj nsxhA mlosQ flj dk :eky
(ikuk Hkh) bl nqfu;k ls csgrj gSa (rckjh] c;kr] i`- 17)A ;fn ,d gwjh dk #eky bruk egoiw.kZ
gS rks Lo;a gwjh fdruh ewY;oku gksxh !
vuoj 'ks[k us viuh iqLrd ^bLykfed ftgkn* (iì`- 45&46)
[kaM 2 %
45&46 esa gnhl frjfe?kh ([ka
35&40)
35&40 osQ vkkkj ij fy[kk gS fd %
(viii)
gwj ,d vR;fkd lqanj ;qok L=kh gksrh gS ftldk 'kjhj ikjn'khZ gksrk gSA mldh gM~fM;ksa esa
cgus okyk nzO; blh izdkj fn[kkbZ nsrk gS tSls :ch vkSj eksfr;ksa osQ vanj dh js[kk, fn[krh gSaA og
,d ikjn'khZ lisQn fxykl esa yky 'kjkc dh Hkkfr fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA
(i)
mldk jax lisQn gS] vkSj lkkkj.k fL=k;ksa dh rjg 'kkjhfjd dfe;ksa tSls ekfld keZ]
jtksfuo`fk] ey o ew=k foltZu] xHkZkkj.k bR;kfn lacafkr fodkjksa ls eqDr gksrh gSA
(ii)
og ,d ,slh L=kh gS tks fouez gksrh gS vkSj dkfrykuk n`f"V j[krh gS_ og vius ifr osQ
vfrfjDr fdlh vU; iq#"k dks dHkh ugha ns[krh rFkk vius ifr dh iRuh gksus osQ dkj.k rKrk dk
vuqHko djrh gSA
(iii)
25
izR;sd gwj ,d ,slh ;qorh L=kh gksrh gSa tks vgadkj vkSj }s"k Hkko ls eqDr gksrh gSA blosQ
vfrfjDr og I;kj dk vFkZ le>rh gS vkSj mls O;ogkj esa ykus dh ;ksX;rk Hkh j[krh gSA
(iv)
gwj ,d ,slh vej L=kh gksrh gS tks dHkh o`k ugha gksrhA og fouezrk ls cksyrh gS vkSj
vius ifr osQ lEeq[k viuh vkokt ph ugha mBkrh_ og lnSo mlls lger jgrh gSA foykflrk esa
iyh gksus osQ dkj.k og Lo;a foykflrk gh gksrh gSA
(v)
izR;sd gwj fd'kksj o; dh dU;k gksrh gSA mlosQ mjkst mUur vkSj cM+s gksrs gSaA gwjsa HkO;
ifjljksa okys egyksa esa jgrh gSaA
(vi)
gwj osQ o`kkar osQ ckjs esa nsf[k,] fd fe'dr [k.M 3 osQ i`"Bksa (83&97
83&97)
83&97 esa D;k fy[kk gS
gwj ;fn tUur esa vius vkokl ls i`Foh dh vksj ns[ks rks lkjk ekxZ lqxafkr vkSj izdkf'kr
gks tkrk gSA
(vii)
gwj dk eq[k niZ.k ls Hkh vfkd pednkj gksrk gS] rFkk mlosQ xky esa dksbZ Hkh izfrfcac
ns[k ldrk gSA mldh gM~fM;ksa dk nzO; vk[kksa ls fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA
(viii)
izR;sd O;fDr tks tUur esa tkrk gS mldks 72 gwjsa nh tk,xhA tc og tUur esa izos'k
djrk gS] ejrs le; mldh mez oqQN Hkh gks] ogk rhl o"kZ dk ;qod gks tk,xk vkSj mldh vk;q
vkxs ugha c<+sxhA
(ix)
;g ;ku nsus ;ksX; ckr gS fd os iq#"k tks brus ikS#"k okys gSa] mudk >qdko izse&izlax osQ
vfrfjDr vkSj dgha ugha gksxkA blh dkj.k bLyke osQ vuqlkj dkeokluk dh r`fIr thou dk vafre
y{; gS vkSj bl izdkj ,d eqlyeku dk n`f"Vdks.k dkeksiHkksx&mUeq[kh gks tkrk gSA
6 -4 tUur esa fdruh ifRu;k
oqQjku esa vYykg ckj&ckj Hkjkslk fnykrk gS fd tUur esa izos'k djus okyk dksbZ iq#"k oqaQokjk
ugha jgsxkA ge mldh mlosQ cjkcj vk;q dh gwjksa ls 'kknh djk nsaxsA (44 % 54)A ijarq ogk ifRu;ksa
dh la[;k Li"V ugha dh xbZ gSA exj cgqopu&gwjksa 'kCn ls ,d ls vfkd ifRu;ksa dk laosQr vo';
gSA ysfdu gnhlksa esa tUur esa ifRu;ksa dh la[;k nks ls ysdj cgkj gkkj rd dgh xbZ gSA ijarq
bLyke osQ lHkh fo}ku vkerkSj ij cgkj ifRu;ksa dh la[;k dks vo'; ekurs gSa
(i) iSxEcj
us dgk] tUur esa izR;sd iq#"k dh nks ifRu;k gksaxh vkSj muesa vkil esa fojksk ugha
gksxk vkSj muosQ fnyksa esa nq'euh ugha gksxhA (eqfLye] [kaM4 % 6797] i`- 1782)
(ii)vcw lbZn crykrk gS fd jlwyqYykg us dgktks Hkh O;fDr tUur osQ lcls uhps ry ij
gksxk mlosQ ikl vLlh gkkj ukSdj vkSj cgkj ifRu;k gksaxhA mlosQ jgus osQ fy, ekf.kd] ewaxk vkSj
#fc;ksa ls cuk egy rS;kj fd;k tk,xk (ftldh yEckbZ vkSj pkSM+kbZ) mruh gksxh ftruh fd
vytkfo;k (lhfj;k) ls lkuk (;eu) dh nwjh (yxHkx 2150 fdeh-) gSA
(c;kr]
i`37&38_ frjfekhZ ] bCu fgCcu)
26
Abu Said narrates that Rasulullah said, "The person who will be in the lowest
level of Jannat will have 80,000 servants and 72 wives. A palace made of pearls,
emeralds, and rubies will be raised for him [whose length and width) will be the
distance between AI-Jabiyah (a city in Syria) and Sana (a city in Yemen"
The distance between these two cities is approximately, 2150 kilometers. Thus,
we can imagine how great and big this palace will be! (Tirmidhi, Ibn Hibban, Bayat,
pp. 37-38)
(iii)vcwgqjsjk
crykrk gS fd jlwyqYykg us dgktUur esa ,d iq#"k dks bl lalkj dh ifRu;ksa

osQ vykok cgkj gwjsa Hkh mldh ifRu;k gksaxh vkSj muesa ls ,d dh pkSM+kbZ ,d ehy gksxhA (vgen
vcw ;kyk] c;kr] i`- 36&37)
Abu Hurayrah narrates that Rasulullah said : "The person of Jannat will also have
72 wives from the hurs besides his wives from the world, and one of them will have
the width of one mile." (Ahmed, Abu Ya'la, Bayat, pp. 36-37)
Bayat explains that the inhabitants of Jannat will be enlarged in size in order to
gain maximum pleasure from the luxuries of Jannat. This hadith also proves that
one's wife in this world will remain his wife in the hereafter.
(iv)vCnqj
jgeku fcu lkfcr us dgkfu'p; gh tUur esa ,d iq#"k ikp lkS gwjksa] pkj gtkj
Dokfj;ksa vkSj vkB gtkj igys ls fookfgr fL=k;ksa ls fookg djsxkA og muesa ls izR;sd osQ lkFk
lgokl djsxk tc rd fd og bl nqfu;k esa thfor jgsxkA (csgkdh] c;kr] i`- 37)
"Abdur Rahman bin Sabit said, "Definitely, a person in Jannat will marry 500
hurs, 4,000 virgins, and 8,000 previously married women. He will have sexual
intercourse with each one for as long as he lived in this world." (Bayhaqi, Bayat, p.
37)
(v) eqYyk
vyhdkjh osQ vuqlkj cgkj ifRu;ksa dh loksZke O;k[;k rks ;g gksxh fd nks ifRu;k
bl lalkj dh vkSj lkj tUur dh gwjksa esa ls gS (fe'dr] 9@600_ c;kr] i`- 38)
"Mulla Ali Qari says that the best interpretation is that the two wives mentionedin
this hadith refer to the women of this world and each person will have a minimum of
72 wives; 70 from the hurs and 2 from the humans".(Mishqat, 9/600, Bayat, p. 38)
vk'p;Z gS fd bl lalkj dh oSkkfud pkj ifRu;ksa esa ls osQoy nks gh tUur esa tk losaQxhA bu
nks osQ pquko dk vkkkj D;k gksxk \ 'ks"k ifRu;ksa dks D;ksa NksM+ fn;k x;k \
iSxEcj us dgk] tks ml yM+kbZ esa pkyhl fnu ;k pkyhl jkr osQ fy, Hkkx ysxk mls tUur
esa ,d yky ekf.kD;ksa vkSj eksfr;ksa ls tfM+r lksus dk [kEck fn;k tk,xk vkSj og ,d ,sls egy esa
jgus dk vkuan ys losQxk ftlosQ cgkj gkkj njokks gksaxs vkSj izR;sd njokks ij iRuh osQ :i esa
,d gwjh gksxh (ektkg [kaM&4 % 2780] i`- 148)
(vi)
beke jkth dgrk gS fd vYykg] ,d bZeku okys dks izR;sd usd dke djus osQ cnys esa
tks og djrk gS] ftruh ifRu;k pkgsxk] mruh nsxkA (rlhj jkth] 15@168_ c;kr] i`- 40)
(vii)
27
vUr esa c;kr fy[krk gSizR;sd bZeku okys dks feyus okyh ifRu;ksa dh la[;k O;fDr osQ
vYykg osQ izfr vkKkdkfjrk ij fuHkZj djsxkA (iì`- 40)
40 ;kuh ifRu;ksa dh la[;k vYykg dh ejth
ij gSA
(viii)
"Imam Razi mentions that Allah will give a believer as many wives as Allah
desires for every good deed that the believer does. The exact number of wives for
each person will vary according to a person's obedience to Allah and his level in
Jannat. Thus, we should try to do as many good deeds in this world in order to enter
Jannat and thereafter gain as many wives as possible." (Tafsir Razi, 15/168-Darul
Fikr, Beirut; Bayat, p. 40)
7- tUur esa lSDl osQ izy ksHku

7 -1 tUur dk lS D l thou
tUur esa ej.kkskj lSDl dk izyksHku ,oa O;oLFkk bLyke dh viuh ,d fo'ks"krk gSA vYykg us
oqQjku eas (56 % 37) gwjksa dks ôqqaQokjh*] ^lek;q* vkSj îzse djus okyh* gh dgk gSA exj gnhlksa esa
^bZeku okyks* osQ ej.kkskj lSDl thou osQ izyksHkuksa ,oa Hkksx&foyklksa dk foLrkj ls o.kZu fd;k x;k
gS_ tSls
(i) vcw
gqjsjk crykrk gS fd jlwyqYykg ls iwNk x;k fd D;k ge tUur esa laHkksx dj losaQxs
\ mUgksasus mkj fn;k_ eSa mldh 'kiFk [kkdj dgrk gw ftlosQ gkFk esa esjk thou gS] ^gk* (;kuh ;kSu
lacak gksaxs)A dBksj izgkjksa (gkMZ iqf'kk) lfgrA tc geesa ls dksbZ Hkh viuh iRuh ls laHkksx f;k
iwjh dj ysxk rks og fiQj ls ifo=k vkSj oqaQokjh L=kh gks tk,xhA (bCuu fgCcu] c;kr] i`- 43)
Abu Hurayrah narrates that Rasulullah was asked, "Will we have sexual
intercourse in Jannat ?" He answered, "By the oath of that Being in whose hands my
life is, yes (sexual intercourse will be) with hard pushes. When one of us completes
the task of intercourse with his wife, she will once again become a virgin and a pure
woman." (Ibn Hibban, Bayat, p. 43)
(ii)vcw
gqjsjk crykrk gS fd jlwyqYykg ls iwNk x;k fd D;k ge tUur esa viuh ifRu;ksa osQ
lkFk laHkksx dj losaQxs \ mUgksaus mkj fn;k ,d iq#"k ,d lqcg esa ,d lkS oqaQokfj;ksa osQ lkFk
laHkksx dj losQxk (vcw ;kyk] os g;kdh] rcjkuh] cktkj_ c;kr] i`- 42)
"Abu Hrayrah narrates that Rasulullah was asked, "Will we have sexual
intercourse with our wives in Jannat ?" He answered, "A person will have sexual
intercourse with 100 virgins in one morning."(Abu Ya'la, Bayhaqi, Tabrani, Bazzar;
Bayat, p. 42)
28
fo}ku ys[kd c;kr ôsQoy oaqQokfj;ksa osQ lkFk lSDlqvy laHkksx*] fo"k; dh leh{kk djrs gq,
fy[krk gSôqQjku (55 % 56) esa vYykg dgrk gS bu (tUur) esa fuxkg cpk, j[kus okyh
(ythyh) fL=k;k gSa ftUgsa buls igys u fdlh euq"; us gkFk yxk;k gS vkSj u fdlh ftUu usA
tUur esa bu fL=k;ksa dk oaqQokjh gksus dk dkj.k ;g gS D;ksafd lkekU;r;k ,d euq"; buls laHkksx
djus esa vfkd vkuan vuqHko djrk gSA tSlkfd ij dgk x;k gS fd vYykg tUur esa lHkh
ekuoh; fL=k;ksa dks Hkh oqaQokjh cuk,xkA beke jkth us Hkh mijksDr vk;r dh O;k[;k esa dgk gS fd
vYykg vizR;{k :i ls lkalkfjd lSDlqvy laHkksx dh ckr dgrk gSA ijarq bl vk;r esa mlus tUur
esa lSDlqvy laHkksx dk izR;{k vkSj lqLi"V 'kCnksa esa mYys[k fd;k gSA bldk ms'; ;gh fn[kykus dk
gS fd bl txr esa lSDlqvy laHkksx izf;k nks"kksa ls eqDr ugha gS] vkSj u ifjiw.kZ gSA tcfd tUur esa
lSDlqvy laHkksx izf;k ifjiw.kZ vkSj lHkh izdkj osQ nks"kksa ls eqDr gksxhA (rlhj jkth] 15@130_
c;kr] i`- 41&42)
"While commenting on sexual intercourse only with virgins Bayat writes : Allah
says, "No human or Jinn has touched (these women) before. Then which bounty of
your Lord will you both (humans and Jinns) deny ? (55 : 55-56).
"The reason for these women being virgins is because a person generally
derivies more pleasure in having sexual intercourse with them. As mentioned above,
Allah will also make all the human women into virgins in Jannat. Imam Razi also
says in the commentary of this verse that Allah mentions sexual intercourse of the
world with indirect words. However, in this verse He has mentioned the sexual
intercourse of the world hereafter in clear and direct words. The objective of this is to
show that sexual intercourse in this world is not free of faults and is not perfect,
whereas sexual intercourse in the hereafter will be perfect and free of all faults."
(Tafsir Razi, 15/130; Bayat, pp. 41-42)
fcu vjdke crykrk gS fd ,d ;gwnh jlwyqYykg osQ ikl vk;k vkSj dgk ^vks
vcqy dkfle ! rqe nkok djrs gks fd tUur osQ yksx [kk,xs vkSj fi,xsA bl ij jlwyqYykg us
dgk'kiFk mldh ftlosQ gkFk esa esjk thou gS] tUur esa izR;sd O;fDr dks ,d lkS iq#"kksa osQ
(iii)tk;n
cjkcj [kkus] ihus vkSj laHkksx djus (lSDlqvy baVjdkslZ djus) dh 'kfDr nh tk,xh (frjfekh
vgen] cktkj] uklkbZ ] c;kr] i`- 48) A bldh iqf"V esa c;kr dgrk gSD;ksafd tUur esa ,d iq#"k
dh vusd ifRu;k gksaxh] blfy, vYykg tUur esa iq#"kksa dh laHkksx 'kfDr c<+k nsxk rkfd os mudh
(gwjksa dh) oklukvksa dh iwjh rjg larqf"V dj losQA
(i`- 48)
"Zayd bin Arqam reports that a Jew came to Rasulullah and said, "O Abul Qasim
you claim that the people of Jannat will eat and drink." Rasulullah said, "By the oath
of that being in whose hands may life is, every person in Jannat will be given the
power of 100 men in eating, drinking, and sexual intercourse." (Trimidhi, Ahmad,
Bazzar, Nasai, Bayat, p. 48)
(iv)vukl
us cryk;k gS fd ifo=k iSxEcj us dgk,d bZekuokys dks tUur esa laHkksx djus
osQ fy, veqd&veqd 'kfDr;k nh tk,xhA bl ij iwNk x;kvks vYykg osQ iSxEcj! D;k og ,slk
29
dj ldrk gS \ mUgksaus mkj fn;kmldks ,d lkS iq#"kksa osQ cjkcj 'kfDr nh tk,xhA (frjfekh]
fe'dr] [ka M&4 % 42 % 24] i`- 168)
Anas reported that the Holy Prophet said, "the believer will be given such and
such strength in paradise for sexual intercourse. It was questioned. O prophet of
Allah ! Can he do that. He said : He will be given strength of one hundred persons."
(Mishkat : Vol 4 : 42 : 24 : p. 168)
'kk;n blh izdkj dh gnhlksa osQ vkkkj ij ekSykuk cq[kkjh iSxEcj eqgEen osQ ckjs esa fy[krk gS
(v) ^vukl
crykrk gS fd iSxEcj izfr jkr viuh lHkh ifRu;ksa osQ ikl tkrs Fks (lSDl lacak
djrs Fks) vkSj rc mudh ukS ifRu;k FkhA

(cq [kkjh] [ka M&7 % 6 i`- 5 % 142] i`- 106)
Narrated Anas : The prophet used to go round (have sexual relation with) all his
wives in one night and he had nine wives." (Bukhari, Vol. 7 : 6, p. 5; 142, p. 106)
vk;'kk (iSxEcj dh iRuh) us dgk] eSaus vYykg osQ nsonwr dks b=k yxk;k vkSj os viuh
lHkh ifRu;ksa osQ ikl x, (lSDl lacak fd;k)] vkSj izkr%dky os ,d eqgfje (Luku osQ ckn) FksA
(vi)
(cq [kkjh [ka M&1 % 268] rFkk 270 i`- 165&166)

"Aisha said, "Iscented Allah's Messenger and he went round (had sexual relation
with) all his wives, and in the morning he was a Muhram (after taking bath)"!
(Bukhari Vol. 1 : 268, 270, pp. 165-166) (note-all brackets are in original
translation)
ijarq iSxEcj eqgEen osQ fo"k; esa ,slh gnhlksa ij dkSu fo'okl djsxk\
gk;Fkke vrrkbZ vkSj lyhe fcu vfej crykrs gSa fd jlqyqYykg ls tUur esa laHkksx
(lSDlqvybaVj VjdkslZ) osQ ckjs esa iwNk x;k rks mUgksaus tokc fn;k;g ,d izcy bPNk'kfDr vkSj
u Fkdus okys fy osQ lkFk gksxkA fu'p; gh ,d iq#"k ,d L=kh osQ lkFk pkyhl o"kks rd laHkksx
djsxkA (bl le; osQ njE;ku) og u mlosQ ikl ls nwj gksxk vkSj u og FkosQxk ghA og rc rd
laHkksx djrk jgsxk tc rd mldh vkRek bPNk djsxh vkSj mldh vk[ksa mlesa lq[k ik,xhA (gfjFk
(vii)
fcu vyh mLekg] bCUu vch gkfre_ c;kr] i`- 45)

"Haytham At-tai and Salim bin Amir relate that Rasulullah was asked regarding
sexual intercourse in Jannat. He said, "It will be with a powerful desire and penis
which does not tire. Definitely, a person will have sex with a woman for 40 years.
(During this time) he will not move away and nor will he tire. He will have sexual
intercourse as much as his soul will desire and his eyes will find pleasure in." (Harith
bin Abi Usamah, Ibn Abi Hatim, Bayat, p. 45)
eqgEen bCCu dkc vy oqQjkth crykrk gS fd jlwyqYykg us dgkeSa mldh 'kiFk [kkdj
dgrk gw ftlus fd eq>s lR; osQ lkFk Hkstk gS fd rqe tUur osQ yksxksa dh vis{kk viuh ifRu;ksa vkSj
(vius) Hkouksa ls ;knk ifjfpr ugha gksA tUur dk ,d iq#"k nks lkalkfjd ifRu;ksa vkSj mu cgkj
ifRu;ksa (gwjksa) osQ ikl vk,xk ftUgsa vYykg us muosQ fy, fo'ks"k :i ls tUur esa cuk;k gSA gwjksa
(viii)
30
dh vis{kk ekuoh; ifRu;ksa dh fo'ks"krk gksxh D;ksafd mUgksaus lalkj eas vYykg dh iwtk dh gSA igys
og viuh (nqfu;k;h)A ifRu;ksa osQ ikl yky ekf.kD;ksa ls cus dejs esa vk,xk rFkk (os) lksus osQ cus
fcLrj ij tk,xs tks fd eksfr;ksa ls lqlfTtr gSA ;g fcLrj lkj izdkj osQ js'keh oL=kksa ls ltk gqvk
gksxkA og viuk gkFk viuh iRuh osQ nksuksa oaQkksa osQ chp j[ksxk vkSj og viuk gkFk mlosQ diM+ksa]
cnu vkSj Ropk osQ chp ys tk,xkA og mldh Vkxksa dh eklisf'k;ksa dks ns[ksxk tSls fd dksbZ O;fDr
yky eksrh osQ chp kkxs dks ns[k ldrk gSA bldk eu iRuh osQ [;kyksa esa Mwck gksxk vkSj iRuh dk
eu Hkh vius iq#"k esa rYyhu gksxkA og iq#"k bl voLFkk esa jgsxk rFkk og ml L=kh ls ugha mQcsxk
vkSj u L=kh gh mlls csxhA izR;sd ckj tc Hkh og mlosQ lalxZ esa vk,xk] og mls oqQokjh gh
ik,xkA mldk fy FkosQxk ugha vkSj L=kh dk lsDlqvy vax (;kSfu Hkkx) Hkh dksbZ dfBukbZ ugha
vuqHko djsxkA (tc os bl fLFkfr esa gksaxs) rc dksbZ ?kks"k.kk djsxk fd gesa irk pyk x;k gS fd
rqe mlls ugha cksxs vkSj u rqe mldks mckvksxsA L=kh vkSj iq#"k nksuksa esa ls dksbZ Hkh 'kqk.kqvksa osQ
L[kyu (fudkl) dk vuqHko ugha djsaxsA rqEgkjs ikl ml iRuh osQ vykok rqEgkjh vU; ifRu;k Hkh
gksaxhA og ,d&,d djosQ vU; ifRu;ksa osQ lkFk laHkksx djsxkA tc dHkh Hkh og fdlh vU; iRuh
osQ ikl tk,xk] rks og mlls dgsxh] eSa vYykg dh lkSxak [kkdj dgrh gw fd tUur esa eq>s rqels
;knk I;kjk vU; dksbZ ugha gS
(vcw ;kyk] c;kr] i`- 44)
"Muhammed ibn Ka'b AI-Qurazi narrates from a person of the Ansar (people of
Madinah) that Rasululah said, "I take the oath of that Being who sent me with the
truth, you are not more acquainted with your wives and houses than the people of
Jannat. A person of Jannat will come to 72 wives which Allah specially created in
Jannat (hurs) and 2 human wives. The human wives will have virtue over the (hurs)
because they worshipped Allah in the world. He will come to the first of his wives in a
room made of rubies. (They will be on a) bed made of gold which is adorned with
pearls. This bed will be made of 70 different types of silk. He will place his hand
betwee her two shoulders and he will see his hand through her clothes, skin, and
flesh. He will see the marrow of her leg just as a person can see the thread inside a
ruby. His inside will be a reflection of her and her inside will be a reflection of him. He
will be in this condition; he will not become bored of her and she will not become
bored of him. Every time he comes to her, he will find her to be a virgin. His sexual
organ will not tire and her sexual organ will also not experience any difficulty. While
he is in this condition, someone will announce, 'We have known that you will not get
bored and you will not make her bored. Both the man and woman will not experience
ejaculation of sperm. You will have other wives besides her. He will go to the other
wives one by one. Whenever he will go to a wife, she will say to him, "I swear by
Allah, there is nothing in Jannat more beloved to me than you." (Abu Ya'la, Bayat,
p. 44)
bu gwjksa osQ vykok ,d bZeku okys osQ fy, tUur esa cktk: fL=k;ksa dk Hkh izcak gSA vyh
us cryk;k fd vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgktUur esa ,d cktkj gS tgk dksbZ fch vkSj [kjhnnkjh
(ix)
ugha gksrh gS] osQoy fL=k;k vkSj iq#"k gksrs gSaA tc dksbZ iq#"k fdlh lqanjh dks pkgsxk rks og mlosQ
lkFk laHkksx dj losQxk
(frjfekh] fe'dr [ka
[ka M&4 % 34 i`- 171)
31
"Ali reported that the Apsotle of Allah said : There is in Paradise a market
wherein there will be no buy and sale, but figure, of men and women. When a man
will desire a beauty, he will have intercourse with her." (Tirmizi, Mishkat Vol. 4 : 34
: p. 171)
tUur osQ Hkksx foykl osQ brus izyksHkuksa dks lqudj vkSj fo'okl djosQ ;fn dksbZ iq#"k ftgkn ;k
fiQnk;hu geyksa osQ fy, rS;kj gks tkrk gS rks blesa vk'p;Z Hkh D;ksa \ ftgkn osQ uke ij ej.kkskj
thou esa vxf.kr ;qok lqanfj;ksa osQ lkFk Hkjiwj lSDl dh xkjaVh bLyke dh viuh fo'ks"krk gS !
7 -2 tUur esa fd'kksj ykS aM s (fxyeku)
vYykg us tUur esa Hkksxfoykl osQ fy, oqQokjh lqanfj;k gh ugha nh gSa cfYd lqanj fd'kksj Hkh
fn, gSa tks lqanj gSa] vkd"kZd gSa] js'keh oL=kksa ,oa ghjk eksrh vkSj ef.k;ksa ls vyar Hkh gSaA
tSlsmuosQ ikl fd'kksj gksaxs tks lnSo fd'kksjkoLFkk esa gh jgsaxs] I;kys vkSj vkiQrkos (tx) vkSj
fo'kq is; ls Hkjk gqvk ik=k fy, fiQj jgs gksaxs (56 % 17&19)
(ii)mudh
lsok esa ,sls fd'kksj nkSM+rs fiQj jgs gksaxs tks lnSo fd'kksj gks jgsaxsA rc rqe mUgsa
ns[kksxs
rks
mUgsa
le>ksxs
fd
fc[kjs
gq,
eksrh
gSa
(76
76 % 19&20)A
19&20 mijksDr vk;rksa dh leh{kk djrs gq, vuoj 'ks[k viuh iqLrd bLyke %
dkeokluk vkSj fgalk esa fy[krk gS%
;g Hkh Lej.k jgs fd bLyke bl rF; dks ugha Hkwyrk fd fo"ke ySafxdrk nSfgd rqf"V dk iw.kZ
lzksr ugha gS D;ksafd oqQN O;fDr;ksa dh :fp;k fHkUu gksrh gSaA blfy, ;g tUur osQ lq[k dks ,d
lUu djus okyk vk;ke nsrk gSA oqQjvku dgrk gS
os ogk vkil esa I;kys Nhu&>iV jgs gSa] mlesa u csgwnxh gS vkSj u dksbZ xqukg dh ckr vkSj
muosQ ikl muosQ (lsod) yM+osQ vk&tk jgs gSa] os ,sls (lqanj) gSa tSls kjkmQ eksrhA (52 %
2324)
blls ;g iw.kZr% Li"V gks tkrk gS fd lokZfkd laqnfj;ksa osQ vfrfjDr tUur esa yM+osQ Hkh gSa tks
fd(1) eksfr;ksa osQ leku lqanj gSa] (2) lnSo ;qok gSa D;ksafd mudh vk;q ugha c<+rh] (3) js'ke
osQ diM+s igurs gSa] vkSj (4) pknh osQ vkHkw"k.k igus gksrs gSaA
tUur esa jgus okys bu vlkkkj.k vkd"kZd ;qodksa dk D;k iz;kstu gS \ tUur bl izdkj cuk;k
x;k gS fd gj ,d lksus dh bV osQ i'pkr~ pknh dh bV gksrh gS _ vkSj xkjs ;k lhesaV osQ LFkku ij
osQlj }kjk mUgsa tksM+k x;k gS vkSj ;gk osQ iRFkj Hkh ghjs vkSj tokgjkr osQ gSaA tks dksbZ tUur esa
tk,xk] nq%[k ls eqDr gksxk_ ogk lnSo jgsxk] lnSo ;qok jgsxk] dHkh ejsxk Hkh ughaA
bl ?kksj foykflrk osQ okrkoj.k esa bu eknd ;qodksa osQ ogk gksus dk dksbZ vlkkkj.k ms'; gksxk
gh] ;|fi eqfLye fo}ku nkok djrs gSa fd os lkkkj.k lsoknkj gSa tks HkkX;'kkyh eqlyekuksa dh lsok,
djrs
gSaA
(iì`- 70&71)
70&71
32
mUgksaus vkxs fy[kk pwafd ftgkn tUur izkfIr dk iDdk lkku gS og tUur] tks e`R;qijkUr
eupkgs ;kSu&lq[k dk fuokl gSA vr% dkeokluk (lSDl) vkSj fgalk la;qDr :i ls bLyke osQ
vkkkjHkwr ek;e gSaA ftuosQ }kjk iq:"k dks eqfDr osQ tky esa iQlk;k tkrk gSA ;g iq:"k osQ
LokHkkfod Hk; vkSj vfuf'prrk dh Hkkouk dk lokZfkd izHkkoh 'kks"k.k gSA
(i`- 84)
8- D;k 'kghn dks fo'ks"kkfkdkj izkIr gS \

8 -1 'kgknr osQ fy, iz yksHku
bLyke esa eqlyekuksa dks xSj&eqlyekuksa osQ fo: vUrghu ^ftgkn* djrs jgus osQ fy, ,d
vR;Ur vkd"kZd izyksHku fn;k x;k gSA oqQjku vkSj gnhlksa esa ckj&ckj dgk x;k gS fd ;fn os
^vYykg osQ ekxZ esa* ;q djrs gq, ekjs x, rks os 'kghn dgyk,xs vkSj os fu'p; gh tUur esa
nkf[ky dj fn, tk,xsA gnhlsa dgrh gSa
vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgk fdtks dksbZ (vYykg osQ ekxZ esa) dRy dj fn;k x;k gS] og
'kghn gS vkSj og tUur esa izos'k djsxkA(eqfLye] [kaM- 3 % 4660] i`- 1263 _ nkmQn] [kaM- 2 %
(i)
2493_ i`- 691_ ektkg] [ka M- 4 % 2804 _ i`- 163)
vYykg xkjaVh nsrk gS fd (tks mlosQ ms'; osQ fy, ^ftgkn* djrk gS vkSj mls vYykg
osQ fy, ftgkn osQ vykok fdlh vU; dk;Z osQ fy, fudyus dks foo'k ugha fd;k tkrk gS) og
mls ('kghn dks) tUur esa izos'k djk,xk vFkok mls iqjLdkj vFkok ywV osQ eky lfgr] tks mlus
vftZr dh gS] mlosQ ?kj ykSVk,xk tgk ls og (ftgkn osQ fy,) fudyk FkkA (cq[kkjh] [kaM- 9 %
(ii)
555] i`- 417)

(iii)
,d bZeku okys us iSxEcj ls iwNkD;k vki ekurs gks fd ;fn eSa ^vYykg osQ ekxZ esa*
ekjk x;k rks lc ikiksa ls eqDr gks tkmQxk \ iSxEcj us dgk^gk*] 'kghn osQ lc iki] ml ij dtZ
osQ vykok] ekiQ+ dj fn, tk,xsA (eqfLye] [kaM- 3 % 4646] 4649] 4650 i`- 1260&61)
33
vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgkfdlh us êu ls* fu"BkiwoZd 'kgknr ekxh rks vYykg mls
(iv)
'kghnksa dh Js.kh esa j[ksxk Hkys gh og vius fcLrj ij gh D;ksa u ej x;k gksA
(eq f Lye] [ka M- 3
% 4695] i`- 1272 _ ektkg] [ka M- 4 % 2797 i`- 158)
oqQjku vkSj gnhlksa dh vU; lSadM+ksa vk;rksa esa 'kgknr dh fo'ks"krk, vkSj blosQ fy, iqjLdkjksa osQ
izyksHku fn, x, gSa tks fd ,d lPps] fo'oklh] lRdehZ eqlyeku dks feyus okys iqjLdkjksa ls dgha
vfkd gSaA okLro esa] bLyke osQ izpkj&izlkj esa 'kgknr }kjk tUur osQ vkd"kZ.kksa us cgqr cM+k
;ksxnku fn;k gSA
8 -2 'kghn osQ fo'ks "kkfkdkj
gnhlksa esa ,d 'kghn dks tUur dh xkjaVh osQ vykok] vU; vusd fo'ks"kkfkdkj Hkh fn, x, gSaA
tSls
fednke c- ekn c- dkfjc crykrk gS fd vYykg osQ nwr us dgk,d 'kghn dks
vYykg dh rjiQ ls Ng fo'ks"kkfkdkj izkIr gSa1- vYykg lcls igys mls (xSj&eqlyeku) osQ [kwu
cgkus ij ekiQ+ dj nsrk gS _ 2- mls tUur esa mldk fuokl fn[kk;k tkrk gS _ 3- mls dcj dh
;kruk ls eqDr fd;k tkrk gS _ 4- mls fo'okl (bZeku) dh iks'kkd igukbZ tkrh gS _ 5- mldh
(tUur dh) csgrj lqanj dkyh vk[kksa okyh oqQokjh ;qofr;ksa (gwjksa) ls 'kknh djk nh tk,xh vkSj _
6- mldh vius lkj lxs&lacafk;ksa dh (tUur osQ fy,) e;LFkrk ;k fli+Qkfj'k Lohdkj dj yh
tk,xhA (ektkg] [kaM- 4 % 2799 i`- 159 _ fe'dr] [kaM- 2 % 44 _ i`- 352)
(i)
(ii)
blh izdkj vcw&vy&njnk us cryk;k fd vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgk,d 'kghn dh vius
ifjokj osQ lkj yksxksa dks (tUur) osQ fy, fli+Qkfj'k Lohdkj dj yh tk,xhA
(nkmQn] [ka M- 2
% 2516] i`- 699)
bLyke osQ eqYyk] ekSyoh vkSj dV`jiaFkh eqlyeku mijksDr gnhlksa dk ;g vFkZ yxkrs gSa fd
'kghn dks ,d lPps eqlyeku dh rjg fd+;ker rd dcj esa jgdj vius deks osQ U;k; osQ fy,
izrh{kk ugha djuh iM+sxh cfYd 'kghn dks 'kgknr osQ iQkSju ckn gh tUur fey tk,xhA ;g lgh ugha
gS fd D;ksafd gnhl esa 'kghn dks mldk vkokl osQoy fn[kk;k x;k gS] mls fn;k ugha x;k gSA
mijksDr Ng fo'ks"kkfkdkjksa esa ls ge ;gk vkxs osQoy nks dh gh leh{kk djssaxsA
8 -3 D;k 'kghn fdlh dh tUur osQ fy, fli+Qkfj'k dj ldrk gS \
oqQjku osQ vuqlkj] vYykg us U;k; osQ fnu fdlh dks Hkh] fdlh izdkj dh fli+Qkfj'k djus dk
dksbZ vfkdkj ugha ns j[kk gSA lHkh vfkdkj mlosQ gh ikl gSaA tSls
og (vYykg) U;k; fnykus okys fnu dk Lokeh gSA
(i)
(ii)
(1 % 4)
vYykg ls gVdj dksbZ Hkh ugha tks mldk leFkZd vkSj fli+Qkfj'k djus okyk gks losQA
(6 % 70)
34
(iii)
(iv)
fli+Qkfj'k rks lkjh dh lkjh vYykg osQ vfkdkj esa gSA (39 % 44)
fli+Qkfj'k djus okyksa dh dksbZ fli+Qkfj'k mudks oqQN ykHk u igqpk losQxhA (74 % 48)
vYykg osQ vykok rqEgkjk u dksbZ laj{kd fe=k gS] vkSj u mlosQ eqdkcys esa dksbZ
fli+Qkfj'k djus okykA (32 % 4) ;gh ckr vk;r (6 % 51 _ 26 % 100 _ 30% 13) vkfn esa dgh
(v)
xbZ gSA
gnhl (lS [ky [kaM] 1 % 2@7) esa iSxEcj lkgc dgrs gSaU;k; osQ fnu vYykg osQ lkeus oqQjku
ls cM+k vfkdkj fdlh fli+Qkfj'k djus okys dk ugha gksxk] u fdlh iSxEcj dk vkSj u fdlh iQfj'rs
dkA (eksjs] i`- 563)
mijksDr vk;rksa ls lqLi"V gS fd U;k; osQ fnu vYykg eqlyekuksa osQ thou Hkj osQ deksZ dk
iSQlyk iw.kZr;k muosQ dekZuqlkj Loa; djsxkA (36 % 12)A mlesa fdlh dh fli+Qkfj'k ugha pysxh vkSj
rc ogk u dksbZ fli+Qkfj'kh gksxk] u dksbZ fli+Qkfj'kA ;g ckr iw.kZr;k U;k; laxr Hkh gSA ;fn U;k;fiz;
vYykg U;k; osQ fnu] fdlh 'kghn dh vius lkj ikih] vijkkh ,oa vU;k;h fj'rsnkjksa osQ fy,
fli+Qkfj'k dks eku ysxk rks blls vU;k; vkSj ikikpkj dks vkSj c<+kok feysxk vkSj U;k; dk xyk
?kqVsxkA lkFk gh vYykg dh efgek dks Hkh nkx+ yxsxkA
gkykfd oqQjku esa ,sls laosQr feyrs gSa fd vYykg pkgs rks] fdlh dks Hkh] vU;ksa osQ fo"k; esa]
fli+Qkfj'k djus dk vfkdkj ns ldrk gSA tSls
ml fnu fli+Qkfj'k dke u vk,xhA ;g ckr vkSj gS fd fdlh osQ fy, ^jgeku* vuqKk ns
vkSj mlosQ fy, ckr djus dks ilan djsA
(20 % 109)
(i)
mlosQ ;gk dksbZ fli+Qkfj'k dke ugha vk,xh] fdUrq mlh dh ftls mlus (fli+Qkfj'k djus
dh) vuqefr nh gksA (34 % 23 rFkk 10 % 3 _ 19 % 87 _ 53 % 26 vkfnA)
(ii)
8 -4 D;k iS xEcj eqg Een dks fli+Qkfj'k djus dk vfkdkj Fkk

Fkk\\
oqQjku vkSj gnhlksa esa ,d Hkh ,slk izek.k ugha feyrk gS ftlesa vYykg us fdlh O;fDr] 'kghn]
iQfj'rs ;k iSxEcj dks fli+Qkfj'k djus dk vfkdkj fn;k gksA ;gk rd fd n;kyq vYykg us iSxEcj
eqgEen dks Hkh fdlh dh fli+Qkfj'k djus dk vfkdkj ugha fn;k gSA
iSxEcj eqgEen Loa; dgrs gSa fd esjk dksbZ vfkdkj ugha gSA eSa rks vYykg dh vkKk dk
ikyu djrk gw % dgks % eSa vius fy, u rks ykHk dk vfkdkj j[krk gw vkSj u gkfu] cfYd
vYykg gh dh bPNk f;kfUor gSA ;fn eq>s ijks{k (x+Sc) dk Kku gksrk rks cgqr&lh HkykbZ lesV
ysrk vkSj eq>s dHkh gkfu u igqprhA (7 % 188)
(i)
(ii)
gnhl eqfLye esa iSxEcj lkgc Loa; dgrs gSa fdeSa (eqgEen) us (vYykg ls) viuh ek
osQ fy, n;k djus dh vkKk ekxhA ijarq vYykg us mls vLohdkj dj fn;kA (eqfLye] [kaM- 2 %
2129 _ i`- 557)
35
(iii)
vYykg osQ nwr us dgkvks oqQjs'k yksxks ! rqe vYykg ls Loa; ekxksA eSa rqEgsa vYykg osQ
fo: oqQN izkIr ugha djk ldrkA vks vOn vy eqrkfyc osQ iq=kks ! eSa vYykg dh ethZ osQ fo:
rqEgsa oqQN Hkh izkIr ugha djk ldrkA vks lkfg;k (iSxEcj dh pkph) ! eSa vYykg dh ethZ osQ
fo: rqEgsa oqQN ugha fnyk ldrkA vks iQkfrek ! (eqgEen dh csVh) tks pkgks] eq>ls ekx yksA
ysfdu eSa vYykg dh ethZ osQ fo: rqedks oqQN ugha fnyk ldrkA (eqfLye] [kaM- 1 % 402 _ i`165)
blosQ foijhr oqQN gnhlksa esa Û;k; osQ fnu* iSxEcj eqgEen }kjk fli+Qkfj'k djus osQ laosQr Hkh
feyrs gSa tSls(eqf Lye] [kaM- 4 % 5655 _ i`- 1478 _ [kaM- 1 % 389 _ i`- 162 _ [kaM- 1 % 422 _
i`- 169170)A exj gnhlksa osQ ;s dFku oqQjku dh ekU;rkvksa osQ fo: gksus osQ dkj.k vekU; gSaA
iSxEcj eqgEen Loa; vius fy,] ihM+kvksa ls cpus osQ fy, vYykg ls izkFkZuk djrs gSavcw
gqjsjk us crk;k fd iSxEcj eqgEen vYykg ls izkFkZuk djrs Fksvks vYykg ! eSa vkils dcj dh
;krukvksa vkSj tgUue dh vkx rFkk tUeej.k vkSj vy&elhg vkSj vy&ntky dh nq[knk;h ihM+kvksa
ls cpus osQ fy, vkidh 'kj.k pkgrk gwA (cqjokjh] [kaM- 2 % 459 _ i`- 258259)
blosQ vykok ,d gnhl esa iSxEcj eqgEen Loa; vYykg ls vius fy, tUur dh izkFkZuk djrk
gSvk;'kk us cryk;k fd thou dh vafre lkal ysrs oDr iSxEcj esjs lhus osQ ikl Fks] mlus
>qddj lquk fd os dg jgs Fksvks vYykg ! eq>s {kek dj eq> ij n;k fn[kkvks] eq>s (tUur esa)
lkfFk;ksa ls feykvksA (eqf Lye] [kaM- 4 % 5986 _ i`- 1564)
bu gnhlksa ij izfrf;k djrs gq, bLyke osQ fo}ku vuoj 'ks[k fy[krs gSablls lqLi"V gS fd
ftl O;fDr dks Loa; n;k fd t:jr gS og mldh ;kpuk djrk gks] og Hkyk nwljksa dh fli+Qkfj'k
djus dh fLFkfr esa oSQls gks ldrk gS \ (bLykfed ftgkn] i`- 72)
lkFk gh ;g ugha Hkwyuk pkfg, fd iSxEcj eqgEen Hkh ,d euq"; Fks vkSj ej.k'khy FksA os Hkh
euq"; dh rjg ft, vkSj euq"; dh Hkkfr ejs vkSj ,d lkkkj.k euq"; dh rjg viuh dcj esa
niQuk;s x,A oqQjku dgrk gSrqEgsa Hkh ejuk gS vkSj mUgsa Hkh ejuk gSA fiQj Hkh fu'p; gh rqe lc
fo+Q;ker osQ fnu vius jc osQ le{k >xM+ksxsA (39 % 2931)A blls Li"V gS fd iSxEcj eqgEen
dks Hkh dksbZ fo'ks"kkfkdkj ugha FkkA vr% os Hkh fdlh vU; osQ fy, dksbZ fli+Qkfj'k ugha dj ldrs
FksA
mijksDr foospu ls ;g fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd (1) U;k; osQ fnu osQoy vYykg gh lcdk
dekZuqlkj U;k; djsxkA (2) bl U;k; O;oLFkk esa fdlh eqYyk] ekSyoh] O;fDr] 'kghn] iQfj'rs]
iSxEcj vkfn dks e;LFkrk djus dk vfkdkj ugha gSA (3) vYykg pkgs rks fdlh dks e;LFkrk
djus dk vfkdkj ns ldrk gSA exj mlus ;g vfkdkj fdlh vU; dks ugha fn;k gSA iSxEcj eqgEen
dks Hkh ughaA vr% oqQjku ,oa gnhlksa osQ vuqlkj dksbZ Hkh 'kghn vius lacafk;ksa osQ fy, fdlh izdkj
dh dksbZ fli+Qkfj'k ugha dj ldrk gS vkSj u og ekuh tk,xhA blfy, fdlh 'kghn dh fli+Qkfj'k ij
mlosQ fdlh lacakh ;k O;fDr dks tUur ugha fey losQxhA dk'k ! vkt osQ eqfLye ;qod&;qofr;k
36
oqQjku osQ bl fu"d"kZ dks le> losQa vkSj vius vewY; thou dks 'kgknr osQ uke ij cckZn gksus ls
cpk losQaA
8 -5 D;k fdlh 'kghn dks tUur iQkS ju fey ldrh gS \
fuLlansg eqYyk] ekSyoh vkSj dV~VjiaFkh bLykfeLV eqfLye ;qod&;qofr;ksa dks ;g dgdj
ckj&ckj yqHkkrs gSa fd ;fn rqe xSj&eqlyekuksa ls ^ftgkn* (;q) djrs gq, ekjs Hkh x, rks n;kyq
vYykg rqEgsa iQkSju tUur esa nkf[ky dj nsxkA rqEgsa fo+Q;ker rd dcj esa ugha jguk iM+sxkA
vr% ;gk fopkj.kh; iz'u ;g gS fd D;k bLykeh keZ xzaFk mijksDr dFku dh iqf"V djrs gSa ;k
;g dksjk >wBk izpkj mUgsa yqHkkus ;k cgdkus ek=k osQ fy, gh gS \ D;k blesa oqQN lPpkbZ Hkh gS \
D;k oqQjku vkSj gnhlsa okLro esa iQkSju tUur fnykus dk leFkZu djrs gSa \
oqQjku bl fo"k; esa ekSu gSA ysfdu bruk ek=k dgrk gS
tks yksx vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ejs mUgsa eqnkZ u dgks cfYd os thfor gSa] ijarq rqEgsa (bldk)
,glkl ugha gksrkA (2 % 154)
(i)
rqe mu yksxksa dks tks vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ekjs x, gSa] eqnkZ u le>ks] cfYd vius jc osQ
ikl thfor gSa] jkskh ik jgs gSaA (3 % 169)
(ii)
8 -6 'kghn dh vkRek fpfM+ ;ksa osQ 'kjhj esas

mijksDr iz'uksa dh n`f"V ls oqQjku dh bu vk;rksa dk vFkZ Li"V ugha gSA ijarq gnhlksa esa] yksxksa osQ
mijksDr vk;r (3 % 169) osQ ckjs esa iwNus ij iSxEcj eqgEen us dgk fd 'kghnksa dh vkRek, gjs
jax dh fpfM+;ksa osQ 'kjhj esas jgrh gSa ftuosQ ?kkSalysa vYykg osQ flagklu ls yVdus okys fiatM+ksa esa
gSaA os tgk ls Hkh pkgsa tUur osQ iQyksa dks [kkrh gSa vkSj fiQj okfil bu fiatM+ks esa vk tkrh gSaA ,d
ckj muosQ Lokeh (vYykg) us muls iwNk] D;k rqEgsa fdlh pht dh t:jr gS \------rc vYykg us
;gh loky muls rhu ckj iwNkA rc mUgksaus mkj fn;k vks ekfyd ! ge pkgrs gSa fd vki gekjh
vkRekvksa dks okfil gekjs 'kjhjksa esa ykSVk nks rkfd ge ,d ckj fiQj vkiosQ ekxZ esa ekjs tk,A
(eq f Lye] [ka M- 3 % 465 _ i`- 1261 _ fe'dr] [ka M- 2 % 18] 61)
gnhl eqfLye osQ Hkk";dkj us uksV la[;k 2345 }kjk bl fo"k; dks lqLi"V djrs gq, fy[kk fd
fpfM+;ksa osQ 'kjhj esa vkRek dk fopkj ^;gwnh ,UlkbDyksihfM;k* esa bl izdkj fn;k x;k
gSlRdfeZ;ksa dh vkRek, iQfj'rksa dh lqj{kk esa] fiatM+ksa esa fpfM+;ksa dh rjg jgrh gSaA 'kghnksa dh
vkRekvksa osQ fy, LoxZ esa ,d fo'ks"k LFkku gSA ([kaM- 6] i`- 566)
bl fo"k; dh leh{kk djrs gq, ltZ fVdksfod us viuh iqLrd ^nh lksMZ vkWiQ nh izksisQV* (i`70) esa fy[kkoqQjku vkSj gnhlksa esa tUur] gwjksa] flYd osQ diM+s igus gq, ;qod] ftUu vkSj ekSr
dk iQfj'rk lacakh fopkj lhks&lhks tksjkfLV;uksa dh iqjkuh iqLrdksa ls fy, x, gSaA ijfl;uksa us Hkh
;g dFkk x<+h gS fd U;k; osQ fnu (fo+Q;ker) lHkh yksxksa dks ,d iqy ikj djuk gksxk ftl ij ls
xSj&bZekuokys yM+[kM+k,xs vkSj fxj tk,xsA
37
;fn oqQjku (3 % 109) dh mijksDr O;k[;k dks FkksM+h nsj osQ fy, eku Hkh fy;k tk, fd 'kghn
dh vkRek lhks tUur dks tkrh gS ;kuh fpfM+;ksa dk :i ys ysrh gS rks oqQjku dh mu vk;rksa dk
D;k vFkZ gksxk ftuosQ vuqlkj tUur okys vusdks oqQokjh fL=k;ksa osQ lkFk 'kknh jpk,xs rFkk muosQ
lkFk lkekU; iq#"kksa dh Hkkfr vuUr dky rd fo"k;&Hkksx djsaxsA ogk mudh ifRu;k Hkh igqp tk,xh
tks vius ifr osQ lkFk lksus&pknh osQ egyksa esa jgsaxh vkSj rhu&lkS izdkj osQ 'kkdkgkjh vkSj
xSj&'kkdkgkjh Hkkstuksa osQ lkFk Lokfn"V 'kjkc fi,xhA D;k dksbZ fpfM+;k euq";ksa osQ leku gwjksa osQ lkFk
jfr f;k dj ldrh gS\ D;k os fpfM+;k lts&kts fd'kkjksa dk vkuan ys losQaxha \ D;k fpfM+;k
cktkj tkdj viuh euilan yM+dh osQ lkFk 'kkjhfjd lacak LFkkfir dj ldrh gSa \ bu tSls vusdksa
iz'uksa dk mkj rks os eqYyk&ekSyoh gh ns ldrs gSa tks fd Hkksys&Hkksys keZ izseh ;qodksa dks vusd gwjksa
osQ lkFk fo"k; Hkksxksa osQ izyksHku nsdj 'kgknr osQ iQkSju ckn tUur esa igqpus dk vk'oklu nsrs gSaA
exj ;s [kks[kys izyksHku xSj&eqlyekuksa osQ fo: ftgkn djus osQ vykok oqQN vkSj Hkh gSa D;k \
8 -7 'kghn dks tUur osQoy fo+Q ;kerckn
vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ftgkn djus okyk 'kghn tUur esa dc igqpsxk] bldk mkj oqQjku esa rks
ugha] ijarq gnhlksa esa lqLi"V fd;k x;k gSA nsf[k, izek.k
bCu mej us cryk;k fd vYykg osQ iSxEcj us dgktc dksbZ O;fDr ejrk gS rks
(izfrfnu) mldks izkr%dky vkSj lka;dky mldh lhV fn[kykbZ tkrh gSA ;fn og tUur tkus okyksa
esa ls gksrk gS rks mldks tUur esa lhV fn[kykbZ tkrh gSA vkSj ;fn og nksk[k dh vkx esa tkus okyksa
esa ls gS rks mls nksk[k esa mldh lhV fn[kykbZ tkrh gSA rc mlls ;g dgk tkrk gSrqEgkjh og
lhV gS tgk] rqe ^fo+Q;ker* osQ fnu Hksts tkvksxsA (eqfLye] [kaM- 4 % 6858 _ i`- 1795)
(i)
lqyseku c- ;klj us iSxEcj dks ;g dgrs gq, lquk fdfo+Q;ker osQ fnu lcls igyk
O;fDr (ftlosQ deksZ dk iSQlyk) lcls igys fd;k tk,xk og gksxk tks fd ,d 'kghn dh Hkkfr
ejkA(eqfLye] [kaM- 3 % 4688 _ i`- 1270)
(ii)
(iii)
vcw gqjsjk us cryk;k fd iSxEcj eqgEen us dgkfuLlansg ^fd;ker osQ fnu* U;k; osQ
fy, og O;fDr lcls igys yk;k tk,xk tks fd 'kghn osQ :i esa (lqfo[;kr) jgk] og cqyk;k
tk,xk] mldks] ml ij fd, x, midkjksa dks ;kn fnyk;k tk,xk ftUgsa og LohdkjsxkA rc vYykg
mlls iwNsxk fd ^rqeus rc D;k fd;k \* og tokc nsxk % eSa vkiosQ fy, yM+k rc rd fd eSa
'kghn gqvkA (fe'dr] [kaM- 1 % 114 _ i`- 411)
(iv)
vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgktUur esa lcls igyk tRFkk ^fo+Q;ker osQ fnu* igqpxs k] ftuosQ
psgjksa dh ped iw.kZeklh osQ nsnhI;eku paek osQ leku gksxh vkSj nwljs tRFks dh ped mlls de
vkSj vkleku esa pedus okys flrkjksa osQ leku gksxhA (fe'dr] [kaM- 4 % 23 _ i`- 167)
(v)
dcjksa esa iQfj'rsa ^tUur* vkSj ^tgUue* osQ n'kZu djkrs gSaA (ektkg]
(ektkg] [ka M- 5 % 4262_
vcq y dkfle] i`- 222)
38
mijksDr izkekf.kd gnhlksa osQ dFkuksa ls lqLi"V gS fd (1) 'kghn lfgr] lHkh eqlyekuksa osQ deksZ
dk iSQlyk fo+Q;ker osQ fnu gksxk] mlls igys ugha] (2) dcjksa esa iM+s] tUur vkSj nksk[k] nksuksa
txg tkus okyksa dh vkRekvksa dks jkstkuk izkr% vkSj lka;dky muosQ LFkku osQoy fn[kyk, tkrs gSaA os
mUgsa fn, ugha tkrs gSaA (3) ^fo+Q;ker osQ fnu* vYykg osQ lkeus is'k gksus okyk lcls igyk tRFkk
'kghnksa dk gksxk vkSj rHkh muosQ deksZ dk iSQlyk gksxkA vr% vYykg vius lkSns osQ ok;ns osQ
vuqlkj ftgkn djus okys fdlh eqlyeku 'kghn dks tUur nsus dk iSQlyk osQoy fo+Q;ker osQ gh
fnu djsxk] mlls igys ughaA tks eqYyk&ekSyoh ;qodksa dks iQkSju tUur dk izyksHku nsrs gSa] os ljklj
>wBs gSaA
bruk gh ugha] gnhlksa esa iSxEcj eqgEen [kqn dgrs gSa fd gkykfd lcls igys os Loa; Hkh
fo+Q;ker osQ fnu gh tUur osQ }kj ij igqpsaxsA blosQ ckn gh vU; dksbZ eqlyeku] 'kghn vkfn izos'k
dj losQxkA blls igys dksbZ ughaA nsf[k, oqQN izek.k
iSxEcj us dgkfo+Q;ker osQ fnu ijes'oj osQ nsonwrksa esa ls esjs vuq;kf;;ksa dh la[;k lcls
vfkd gksxh vkSj eSa gh tUur dk njoktk [kV[kVkus okyk lcls igyk O;fDr gwxkA (eqfLye] [kaM(i)
2 % 382 _ i`- 161)

(ii)
vYykg osQ nsonwr us dgkfo+Q;ker osQ fnu eSa tUur osQ njokts ij igqpwxk vkSj mlosQ
[kksyus dh izkFkZuk d:xk vkSj rc mldk }kjiky dgsxkvki dkSu gSa \ eSa dgwxkeqgEenA rc og
dgsxk fd vkiosQ fy, gh eq>s njoktk [kksyus osQ fy, vkns'k fn;k x;k gS rFkk vkils igys fdlh
vU; dks bls u [kksyus osQ fy, dgk x;k gSA (eqfLye] [kaM 1 % 384 _ i`- 161)
vr% 'kghn rks D;k] Loa; iSxEcj eqgEen Hkh fo+Q;ker osQ fnu rd dcj esa ncs iM+s jgsaxsA fdlh
'kghn dk iQkSju tUur esa nkf[ky gksuk vlaHko gS rFkk ;g eqYykvksa osQ >wBs izyksHku osQ vykok oqQN
ugha gSA
39
9- tUur vkSj fo+Q;ker

9 -1 fo+Q;ker dc vk,xh \
vc fuf'pr gks x;k fd ,d ftgknh dks tUur osQoy fd;ker osQ okn gh feysxh rks vc iz'u
mBrk gS fd fo+Q;ker dc vk,xh \ rRdkyhu vjcokfl;ksa us eqgEen ls iwNk fd fo+Q;ker dc
vk,xh \ bl fo"k; esa oqQjku dgrk gSrqels ml ?kM+h (fo+Q;ker) osQ fo"k; esa iwNrs gSa fd og
dc vk,xh \ dg nksbldk Kku essjs jc gh osQ ikl gSA vr% og mls mlosQ le; ij izxV djsxkA
og vkdk'kksa vkSj kjrh esa cksf>y gks xbZ gScl vpkud gh og rqe ij vk,xhA (7 % 187)
vr% iSxEcj eqgEen dks Hkh fo+Q;ker dh ?kM+h dk lgh le; ekywe ugha FkkA
izrhr gksrk gS fd bLyke dh vU; ekU;rkvksa osQ leku] fo+Q;ker osQ le; dh vKkurk dk
fopkj Hkh ckbfcy ls fy;k x;k gS] tgk khtl dks Hkh Û;k; osQ fnu*dk irk ugha FkkA ckbfcy
dgrh gSU;k; dh ml ?kM+h dks dksbZ ugha tkurk] LoxZ esa jgus okys iQfj'rs Hkh ugha] bZ'oj iq=k
(thkl) Hkh ugha tkurk flok; iQknj (ijes'oj) osQA (ekoZQ 13 % 3233)
oqQjku osQ jpus okys vYykg us Hkys gh fo+Q;ker dh fuf'pr rkjh[k ugha crkbZ ijarq mlus
vjcokfl;ksa dks mu fLFkfr;ksa ,oa y{k.kksa dks vo'; crk fn;k tks fo+Q;ker osQ fnu gksaxsA
9 -2 fo+Q;ker D;k gS \
40
bLyke esa fo+Q;ker ,d egoiw.kZ vokkj.kk gSA oqQjku esa ;g 'kCn pkSalB ckj vk;k gS rFkk
blosQ fy, ipgkj i;kZ;okph 'kCn iz;ksx fd, x, gSaA ;g nks vFkks esa vkrk gSigyk fo+Q;ker dk
fnu ;kuh vYykg }kjk eqlyekuksa osQ deks dk U;k; djus dk fnuA nwljk fo+Q;ker osQ fnu l`f"V dh
HkkSfrd fLFkfrA fo+Q;ker dk fnu vo'; vk,xkA (42 % 47)A og U;k; dk fnu gS ftl fnu lwj
ctsxkA (20 % 102 _ 6 % 73)A yksx viuh&viuh dcjksa ls uaxs gh fudydj vYykg osQ lkeus
is'k gksaxsA (16 % 36) iSxEcj eqgEen us vk;'kk dks dgkfo+Q;ker osQ fnu yksx uaxs cnu] uaxs
iko vkSj fcuk [kruk fd, ,d x, LFkku ij tek fd, tk,xsA vk;'kk us iwNk D;k ogk fL=k;k vkSj
iq#"k Hkh uaxs vkSj ,d nwljs dh vksj ns[ksaxs \ rc iSxEcj us tokc fn;k fd mudk rc ,d nwljs dh
vksj ns[kuk rks xaHkhj ekeyk gksxkA (eqfLye] [kaM- 4 % 6844 i`- 1791) euq"; thou esa tks oqQN
djrk gS vYykg osQ iQfj'rs mls fy[krs tkrs gSa] ogh fo+Q;ker osQ fnu mlosQ lkeus is'k gksxkA (42
% 2829)A gj euq"; dk iQfj'rk mlosQ deZ i=k is'k djsxkA (50 % 23) vYykg euq";ksa osQ
deks dk iSQlyk djsxkA (7 % 79)A vkneh ejus osQ ckn ls ysdj fo+Q;ker rd bPNk osQ
ckotwn okfil ugha vk ldrkA (23 % 100)A ,slh fLFkfr esa dksbZ 'kghn vius deZ i=kksa dks
vYykg osQ lkeus is'k fd, cxSj tUur esa Hkyk oSQls tk ldrk gS \
9 -3 fo+Q;ker osQ fnu osQ y{k.k
oqQjku osQ vuqlkj ;g vpkud vk,xh vkSj lkjh nqfu;k rgl ugl gks tk,xhA tSls
fo+Q;ker osQ fnu igkM+ gV tk,xsaA (18 % 1718) kjrh iQV tk,xhA (50 % 44)
vkleku dkius yxsxk] igkM+ kquh gqbZ mQu dh rjg mM+us yxsaxsA (52 % 9 % 10) vkleku
iQVdj xqykch gks tk,xkA (55 % 37)
(i)
(ii)
tehu Hkwpky ls dkius yxsxhA igkM+ pwjk&pwjk gks tk,xsA fiQj os xqckj cudj mM+us
yxsaxsA (56 % 16) tc lwj iwQdk tk,xk rks lc VwV&VwVdj cjkcj gks tk,xkA (69 % 1318)
vkleku fi?kys gq, rkcs dh rjg gks tk,xsA (70 % 69) vk[ksa pqfk;k tk,xhA pkn dks xzg.k
yx tk,xk] lw;Z vkSj paek fey tk,xsA (75 % 79)
(iii)
Hkwpky ij Hkwpky vk,xsA (79 % 69)A tc lw;Z dks yisV fn;k tk,xkA rkjs izdk'kghu
gks tk,xsA igkM+ pyk, tk,xs] leq mcy iM+sxsaA (81 % 16) vkleku iQV tk,xkA (84 % 1)
oqQjku osQ fgUnh Hkk";dkj eqgEen iQk#d [kWk vkSj Mk- vgen fo+Q;ker dh ifjHkk"kk djrs gq,
fy[krs gSfo+Q;keriqu#RFkku] egkizy;A ,d ,sls fnu ls vfHkizsr gS tc orZeku yksd dh O;oLFkk
fNUu&fHkUu gks tk,xhA lkjs vfodkjh ej tk,xsA blosQ i'pkr~ vYykg ,d nwljh l`f"V dh jpuk
djsxkA lkjs yksx iqu% thfor djosQ mBk, tk,sxa s vkSj mUgsa muosQ deksZ dk cnyk fn;k tk,xkA ;gh
fnu fo+Q;ker dk gksxkA (i`- 602)
fo+Q;ker dh mijksDr ifjHkk"kk osQ vuqlkj izR;sd eqlyeku osQ vPNs vkSj cqjs deksZ dk iSQlyk
fo+Q;ker osQ fnu osQ ckn gksxkA tc vPNs deZ djus okyksa dks ^tUur* vkSj cqjs deZ djus okyksa dks
41
^tgUue* dh vkx esa iSaQdk tk,xkA vr% vPNs deZ djus okys 'kghn dks Hkh ftgkn osQ cnys
^tUur* nwljh l`f"V esa fo+Q;ker osQ ckn gh feysxkA 'kghn gksrs gh iQkSju tUur ugha feysxhA
la{ksi esa lkj ;g gS fd fo+Q;ker osQ fnu leLr l`f"V dk fouk'k gks tk,xkA ekuo tkfr dk
iw.kZ lagkj gh ugha cfYd izfr Hkh iwjh rjg rgl&ugl gks tk,xhA vr% oqQjku fofHkUu fLFkfr;ksa dh
rks ckr djrh gS rFkk yksxksa dks csgn Mjkrh gS] ijarq og fLFkfr fdrus fnuksa] eghuksa ,oa o"kks ckn
fuf'pr :i ls fdl fnu vk,xh] mlosQ ckjs esa oqQN ugha dgrhA fo+Q;ker cl ;dk;d vk,xh]
bruh Hkj dgrh gSA oSKkfudksa osQ vuqlkj ;g fLFkfr pkj vjc o"kZ ckn vk,xhA
tks n;kyq vYykg iSxEcj eqgEen dh lHkh ikfjokfjd leL;kvksa] ifRu;ksa dh dyg vkfn dk
bygke }kjk rRdky lekkku ns ldrk gS rks og loZK vYykg fo+Q;ker osQ le; dks D;ksa ugha crk
ldrk \ bldk ;gh vFkZ gqvk fd loZK vYykg Hkh fo+Q;ker dk lgh le; ugha tkurk gSA
fo+Q;ker dh tks fLFkfr;k oqQjku esa crykbZ xbZ gSa os 'kk;n yk[kksa] djksM+ksa o"kks ckn vk, ;k u Hkh
vk, dksbZ ugha tkurkA ,slk izrhr gksrk gS fd vYykg vkSj iSxEcj eqgEen us fo+Q;ker osQ vfuf'pr
fnu tUur nsus dk izyksHku blhfy, fn;k rkfd ^bZeku okys* xSj&eqlyekuksa dks bLyke Lohdkj djkus
osQ fy, yacs le; rd yxkrj ftgkn djrs jgsaA ijarq mijksDr izek.kksa ls bruk Li"V gS fd fdlh Hkh
fiQnk;hu ,oa 'kghn dks ejrs gh fdlh gkykr esa Hkh iQkS ju tUur ugha feys xkA mls Hkh lkekU; eq l yeku
dh rjg fo+ Q ;ker osQ fnu rd ,d dcj esa izrh{kk djuh iM+sxh vkSj u og vius fdlh fj'rsnkj dh
tUur vkfn osQ fy, fliQkfj'k gh dj losQxkA

tSls fo+Q;ker dk fnu vfuf'pr gS] oSls gh 'kghn dk tUur esa iQkSju izos'k Hkh vfuf'pr gSA
tSls fo+Q;ker ,d dkYifud fnu gS] mlh rjg tUur Hkh ,d liuk gS] ,d e`x ejhfpdk gSA ;fn
bls ftgkn osQ fy, izyksHku ek=k dgsa rks loZFkk mfpr gksxkA vr% fdlh eqlyeku ,oa 'kghn dks
tUur fo+Q;ker osQ ckn gh feysxk] tks fd vfuf'pr gSA
42
1010- eq[; lkjka'k

oqQjku vkSj gnhlksa osQ mijksDr dFkuksa ls lqLi"V gS fd bLykeh tUur dkeoklukvksa] ykylkvksa
vkSj lkalkfjd ykypksa ls Hkjk iM+k gS ftUgsa Loa; iSxEcj eqgEen us vjc osQ cnk;wuksa dks yqHkkus rFkk
fujijkk iSxuksa] ftUgksaus vYykg osQ keZ dks ekuus ls badkj fd;k Fkk] dks ywVus] gR;k djus ,oa
Hk;Hkhr djus osQ fy, izpkfjr fd;k FkkA iSxEcj eqgEen us vuqHko fd;k fd vius vjc lkezkT; osQ
okafNr ms'; dh iwfrZ osQ fy, mls vf'kf{kr] vR;Ur xjhc vkSj ?kqeUrq cnk;wuksa dks] yqHkkus ,oa
laxfBr dj vius 'k=kq iSxuksa vkSj ;gwfn;ksa ls yM+us osQ fy, mdlkus dh vR;Ur t:jr gSA og
HkyhHkkfr tkurk Fkk fd vjcksa osQ fy, dkSu&dkSu ls inkFkZ vkd"kZd gks ldrs FksA og ;g Hkh tkurk
Fkk fd vjc yksx vR;Ur dkekrqj vkSj 'kjkc osQ 'kkSdhu gSaA
blosQ vykok vjc osQ jsfxLrku esa ikuh vkSj gfj;kyh dk vR;Ur vHkko gS ftuosQ fy, lHkh
ykykf;r jgrs FksA mlus cnk;wuksa dks yqHkkus osQ fy, tUur dk vR;Ur eueksgd Hkksxfoykliw.kZ o.kZu
fd;kA ogk muosQ fy, vuUr dky rd fo"k; Hkksx osQ fy, vlhe lqanjh ;qok oqQokjh xksjh
cM+h&cM+h dkyh vk[kksa okyh gwjksa dk tks o.kZu fd;k mlus mUgsa eqXk dj fn;kA ogk osQ Lokfn"V
43
Hkkstu] 'kjkc vkSj oSHkoiw.kZ thou osQ o.kZuksa us muosQ fny vkSj fnekx dks vkdf"kZr fd;kA buesa
lcls vfkd yqHkkus okyh yM+kbZ esa foftr yksxksa dh nks phtsa FkhaywV dk eky vkSj vusdksa gwfj;ksa
osQ lkFk lnSo fo"k; Hkksx tks fd os bl thou esa dHkh dYiuk Hkh ugha dj ldrs FksA ifj.kkeLo:i
os fuHkhZd yM+kowQ gksdj vkSj tYnh ls tYnh yM+dj ejus osQ ckn tUur osQ lq[kksa dks Hkksxus osQ fy,
ykykf;r gks x,A ;s izyksHku gh eq[; dkj.k Fks ftuosQ iQyLo:i izkjafHkd dky esa eqgEen dks
iSxuksa ij thr ij thr feyrh xbZA
blosQ vfrfjDr tgUue osQ Hk;kud vfXuiw.kZ o.kZuksa us Hkh cnk;wuksa dks blls cpus osQ fy,
eqgEen dk vkKkdkjh cuk fn;kA fuLlansg tgUue dh vkx dk Hk; vkSj tUur dks gwfj;ksa osQ
vkd"kZ.k us vjch cnk;wuksa dks eqgEen osQ fo'o lkezkT; osQ ms'; esa egku lgk;d cuk;kA vkt Hkh
nksk[k dh vkx dk Hk; vkSj tUur osQ ej.kksijkUr Hkh ;kSu&lq[k ,oa okluke; thou osQ izyksHku
yk[kksa eqlyekuksa dks vkdf"kZr dj jgs gSa] Hkys gh okLro esa os dHkh iwjs u gksaA
bLykeh tUur ,d dYiuk ek=k gSA vkt foKku us c.M dk tks Kku fo'o dks fn;k gS] mlesa
tUur tSlk dksbZ LFkku ugha gS] tks lksus&pknh vkSj ghjs&eksfr;ksa dk cuk gks] ftlesa ufn;k ,oa fofHkUu
izdkj dh ouLifr;k rFkk ckx&cxhpsa vkfn gksaA ;g bLyke dh dYiuk ek=k gS ftldh oSKkfud
iqf"V vlaHko gSA
gnhlksa osQ mijksDr vusdksa izek.kksa ls lqLi"V gks x;k gS fd fdlh Hkh 'kghn ;k fiQnk;hu dks
fo+Q;ker osQ fnu ls igys tUur ugha feysxk vkSj fo+Q;ker dc vk,xh dksbZ ugha tkurkA tc
fo+Q;ker dk fnu gh vfuf'pr o dkYifud gS rks tUur feyuk Hkh vfuf'pr o dkYifud gSA
blfy, fo}kuksa dk dkZO; gS fd os bl >wB dk iQnkZiQk'k djsa fd fdlh 'kghn dks tUur iQkSju
feysxkA blls u osQoy gtkjksa ;qod&;qofr;ksa osQ izk.kksa dh j{kk gksxh cfYd bLyke dh lPpkbZ Hkh
LFkkfir gksxhA
blhfy, nk'kZfud bZ- jSuku dk ;g dguk loZFkk mfpr izrhr gksrk gS fd
eqlyeku blosQ (iQkSju tUur feyus osQ Hkze osQ) lcls igys f'kdkj gSaA vusdksa ckj eSaus
viuh iwohZ ns'kksa dh ;k=kkvksa esa ns[kk gS fd (kkfeZd) dV~Vjiu oqQN FkksM+s ls [krjukd yksxksa ls
vkrk gS tks nwljs yksxksa }kjk keZ dks viukus osQ fy, vkradokn dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA eql yekuksa dks
vius (dV~Vjiu) ls eqD r djkuk (mudh) lcls mke lso k gS tks fd dksbZ muosQ fy, dj
ldrk gSA (kb vkbZ- ,e,e- ukWV , eq f Lye] bcUu ojkd] dojis t)
vkt fo'o osQ vfkdka'k ns'kksa esa fofHkUu keks] erksa ,oa fopkjkkjkvksa osQ yksx jgrs gSa ftuesa
ikjLifjd lg;ksx ,oa lfg".kqrk dh vko';drk gSA oSfnd laLfr osQ ewyea=k ^ft;ks vkS j thus nks *
dh laLfr viukus dk le; gSA
44
orZeku foKku us tUur osQ o.kZuksa osQ [kks[kysiu dks lcosQ lkeus izLrqr dj fn;k gSA vr% u
osQoy xSj&eqlyekuksa cfYd eqlyeku ;qodksa osQ cgqeYw ; thou dks Hkh ftgkn vkSj fiQnk;hu geyksa
ls cpkuk foosd'khy eqfLyeksa ,oa xSj&eqfLye fo}kuksa dh izkFkfedrk gksuh pkfg,A
vusd eqfLye fo}ku Hkh tUur dks dkYifud ekurs gSaA exj vko';drk gS fd bl vfHk;ku dks
vkSj vfkd rst djosQ eqfLye ;qodksa dks jpukRed] izxfr'khy vkSj ekuoksi;ksxh fn'kk dh vksj
izsfjr fd;k tk, rFkk ftgkn osQ uke ij mUgsa ejus ls cpk;k tk,A
;gk le>us vkSj le>kus dh ckr ;g gS fd tc bLykeh keZ xzaFk&oqQjku vkSj gnhlsa ,oa Loa;
iSxEcj eqgEen osQ dFku gesa Li"V crkrs gSa fd fdlh O;fDr] 'kghn vkSj fi+Qnk;hu dks i+QkSju tUur
ugha feysxk] fo+Q;ker osQ fnu ij gh feysxk tks fd vfuf'pr gS] l`f"V fouk'k (izy;) ls igys
ugha gS vkSj ;gh bLyke dk lPpk lans'k gS rks eqYyk&ekSyfo;ksa dk kkfeZd dkZO; gS fd os keZxzaFkksa
osQ mijksDr lp dks eqfLye ;qod&;qofr;ksa dks crk, vkSj bUgsa iQkSju tUur feyus osQ >wBs izyksHku
u nsaA mUgsa fiQnk;hu geyksa }kjk vkRegR;k vkSj vU; yksxksa dh gR;k djus ls Hkh cpk, D;ksafd
vkRegR;k djus okyk rks ^tgUue* esa gh tk,xkA blfy, n;kyq vYykg] iSxEcj eqgEen ,oa keZxzaFkksa
dh mijksDr vkKkvksa dk ikyu djuk gh bLyke vkSj ekuork dh lPph lsok gSA
lanHkZ
vuoj 'ks[k (2002) ^bLykedkeokluk vkSj fgalk*] nh fizUlhifyVh ifCy'klZ iks- cks- 918] dkfMZiQ] ;w- osQnSfud tkxj.k (24-4-2008) ubZ fnYyh laLdj.kA
ekSykuk eqgEen iQk#d [kkW ] MkMk - eqgEen vgen (2005) ifo=k oqQjvku] ekqj laans'k laxe] tkfe;k uxj] ubZ fnYyhA
Abu Dawud (2007) Sunan Abu Dawud tr. Ahmed Hasan 3 vols. Kitab Bhawan, New Delhi
Anwar Shaikh (1998) Islamic Jehad in Islam and Human Rights, A. Ghosh, Pub. Houston, USA.
Bayat, Mufti Zubair (2005) The Maidens of Paradise, Idara Ishaat Diniyat, New Delhi.
Erfani M. E. (2004) AZ Ready Reference of the Quran Good word Books Delhi.
Fazal E Ammal (1994) Soukhal Hadith vol. 1., M. M. Zakarriya, Idara Ishaat Diniyat, Delhi.
Ibn E. Majah (2000) Sunan Ibn E. Majah Eng, tr, by Tufail Muhammad Ansari, 5 Vols. Kitab Bhawan, New
Delhi.
Imam Bukhari (1987) Sahih Al. Bukhari Eng. tr, by Muhammad Muhsin Khan, 9 vols. Kitab Bhawan, New
Delhi.
45
Imam Malik (2003) Muwatta, Eng, tr, by Prof. Muhammad Rahimuddin, Kitab Bhawan, New Delhi.
Imam Muslim (2000) Sahih Muslim, Eng, tr, by Hamid Siddiqi, 4 vols. Kitab Bhawan, New Delhi.
Imam Tirmizi Jame Tirmizi
Jan Sangh Today (March 2008) Monthly Magazine, New Delhi.
Mishqat ul-Masahib (2001) Eng, tr, by Maulana Fazlul Karim, 4 Vol, Islamic Book Service, New Delhi.
More. S (2004) Islam, Rajhans, pune
Pioneer Daily (18.5.2008) New Delhi Edition
Renan, E. (1995) in Why I am Not a Muslim, ed. Ibn Warraq Prometheus Books. NewYork
Trifkovic Serge (2002) The Sword of the Probhet, Regina Orthodox Press inc. Boston.
46
e`R ;q&mijkUr ;kSu&lq[k

bLyke dh fo'ks"krk
vuoj 'ks[k
^^;kSu&lq[ k osQ izfr ekuo dh nqc Zyrk dks fopkjdj bLyke us

dkeokluk dh r` fIr osQ fy, ,d vlkkkj.k flkar izLrqr fd;k gS tks fd
cgqr yqHkkouk] lq[ kn ,oa {kqkk r` f Irnk;d gSA blosQ vuqlkj dkeksiHkksx dh
yyd e` R;q osQ mijkUr Hkh lekIr ugha gksrh D;ksafd ;fn og O;fDr
eqlyeku gS rks mls iq u% thfor fd;k tk,xk vkSj mls tUur esa LFkku
&lqq[ k HkksxsxkA ogk ij
feysxk tgk ij og viuh bPNkuqlkj fnu&jkr ;kSu&l
;kSu lq[ k osQoy iq#"kksa osQ fy, gh vkjf{kr gSa vkS j tUur dh gwjs a (lqUnjre
oqQekjh dU;k,sa) vius iq#"k Lokfe;ksa dh iw .kZr;k vkKkdkfj.kh gSaA ;g fopkj
bLykeh ;kSu euksfoKku dk izfrfufkRo djrk gS D;ksafd ;g uch osQ
n` f"Vdks.k ;kuh fd uj dh izHkqRo dh yyd cuke ukjh dk dkekd"kZ.k ls
esy [kkrk gS ftlesa L=kh vius vkidks iq#"k osQ le{k 'kkjhfjd o ekufld
vkSj dykRed yqHkkousiu lesr iw.kZr% leiZ .k dj nsr h gS A bl izdkj uj dks
lq[ k igqpkuk gh ukjh dk ,d ek=k lq[ k gS* *bLyke% dke okluk vkSj
fgalk] (i` - 67)
47
^tUur* osQ fy, ^ftgkn*

fuLlansg vYykg us ^bZeku* okyksa ls muosQ izk.kksa vkSj muosQ ekyksa dks blosQ cnys
esa [kjhn fy;k gS fd muosQ fy, ^tUur* gS % os vYykg osQ ekxZ esa yM+rs gSa rks os
ekjrs Hkh gSa vkSj ekjs Hkh tkrs gSaA ;g vYykg osQ ftEes
(^tUur* dk) ,d iDdk oknk gS ^rkSjkr* vkSj ^bathy* vkSj ôqQjku* esa vkSj vYykg
ls c<+dj vius okns dks iwjk djus okyk dkSu gks ldrk gS \ (9 % 111)
vkSj ;fn rqe vYykg osQ ekxZ esa ekjs x, ;k ej x,] rks vYykg dh {kek vkSj
n;kyqrk mu llcc phtksa ls mke gS ftUgsa ;s yksx bdB~Bk djrs gSa vkSj ;fn rqe ejs ;k
ekjs x,] vYykg gh osQ ikl bdB~Bs fd, tkvksxsA (3 % 157158)
tUur osQ lcls fupys ry ij osQ O;fDr osQ ikl lkr eaftysa gksaxh vkSj og lkrosa
lkSS ukSdj Hkh gksaxs tks fd mlosQ fy,
ry osQ uhps NBs ry ij gksxkA mlosQ ikl rhu lk
lqcg vkSj 'kke rhu lkS [kkus dh IysVsa yk,xsA IysVsa lksus vkSj pknh dh cuh gksaxh vkSj
izR;sd IysV esa ,d&nwl js ls fHkUu izdkj dk [kkuk gksxkA og vkf[kjh IysV osQ Lokn dk
vkuan igyh IysV osQ leku mBk,xkA ukSdj mlosQ ffy,
y, rhu lkS Xykl Hkh yk,xs vkSj
izR;sd fxykl osQ is; dk izdkj nwljs ls fHkUu gksxkA og vkf[kjh fxykl osQ is; dk
mBk,xk-----tUur
vkuan igys fxykl osQ leku mBk,xk
---tUur esa gj O;fDr dh mldh lkal kfjd chfc;ksa
osQ vykok gwjksa esa ls cgkj chfo;k Hkh gksaxh vkSj muesa ls ,d dh pkSM+kbZ ,d ehy
dh gksxhA (vgen] vcw ;kyk] c;kr] i`- 36&37)
48

Islam Me Jihad & Jannat

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Islam Me Jihad & Jannat

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

1

PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com

ftgkfn;ks a dks tUuros Qoy fo+ Q;ker cknMkW

fgUnw jkbVlZ iQksj e

2- tUurthou dk ewy ms';

2 -1 ej.kkskj thou esa lS D l&bLyke dh fo'ks "krk

3- ftgkn vkSj tUur

(ektkg] [ka M 2 % i`- 182)

3 -4 ftgkfn;ksa dks vYykg osQ iqjLdkjksa dk vk'oklu

(eq f Lye] [ka M 3 % 4626 i`- 1256)

4- fi+Qnk;hu geys xSj&bLykeh

tgUue esa tk,xkA

4 -3 fiQnk;hu geys vekuoh; ,oa xS j&bLykeh

5- tUur dk Lo:i ,oa thou

(fe'dr] [ka M- 4 % 6 _ i`- 161)

% 6786 i`- 1779_ fe'dr] [ka M- 4 % 4 _ i`- 160)

(fe'dr] [ka M- 4 % 19 _ i`- 166)

% 7] i`- 161&162 _ eq f Lye] [ka M- 4 % 6792 _ i`- 1781)

izR;sd u'khyk is; gjke gS(ektkg] [kaM&4 % 3388] i`- 489)

4 % 3371] i`- 481)

5 -7 vkus&tkus osQ lkku

6- tUur dh gwjksa dk lkSU n;Z

exj iz'u mBrk gS fd bl nqfu;k dh L=kh dks tUur esa D;k

6 -2 lkalkfjd L=kh vkS j gwj esa dkS u csgrj \

c;kr (i`i`- 21)

crykrk gS fd jlwyqYykg us dgktUur esa ,d iq#"k dks bl lalkj dh ifRu;ksa

7- tUur esa lSDl osQ izy ksHku

djrs Fks) vkSj rc mudh ukS ifRu;k FkhA

(cq [kkjh [ka M&1 % 268] rFkk 270 i`- 165&166)

fcu vyh mLekg] bCUu vch gkfre_ c;kr] i`- 45)

8- D;k 'kghn dks fo'ks"kkfkdkj izkIr gS \

2493_ i`- 691_ ektkg] [ka M- 4 % 2804 _ i`- 163)

555] i`- 417)

(eq f Lye] [ka M- 3

% 4695] i`- 1272 _ ektkg] [ka M- 4 % 2797 i`- 158)

% 2516] i`- 699)

og (vYykg) U;k; fnykus okys fnu dk Lokeh gSA

8 -4 D;k iS xEcj eqg Een dks fli+Qkfj'k djus dk vfkdkj Fkk

8 -6 'kghn dh vkRek fpfM+ ;ksa osQ 'kjhj esas

vcq y dkfle] i`- 222)

2 % 382 _ i`- 161)

9- tUur vkSj fo+Q;ker

tUur vkfn osQ fy, fliQkfj'k gh dj losQxkA

1010- eq[; lkjka'k

e`R ;q&mijkUr ;kSu&lq[k

^^;kSu&lq[ k osQ izfr ekuo dh nqc Zyrk dks fopkjdj bLyke us

^tUur* osQ fy, ^ftgkn*

You might also like