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Description Figure shows the circuit of the Metal Detector . Here I have used a coil and some transistor switching and a 555 mono stable multi vibrator for making this circuit . Use a 22 nH toroid coil at the L1 .Part list and applications are showing below . Part List Component No: Value Usage R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 C1 C2 C3 C4 Q1 Q2 L1 B1 U1 1.5k 10k 10K 1K Oscillation Base Biasing Base Biasing Current Limiting
103PF Discharging 103PF Noise Grounding 100PF Oscillation 1MF Coupling BC548 Switching BC548 Switching 22nH Oscillation 6V Sound NE555 Mono Stable
Notes. The circuit can be assembled on a vero board. The output current should not be allowed to exceed 70mA. IC1 must be mounted on a holder.
Here is a versatile remote controlled switch that can ON or OFF any appliance connected to it using a TV remote. IR remote sensor IC TSOP 1738 is used for receiving the signal. Normally when no signal is falling on IC3 the output of it will be high. This makes Q1 OFF.When a signal of 38 KHz from the TV remote falls on the IC3 its output goes low.This makes Q1 conduct and a negative pulse is obtained at pin 2 of IC 1 NE 555. Due to this IC1 wired as a monostable multivibrator produces a 4 Sec long high signal at its out put.This high out put is the clock for IC 2 which is wired as a Flipflop and of , its two outputs pin 3 goes low and pin 2 goes high. The high output at pin 2 is amplified to drive the relay. For the next signal the outputs of IC2 toggles state. Result, we get a relay toggling on each press on the remote. Any appliance connected to this circuit can be switched ON or OFF.
Remote Controlled Switch Circuit Diagram with Parts List
Notes:
* Before wiring the circuit make sure that the carrier frequency of the TV remote you have is 38 kHz.For that wire the sensor part only ,point your remote to the TSOP1738 and press any switch.If out put of TSOP1738 goes low then OK, your remote is of 38Khz type.Nothing to worry almost all TV remote are of this type. * You can use any switch of the remote because for any switch the code only changes, the carrier frequency remains same.We need this carrier frequency only. * Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB or common board.
* The appliance can be connected through NO or NC and C contacts of the relay . * Use a regulated 6V power supply for the circuit.
Notes.
Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB or common board. For assembling the sensor cut a 22 inch mica or plastic sheet. Arrange two single stranded wires (running parallel 2mm close to each other) on the sheet as shown in figure below. Remember the wires have to be non-insulated. Sensor ready. Now you can connect the points A&B on the sensor to corresponding points A&B on the circuit. POT R2 can be used to adjust the sensitivity. To test the circuit, make all connections and power up.Place a drop of water on the sensor so that two wires become shorted through water. Now the alarm starts sounding. If not adjust R2 to get the alarm sounding. Use a 9v battery or a 9V regulated DC supply for powering the circuit.
Do not connect speakers less than8 Ohm impedance as load. It will damage the IC. A piezo buzzer can be also used instead of the speaker.
Sensor schematic.
Circuit diagram.
The probes can be arranged as shown in the diagram above. Insulated Aluminium wires can be used as the probes. The probes can be binded on a plastic rod and should be erected vertically inside the tank. The length of the probes wires and the supporting plastic rod must be chosen according to the depth of the tank. Since DC is used in the level sensing section electrolysis will occur in the probes and so the probes require small maintenances in 1 or 2 month intervals. Using AC in the sensing section will completely eliminates the chance of electrolysis and I am presently working on such a circuit. You can expect it soon. Notes.
The relay I used was a 5V/220 ohm relay and thats why the current limits resistor R12 was added in the circuit. If you use a 12V relay then the R12 can be shorted. Do not use a relay that consumes 500mA. Maximum collector current PN2222 can handle is 600mA. Use insulated single strand aluminium wires for probe and they can be arranged in the tank as per the probe arrangement diagram. Use a holder for mounting NE555. The circuit can be assembled on a Perf board. K1 must be a double pole relay. The load current, voltage ratings of the relay must be selected according to the ratings of the pump motor. The type number of the transistors used here are not very critical and you can do suitable replacements if any type number is not available. Most of the components required for this project can be found inside your scrap box.
A classic 12V regulated DC supply based on 7812 is shown above. A power ON indicator LED is also added in the circuit.Resistor R13 limits the LED current. A small aluminium heatsink can be fitted to the 7812 for better saftey.Small Al heatsinks for TO-220 package are readily available in the market.
Notes.
The coil L1 can be made by making 150 turns of 36 SWG enameled copper wire on a 5mm dia plastic former.Or you can purchase a 10 uH coil from shop if available. The circuit can be powered from a 6V battery. Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB. C1 & C3 are to be polyester capacitors. The electrolytic capacitor C2 must be rated 10V.
Notes.
Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB or common board. The circuit can be powered from a 9V battery or 9V DC power supply. The IC1 NE555 could be mounted on a holder.
Notes.
Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB or common board. The time duration can be set by varying the POT R5. The switch S1 can be a push button switch. The IC1 must be mounted on an IC base.
Notes.
The lamp L1 can be a 6V / 200 mA lamp. The switch S1 can be SPST ON/OFF switch. The IC1 must be mounted on a holder. The circuit can be wired on a good quality PCB or common board.