Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Martin
A summary of Joanne Martin's three perspectives or approaches to culture. Taken from Cameron, K., et. al. (2006); Diagnosing and changing organizational culture (p. 60-61) There are three perfectly valid perspectives to culture
Integration Culture is what people shares Is the glue that holds them together Consensus can be detected Differentiation Culture is manifested by differences among subunits Organization's culture is fraught with conflicts of interest Consensus about what common culture exists is fiction Fragmentation Culture is ambiguous Culture is unknowable Describes not an attribute of an organization but the inherent nature of the organization itself
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Why bother to study culture? To generate commitment To increase productivity To perpetuate personal values
Any organizational culture contains elements congruent with all three viewpoints
The analyst cannot wear "the lens" of one or another approach, and who the researcher is affects what he or she sees The analysis is always subjective This is the reason why and how many cultural researches have disagreed about such fundamental ideas
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