MICROCONTROLLER BASED RAIL TRACKING AND ACCIDENT AVOIDANCE SYSTEM ABSTRACT

AIM: The main objective of this project is to develop an embedded system, which is rail tracking and accident avoidance system.

IMPLEMENTATION: This project is implemented 8051 based At89s52 developed board interfaced with IR Sensor, H-Bridge driver, Motors.

BLOCK DIAGRAM: 555 TIMER

IR TX1

IR RX1

IR TX2

IR RX2

MICROCONTROLLER AT89S52

L293D

RPS

CRYSTAL

MOTORS

MOTORS

POWER SUPPLY:

Step Down Transformer

Bridge Rectifier

Filter Circuit

Regulator section

DESCRIPTION:

Automatic half-barrier (AHB) Access prevented by means of two half-barriers that block the flow of road traffic, but not the exits leaving an escape route for trapped motorists. The primary protection is a combination of road traffic light signals, audible warning devices and the half-barriers. The lights and sirens are activated at a set time before the operation of the barriers. The operation of the barriers is initiated automatically as the train approaches. The barriers rise automatically when the train has passed, unless there is another train approaching that would arrive within the time needed to operate the crossing sequence. Crossing equipment condition is monitored remotely when the railway line is open. In addition, telephones are provided for public use and connected to the monitoring point. Our embedded system board consists of a microcontroller interfaced with IR sensor, H-Bridge driver and motors. The IR Sensors are placed on either side of the gate. Assuming the train is arriving from the direction of IR1 sensor, when the train is detected at IR1 Sensor the gate is closed which is isndicated through the movement of the motor in clock wise direction and when the train is detected at IR2 Sensor the gate is opened which is indicated through the movement of the motor in anti clock wise direction. Wise versa when the train is arriving from IR2 sensor direction.

The system uses a compact circuitry build around flash version of AT89S52 microcontroller with a non volatile memory Programs are developed using Embedded C, compiled using RIDE tool. ISP is used to dump the code into microcontroller.

SOFTWARE: Embedded C RIDE to write code ISP to burn the chip

HARDWARE: At89s52 based our own developed board Power Supply IR Sensor H-Bridge driver Motors

ADVANTAGES: Low cost, automated operation, Low Power consumption.

REFERENCES 1. The 8051 micro controller and embedded systems by Mazidi. 2. www.wikipedia.org 3. WWW.atmel.com 4. www.8051projects.com 5. Embedded systems with 8051 by kenith j ayala