Trn nh Thng Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Tng quan v CFD

Trong bi vit ny, ti s c gng trnh by ngn gn ni dung cm t vit tt
CFD. Ci nhn tng quan nht v tm quan trng v nhng lnh vc m CFD mang li
nhng gi tr v cng ln. Xem xt r hn v lnh vc m nhm vnCFD ang quan tm
CFD trong c hc cht lu v thy-kh ng lc hc.

Tng quan v CFD

CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics: y l mt lnh vc khoa hc s dng
cc phng php s kt hp vi cng ngh m phng trn my tnh gii quyt cc
bi ton lin quan n cc yu t chuyn ng ca mi trng, c tnh l ha ca cc
qu trnh trong mi trng ang xt, c tnh sc bn ca mi trng, c tnh nhit
ng, c tnh ng hc, hay c tnh ng lc hc hoc kh ng lc hc, c tnh lc,
hoc lc-m ment v tng tc ca cc mi trng vi nhau, ph thuc vo tng i
tng v phm vi c th ca tng vn , tng lnh vc khoa hc m CFD c th ng
dng c. Nh vy, CFD khng ch n thun l Computational Fluid Dynamics
kh ng lc hc tnh ton nh ci tn ban u ca n.
CFD c pht trin, ng dng v mang li hiu qu cao trong cc lnh vc c
hc mi trng cht lu (kh, lng, plasma, ) v mi trng bin dng, n hi,
Trn thc t, CFD c ng dng rng ri vo cc ngnh khoa hc tin tin v cng
ngh cao cng nh cc ngnh khoa hc phc v dn sinh. Chng hn, CFD c ng
dng m phng v chuyn ng ca tu v tr vi vn tc siu thanh v dng chy
bao cng nh cc yu t kh ng tc dng ln cc vt th bay ni chung. CFD c
ng dng vo ngnh i dng hc m phng tm quy lut cc dng bin nng, lnh
v tc ng ca chng ln kh hu ton cu, CFD c ng dng trong y t m
phng qu trnh hon lu mu hai vng tun hon, nh hng ca cc yu t bn
trong, bn ngoi ln nhp p cng nh sc khe ca ni tng ni ring, ton b c th
ni chung,

Trn nh Thng Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Tht kh c th k ht phm vi ng dng ca CFD. Di y chng ta ch lit k
s qua nhng lnh vc ni bt nht m CFD ng vai tr nh mt cng c hu hiu
khng th thiu nghin cu, ng dng, cng nh pht trin chng ln cp cng
nghip, mang li nhiu thnh tu rc r nht. l:

C hc cht lu v thy kh ng lc hc;

Vt liu hc v sc bn vt liu;
Cng nghip ch to my;
Ngnh nng lng nguyn t;
Ngnh ch to t;
Cng ngh composite;
Cng nghip du kh;
ng dn;
Va chm v ph hy;
Pht trin ng dng khoa hc cng ngh;
Y hc;
Kh tng;
Sinh hc;
Sinh thi hc;
V cn nhiu lnh vc khc na

Lnh vc c hc cht lu v thy-kh ng lc hc

Cng ngh CFD c p dng nghin cu lnh vc thy-kh ng lc hc rt
sm, v tn gi CFD cng bt ngun t y. Lnh vc thuc ngnh thy kh ng lc
hc s dng cc phng php CFD c pht trin sm, nhanh, rng ri, ngy cng
nhanh v t nhiu thnh t v cng to ln C hc cht lu v thy-kh ng lc
hc tnh ton (CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics), hay thng gi ngn gn l
kh ng lc hc tnh ton.
Chng ta phn tch c th hn v CFD (trong ng cnh ny hiu l kh ng lc
hc tnh ton) trn phng din ng dng, nghin cu v kim duyt cht lng.

Trn nh Thng Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

CFD ng dng
Mt s lnh vc ng dng cng ngh CFD thu c nhiu thnh tu ln ngy
nay:
M phng trn my tnh dng chy bn trong cc phn t ca kt cu
(tua-bin, my nn, my bm, );
Xc nh cc c tnh kh-(khng kh) thy ng lc hc ca cnh
qut, my bm v my nn;
M phng trn my tnh cc dng chy bao quanh vt th bay ch
di m thanh, ln cn m thanh, siu m v siu thanh;
Xc nh cc c tnh kh ng lc ca t, my bay, v cc kt cu
xy dng;
Xc nh ph ti ca gi ln cc chi tit xy dng dn sinh v cng
nghip;
M phng trn my tnh cc qu trnh chy a pha hoc mi trng
a cu t;
Li gii s cc bi ton lin hp v truyn nhit, truyn vt cht.

Cng nghip hng khng v tr

M phng dng chy bao cc phng tin bay,

bin dng cnh trong dng chy di m thanh,
ln cn m thanh, siu m v siu thanh;
Xc nh cc c tnh kh ng lc hc.

Trn nh Thng Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Ngnh cng gnhip ch to t

M phng trn my tnh dng chy bao ngoi

v t;
Xc nh h s ma st mt sn;
M phng trn my tnh qu trnh iu ha cho
sa-lng;
M phng trn my tnh qu trnh lm vic ca
h thng thi kh v lm lnh.
Tham kho thm

Ngnh ch to my

Cc h thng thy tc v kh tc p;
Van, kha van, van tit lu;
Dng chy trong cc gi ng dn;
S thot kh t ng x;
M phng qu trnh n mn.
Tham kho thm

Ngnh cng nghip du kh

M phng chuyn ng ca du v kh trong

cc ng dn;
M phng hot ng ca cc trm bm;
Xc nh cc c tnh thy lc;
Dng chy vi tp cht.
Tham kho thm

Trn nh Thng Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Xy dng

Tnh ton ph ti gi ln nh ca v cc phn

t kt cu;
M phng hat ng ca k v cc cng
trnh che chn;
Thng gi v iu ha trong cc cng trnh;
Dng chy trong cc ng dn.

Nng lng

M phng trn my tnh cc qu trnh din ra

trong cc kt cu tua-bin kh;
Cc bi ton trao i nhit lin hp.

Nng lng nguyn t

m bo tin cy v an ton s dng cc trang thit b c

nhit in khi tng cng sut cc cm pht in ca nh my
in ht nhn.
Tham kho thm

Kim tra (Verification) v kim duyt (Validataion) cc m hnh s v kt qu

phn tch CFD
S dng CFD mt cch hp l v chuyn mn cao ta c th thu c li gii
ng tin cy ca nhiu bi ton kinh in, c gi tr v ngha thit thc trong nhiu
lnh vc ng dng nh cng nghip ch to t, ch to tn la v k thut v tr,
5

Trn nh Thng Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

y l nhng lnh vc m thc nghim iu kin t nhin l v cng phc tp v t
, dng nh l khng th. CFD chnh l gii php hu hiu v ti u.

M phng bng phng php s chy

bao hnh tr vi cc gi tr s Re khc
nhau.
Kim duyt kt qu CFD.
H s lc cn.

Bi ton c in v dng chy ri chy bao

hnh tr.
Kim duyt kt qu m phng CFD.
Profile h s p sut.

Kim duyt kt qu m phng CFD

dng chy siu thnh (s Mach M=3 ..
14).
H s lc cn kh ng.

Kim duyt m hnh tnh ton v kt qu m

phng CFD cho my bm ly tm

Mc lc
Tng quan v CFD .............................................................................................. 1
6

Trn nh Thng Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Lnh vc c hc cht lu v thy-kh ng lc hc ........................................... 2
CFD ng dng ................................................................................................. 3
Cng nghip hng khng v tr .................................................................. 3
Ngnh cng gnhip ch to t.................................................................. 4
Ngnh ch to my ...................................................................................... 4
Ngnh cng nghip du kh ........................................................................ 4
Xy dng ..................................................................................................... 5
Nng lng .................................................................................................. 5
Nng lng nguyn t................................................................................. 5
Kim tra (Verification) v kim duyt (Validataion) cc m hnh s v kt
qu phn tch CFD ..................................................................................................... 5
Mc lc................................................................................................................ 6
Tham kho........................................................................................................... 7

Tham kho
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