Professional Documents
Culture Documents
struktur
menggunakan
bahan
baja
konvensional
2600
900
400
400
450
450
B
C
900
D
E
1800
F
G
900
KETERANGAN :
A = NOK
B = KUDA - KUDA UTAMA
C = KUDA-KUDA 1/4
D = JURAI
E = KUDA-KUDA SETENGAH
F = BRACING
G = GORDING
H = TRACSTANG
17
resistensi, dimana cek tegangan yang terjadi tehadap tegangan leleh ( fy ), dan
kombinasi beban untuk atap sebagai berikut :
w = 1,2 D + 1,6 L
w = 1,2 D + 0,5 L 1,3 W
Keterangan:
D = Beban mati
L = Beban hidup ( akibat pekerja dan air hujan )
W = Beban angin
30o
Bentang Gording
4m
1,299 m
50 kg/m2
Plafond + penggantung
18 kg/m2
Beban angin
25 kg/m2
Beban hidup
100 kg/m
9,27 kg/m
Tegangan leleh ( fy )
2400 kg/m
( 11 + 7 )
A = 10,34 cm
w = 9,27 kg/m
Ix = 721 cm4
Iy = 87,5 cm4
Wx = 72,1 cm3
Wy = 16,8cm3
Y
B
C
Cx
ey
Cy
18
Pembebanan
Beban mati ( qD )
Berat gording Channel 200x75x20x3,2
9,27 kg/m
= 64,95 kg/m
= 0,927 kg/m +
q tot
= 75,147 kg/m
Beban hidup ( qL )
Pekerja di tengah bentang ( P )
= 100 kg
x
q
Beban Mati
( qD = 75,147 kg/m )
qDx = 75,147 x sin 30o = 37,574 kg/m
qDy = 75,147 x cos 30o = 65,079 kg/m
Beban Hidup
( P = 100 kg )
Px = 100 x sin 30o = 50 kg
Py = 100 x cos 30o = 86,602 kg
19
( qL = 20,784 kg/m )
qLx = 20,784 x sin 30o = 10,392 kg/m
qLy = 20,784 x cos 30o = 17,999 kg/m
Beban Angin
qA = qAy = 6,495 kg/m
c. KOMBINASI MOMEN
Mx
1
1
1
1
My1
1
1
1
1
My2
2
1
l 1
l
= (1,2 q Dy + 0,5 q Ly ) + 0,5 Py
8
2 4
2
2
1
l
1,3 q Ay
8
2
2
1
4
4 1
= (1,2 65,079 + 0,5 17,999 ) + 0,5 86,602
8
2
2 4
2
1
4
1,3 6,495
8
2
20
d. Kontrol Tegangan
BJ 37 ( fy = 2400 kg/cm2)
Mx My 20 343,3 35 234,96
+
f =
+
=
Wy Wx 16,8 72,1
= 1699,606 kg/cm2
1210.910
Syarat, f fy
450
3,2
450
ijin =
1
1
L=
400 = 1,667 cm
240
240
21
Sumbu X
5
q + q Lx 4 1
Px
Dx
l +
l3
X =
384 Es I y
48 Es I y
2
5 (37,574 + 10,392) 10
1
50
400 4 +
400 3
6
6
2.10 87,5
384
48 2 10 87,5
= 1,2945cm
Sumbu Y
q Dy + q Ly
5
l 1
Py
l
( )4 +
( )3
2 48 Es I x
2
384 Es I x
Y =
5 (65,079 + 17,999) 10 2
1
86,602
=
200 4 +
200 3
6
6
2.10 721
384
48 2.10 721
= 0,022 cm
= x 2 + y 2 = (1,2945) 2 + (0,022) 2
= 1,2946 cm ijin = 1,667 cm..Oke !
4.1.3. PERHITUNGAN STRUKTUR REDESAIN KUDA-KUDA
Perhitungan Struktur Redesain Kuda-Kuda Utama
1. Data Perencanaan
o Bentang kuda-kuda
18,00
4,00
o Jarak gording ( Lc )
1,299 m
30
50
kg/m2
o Plafond + penggantung
18
kg/m
o Beban angin
25
kg/m
o Beban hidup
100
kg/m
22
20,784
kg/m
o Berat gording profil C 200.75.20.3,2
9,27
2400 kg /cm2
S24
S25
S26
S23
S27
S22
S40
S54
S21
S53
S20
S52
S51
S19
S49
S18
S17
S1
S48
S33
S2
S35
S34
S55
S41
S28
S56
S39
S42
S38
S29
S57
S43 S58
S37
S44
S50 S36
S9
S8
S7
S6
S5
S4
S3
kg/m
S10
S11
S30
S59
S45
S12
S60
S31
S46
S13
S61
S47
S15
S14
S32
S16
Y
X
A'
B'
C'
U
T
D'
S
R
A
E'
J
F'
N
BEBAN MATI
23
BA = q x Lk x Lc
= 50 x 4,00 x 1,299 = 259,8 kg.
Berat atap dilimpahkan ke tiap buhul bagian
bA = bQ = (259,8) /2 = 129,9 kg
bR = bS = bT= bU = bV = bW = bX= bY = bZ = bA= bB = bC = bD=
b E = b F = 259,8 kg.
Keterangan : b = buhul ( joint )
b). Beban Gording ( BG ).
= A . baja
=
1
1
. .D 2 . baja = .3.14.(0,018).7850 = 1,996 kg/m
4
4
BRACING
1,299 m
1,299 m
4,00 m
Gambar 4. 6. Bracing
Keterangan :
Tinjau jarak antar kuda-kuda max = 4,00 m
Beban bracing pada buhul / joint :
24
bA,& bQ
= 25 kg/m2
= 4,00 m
= 1,299 m
= 30
= 0,2
= -0,4
= 20,784 kg/m2
Pt = Ct x q x Lk x Lc
= 0,2 x 25 kg/m2 x 4,00 m x 1,299 m
= 25,98 kg.
Ptx = Pt x Sin 30
= 12,99 kg
Pty = Pt x Cos 30
= 22,499 kg
Gaya hisap tiap buhul
Ph
= Ch x q x Lk x Lc
= -0,4 x 25 kg/m2 x 4,00 m x 1,299 m
= - 51,96 kg.
Phx = Ph x Sin
= - 51,96 kg x Sin 30
= - 25,98 kg
Phy = Ph x Cos
25
= - 51,96 kg x Cos 30
= - 44,999 kg
e). Beban Plafond dan Penggantung ( BP ).
Beban orang ( P )
= 100 kg.
Pada struktur rangka atap ini dipakai profil siku double L, dengan perincian
sebagai berikut:
- gording
: profil C 200.75.20.3,2
: 2L.50.50.5
@ q = 3,77 kg/m
- frame atas
: 2L. 60.60.6
@ q = 5,42 kg/m
@ q = 7,38 kg/m
26
Batang
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S10
S11
S12
S13
S14
S15
S16
S17
S18
S19
S20
S21
S22
S23
S24
S25
S26
Profil
q
(kg/m)
2q/double
(kg/m)
Panjang
(m)
Berat
(kg)
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.125
16.605
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.125
16.605
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.70.70.7
7.38
14.76
1.142
16.851
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
27
Batang
S27
S28
S29
S30
S31
S32
S33
S34
S35
S36
S37
S38
S39
S40
S41
S42
S43
S44
S45
S46
S47
S48
S49
S50
S51
S52
S53
S54
S55
S56
S57
S58
S59
S60
S61
Profil
q
(kg/m)
2q/double
(kg/m)
Panjang
(m)
Berat
(kg)
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
1.299
14.081
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
0.455
3.432
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
0.910
6.864
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.366
10.297
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.821
13.729
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
2.276
17.161
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
2.731
20.593
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
3.186
24.025
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
3.836
28.923
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
3.186
24.025
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
2.731
20.593
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
2.276
17.161
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.821
13.729
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.366
10.297
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
0.910
6.864
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
0.455
3.432
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.155
8.709
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.336
10.073
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.624
12.245
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.978
14.914
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
2.366
17.840
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
2.775
20.924
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
3.379
36.628
L.60.60.6
5.42
10.84
3.379
36.628
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
2.775
20.924
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
2.366
17.840
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.978
14.914
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.624
12.245
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.336
10.073
L.50.50.5
3.77
7.54
1.155
8.709
28
JUMLAH
TOTAL
BERAT
GAYA
SEPARUH
BATANG
GAYA
GAYA
(Kg)
S1 S17
0.5
30.933
15.466
S1 S2 S33
0.5
37.135
18.568
S2 S3 S34 S48
0.5
49.276
24.638
S3 S4 S35 S49
0.5
54.073
27.037
S4 S5 S36 S50
0.5
59.677
29.838
S5 S6 S37 S51
0.5
65.778
32.889
S6 S7 S38 S52
0.5
72.136
36.068
S7 S8 S39 S53
0.5
78.405
39.203
0.5
135.389
67.695
S9 S10 S41S56
0.5
78.405
39.203
0.5
72.136
36.068
0.5
65.778
32.889
0.5
59.677
29.838
0.5
54.073
27.037
0.5
49.276
24.638
0.5
37.135
18.568
S16 S32
0.5
30.933
15.466
0.5
40.303
20.152
0.5
45.100
22.550
0.5
50.704
25.352
0.5
56.805
28.403
0.5
63.163
31.582
0.5
69.679
34.840
0.5
88.816
44.408
0.5
130.342
65.171
Z
A'
B'
0.5
0.5
0.5
88.816
69.679
63.163
44.408
34.840
31.582
C'
0.5
56.805
28.403
D'
0.5
50.704
25.352
E'
0.5
45.100
22.550
F'
0.5
40.303
20.152
29
BERAT/BUHUL
(Kg)
10%
PLAT BUHUL
(Kg)
15.466
10%
1.547
18.568
10%
1.857
24.638
10%
2.464
27.037
10%
2.704
29.838
10%
2.984
32.889
10%
3.289
36.068
10%
3.607
39.203
10%
3.920
67.695
10%
6.769
39.203
10%
3.920
36.068
10%
3.607
32.889
10%
3.289
29.838
10%
2.984
27.037
10%
2.704
24.638
10%
2.464
18.568
10%
1.857
15.466
10%
1.547
20.152
10%
2.015
22.550
10%
2.255
25.352
10%
2.535
28.403
10%
2.840
31.582
10%
3.158
34.840
10%
3.484
44.408
10%
4.441
65.171
10%
6.517
44.408
10%
4.441
A'
34.840
10%
3.484
B'
31.582
10%
3.158
C'
28.403
10%
2.840
D'
E'
F'
25.352
22.550
20.152
10%
10%
10%
2.535
2.255
2.015
B.ATAP
B.PLAFON/
B.
B.
B.
B.PLAT
B.
B.
30
PENGGANTUNG
GORDING
KUDA-
BRACING
BUHUL
HIDUP
MATI
KUDA
A
146.1
52.610
41.715
15.466
3.886
1.547
100
261.361
93.528
18.568
1.857
113.952
93.528
24.638
2.464
120.630
93.528
27.037
2.704
123.268
93.528
29.838
2.984
126.350
93.528
32.889
3.289
129.706
93.528
36.068
3.607
133.203
93.528
39.203
3.920
136.651
67.695
6.769
167.992
93.528
93.528
39.203
93.528
36.068
93.528
32.889
93.528
29.838
93.528
27.037
93.528
24.638
93.528
18.568
146.1
52.610
41.715
15.466
292.3
41.715
20.152
292.3
41.715
22.550
292.3
41.715
25.352
292.3
41.715
28.403
292.3
41.715
31.582
292.3
41.715
34.840
292.3
41.715
44.408
Y
Z
A'
292.3
41.715
292.3
292.3
41.715
41.715
65.171
44.408
34.840
B'
292.3
41.715
31.582
C'
292.3
41.715
28.403
D'
292.3
41.715
25.352
E'
292.3
41.715
F'
292.3
41.715
3.920
136.651
3.607
133.203
3.289
129.706
2.984
126.350
2.704
123.268
2.464
120.630
3.886
1.857
113.952
1.547
261.361
7.772
2.015
100
356.157
2.255
100
366.567
7.772
7.772
2.535
100
361.877
2.840
3.158
100
373.005
100
368.730
3.484
100
380.086
7.772
4.441
100
382.839
6.517
7.772
4.441
3.484
100
100
100
413.450
382.839
380.086
7.772
3.158
100
368.730
2.840
100
373.005
2.535
100
361.877
22.550
7.772
2.255
100
366.567
20.152
2.015
100
356.157
31
Buhul Q & Y
Wx = 12,99 kg x sin 30
= 6,495 kg
Wy = 12,99 kg x cos 45
= 11,2497 kg
Buhul Z, A, B, C, D, E, & F
Wx = 25,98 kg x sin 30
= 12,99 kg.
Wy = 25,98 kg x cos 30
= 22,499 kg.
Beban akibat angin belakang (hisap)
Buhul A & Y
Wx = - 25,98 kg x sin 30
= - 12,99 kg.
Wy = - 25,98 kg x cos 30
= - 22,499 kg.
Buhul R, S, T, U, V, W, & X
Wx = -51,96 kg x sin 30
= -25,98 kg.
Wy = -51,96 kg x cos 30
= - 44,999 kg
BEBAN ANGIN KIRI
32
Wx = 12,99 kg x sin 30
= 6,495 kg
Wy = 12,99 kg x cos 45
= 11,2497 kg
Buhul R, S, T, U, V, W, & X
Wx = 25,98 kg x sin 30
= 12,99 kg.
Wy = 25,98 kg x cos 30
= 22,499 kg.
Beban akibat angin belakang ( hisap )
Buhul Q & Y
Wx = - 25,98 kg x sin 30
= - 12,99 kg.
Wy = - 25,98 kg x cos 30
= - 22,499 kg.
Buhul Z, A, B, C, D, E, & F
33
Wx = -51,96 kg x sin 30
= -25,98 kg.
Wy = -51,96 kg x cos 30
= - 44,999 kg.
Beban-beban tersebut kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam Analisa Struktur dengan
menggunakan SAP 2000.
4.1.4. PENGECEKAN PROFIL KUDA KUDA
Nu
3
2
Nu
Komponen struktur yang memikul gaya tarik aksial terfaktor Nu harus memenuhi:
34
Nu Nn
Dengan Nu adalah kuat tarik rencana yang besarnya diambil sebagai nilai
terendah diantara dua perhitungan menggunakan hargaharga dan Nn di bawah
ini :
= 0,75
= 0,9
dan
Nn = Ag x. fy
Nn = Ae x fy
Keterangan :
Ag
Ae
fy
fu
Luas penampang efektif komponen struktur yang mengalami gaya tarik ditentukan
sebagai berikut :
Ae = A x U:
Keterangan
A = adalah luas penampang netto tekecil antara potongan 13 dan 12-3
Potongan 1 3 : Anetto = Ag n d t
Potongan 1 2 3 : Anetto = Ag n d t -
s 2t
4u
Keterangan :
Ag = luas penampang bruto, mm2
t
= tebal penampang, mm
d = diameter lubang , mm
n = banyaknya lubang dalam garis potongan
s
= jarak antara sumbu lubang pada arah sejajar sumbu komponen struktur, mm
u = jarak antara sumbu lubang pada arah tegak lurus sumbu komponen
struktur,mm
35
x
) 0,9
L
x adalah eksentrisitas sambungan, jarak tegak lurus arah gaya tarik antara titik
U adalah faktor reduksi = 1 (
Suatu komponen struktur yang mengalami gaya tekan konsentris akibat beban
terfaktor, Nu harus memenuhi persyaratan sebagai berikut :
a) Nu Nn
Keterangan :
c =
fy
fy
1 Lk
r
fy
E
1,43
1,6 0,67c
36
Dimana r =
250
fy
(tabel 7.5 -1, hal 30 dari 183 ) untuk elemen profil siku.
Lk
200
r
Lk = panjang efektif
r = jari jari girasi
c) Komponen
struktur
tekan
yang
elemen
penampangnya
mempunyai
yang
Lkx
200 ............................................... (SNI 2002 hal 29 )
rx
Keterangan :
Lkx = panjang tekuk komponen tersusun pada arah tegak lurus sumbu xx,
dengan memperhatikan pengekang lateral yang ada, dan kondisi ujun
ujung komponen struktur, mm
y
pelat kopel
l
( m=2 )
Pada arah tegak lurus sumbu y y , harus dihitung kelangsingan ideal iy dengan
persamaan :
37
iy =
y 2 +
m 2
l ................................................... ( 1 )
2
y =
Lky
200 ....................................................... ( 2 )
ry
l =
Ll
50 .......................................................... ( 3 )
rmin
Keterangan :
m =2
Lky = panjang tekuk komponen struktur tersusun pada arah tegal lurus sumbu y
y, dengan memperhatikan pengekang lateral dan kondisi jepitan ujung
ujung komponen struktur, mm
Ry
LI
rmin = jari jari girasi komponen struktur terhadap sumbu yang memberikan
nilai terkecil
Nu
Nu
= 240 MPa
fu
= 370 Mpa
38
Nu
( diameter baut ) = 23 mm
= + 1 = 24 mm
d ( lubang baut )
d ( lubang baut)
L
Gambar 4.10. Jarak Antar Baut (s) pada Profil
Dengan syarat
u 1,5 d
s 3d
s = 70 mm
u = 40 mm
t1
= ( 2 x 6 ) = 12 mm ( elemen profil )
Ao
Ag
= 2 x Ao = 1880 mm2
_
e = x = 19,7 mm
Pengecekan Kapasitas Tarik Murni
Ae = An x U
= Anetto
Anetto = Ag n x d x t
= 1880 1 x 24 x 14= 1544 mm2
U = 1
x
19.7
= 1
= 0,912
L
220
Keterangan:
39
= 1 408,8 mm2
Kuat Leleh = Nn = x fy x Ag
= 0,9 x 240 x 1880
= 406 080 N = 406,08 KN
Kuat Fraktur = Nn = x fu x Ae
= 0,75 x 370 x 1 408,8
= 390 950 N = 390,95 KN
Selain kekuatan tarik ini pada batang tarik juga dibutuhkan pengecekan blok
ujung dimana terdapat sambungan.
Pengecekan Blok Ujung
d ( lubang baut)
40
70
70
70
40
Geser Murni
Av = 2 x ( 220 + 40 ) x 7
Nn
x 2 bh = 7420 mm2
= x ( 0,6 x fu ) x Av
= 2534 mm2
40
Agt
=Sxt
= ( 70 19,7 ) x7
x 2 bh
= 704,2
mm
Ant = ( S x t - d/2 x t)
40
70
70
70
40
Nn = 0,6 x fu x Anv
Nn = fu x Ant
Nn = 406,08 KN
( Leleh tarik )
Nn = 390,95 KN
( Fraktur tarik )
Nn = 1 235,43 KN
Nn = 516,978 KN
....ok!
41
2.) TEKAN
= 23 mm
Jenis Baja BJ 37 :
fu
= 370 MPa
fy
= 240 Mpa
Nn = Ag x f cr = Ag x
f cr =
fy
fy
= 1,299 m = 1299mm
rx
= 1,82 cm = 18,2 mm
= 1,69 cm = 16,9 mm
= 10 mm
Ix
Ix
2 x. Ix + 2 x Ao x ( a )2
42
rx
1118821
Ix'
=
= 28,453 mm
Ag
1382
Perbandingan kelangsingan :
A. Kelangsingan elemen penampang < r
Dimana r =
250
r =
240
250
fy
(tabel 7.5 -1, hal 30 dari 183 ) untuk elemen profil siku
= 16,137
b =60 mm
d = 6 mm
Maka kelangsingan elemen penampang adalah :
b
= 10 < r
d
= 10 < 16,137 ............... Oke!
B. Kelangsingan komponen struktur tekan
x=
=
Lkx
200 ............................................... (SNI 2002 hal 29 )
rx
1299
= 45,654 200 ... Oke!
28,453
Mencari nilai X = ?
c =
LkX
x
rX
fy
E
1,43
1,6 0,67c
c = 0,504 maka X =
1,43
1,6 (0,67 x0,504)
X = 1,133
Batang Tekan ( Arah Y )
43
Mencari Lky :
Lky =
N A
Lx 0,75 + 0,25 x N
Keterangan :
N = Gaya di ujung ujung batang
NA = Gaya tekan pada batang ( yang lebih kecil )
NB = Gaya tekan pada batang ( yang lebih besar )
Namun pada perhitungan ini, direncanakan Lky = Lkx = L = jarak antar
gording.
Pada arah tegak lurus sumbu y-y, harus dihitung kelangsingan ideal ( iy )
dengan persamaan :
iy =
y 2 +
m 2
l ............................................. ( 1 )
2
y =
Lky
200 ................................................. ( 2 )
ry
l =
Ll
50 ................................................... ( 3 )
rmin
Ll =
Lk
3
= 1,82 cm = 18,2 mm
Lky = L = 1 299 mm
e
= 1,69 cm = 16,9 mm
Ao
IY
IY
= 2 x Iy + 2 x Ao x ( a )2
= e + ( 0,5 x t )
= 1,69 + ( 0,5 x 10 )
= 21,90 mm
Ag = 2 x Ao
= 1382 mm2
44
rY
IY '
1118821
= 28,453 mm
=
Ag
1382
y =
=
Lky
200
ry
1299
= 45,654 200 ................ Oke!
28,453
Kelangsingan ideal ( iy )
y 2 +
m 2
l
2
iy
Lky
ry
1299
= 45,654
28,453
Ll
50 ........................................................ ( SNI 2002 HAL 59 )
rmin
Ll =
Lk
3
l =
1299
= 37,009 50 ............... Oke !
11,7
iy =
45,654 2 +
2
x37,009 2
2
iy = 58,770
Syarat Kestabilan Batang :
x 1,2 l
45
c =
fy
1 LkY
rY
1,43
1,6 0,67c
1299
1
240
x
x
3,14 28,453
2.10 5
c = 0,504 maka iy =
1,43
1,6 (0,67 x0,504)
iy = 1,133
Nn = Ag x f cr = Ag x.
f cr =
fy
fy
Nnx =
Nnx =
Agxfy
X
1382 x 240
1,133
Nny =
Nny =
Agxfy
iy
1382 x 240
1,133
= 292 841 N
= 292 841 N
= 292,841 KN
= 292,841 KN
Dicari nilai Nn yang terkecil, namum hasil perhitungan Nnx = Nny = 292,841 KN
Nu Nn
46
Nn = 248,915 KN
Nu
Maka Nu Nn
47
Btg
mm
Profil
t1
Ae
Anetto
mm
mm2
mm2
Nn
leleh
KN
Nn
fraktur
KN
Av
mm2
Nn
Geser
murni
Anv
Agt
Ant
mm2
mm2
mm2
Nn
Geser
fraktur
Nn
tarik
fraktur
KN
KN
Nn komb
geser&tarik
Kn
KN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1544
1544
1544
1544
1544
1544
1544
1544
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
7420
7420
7420
7420
7420
7420
7420
7420
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
2534
2534
2534
2534
2534
2534
2534
2534
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
139.774
140.965
134
124.857
115.659
106.315
96.895
86.007
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
1,141.70
455.20
910.40
1,365.60
1,820.80
2,276.00
2,731.20
3,186.40
3,835.90
3,186.40
2,731.20
2,276.00
1,820.80
1,365.60
910.40
455.20
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.70.70.7
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
1408.8
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
675.2
1544
1544
1544
1544
1544
1544
1544
1544
720
720
720
720
720
720
720
720
720
720
720
720
720
720
720
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.912
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
0.938
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
406.08
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
207.36
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
390.95
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
187.37
7420
7420
7420
7420
7420
7420
7420
7420
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
5300
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
1235.43
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
882.45
2534
2534
2534
2534
2534
2534
2534
2534
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
1810
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
704.2
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
536.2
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
421.911
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
301.365
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
148.7955
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.6
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
516.978
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
366.165
86.007
96.895
106.315
115.659
124.857
134
140.965
139.774
0.339
4.773
8.64
12.461
16.289
20.426
38.372
76.557
38.372
20.426
16.289
12.461
8.64
4.773
0.339
48
No.
Btg
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
L
mm
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,299
1,155
1,336
1,624
1,978
2,366
2,775
3,379
3,379
2,775
2,366
1,978
1,624
1,334
1,155
Profil
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
a
mm
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
Ix'
mm4
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
rx
mm
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
L.60.60.6
L.60.60.6
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
L50.50.5
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
21.90
19.00
19.00
19.00
19.00
19.00
19.00
21.90
21.90
19.00
19.00
19.00
19.00
19.00
19.00
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
1,118,821
1,118,821
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
28.453
28.453
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
16.137
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
47.540
54.994
66.854
81.405
97.401
114.233
118.765
118.758
114.229
97.393
81.421
66.850
54.912
47.540
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.504
0.524
0.607
0.738
0.898
1.075
1.260
1.310
1.310
1.260
1.075
0.898
0.738
0.607
0.524
iy
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
Iy'
mm4
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
ry
mm
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.133
1.145
1.198
1.293
1.432
1.625
1.985
2.146
2.146
1.985
1.625
1.432
1.293
1.198
1.145
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
1,118,821
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
1,118,821
1,118,821
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
566,560
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
28.453
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
28.453
28.453
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
24.293
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
45.654
47.540
54.994
66.854
81.405
97.401
114.233
118.765
118.758
114.229
97.393
81.421
66.850
54.994
47.540
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
58.770
61.670
71.340
86.724
105.600
126.351
148.185
152.884
152.884
148.185
126.351
105.600
86.724
71.340
61.670
Nny
Nnx
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
Ll
mm
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
KN
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
KN
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
KN
159.436
152.478
142.053
131.592
120.95
110.27
99.354
84.046
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
37.009
39.282
45.442
55.241
67.265
80.483
94.391
96.274
96.274
94.391
80.483
67.265
55.241
45.442
39.282
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
433.00
384.97
445.33
541.37
659.20
788.73
925.03
1,126.40
1,126.40
925.03
788.73
659.20
541.37
445.33
384.97
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
170.998
163.452
151.447
136.717
120.524
98.648
131.381
131.381
98.648
120.524
136.717
151.447
163.452
170.998
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
248.915
170.998
163.452
151.447
136.717
120.524
98.648
131.381
131.381
98.648
120.524
136.717
151.447
163.452
170.998
84.046
99.354
110.27
120.95
131.592
142.053
152.478
159.436
6.85
10.641
12.989
16.092
19.307
23.172
38.71
38.71
23.172
19.307
16.092
12.989
10.641
6.85
49
Pada perhitungan sambungan ini digunakan dengan baut hitam, dimana menurut
konsep LFRD kekuatan ditinjau atas :
Spesifikasi Baut :
M16 ( tidak diulir penuh / tidak ada ulir pada bidang geser )
fub = 4200 kg/cm2 = 411,88 N/mm2
dn = 15,87 mm ( 5/8 )
Spesifikasi Pelat Buhul :
t = 10 mm
Kekuatan Geser Baut
Keterangan :
Vd
Vn
f bu
Ab
r2
maka :
Ab = (dn)2 = x3,14 x(15,87)2
= 197,70 mm2
Karena digunakan double profil maka :
2 x Ab = 395,415 mm2
f bu
= 411,88 N/mm2
50
= 0,75
r1
= 0,4
Vd
= f r1 f bu Ab
Dengan syarat
U 1,5 d
s 3d
Rd = f Rn = 2,0 f db tP fu
Keterangan :
Rd
= Kuat Rencana, N
Rn
= Kuat Nominal, N
db
tP
fu
= 2,0 f db tP fu
51
Rd = f Rn
= 2,0 f db tP fu
Rd = f Rn = 2,0 f db tP fu
Nu
KN
140.965
140.965
134
124.857
115.659
106.315
96.895
86.007
86.007
96.895
106.315
115.659
124.857
134
140.965
139.774
159.436
152.478
142.053
131.592
120.945
110.268
99.354
84.046
84.046
99.354
110.268
120.945
131.592
142.053
152.478
159.436
0.339
Profil
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.70.70.7
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
L.50.50.5
Baut
mm
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
t/d
0.628
-
0.628
Kuat
Geser
Kuat
Tumpu
(Vd)
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
(Rd)
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
132.691
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
113.736
94.780
Jumlah Baut
Nu/Vd
2.885
2.885
2.743
2.555
2.367
2.176
1.983
1.760
1.760
1.983
2.176
2.367
2.555
2.743
2.885
2.861
3.263
3.121
2.907
2.693
2.475
2.257
2.033
1.720
1.720
2.033
2.257
2.475
2.693
2.907
3.121
3.263
0.007
Nu/Rd
-
n
(buah)
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
2
52
Nu
KN
4.773
8.64
12.461
16.289
20.426
38.372
76.557
38.372
20.426
16.289
12.461
8.64
4.773
0.339
6.85
10.641
12.989
16.092
19.307
23.172
38.71
38.71
23.172
19.307
16.092
12.989
10.641
6.85
Profil
Baut
mm
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
15.87
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
L.50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L.60.60.6
2L.60.60.6
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
2L50.50.5
t/d
0.628
-
0.628
Kuat
Geser
Kuat
Tumpu
(Vd)
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
48.859
(Rd)
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
94.780
Jumlah Baut
Nu/Vd
0.098
0.177
0.255
0.333
0.418
0.785
1.567
0.785
0.418
0.333
0.255
0.177
0.098
0.007
0.140
0.218
0.266
0.329
0.395
0.474
0.792
0.792
0.474
0.395
0.329
0.266
0.218
0.140
Nu/Rd
-
n
(buah)
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
t
Nu
)
0,628 maka Baut diperhitungkan terhadap Tumpu (
d
Rd
Nu
t
)
0,628 maka Baut diperhitungkan terhadap Geser (
Vd
d
Keterangan : t adalah tebal elemen profil
d adalah diameter baut
Menghitung Jarak Baut
Diameter lubang Baut
53
Dengan syarat
U 1,5 d
s 3d
Lk 1,299
=
= 0,433 m = 433 mm
3
3
I
IP
10 l ........................................................................ ( SNI 2002 hal 59 )
a
Ll
Keterangan :
Ip = Momen inersia pelat kopel,
Ip = 2 x
t
1 3
th , mm4
12
1
10 x603
12
54
maka,
=
I
IP
10 l
a
Ll
360000
94300
10
43,8
433
Du S
I b
Keterangan :
Du = Besarnya Gaya Lintang yang Dipikul oleh Pelat Kopel
b = lebar tiap satuan panjang ( 1 cm )
Sy = Statis Momen Tunggal ( terhadap Sb Y )
I
= Iy Profil Gabungan.
Sprofil = A profil x a
= 691x 43,8
= 30 265,8 mm3
Iy profil gabungan = 456 000 mm4
55
130
10
60
Gambar 4.13. Posisi Baut pada Sambungan Pelat Kopel dengan Profil
Tegangan Geser per Satuan Panjang
()=
D S 3 188,72 30265,8
=
= 21,164 N/mm2
I b
456000 10
P 9 164,012
= 9,164 N /mm2
=
A
1000
ijin
9,164 N /mm2 139,2 N/mm2............................................Oke !
56
Vd = x f x Vn = x f x r1 x f bu Ab
maka :
Ab = x x (dn)2 = x 3,14 x (15,87)2
= 197,708 mm2
= 411,88 N/mm2
f bu
f = 0,75
r1
= 0,4
Vd
= x fx r1 x f bu Ab
P
Vd
n
9 164,012
24429,591 N
2
4 582,006 N 24 429,591 N .......... Ok!
57
2600
900
400
400
450
450
B
C
900
D
E
1800
F
G
900
KETERANGAN :
A = NOK
B = KUDA - KUDA UTAMA
C = KUDA-KUDA 1/4
D = JURAI
E = KUDA-KUDA SETENGAH
F = BRACING
G = GORDING
H = TRACSTANG
F4
F3
F2
F1
F2
F3
F4
400.00
Wm
58
Wangin = 25 kg/cm2
titik buhul untuk satu kuda-kuda utama = 27 titik buhul
qA
P tiap buhul =
1800
= 66, 67 kg
27
F4
F3
F2
F1
F2
F3
F4
400.00
Wm
N1 = 18 340,0 kg
1 = 2,25
N2 = 23 121,3 kg
2 = 2,25
N3 = 27 364,5 kg
3 = 2,25
N4 = 31 191,4 kg
4 = 2,25
N=8
Wm =
l
18
=
= 0,0257 m
700
700
Keterangan:
Nn = gaya batang terbesar pada bentang ke-n
N
59
Fn =
x Nn
F1 =
3 (0,0257 + 0)
x 18 340,0 = 9,819 kg
82 2,25
F2 =
3 (0,0257 + 0)
x 23 121,3 = 12,379 kg
82 2,25
F3 =
3 (0,0257 + 0)
x 27 364,5 = 14,651 kg
82 2,25
F4 =
3 (0,0257 + 0)
x 31 191,4 = 16,700 kg
82 2,25
kuda kuda
ika tan angin
F1 = 9,819 x
3
4
= 7,364 kg
F2 = 12,379 x
3
4
= 9,284 kg
F3 = 14,651 x
3
= 10,988 kg
4
F3 = 16,700 x
3
4
= 12,525 kg
Pn = Fn + P
P1 = F1 + P = 7,364 + 66, 67 = 74,034 kg
P2 = F2 + P = 9,284 + 66, 67 = 75,954 kg
P3 = F3 + P = 10,988 + 66, 67 = 77,658 kg
P4 = F4 + P = 12,525 + 66, 67 = 79,195 kg
60
P
1,59436 10 3
=
= 0,8857cm2 = 88,57 mm2
0,75 2400
0,75 Fijin
N max 1,40965 10 3
=
= 1247,48 kg/cm2 < 1600 kg/cm2..ok
Anetto
113 10 2
Px = 50 kg
350,588
P
=
= 0.146m 2
Ijin
2400
F = x x d2
d=
4 xF
4 x0,146
= 0.31 cm = 3,1 mm
3,14
= 6 190,1 kg
= 143,5 kg
61
90 =
Pv
LxB
90 =
6 190,1
Lx6,6
L = 10,42 cm digunakan 15 cm
Cek:
b x L x Beff > Pv
t
0,628
d
Keterangan :
t - adalah tebal elemen profil ( tebal base plate + tebal profil siku )
d - adalah diameter baut
62
t = 20 mm
d = 16 mm
20
0.628 1,25 0,628 Baut diperhitungkan terhadap geser !
16
Geser Baut pada Base Plate
Digunakan baut dengan spesifikasi sebagai berikut:
fu
dn
= 16 mm
Ab
= x x dn2
= 415,265 mm2
= 1 baris
= 0,75
r1
= 0,4
Maka:
Vd = f x r1 x f bu x m x Ab
Syarat:
P
Vd
n
143,5 kg = 1 435 N
1 435
22 306,56
4
u 1,5 d
s 3d
63
S = 210 mm
U = 75 mm
Angkur 16
Base Plate 30 x 30 x 1.0 cm
70.70.7
Baut Pengikat 12
64