A SITE VISIT REPORT ON FLYOVER

FLYOVER Site details: Name of work: - Construction of 6 Lane Flyover bridge at k.m. 30/650 at Gota Junction of N.H. - 8C in the state of Gujarat Name of Agency: - M.S. Khurana Engineering Ltd. Sanctioned Amount: - 22,04,90,906 Date of Starting: - 21-10-10 Date of Completion: - 20-01-12 Specification: - Bridge Work : 3 Span Centre Span: - 50 m. End Span: - 25 m. Approaches: - G.L with R.E. Wall Slip Roads: - 7.5 m. wide Site Visit Purpose: To study the Post tensioning method of prestressing adopted on the site. Post Tensioning: Bonded type Post tensioning system was adopted M-50 Grade Concrete was used The prestressing was carried out in two stages:o 1st stage:- After the concrete has gained 70% of the designed compressive strength o 2nd stage:- After the concrete has gained 90% of the designed compressive strength 19DP13 Prestressing system was adopted and multi-pull hydraulic type jack was used for prestressing. The prestressing cables adopted were 7 ply uncoated stress relieved low relaxation strands with nominal diameter - 12.83 mm.

FORMWORK It is a structure which is usually temporary but can be whole or part permanent, it is used to contain poured concrete and other such materials to mould in into required dimensions and support until it is able to support itself.

Requirements of formwork Strength Rigidity Less leakage True to size Smooth surface Easy removal Supports

ECONOMY IN FORMWORK Forms of regular sizes and shapes Allow reuse Design structural components to allow use of commercially available forms Clean and oil forms after use Pre-fabricate the forms on the ground

MATERIALS FOR FORMWORK Steel Timber Plywood

FORCES ON FORMWORK Dead load Live load Vertical loads Lateral pressure Lateral loads Special equipment loads Other loads

DETAILS OF FORMWORK

LAYOUT OF MIDDLE SPAN PEIR

J4

J3

50M

J2 25M

J1

J4

J3

J2

J1

FORMWORK ON MIDDLE SPAN

PRIMARY ISMB

SECONDARY ISMB

TRUSSEL

ARRANGEMENT OF PRIMARY BEAMS

OVERLAPPING OF ISMB

ARRANGEMENT OF TIE ROD

Tie rod are used to hold shuttering so that is does not collapse during concreting. It has two wooden blocks connected with a rod for tightening arrangement.

JACK

Jacks are used to provide flexible arrangement over the trussels so that it can be easily removed during de-shuttering. During construction of pier wooden blocks are kept so that after concrete sets up, the wooden block is burnt so that formwork can be removed easily. Jacks should be strong enough to withstand the dead load of concrete so they are made of steel,

Formwork for RE-Walls

Precast RE-walls were constructed on site with the help of above formwork. Here mild steel formwork is used for construction. Both the approach roads were constructed using precast RE-walls.

SHUTTERING ON RE-WALLS

SHUTTERING

After erecting RE-walls cress barrier is constructed using ply shuttering and held with the help of tirods.

GEOSYNTHETICS Polymers used in Geosynthetics Chemically linked large molecules of carbon atoms with hydrogen or other atoms attached Polypropylene Polyethylene Polyester Polyamide Polyamide Poly vinyl chloride

TYPES OF GEOSYNTHETICS 1. GEOGRID 2. GEOTEXTILES

3.GEONETS

4. GEOSYNTHETICS CLAY LINER

5. GEOMEMBRANES

APPLICATION OF GEOSYNTHETICS I. Increasing Safe Bearing Capacity of soil : Geosynthetics material is used as a reinforcing material where the soil condition is not good

II.

Subsurface Drainage system : Geotextiles : Acts as a filter to allow fluids to pass while preventing the migration of soil particles

III.

Erosion and Sediment control in dam : Geotextiles : Prevents the erosion of soil particles due to high energy water flow and is used at the u/s face bottom of dam

IV.

Construction of roads and pavements : Geotextiles : Prevents the intermixing of soft foundation soils with granular materials thereby maintaining the structural integrity and drainage capacity of the granular material

V.

Reinforced Steepened slopes : Geogrids : Acts as a reinforcement to maintain the stability of soil by carrying tensile loads

GEOGRID AT GOTA FLYOVER

Geogrid is used along the length of the approach road of the flyover and the material of 1.2m width is used along the total approach road of the flyover The distance between two Geogrid is 800mm and the soil between them is compacted in 4 layers