KARMA VIPAKA E - Version-Www - Buddhistvision

~i~
lu mdl
imdol
mQcH h.u iqOudNsjxY ys
Ou odkh msKsi fkdf,a fnodyeu i|yd uqKh lrk ,s'

2556
2012
~i~
Free Distribution
www.buddhistvision.net
ie,lsh hq;=hs'
fuu fmdf;ys mgqk" msgq wxl 6 (PDF Page No) ys we;=,;a lr
we;' tu mgqfkys ud;Dldjka yd msgq wxl wod< msgq iu inkaO
lr we;' fuys lshug we;s m%foaYhg j miska we;s msgq fhduqj
(Bookmarks) Nd;d lsfuka kej; mgqkg meKsh yel'
Please note : THE TABLE OF CONTENTS of this book is located

in page no : 6 (PDF Page No) and it is linked with associated pages
in the book for your convenience. You can easily click on the page
number or content description in the Table of Contents and you
will be directed to the relevant page. Bookmarks located to the leaft
of reading area can be used to navigate back to Table of Contents
page.
~ ii ~
Free Distribution
jpkhla'''
wm iud inqoaO idikfh ys uyd mske;s f;acjka; uy ry;ka
jykafia kula jev ish y' Wkajykafia kka W;a;r k h' f W;a;r
uy ry;ka jykafia g l,am ;sia odylg fmr lrk ,o msxlul wdksixi
n,fhka idxidl cS;h iqjm;a h' l,am ;siaoyilg fmr iqfO kka
iud inq nqrcdKka jykafia kula f,dj my< jQy' Wka jykafia fl
iqjfhka .ila uq, jev isk wjia:df tla;rd ;reK <ufhla , ;snQ
.ilska lsKsyshd u,a ;=kla lvd f.k fndfyd u f.!rj Nla;sfhka
fodfyd;a uqfka ;nd nqrcdKka jykafia f.a Y%S mdo uQ,fha ;nd mQcd lf<a
h' f mQcduh msk Tn jykafia h Ouhla wjfndaO lf<a o@ tu Ouh ug
o wjfndaO lr .ekSug ,efjd hs m%d:kd lrk ,'
tod mgka f nq iiqk olajd ld,h jI .Kkska fkdj l,am
.Kkska ;sia oyila h' f ld,h ;=< u,a mQcd lsf mqKH n,fhka i;r
wmd lska w;a fkah' fo ksiqka w;r ,nkakg ;sfnk il, im;a
,nk ,' >dhqI" ksfrda.s nj" oYKSh cS;" mjdr im;a we;s cS;" Wiia
l=, im;a" uyd Ok im;a" jH ud,s.d" mske;s ore im;a" uyd m%{djka;
cS;" ufyaYdlH uydkqNdj imkak cS; ,enQ w;r m pl%j;s rclu jrla
o ila;s moh jrla o ,nk ,' tfia u rgj,a md,kh lrk rcl"
weu;sl ,enQ jdr .Kk iSudjla fkd ue;'
fu;r wkqiia rdYshla W;a;r uy ry;ka jykafia iir ,enqf u,a
;=kla mQcd lsf wdksixifhks' wjidkfha W;a;r l=urejd f nq
iiqfka me isms<sishd [dK" IwNs[a[d" ;%soHd ,nd W;=
wry;ajhg m;a jQ fial' wry;ajh olajd u tu msxlu W;a;r uy ry;ka
jykafiag fya;= WmksY%h h' l=i,a jQ fyda wl=i,a jQ fyda hlsis luhla
lrkafka k thg Wreulre jkafk hs ksr;=re kqjKska fufkys l< hq;=
h hkq ta nqoaO jpkfha f;areu hs'
buy;a Y%oaOdfjka kqjKska f oy fmd; imdokh l< mQcH h.u
iqOudNsjxY wdhqIau;=ka jykafiag ;j ;j;a Wodr f,i Ou odkhka
imsug ksfrda.s iqj" >dhqI" r;ak;%hdkqNdj n,fhka wNsjOkh fjd'
if i;a;d Njka;= iq;;a;d
fuhg mske;s
kdWhfka whOu ia:r"
kdWhk wdrKH fiakdikh"
mkaish.u'
~ iii ~
Free Distribution
ix{dmkh
lux i;af;a Nc;s hox yskmamKs;;dhd;s
uyd ldreKsl wirK irK Ydka;s kdhl iud inqrcdKka jykafia
jod< m i;ajhka ySk m%KS; f,i Wiia my;a f,i fnokq ,nkafka luh isks'
luh ms<sn| inq oyf foaYs; Ou mdG fndfyda we;;a fuys ud W;aiy .;af;a
ir, niska l:d mqj;a wkqidrfhka lu mdl meye,s lsug h' lrk ,o lufha
mdlfhka .e,ug yels ldka;djla fyda mqreIfhla fyda ukqIHfhla fyda
wukqIHfhla fyda fofhla fyda udrfhla fyda n%yaufhla fyda f ;=ka f,dalfha u
ke;' ukqf,dj isg wlksgd nUf,dj olajd f ilaj, mqrd wn weg msrjQfha kuq ta
wn weg .Kkg jvd Yajfha ;j;a i;ajhka jdih lrk ilaj,j,a we;s nj Oufha
i|yka f' kuq;a lufha mdlfhka fug yels mqoa.,fhl= k f Yaj f,dal
Od;=j ;=< u ke;'
fuu Ou .%ka:fha luh ms<sn| ia;r iaj,am kuq lu mdlh ms<sn|
fndfyda ia;r .efldg olajd we;' uq,skau luh hkak meye,s fldg miqj fuys
l=i, lu mdl olajk ,' l=i, lu mdl k l=i,dksixifhda h' ta hgf;a
l=i, lu yeglg wdikak m%udKhla o" l=i, mdl fyj;a wdksixi 354 la o
olajk ,' f ;=<ska ud i;amqreI Tng lSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha" meyek is;ska
kqjK fhdod ;em;a ukiska lrk ,o l=vd kuq msxlu uy;a iem mdl f.k fok
nj h' tfiau fujeks msxl lrk i;amqreIhska f.a is;aj,g kj cSjhla ,nd ug o
wfmalaId lf<uq' th tfiau isoaO fjd !
f .%ka:fhys fojkqj fmkajd we;af;a wre mdl ms<sn|j f' wre mdl k
wl=i, luhla fya;=fjka f.k fok la mdl f' ta hg;g wg uy ksrhg hEug
isjk lu yd bka f.k fok la mdl olajd" ks rcq gq Tiqm;a ksrhka 15 la yd
tys hEug isjk fya;= iys;j olajk ,' bla;s ixf. okjk iq jQ wirK fm%a;
fm%a;shka f.a l:d lsysmhla yd tys bmug fya;= jQ lu iys;j olajk ,'
ksia f,dj mdl fok mQj lu 56 la olajk ,oafoa wmdh la fkd
ms<s.kakd fudayfhka uq<d meg,S isk wirKhkag ukqf,dka lreKq fmkaug
h' .%ka:fha fojk fldgi jQ wre mdl ms<sn|j l< > ia;rfhka ud
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha" Is; is;ska lrk ,o b;d l=vd mdmh kuq uy;a la mdl
f.k fok nj lSug f' tfiau w wr fya;=fjka mdmhkays we,S jdih lrk
ksiqka yg ixf. my< iqug fhduq fjd hk ffu;%S is;sks'
fuhg" fu;e;s
h.u iqOudNsjxY ys'
ksu,j wdrKH fiakdikh
lskao - ;siaiuydrduh'
kh - 2547
2004-01-20
~ iv ~
Free Distribution
mgqk
msg
ixidrh
ixidrfha wdhq ld,h
l,amhla hkq
:Hd oDIah
kdia;sl oDIah
wfya;=l oDIah
wl%sh oDIah
:Hd oDIafha M, mdlhka
Y%oaOdj we;slr .ekSug k
i;r wka;H Ou
luh
luh hkq l=ula o@
wre mdl
krlh
wguy ksrh
ks rcq gq ksrhka yd tys hEug fya;=jk lu
;srsika wmdh
wiqr wmdh
fm%a; f,dalh
fm%a; jia;= l:d myf<djla
lh jpkh wixjr f mdlh
uiqre Ou mfyys wre mdl
ksia f,dj mdl ka mQj lu

Lqcq;a;rdj odishla ug fya;=j
Lqcq;a;rdj l= ug fya;=j
pq,a, mka:l ysg isjq uila .; o tla .d:djlamdv fkdug fya;=j
plaLqmd, yshka f.a fofk;a wkaO ug fya;=j
idr rcq f.a ll=,a m,d Kq oeug fya;=j
ys jQ ku li< f.dvlg ouk ,o wirK ore cS;hlfYdaldl+, l:dj
foudmshka iska w;yerod .sh f>dail isgq
idudj;sh we;= 500 la ia;%Ska .skafkka uefrkak fya;=j
mQ;s.;a; ;siai ys f.a isrer l=Kq la |Sug fya;=j
fidafrhHl isgq f.a woaN+; luh
imamodi ys khl= f.a lf w;oud o kd.hd oIaGfkd lsug fya;=j
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~v~
Free Distribution
imamodi ys Wlg,S jQfha uyKlu tmd jQfha wehs @

kdlhd f.a |g uqyqfoa .s,S uefrkak jQfha wehs @
.sksf.k oejqkq lmqgdf.a l:dj
NslaIQka y;a kula .,a f,kl isr la |s l:dj
,o im;a mfNda. lsug jdikdjla ke;s wmqka;l isgq
mskg my< jQ Wla.ia o`vqj ka l:dj
ry;a jQ f o msksfjk ;=re l=i msfrkakwdydrhla fkd ,o f,dail ys
wjqre isoyila uyKo l, yskulakd.fhl= jQ l:d mqj;
orejka ke;s isgqjrfhl= f.a l:djla
rc.y kqjr iqmamnqoaO l=IaG frda.shd
fndardc l=udrhdg orejka ke;s fya;=j
u,a,sld foah k y;la wmdhg hEug fya;=j
frdaysKS l=uh f.a l=IaG frda.hg fya;=j
l=Kavodk ys miq mi ldka;djla taug fya;=j
lms, u;aiHhd f.a l:dj
uydld, Wmdil .= ld uere lEug fya;=j
iir mqre bhg hk nj
mkiamia jila wiQ ld cSj;a jQ ksfila
,l=KaGl Noah ys bmug fya;=j
uq.,ka ys fidrekaf.ka uere lEug fya;=j
iSj,s uy ry;ka jykafia fndfyda ld,hla u l=ila |s luh
iqf,dau hlaIhd jQ NslaIQj
Lrf,dau hlaIhd jQ Wmdil;=ud
W;a;r k idufKAr jykafia W, ;eug fya;=j
moaudj;S foah f.a ;nk mshjrla mdid u,a msfmkmsk ke;sug fya;=j
kSf.%daO idufKarhka jykafia pKavd, .ulwkd:j bmug fya;=j
iajK;s,ld l=uh iefvd,a l=,hl bmug fya;=j
le<Ks f;reka jykafia llshk f;,a lgdrulgoud urkak fya;=j
id,sh l=ure f.a wdorjka;sh wfYdalud,d iefvd,al=,hl bmfka wehs @
odil ys odishl f.a l=i bmug fya;=j
wVldish f.a YsIag rEmim;a ,eugyd .Ksldjla ug fya;=j
id;d.sr fyauj; keu;s hlaIhka jQ ;%smsglOdNslaIQka foku
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~ vi ~
Free Distribution
uqka o msgjk rEu;sh

iqmamsh ry;ka jykafia my;a l=,hl bmug fya;=j
i;s .=;a; ys f.a Yrh l=Kq je.sfrkakg fya;=j
wdkkao iajdka jykafia fmr cd;shlldka;djla bmug fya;=j
i;aj >d;kfha wdkj
cl k odihd f.a mQj luh
idu l=ure f.a umsh fom, f.a weia wkaO ug fya;=j
uyd mske;s mqKaKd l=uh odishl ug fya;=j
ffu;%S nqrcqka f.a Y%S yia;fhys f.hla taug fya;=j
khOrhka w;r w.;em;a Wmd,s ysfhdalrKjEfhla ug fya;=j
wnmd,s ffjYHdjla ug fya;=j
fndfyda iajdmq;%hkag o ysufka f.dia cSj;a jQksidg o tmd jQ wysxildh
wkqka f.a jeisls<s msis fldg cSj;a jkwirK iqkS; f.a mQj luh
fuda>rdc yshka f.a uyd l=IAG frda.hg fya;=j
onu,a,mq;a; ys wuQ,sl fndre fpdaokdj,g,la ug fya;=j
Wmkaodu .fa mdlr oeuQ lsle <skafol= f.awNsudkj;a l:dj
ry;=ka fy<d oel r olajdcSj;a jQ wUqie hqj,l f.a l:dj
wiS; .=Ke;s uyd m%{d iud inqrcdKkajykafiag o mdl ka lu fod<y
l=i, mdl
odk wdksixi
u,a mQcdf wdksixi
myka mQcdf wdksixi
iqj| mQcdf wdksixi
iqj| meka biSf wkqiia
OuY%jKdksixi
wdydr msf wdksixi
blgq mQcdf wdksixi
jia;% mQcdf wdksixi
fug msf wdksixi
P;% odkfha wdksixi
md;% odkfha wdksixi
oe,s msyshd msf wdksixi
uy msyshd msf wdksixi my
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~ vii ~
Free Distribution
ksh lmk w msf wdksixi my

mjka w;= msf wdksixi wg
fmryka lv msf wdksixi my
f;,a ;nd .kakd nka msf wdksixi my
ffp;Hh msis lsf wdksixi
blgq .=,d msf wdksixi ;=k
wxilv msf wdksixi ;=k
m msf wdksixi ih
md;%d ;nk wdOdr msf wdksixi
Ndck msf wdksixi
;e msf wdksixi ;=k
fnfy;a T!IO msf wdksixi
mdjyka msf wdksixi
h msiakd jia;% msf wdksixi
ierh msf wdksixi
fnfy;a wka msf wdksixi wg
h;=re yd h;=re fldmq msf wdksixi
m msf wdksixi my
fndau wdosh weuf wdksixi
fnfy;a fndk mhsmam msf wdksixi ;=k
uy ie<s yd lr~q msf wkqiia oyh
wka k, msf wdksixi y;r
l=vd msyh
s d yd f,d Wrk w~q f wdksixi
kiH lsf WmlrK msf wdksixi wg
mqgq msf wdksixi
fldg msf wdksixi ih
msre is msf wdksixi
mdmqgq msf wdksixi fol
md, ta o~q blsf wdksixi
we .,ajk f;,a msf wdksixi my
.sf;,a yd f;,a ^mdkh lrk& msf wdksixi
uqj msis lrk oE f wdksixi my
wdh msf wdksixi
ij odkfhys wdksixi
fomdj, ika .e,af wdksixi
u,a fKq" u,a hka wdh msf wdksixi
l= mQcdf wdksixi
Ou odkfha jkdlu
;sirK iudodkfha jkdlu
iqN k ;reKhd weiQ m%Yak 14 yd ms<s;=re foiqu
mkais,a /lSf wdksixi
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~ viii ~
Free Distribution
mqfKHdkqfudaokdj
fuu .%ka:h imdokh l<d jQ mQcH h.u iqOudNsjxY
yshkag;a th m<uqj uqKh lr fnodyershd jQ tu msig;a" jdr
lsysmhl fuu .%ka:fha jkdlu wjfndaO lr .kska kej; uqKh
lrka Ou odkhg iyNd.s jQ ta ish msig;aa" fujr uqKh lsug
kka whqka Wo Wmldr l<d jQ tu msi yd Tjqkaf.a foumshka yd
mjqf,a ish fokdg;a" .=rejre kEoE ys; ;=rka" h.sh {d;Ska we;=
ish fokdg;a" fuu .%ka:h lshjd n,d msxlj, fhfokakd jQ tu
msskaj;a msi;a" wmg fuu oy ud.h wjfndaOlr .ekSug uQ,slj
ufydamldrS jQ lsn;af.dv [dKdkkao f,dl= iajdka jykafia o"
wmj;a jod< .re freldfka pkaou, uyd kdysfhda yd
.xf.dv, fidau ys we;= .re;r wdh uyd ix>r;akhg o W;=
p;=rdh i;H wjfndaO lr .ekSug ms<smka isjkla msi yd ish
iuHla oDIal fo foaj;djqka jykafia,dg o fuu .%ka:h uqKh lr
fnodyefuka w;ajkakd jQ Ou odkuh mqKH luh tl fia
wkqfudaoka w;s Nhxldr f iir .ukska jy jyd wm ish fokdg
tf;r ug W;= p;=rdh i;H wjfndaO lr .ekSug;a f ish l=i,
luhka fya;= jdikd fjd !
id ! id !! id !!!
kh - 2556
2012-12-12
vision.buddhist@gmail.com
~ ix ~
Free Distribution
kfuda nqoaOdh
fuu .%ka:fha jkdlu wjfndaO lr .;a wm iska

fuu .%ka:h kej; m.Kl.; fldg msgm;a oyil
Ou odku h msxlulg iyNd.s jqfkuq' fuu
uqKfha wm iska wre mdl fldgi .%ka:fha
uq,g .;a w;r l=i, mdl fldgi miqj olajk
,' ixidrh yd ;Hd oDIah hk mfo fuu
uqKfha tlal, nj o okajuq' fuu .%ka:fha
wka;cd, ixialrKh wm iska mj;ajdf.k hkq
,nk fjwvhg o we;=,;a lrk ,' msx leu;s
msia fuu .%ka:h jv jvd;a m%pdrh lr;ajd! l=i,
Ouj,u fhfo;ajd !
kh -2556
2012-12-12
nKavdrfj, h'
~x~
Free Distribution
ixidrh
kfuda ;iai N.jf;da wryf;da iud inqoO
a iai
ialkaOhkaf.a o Od;+kaf.a o wdh;khkaf.a o mrmrd jYfhka fkd is

meje;au ixidrh hehs lshkq ,ef' ixidrh l=ula oe hs ;j;a l%uhlska
lsh;fyd;a cd;sfhka cd;sh kej; kej; Wmokd i;ajhka f.a cd;s mrmrdj
fyj;a Nj mrmrdj ixidrh hehs lsj hq;= h' f,dalfhys wkka; i;ajfhda
we;a;d y' Tjqkaf.a ixidrfha mgka .ekSula ke;af;a h' tneka ;:d.;hka
jykafia iska wku;.af.dhx NslaLf ixidfrd mqNdflda k m[a[dh;s
hs jodrk ,oafoa h' uyfKks f ixidrh fkd olakd ,o w.la we;af;a h"
tys uq, mgka.ekSu fkd fmfkkafkah hkq tys f;areu h' tfia jodrk
,fha ixidrhd f.a mgka .ekSu jQ uq,a fldk ;sh u ;:d.;hka jykafiag
th fkd fmfkk ksid fkdj ixidrhd f.a uq,a fldkla ke;s ksidh' ke;s
fohla flfia fmksh yels o@ fkd yels u h'
uq,a fldKla ke;a;d jQ f ixidrh b;d > neka tla tla i;ajfhl= isska
w;S;fha kQmka cd;shla ke;' tl i;ajfhl= tla tla cd;shl Wmka jdrhka
f.a m%udKhla o ke;' ixidrh w;s > neka f uy fmdf<dfj ys tla tla
i;ajfhl= iska kQmka ;ekla o fkd is ;ekla o fkdu< ;ekla o u<
isrer fkd oeuQ ;ekla o ke;'
;ud u< l,ays" u< isrer oeug wfkll= f.a u< isrerla fkd oeuQ Y=oaO
ia:dkhla jYfhka ;ekla kshu lrf.k ishd jQ Wmdid<Ayl k nuqKd
yg ;:d.;hka jykafia fufia jod< fial' f m%foaYfha Wmdi<ayl hk ku
we;shjqka f.a u< isreru ;=ia oyila ^14"000& fuys ojd ;sf' f,dalfha fkd
u< ;ekla k ke;h hkq tys woyihs' b;d > jQ f ixidrfhys tla tla
i;ajfhl= f.a uj fkd jQ i;ajfhla o mshd fkd jQ i;ajfhla o ifydaorfhl=
fkd jQ i;ajfhla o ifydaohl fkd jQ i;ajfhla o mq;a fkd jQ i;ajfhla o
fkd jQ i;ajfhla o iq,N fkd fj;a" hehs nqka jykafia jod< fial' ;j o
wkjrd.% ixidrfhys tla i;ajfhl= u ls o yevQ l o wkqka iska
ysi lmkq ,efuka .e f,a o hk f tl tllau id.r c,hg wl nj
;:d.;hka jykafia jod< fial'
;j o ixidrh b;d > neka <s jQ rEm jQ flfkl= gq l,ays uu o f
> jQ ixidrfhys fufia iQfha ue hs o w,xldrfhka ieriS isk iem we;s
flfkl= gq l,ays uu o fmr fun iem ,enQ fj hs o ksYaphg meKsh
hq;= nj o ;:d.;hka jykafia jod< fial'
iir ieirkakd jQ i;ajhka iq.;sfh ys o Wmk kuq;a fndfyda fihska
Wmkafka .;sfh ys h' tneka Tjqkg i;r wmdh ish ksfji n h' tla
tla i;ajfhl= iska jI ish .Kklg jrl msmdidj ixisfok muKg
mekla yd l=i.skak ixisfok muKg wyrla o fkd ,en b;d lfia l,a
hjk" fm%a;j w;S;fhys Wmka jdrhka f.a m%udKhla o ke;af;a h' Nhdkl
~1~
Free Distribution
rEm we;s hu rl=ika iska jE fmdfrda j,ska lmka hyq,a j,ska wkska
.sksh jQ f,day .=,s f,da h uqj nyd,ka wmuK la fok ixcSj wd
krlj, Wmka jdrhka f.a m%udKhla ke;af;a h' ksjkg fkd meK iir
/kfyd;a i;ajhdg u;= o tfiau lgql la fndfyda |skakg isjkafka h'
lreKq fufia fyhska iir / isf Nhdkl;ajh ksu l, fkd fya' ta nj
o;a nqoaOdoS W;a;ufhda ixidr nkaOkh is| iika tf;rj ksjka mqrhg
msiqkd h' lska Kq leue;af;da ta ksjkg meKSug W;aiy lr;ajd'
ixidrfha wdhq ld,h ^ fmq,a, iQ;%h &

ukqIHhdf.a .=KOu msfyka mj;sk g" wdhqI wjqre wixLHfha isg
wjqre 10 olajd wvq" l%ufhka .=KOu jefvk g kej;;a wdhqI wixLH
olajd u jef' fu;r ld, iSudjla wka;#l,amh kka ykajk w;r
inqrcdKka jykafia kula my< jkqfha ukqIHh wdhqI msfyka mj;sk
wjqre ,laIh;a ishh;a w;r ;=< h'
cd;s" wd{d iy Ih hkqfjka nqoaO lafIaa;% m%fNao ;=kla ms<sn|j ia;r f'
fndai;ajhkaa u l=i ms<sisu" W;am;a;sh" nqu wd wisu;a wjia:dj,
lmd isjk oi oyila ilaj< cd;s lafIa;%hg wh;a f' inqjrfhl=
f.a wd{d lafIa;%h k flda ,laIhla ilaj< m%foaYh hs' r;k" LkaO"
wdgdkdh yd Oc.a. wd ms;a foaYkdjka f.a wdkqNdjh fuu flda ,laIhla
ilaj< mqrd me;sr mj;s' bfr ys" if| ys t<sh me;sfrk iSudjg wh;a wiS;
m%foaYhlg ilaj<la he hs lshkq ,ef' N+ ;, 31 la ms<sn| nqoyf i|yka
jk w;r wm j;a jk ukqIHh f,dalh we;= ;sika f,dalh" fm%a; f,dalh"
wiqr yd ksrh fukau jH f,dal 06" rEm f,dal 16 la yd wrEm 04 la o tl u
f,dal Od;=jla ;=< mj;S'
wka;#l,amhla kdYh jk l%u ;=kls' tajd k w wdhqOj,ska" NSlaIfhka
iy jix.; frda. u.sks' f wm .;lrkafka uyd l,amfha is jk
wka;#l,amh jk w;r ;j;a wka;#l,am 60 la .;fuka miqj uyd l,am
kdYh isf' ffu;%S nqka u;= my< jkafka miajk wka;#l,amfha ksia
wdhqI wjqre wiQoyila jk g h'
osjH N+ 06
tla khl
ukqIHh jir
mrudhqI
fof,dj jir
mrudhqI ukqIHh jir
pd;=uydrdlh
;dj;sxih
hduh
ish
Kh
ih
50
100
200
400
800
1600
500
1000
2000
4000
8000
16000
wkQ ,laIhls
;=kaflda yeg ,laIhls
ody;r flda y;a ,laIhls
mkia y;a flda yeg ,laIhls
foish ;sia flda y;a ,laIhls
kjish is tlaflda yeg ,laIhls
wka;#l,am
64 = wixLH l,am 01
wixLH l,am 04 = uyd l,amh 01
b;du;a n,j;a l=, luhlska OHdk N+=ka ys ^n%yau f,dal& Wm; ,eu
isjk ksid fuu N+ka ys wdhq m%udKh olajd we;af;a l,am j,sks'
~2~
Free Distribution
m%:u OHdk N+ 03
1. n%yaumdich
2. n%yaumqfrdays;h
3. uydn%yauh
wdhq ld,h wixLH l,amhlska 1$3 ls

wdhq ld,h wixLH l,amhlska 1$2 ls
wdhq ld,h wixLH l,amhls
oa;sh
1.
2.
3.
OHdk N+ 03
m;a;dN
wmamudKdN
wdNiairh
wdhq ld,h uyd l,am 02

;D;sh
1.
2.
3.
OHdk N+ 03
m;a;iqN
wmamudKiqN
iqNlsKay

p;=: OHdk N+ 02
1. fjymaM,h
2. wi[a[i;ajh

iqoaOdjdi N+ 05
1. wy
2. w;mam
3. iqoiai
4. iqoiaiS
5. wlksG
wdhq
wdhq
wdhq
wdhq
wdhq
ld,h
ld,h
ld,h
ld,h
ld,h
uyd
uyd
uyd
uyd
uyd
wrEmdjpr N+ 04
1. wdldidk[apdh;kh
2. [a[dK[apdh;kh
3. wdls[ap[a[dh;kh
4. fkaji[a[dkdi[a[dh;kh
l,am
l,am
l,am
l,am
l,am
wdhq
wdhq
wdhq
wdhq
1000
2000
4000
8000
16000
ld,h
ld,h
ld,h
ld,h
uyd
uyd
uyd
uyd
l,am
l,am
l,am
l,am
20000
40000
60000
84000
l,amhla lshkafka fldmuK .= ld, mrdihlg o @

iQ;% msglhg wh;a ixhqla; ksldfhys wku;.a. ixhqla;fha idiH iQ;%fhka
l,amh ms<sn|j Wmudjla weiqfrka nqrka meye,s lr ;sfnkjd' kla
tla;rd NslaIqjla iska iajdkS" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai l,amh hkq ixLHd;aulj
oelah fkd yels fohla k" th Wmudjla u.ska fyda myod fok fuka b,a,d
iskq ,enqjd' tg wm f.!;u nqrka fuf,i meye,s lsula l< fial'
uyfKks" .ska-m<,ska yd Wiska fhdk ne.ska jQ m%dldrhlska ^;dmamhlska&
jg jQ k.rhl ^N+hl& imQKfhk u wn weg mqrjd ^w;=rd& lsish
flfkl= wjqre ishhlg jrla thska tl wn wegh ne.ska bj;a lrhs k" ta
wkqj b;d > ld,hla .; fuka tys wn weg ish,a, u bj;a " wjika
hd yels h' tfy;a l,amhla f. wjika fkd f' l,amh hkq Bg;a jvd .=
jQjla ' ;j o" wku;.a. ixhqla;fha mn; iQ;%fhys tk liSi fyj;a
~3~
Free Distribution
mj; l,am Wmudfjka o f.!;u nqrka l,amh hkq fld;r > ld,
mrdihla o" hkak ms<sn|j fun meye,s lsula lr ;sfnkjd'
uyfKks" h fia .ska" m<,ska yd Wiska fhdkla ^kQ;k ie;mq oyihla&
ne.ska tl iudk jQ tal >k ûeo ysia ke;s& uyd l.,a mj;hla f o" tu
l.,a mj;h ^foaj;dfjl= fyda wi,ska hk flfkl=& wjqre ishhlg
j;djla b;d isks liS ^fiao& ijlska msueu ^msi oeu& ksid b;d >
ld,hla wejEfuka f uyd mj;h imQKfhka f. wjika hd yelshs'
th" tfia f. wjika jQj;a" l,amhlg we;s ld,h fyda wjqre .Kk wjika
fkd f'
ixhqla; ksldfha" wku;.a. iQ;%fhau ;j;a iQ;% foaYkdjlska l,amj, ld,h
.;u jf.a u wfma Njfha îir& .= nj .ek;a ia;r lr ;sf' ojila
tla;rd nuqfKl= nq yshka imhg meK f,dalfha ld,h oekg fldf;la
blaujd f.dia ;sf o@ ta jf.a u oekg blau f.dia we;s l,am .Kk
fldmuK o@ hkqfjka uid ishd' tg nqrka iska Tyqg fufia ms<s;=re
fokq ,enqjd'
n%dyauKh" fuf;la blau f.dia we;s l,am b;d fndfyda h' tajd ish .Kkla
h" oyia .Kkla h" ,laI .Kklah lshd m%udKfhka oelah fkd yels ;r
h' n%dyauK h" f .xd kh mgka .kakd ;ek isg uqyqog jefgk ;ek
olajd jQ ish u je,sleg m%udKh .eh ^.Kka l<& fkd yels fia" w;S;fha
.; jQ l,am .Kk;a m%udKh l< fkd yels f'
m%{dl nq flfkl= jQ wm f.!;u nqrka idrdixLHh l,am ,laIhla mqrd
fmreo ^mdr& imQK l<d' fuhg;a fmr uyd fndai;dKka iska mxlr
nqka bfha ksh; jrK ,eug fmr ufkda m%Ksodkh iy jdla m%Ksodkh
f,i oyih wixLH l,am ,laIhla wksh; jrK" iud inqjre 512"000 la
yuqf mqrkq ,enqjd' f wkqj f.!;u nqrcqka f.a uq mdr ld,h is
wixLHl=;a l,am ,laIhla jk w;r tu ld,h ;=, yuq jQ iud inqjre
.Kk 512"027 kula jk nj o; hq;+ h'
wkd.;fha Hdl nq flfkl= f,i" u;= nqjk ffu;%Sh fndai;=ka
fid<idixLHh l,am ,laIhla ;siafia mdr o mqrd iskjd'
mdr;d ms<sn| oek .ekSug leu;s mskaj;=ka freldfka pkaou, uyd kdyshka
f.a mdr;d m%lrKh fmd; n,;ajd
:Hd oDIah
urka miq kej; Wm;la ke;" mska m lshd fohla ke;" mska j,j;a m
j,j;a mdlhka isfjkafka ke;" jH f,dal" n%yau f,dal ke;" ksjk lshd
fohla ;sh fkd yel hkd wdldrfhka jrojd oelSu ke;fyd;a jrojd
ms<s.ekSu :Hd oDIah f,i ykajkjd'
.kakd jQ wdldrh jer u'
thu i;Hh hs ;SrKh lr .ekSu'
hk lreKq foflka fuu wl=i,h isf' oi wl=i, luhkaf.ka n,j;a u
wl=i, luh jkqfha ;H oDIah jk w;r fiiq ish wl=i,a f ksid is
f' :Hd oDIa fndfyda ixLdjla mej;=K o tajdhska nrm;, u wl=i,a
isfjkafka kdia;sl oDIah" wfya;=l oDIah iy wl%sh oDIah hk ;=fkka h'
~4~
Free Distribution
kdia;sl oDIah
oka fuka m%fhdackhla ke;" mQcd lsfuka M,la ke;" mqo m~q/ hefuka
M,la ke;" mskam j, M, mdl ke;" mrf,dj bkakjqka fuf,dj
bmfokafka ke;" fuf,dj bkakjqka mrf,dj hkafka ke;" ujg lrk fyd|
krl j, mdl ke;" mshdg lrk fyd| krl j, mdl ke;" urKska miqj
kej; bmfok i;ajfhla ke;" f,dalfha fuf,dj mrf,dj h lsis
m%;sm;a;shla ;ud iskau m%;HlaIfhka wjfndaO lrf.k m%ldY lrk Y%uK
n%dyauKfhla ke;fyd;a iud inq flfkla my, jkafka ke;" f Yrh
i;r uyd N+;hkaf.ka ksudKh fj,d ;sfnk nekq;a i;ajhd uereK g
Yrh i;r uyd N+;hkag u tk mG" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda hk fldgia
j,g u tl;= fjkjd" bkashka wyig hkjd' wij,d odhlfhla" wij,d
uiqfrla" YaYS,fhla hkqfjka ;sfnk .=Khka urka miqj fkd fmkShkjd'
weg mr mshdm;a meye fjkjd' odk mQcd wdh wu fl,jr fldg
mj;skjd' odkh fudavhka iska mjik ,oaola' hfula odkfhka m%;sM,hla
;shkjd lsh,d mjikjd k ta lSu ysia fohla" fndrejla" kka fov,a,la'
mKa;" wmKa; ish fokd urka miafi kdY fj,d hkjd' kej;
bmula ke;' fuh w; k jQ ;eke;a;d f.a :Hd oDIah hs'
wfya;=l oDIah
i;ajhka f.a flf,ia we;s ug fya;=jla fyda m%;Hhla fyda ke;' fya;=jla
m%;Hhla ke;=ju i;ajfhda fl,fikjd' i;ajhkaf.a Y=oahg ^flf,ia
ke;sug& fya;=jla keye' fya;=jla m%;Hhla ke;sju i;ajfhda Y=oahg
m;afjkjd' i;ajhskag ta ta l=vd" Yd, jQ cd;Ska j, bm iem la ,nkakg
kshu jQ tla;rd l%uhla ;shkjd' ta l%uhg wkqj fudavfhdhs" mKa;fhdhs
hk yeu fokd u ta ta cd;sj, bm,d iem l ,nkafk' odk" iS," Ndjkd
jeks mskaj, n,fhka fyda ;mia /lSfuka we;s lr.kakd n,hlska l,ska
lshmq l%uh blauj,d jH f,dal jf.a ;ekaj, bm,d fYaI iemhla ,nkak
fkd yelshs' fudkjd l,;a kshu ld,h tkf;la la fl<jr fldg mru
iemhlg tkak ldgj;a fkd yels h' mska lrk fkd lrk mKa;" wmKa;
ish fokd l,am iqjdiq oyila iif ieird wka;sug l fl<jr lsu is
lrkjd' fuh ulaL,S f.daid, lshk ;S:lhd f.a ;Hd oDIah hs'
wl%h
s oDIah
;uka iska u m lrkakjqkag;a" wkqka ,jd m lrjkakjqkag;a" wkqka f.a
w; mh wdh lmd fldgd odk mqoa.,hskag;a" tfia lsug kshu
lrkakjqkag;a" o~q uq.=re wdfhka wkqkag myr fok yd myr ug kshu
lrk mqoa.,hskag;a" jia;= meyer .ekS wdfhka wkqka mSvdjg fYdalhg m;a
lrk mqoa.,hskag;a" wdydr fkd oSu" isrlr ;e wdfhka wkHkaj mSvdjg
m;a lrka ;ud o mSvdjg ,lafjka isk ;eke;a;d;a" m%dK>d; lrk"
fidrl lrk" mrodr fiajkfha fhfok" fndre lshk hkd f,i kElka
u m lrk mqoa.,hskag;a isjk wl=i,hla ke;' fmdf<dfjys we;s;dla
i;=ka urd tlu uia f.dvla lrk ;eke;a;dg;a thska isjk wl=i,hla
ke;' oka fuka" is,a /lSfuka" i;Hfhys msysfuka" bkash oukfhka ;mia
/lSfuka isjk l=i,hla ke;' fuh mQK ldYHmf.a ;Hd oDIah hs'
~5~
Free Distribution
:Hd oDIafha M, mdlhka

uyfKks" f :Hd oDIah h wdldrhla fj;a o tfia uyd idjoH jQ wka
tl Ouhl= uf.a ij{;d {dKfhka fkd ols' uyfKks" :Hd oDIah
jroj,a w;ka ish,a,g u uy;a jro f hkqfjka nqka jykafia jod< fial'
fuh foaYkd lr ;sfnkafk lu" lu M, m%;slafIam lrk kdia;sl"
wfya;=l" wl%sh hk oDIa j,g h' tu oDIa w;=ka l=uk oDIahla .;a wfhl=
jqj;a th w;a fkd yefha k urka miqj iq.;shlg hEula is fkd f'
ksjka wjfndaO lsula is fkd f' ta oDIa i;ajhdf.a iaj. fudalaI fol
wdjrKh lr ;sf' ta oDIa .;a;jqka urKh olajd u th w;a fkd yefha
k taldka;fhka u bmu isjkafka krlfh' tu ksid fuh ksh; :Hd
oDIah f,i ykajkq ,nkjd' :Hd oDIalfhl= tu oDIah ksid fkdfhla
wl=i,a lsug fhduq f' tajd o tl;= :Hd oDIah mdl f
wdkka;h lu j,g;a jvd n,j;a f,i mdl |Sug is f' wdkka;rSh
lu l<jqka l,am wjidkfha krlfhka fok kuq ksh; ;Hd oDIah
.;a;jqka f,dalh kdYh isjk wjia:df fjk;a f,dalhl krlhl bmso
la mdl |Sug is f' tfukau tfia isjk mdlj, wjidkh ms<sn|
ksYa;j lsj fkd yels h'
fndfyda wh :Hd oDIal ug fya;=j tjeks wh weiqre lsuhs' tfia igq
wh ;ukaf.a oDIah wkHkag rij;a fldg fmkajd fudav whj ta oDIahg
fhduq lrjd .kakjd' iuHla oDIah we;s wfhl= :H oDIalhl= lsu ;r
Yd, wl=i,a isjk l%shdjla ;j;a ke;' Oufhka wE;aj jdih lrk
mqoa.,hska fujeks wh f.a W.=,aj,g myiqfjka wiq f' thg fya;=j Ouh
fkd oekSu u hs' lereKq ldrKd Oudkql+,j fkdne,Su" igq whf.a foaYk
j,g ijka fuka Tjqkaf.a fmd;am;a" oHq;a igyka lshfuka kqjK
u| flkd uq,djg m;afj,d :Hd oDIalfhla wl=i,a isoaO lr .kakjd'
Y%oaOdj we;slr .ekSug k

Y%oaOdj lshkafka nqrcdKka jykafia f.a m%Odk b.ekaula' wmf.a Nd.Hj;=ka
jykafia Y%oaOdj fldgia follg fno,d ;sfhkjd' tlla ;uhs wuQ,sld
Y%oaOdj' wfkl ;uhs wdldrj;S Y%oaOdj' wuQ,sld Y%oaOd lshkafka uikafka
ke;=j" fydhkafka n,kafka ke;=j" wOHhkh lrkafka ke;=j hula Yajdi
lsu' ta Yajdi lrk tlg mokula" uq,la kE' ta ksid talg wuQ,sld Y%oaOd
lsh,d lshkjd' f wuQ,sld Y%oaOdj flfkla hqKqjla lrd f.k hk tlla
fkfjhs' wuQ,sld Y%oaOdj ;sfhk flkdf.a ,laIKh ;uhs" thd flfkla .ek
mykjd' l ld,hla hkfldg ta meyeu ke;sfj,d fjk flfkla .ek
mykjd' ;j l ld,hla hkfldg ta meyeu;a ke;s fj,d B< flkd
.ek mykjd' iuyr g ta meyeu fm!oa.,sl jdis ;ld jqK;a flfrkak
mqjka' nqrcdKka jykafia ta wuQ,sld Y%oaOdj w.h lf<a kE' Wkajykafia
w.h lf<a wdldrj;S Y%oaOdj hs'
wdldrj;S Y%oaOdj lshkafka m%{djka; ukqIHfhl= f.a hlsis f;are .;a
jgyd .ekSula' nqrcdKka jykafia fmkajd kafka f wdldrj;S Y%oaOdjg
tkak lsh,hs' wdldrj;S Y%oaOdjg me flkd ;=< ;sfhk fYaI ,laIKh
;uhs îoaOd;s ;:d.;iai fndax& thd woykafk ;:d.; nqrcdKka jykafia
f.a wjfndaOh hs' f f,dalfha mqoa.,hka tl tl foaj,a Yajdi lrkjd'
~6~
Free Distribution
tl tl foaj,a woykjd' kuq;a ta woyk fndfyda foaj,a j,g mokula kE'

kuq;a nqrcdKka jykafia f.a Ouh mok fj,d ;sfhkafka Wkajykafia
f.a wjfndaOfhka h' ta wjfndaOh keu;s moku ;=< ys|f.khs" Wkajykafia
Ou foaYkd lf<a' wdldrj;S Y%oaOdj lshkafka Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia h
Ouhla foaYkd l<d o" tal wjfndaOfhkau hs foaYkd lf<a' Nd.Hj;=ka
jykafia f.a ta wjfndaOh y lsh,d wm ;=< we;sfjk meyeughs' ta woyig
wdjdyu ta Tiafia ;uhs Bg miafia thd l,amkd lrkafka'
idudkH ukqIHhdg ys;kak j;a ne" idudkH ukqIHhkag fkd f;afrk"
jgyd .kak ne ud;Dld Wkajykafia l;d lr,d ;sfhkjd' Yajh .ek"
f,dal .ek" nqrcdKka jykafia i;= jQfha wiuiu wjfndaOhla' Wkajykafia
iuyr wjia:dj, uyfKks fukak fufyuhs ksrh'' lsh,d ksrh .ek
ia;r lrkjd' ia;r lr,d uyfKks" f foaj,a Y%oaOdjg me Y%djlhd
ms<s.kakjd lsh,d foaYkd lrkjd' t;fldg Y%oaOdj lsh,d woyia lf<a
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia f.a ta wjfndaOh Yajdi lsuhs' nqrcdKka jykafia f.a
wjfndaOh Yajdi lrkafka ke;s wh ;uhs jH f,dalhs" ksrhhs Tlafldu
;sfhkafka fufya lsh,d lshkafka' ta wh f ukqIH f,dalfh iem k
ksiaiq foi n,,d Tkak jH f,dalh'' lsh,d lshkjd' la k wh yd
n,,d Tkak wmdh'' lsh,d lshkjd' f yg ;ukaf.a fm!oa.,sl u; .%y
lr lrd m%ud fjkjd' ta flkd wuQ,sld Y%oaOd uq,la ke;s Y%oaOdjla ;sfhk
flfkla' f ksid wmg wdldrj;S Y%oaOdj Wmojd .ekSu y jeo.;a fjkjd'
idudkHfhka fmdf l;djla ;sfhkjdfka m%{dj ke;=j Y%oaOdj ;snqfKd;a
ta Y%oaOdj fudavlula lsh,d' t;ek fudavlu lsh,d lshkafka Th wuQ,sld
Y%oaOdjg'
Y%oaOdj jvjd .ekSu i|yd leu;s mskaj;=ka freldfka pkaou, uyd kdyshkaf.a
iQis uyd .=Kh fmd; n,;ajd
i;r wka;H Ou
ksia ka;k m:hg f.dapr fkd jkakd jQ o" tnekau ksid iska fufkys
fkd l< hq;= jQ o" fufkys lrkq ,enqj fyd;a nqoah wjq,ajkakd jQ o" tuska
u ta ;eke;a;d f.a fm!reI;ajhg ydks lrjkakd jQ o lreKq i;rla f he hs
nqrcdKka jykafia iska wx.=;a;r ksldfhys jodrkq ,en we;' f lreKq
i;r k nqoaO Ih" OHdkhg iujeKq W;=ful= ms<sn|j mj;akd OHdk
Ih" lu Ih" yd f,dal Ih o f' ksia ika;dkhg fulreKQ f.dapr
fkd f hehs mejiSfuka woyia flfrkqfha iS; jQ nqoa m%udKhlg
whs;sjdisl we;s idudkH f,dalhd f ms<sn|j fufkys lsfu ys wiu;a jk
nj hs' fjd Tjqkaf.a m%{d uysuh blaujd mj;afka h' Bkshd jkdlula
wdrEV lrkq ,nk ksmqK uyd m%d{hskag mjd iud inq flfkl=ka f.a
wdOHd;al ;;a;ajh ms<sn|j mj;akd wiS; .NSr;ajfha uysuh o OHdk
iqjfhys,d we;s m%fudaoh o lu kshduh ms<sn|j mj;akd iQlaIu
l%shdld;ajh o " ;drld uKav,h yd ksySldjkaf.ka ie ,;a wm%udK
ilaj< ms<sn| imQK wjfndaOhla o ,nd.; fkdfya'
~7~
Free Distribution
luh
luiaifldays lu odhdfoda lu fhdaks lu nkaOq lu mirfKda" hx
lux liaid l,Hdkx jd mdmlx jd ;iai odhdfoda Niaid;s wNsKayx
mpfpla;nx b;ahd jd mqfiak jd .yfGak jd mncsf;ak jd ;s
^wNsKaymj fjlaLk iQ;%h&
wkka; wmudK wiS; wkaf;Hh .=Kfhka hqla; jQ il,

f,daldkkao lrjQ i;ajys; Odhl jQ lreKd ksOdk jQ uyd ldreKsl iud
inqrcdKka jykafiag wm ieuf.a u kuialdrh fjd' mskaj;=ks f
ud;Dld lf<a wNsKay mpfjlaLk iQ;%fha tk iQ;% mdGhls' ta ksjka rifhka
rij;a jQ Ou mdGhg wkqj ish i;ajfhda u luh iajlSh fldg we;af;da
h' luh odhdo fldg we;af;da h' luh iem la fokd f.kfok uQ,
fya;=j fldg we;af;da h' tfiau luh {d;sfldg we;af;da h' luh msysg
ms<sirK fldg we;af;da h' boska hym;a fyda whym;a fyda h luhla
lrkafka k Tyq iska ta l,d jQ luhd f.a mdlo Tyqg u odhdo jkafka h
hk wd;afudamfoaYd;aul ksjdK Ouh ldka;djla iska fyda mqreIfhl=
iska fyda .sysfhl= iska fyda meoafol= iska fyda ksrka;rfhka isyl
s , hq;=
he hs ;:d.; iud inqrcdKka jykafia jodrkakg fhkd y'
f wkqj wm ne,sh hq;= wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= lreKq lsysmhla f'
luh hkq l=ula o@

hym;a whym;a lu fudkjd o@
tu lufhda wmg odhdo jkafka flfia o@ lshd h'
luh hkq l=ula o@
inq oyf luh hkq f;kdj f' ta nj fufia oelaf' f;kdyx
NslaLf lux jod uyfKks uu f;kdj luh he hs jodr lshd h'
f wkqj is;k f;kdj wkqj islrk luh o hym;a fyda whym;a h
yels h' ta wkqj ;s%O mqKH ls%hd" oi l=i, Ou" oi mdr Ou" iui;,sia
luia:dk wd mska lghq;= hym;a lu .Khg o" miam" oi wl=i,a" wOu
fj<od wdh whym;a lu ixLHdjg o jefgkq ,ef' tfia u hym;a lu
fya;=fjka iem odhl iekiq M,jk hym;a mdl o" whym;a lu
fya;=fjka fofk;a l,ska f;;a lrjk la mdl o f.k fokq ,ef'
hym;a lu j,g f.k fok iem mdl wdksixi kka o olajd we;' hym;a
luhka f.a odhdoh o th u f'
~8~
Free Distribution
l=i, wl=i, lu j,g mdl f.k fok wjia:d y;rla Oufh ys ioyka
f'
^1& GOufokSh
^2& WmmcfokSh
^3& wmrdmhfokSh
^4& wfydais lu lshd h"
;uka lrk fyd| fyda krl lu j, fldgilg fuf,dj mdl ,ef' ^tu
wjia:df my< jQ ;a; fhys m<uq cjkfha Yla;sfhks& ksoYk f,i
mqKaK k .shd" xudkldj" iqmamnqoaO rcq wd wh oelah yel' fjd
GOufokSh mdl hehs flfhka o; hq;= h'
tfiau wm lrk l=i, wl=i, lu j,g u;= cS;fha fldgila mdl fokq
,ef' ^tys my< jQ ;a; fhys i;ajk cjkhdf.a Yla;sfhks& fjd
WmmcfokSh lu he hs lshkq ,ef' ksoYk f,i foo;a f;reka
wmd.; u" iehq;a uy ry;ka jykafiag myrka kkao hlaIhd f.a wmd.;
u" uyd .=Ke;s Wmam,jkakd fufyKsh IKh l< kkao udkjlhd wmd.;
u" bkal .shd wkqreoaO uy ry;ka jykafiag tla oka yekaola fof,dj
bmu" nK wika is ue`hd fof,dj bmu wdh oelah yels h'
wmrdmhfokSsh k f cS;h o u;= <. cS;h o yerekq l< .= iir
mdl fok lu f' ^tu wjia:df my< jQ ;a; fha cjk i;ska ueo
cjk my f' tk 2" 3" 4" 5" 6 hk cjk my f'& ksoYk f,i plaLqmd,
ys f.a fofk;a wkaO u" uq.,ka uy ry;ka jykafiag fidreka myr u"
wmq;a;l isgqjrhdg Okh ,eu" Wmam,jkakd ry;a fufyKshg YsIaG rE
im;a ,eu oelah yel'
fuf,dj mdl h hq;= fldgi fuf,dj mdl fokakg wjia:djla fkd
,enqfKd;a u;= mdl fkd fokq ,ef' ta mdl fldgi wfydais hhs'
mrf,dj h hq;= mdl tfia ug wjia:djla fkd meKsh fyd;a wfydais
hhs' WodryKhla f,i foo;a f;r wjqre 36 la fyd|ska meos h .; lr
we;' ta wkqj tu fyd| luhka f.a fyd| mdl fldgila u;= fha ,eh
hq;=j we;' kuq;a Tyq wmd.; jQ neka ta fyd| iem mdl ta ia:dkfha fkd
h yels neka th u;= cS;hg ,eug ;snq iem mdl fldgi o wfydais
hkq ,ef' kuq msrE uyKou wmf;a fkd hkafka h' u;= tu l=i, n,h
wmrdmhfokSh f,i u;= iiair kka mfianq nj ,nkafka f'
hfula nq" mfianq" uyry;a hk ;;ajhlg m;a jqjfyd;a ish lu bka tyd
hl mdl u ke;sjkafka h' WodyrK f,i wx.=,sud, uy ry;ka
jykafia oelah yel'
wNsOuh ms<sno lreKq oek .ekSug leu;s mskaj;=ka w;s mQckSh freldfka pkaaou,
iajdka jykafia f.a wNsOufha uQ,sl lreKq" wNsOu ud.h hk fmd;a n,;ajd'
~9~
Free Distribution
wre mdl
mskaj;=ks" wms ia;r lrkak hkafka" is; Is; lrf.k is lrkq ,nk l=vd
wl=i,fhka kuq f.k fok mdlhka w;sYhska f>dar jQ lgql jQ wys jQ
la mdlhka nj h' jer lrk wh ue f.dia Wmk la jeu iem wvqu
;ek i;r wmdh f,i ykajhs' krlh" ;srsika fhdaksh" wiqr ksldh" fm%a;
f,dalh wmdh N+ i;r f'
krlh
wm f ixidrfha i;r wmdj,g je la m%udKh is;d ksu lsugj;a
fkd yels ;r h' flfkl= fldfya .sh;a ;uka f.a u ksjig u wdmiq
tkakdla fuka" ;uka f.a u ksjfia u ks;r jdih lrkakdla fuka" f,dal
i;ajhd ks;ru hkafka wmdhg u h' wmdh f,dal i;ajhdf.a ksjyk n h'
i;ajhd ta wmdj, la wkka; wm%udK f' jrla wmdhg jegqfKd;a f.dv
tkafka fndfyda ld,hlg miqj h' m<uqfjkau we;s ixj krlfha ksia
f,dj wjqre kj ,laIhla tys tla ojils' tjeks k 30la udihls' tjeks
udi 12la wjqreoaols' ta wkqj ksia f,dj wjqre ,laIfha tajd 3240 la ixj
krlfha wjqreoaols' tjeks wjqre 500 la tys wdhq ld,h f' f ksia f,dj
wjqre j,ska lshkjd k tys wdhqI wjqre ,laIfha tajd 1"620"000 ls
^900,000x30x12x500&'
ixj krlhg hka we;s krlj, wdhq ld,h Bg;a jvd tkak tkak u
jef' fojeks ld,iQ;% krlfha fuys wjqre ;siayh ,laIhla tys tl
ojils' tjeks wjqre 1000la tys wdhqI ld,h f' fufia l%ufhka hg hg
we;s krlj, wdhq ld,h je f' wfha wdhqIh l,amhls' tys wdhq ld,h
fuys wjqrej,ska oelaug fkd yels h' fhdka 84"000la ." m<," Wi we;s
uydfre mj;h klg tlajr ne.ska fr lvlska msi ouka .sh g
uydfre mj;h f. .sh;a" wfha we;s wdhq ld,h f.fjkafka ke;' f
;r w;s > ld,hla wmdfha je wmdfha .sksj,ska oefjka" f,day .=,s
.s,ska ug isjk" la yd fjk;a lsj fkd yels ;r jQ wmd la j,ska
uqod,k m%;sm;a;s ud.hla foaYkd l< ta nqmshdKka jykafiag tu m%;m
s ;a;s
mQrKh lrka m%;sm;a;s mQcdfjka fldf;la k mQcd l< hq;= jkafka o@
m%Odk ksrhka 08 la ;sfnk w;r tu iEu ksrhlgu Tiqm;a ksrhka 16 ne.ska
we;' tg uq ksrhka .Kk 136ls' l+vd krlfhda i;r j.hls' .+: krlh"
wism;% jk krlh" l=lal=, krlh" isn,S jk krlhs'
wguy ksrh
1. ixcSj krlh (
hu m,a,ka iska tys
fmdf<dfjys fmr<d lE,s lE,s fldg lmoa;a
kej; cSj;a jk neka ta ksrh ixcSjh k
udkfhka wkqka yd flda<dy, lf<da o" n,hka
uerfhda o i;=ka urkafkda o fuys Wmkakd y'
Wmka i;ajhka .sksh jQ

ta i;ajhka lu n,fhka
f' wl fl%daOfhka yd
fm rcjre yd ks,Odyq o
~ 10 ~
Free Distribution
2. ld,iq;% krlh ( fuys Wmka i;ajhka .sksh jQ hu fmdf<df fmr<d"

oe,skQ,a .id iyskakd jQ neka ld,iq;% krlh k f' udmshkag yd
;=rkag o .=Kj;a uyK nuqKkag o wmrdO l<jqka tys la |skakd y'
3. ix>d; krlh ( f ksrfha i;ajhka kj fhdka >klu fmdf<dfj ys t
ksYap,j is;s' tys wyi .==rkakdla fuka uy y`v kxjka t isk ks
i;=ka wUrka mj;fhda ta f w; fmrf<;s' tajdg hg i;ajfhda iqKq
iqKq fj;s' we;a" wia" .j wd i;=kag jo foka jev lrkafkda o i;=ka
uerefjda o tys Wm;s'
4. fr!rj krlh ( f ksrfhys i;ajhkaaf.a Yr ;=<g jeo we;=<; ojkakd jQ
kmqre ula we;af;a h' we;=<; msg; folu ojkq ,efuka y`vkq ,nk ks
i;=ka f.a y`v ksr;=rej tys wefik neka tu krlhg fr!rj krlh he hs
lshkq ,ef'
5. uyd fr!rj krlh ( w;sYhska fr! jQ .skafkka yd ka ;jkq ,nk
i;ajhka f.a ksrka;rfhka mj;akd uy y`v we;s ksid o ks i;=ka f.a Yr
j,ska .,k f,hska ms ;sfnk ksid o ta krlh uyd fr!rj k f'
;=Kqrejkg wh;a jQ o udmshkg wh;a jQ o jia;=j meyer .kafkda o kdY l<
wh tys Wm;s'
6. ;dm krlh ( f ksrfha hu m,a,ka iska .sksh jQ fmdf<dfjys .sksh
jQ hyq,aj, wuqKk ,o i;ajfhda .skafkka oefjka la |s;s' i;=ka mK
mska ojd uerefjda o wkqka f.a f.j,a .sks ;enqfjda o tys Wm;s'
7. m%;dm krlh ( fuys o ;dm krlfhys ksrs i;=ka mefik whqka >
ld,hla i;ajfhda mefi;s' urKska u;= bmula ke;ehs lshd ;Hd oDIa
f.k ml l< wh tys Wm;s'
8. w uy krlh ( f krlfhys tla ;a;shlska kef.k .skak wks;a
;a;sh olajd .uka lrkafka h' fmdf<dfjka kef.k .sks cd,dj Wv
mshkam; olajd o Wv mshka m;ska kslafuk .sks cd,dj fmdf<dj olajd o
.uka lrkafka h' i;ajfhda ks;ru tu iidfjka u tk .sksoe,a j,ska fj,S
oefjkakd y' w;rla ke;sj tys i;ajfhda fjfi;s' .sksoe,a j,ska yd la
j,ska o i;ajhkaf.ka o w;rla ke;s neka ta krlh wh k f'
uj ueu" mshd ueu" ry;=ka ueu " ix> fNaoh" nqka f.a wef.a f,a fi<u"
hk mxpdk;a;h lu l<jqka o" fndai;dKka jykafia,d f.a cS; keiqfjda
o" .=Kj;=ka f.a cS; keiqfjda o" ffp;Hh |skafkda o" fnda .ia kdY
l<jqka o" r;ak;a;%hg wh;a jia;=j meyer .kakdjqka o" ;% fdayy
S q o"
Ndhdjkag wmrdO lf<da o" fndre lsfjda o" iqrdmdkh l<jqka o" igq
.e;af;da o tys Wm;s'
w;s mQckSh freldfka pkaaou, iajdka jykafia f.a fn!oaOhd f.a w;afmd; k
.%ka:h weiqfrks
~ 11 ~
Free Distribution
ks rcq gq ksrhka yd tys hEug fya;=jk lu

w;S;fha wm uyd fndai;dKka jykafia ks uy rcqj bmso ishoS ud;,S
fomq;a meK ila fof.a wKska ks uyrcq ffjchka; k r:fhys kxjd
f.k fof,dj n,d hkakg jqKd' ta hk .ufka wmdfha la |sk i;ajhka
o fof,dj fo ukaj, iem |sk i;ajhka o ud;,S k osjH r:dpdhd
iska ks uy rc;=udg fmkakqf h'
ta w;r uq,skau fmka jQ fha wmdfha la |sk i;ajfhda h' tu ksrhka w;ka
o uq,skau fmka jQ fha f;rKs k Tiqm;a krlh hs' lelEfrka mefik
r;a jQ .sksis n meye we;s hd fkdyels f,dafhys mefik ksrs i;=ka oel
hg ;e;s .ekSug m;a ks uy rc;=ud l=uk ml l<jqka f;rKs
krlfhys jefg;a oehs ud;,S jH mq;%hdf.ka weiqf h' tg ud;,S jH
mq;%hd fufia lSf h'
f f,dalfhys nekSfuka yd w;amd j,ska myr fuka o wfl%daI mNj
lsfuka o n,hkag ysxid lrkakd jQ n,j;a yq ta m idyisl l%shd
fya;=fjka taldka;fhka u f;rKs k krlhg mefKkafka he hs ud;,S
fomq;a f;f lSf h'
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a fjk krlhla lrd r:h mojd tys la |sk ksrs i;=ka
ks rc;=udg fmka h' tys . ;=kla muK Yr we;a;d jQ ks i;=ka uy
we;=ka muK Yd, r;= jK yd lnr jK we;s n,a,ka iska t<jdf.k
f.dia flKavd udxih ymd hu fmdf<df fmr,d weg muKla b;ss jk fia
uia br brd lkq ,ef' ;j o lr;a; muK Yr we;s f,day ;=vq we;s
.scq,sysKsfhda ta f,day ;=vq j,ska ksrs i;=ka f.a weg | weg l;s' ;j o
f,day ;=vq we;s w;sYhska u Ndhdkl lmqgq ?ka gq gq ;ek t<j t<jd fldgd
l;s' f |sk la gq ks rc;=ud l=uk m l< yq f krlfh ys jef oe
hs ud;,S jH mq;%hdf.ka weiq g fyf;u fufia ms<s;=re kafka h'
f wkqj h lsisfjla uiqrelka wkqkag lsisjla fkdfokakd yq o wkqkag
fok fo;a j<lajk l%shd iajNdj we;af;da o uyK nuqKkag kskaod lr;a o
ysxid wdfl%daI flfr;a o Tjqyq m /iafldg ksrhg h;s' ta f ks i;=ka f.a
uia ljqfvda wkqNj lr;s hs ud;,S fomq;a lsf h'
bkamiq fjk;a krlhla lrd r:h mojd tys la |sk i;ajhka ks uy
rc;=udg oela h' ta krlfha Nhxldr uqqyqKq we;s hum,a,ka iska ;,a l|ka
muK m%udK we;s oefjk hlv l|ka j,ska ks i;=ka f.a ll=,aj,g myr
.sksh jQ hu fmdf<df fy<d tu oe,afjk hlv l|kaj,ska ksrs i;=ka f.a
we iqkq ikq lr;s' fuh gq ks uy rc;=ud hg m;a l=uk m l<jqka
f ksrfhys jef oehs ud;,S jH mq;%hdf.ka weiS h' Tyq fufia mejiS h'
~ 12 ~
Free Distribution
ta wkqj ksia f,dj iS,d .=K imkak hym;a wdph mej;= we;s ksjer
mqreIfhl=g fyda ia;s%hlg ysxid lrk nKsk mldrfhda wl=i,a /iafldg f
ksrhg jefgk nj lshf'
bkamiq ud;,S fomq;a wka ksrhla lrd r:h mojdf.k f.dia tys la |sk
i;ajhka ks rcqg oela h' tys hu m,af,da jgfldg .sksf.k ,sfik
wdhqOj,ska fldgka .jhka .d,lg t<jkakdla fuka w=re j<g mkak;s'
tys jegqkd jQ ksrs i;=ka ;=kh olajd .sks w=re jf<ys tfr;s' hu m,af,da
uy;a jQ l+vd j,ska .sks w=re f.k ks i;=ka f.a u;af;ys ,;s' kssrs i;=ka
fokdfjka ,dm fo;s' we;e ksrsi;=ka isysuq,dfjka ;udu foda;ska .sks
w=re f.k ysi ,d .ks;s' fuh oel ks rcq hg m;a ud;,S h lsk m
l<jqka f ksrfhys jefg;a oe hs weiq g ud;,S f;f fufia lSf h'
wjia:djla ,o l, odkhla fyda fokafkuq" mQcdjla fyda mj;ajkafkuq"
ydrhla fyda lrjuq he hs msia tl;=j uyckhdf.ka uqo,a iudo fldg
iuQyhd f.a m%Odkshdg w,a,ia wij,a ;ek jev i|yd fumuK ho .sfha
h" wij,a ;ek lghq;= i|yd wm iska fumuK fok ,oafoa he hs fndre
idlaIs " ta uqo,a ld oud ckhd /jgQ fydr iudo ldrfhda f ksrhg
jefg;s' Tyq w=re j<g jefuka lmdfj;s he hs" wgqjdjg o wkqj w:
o; hq;= h'
bla;s ud;,S f;f r:h wka krlhla fj; meo h' tys we, .;a ,sfik
.sksoe,a iys; uy;a f,day ie<shla fmfka' tys f,da h ms mj;s hs' tys Wmka
ksrs i;ajfhda hum,a,ka iska w,a,df.k md Wvg ysi hgg fldg ta f,dah
ie<shg oukq ,efn;a' ksrs i;=ka tys fmK ou oud mqmqr mqmqrd mefi;s' fuh
oel h m;a jQ ks uy rc;=ud ud;,S h" fudjqka l=uk m l<dyq oe hs
pdf<a h' tys ud;,S f;f fufia lSf h'
iss,aj;a jQ hym;a jQ wdpdr .=K we;s uyK nuqKkag ysxid flfr;a o tfia
l< mdmld yq ysi my<g jefgk fia f f,dal=Uq ksrfhys je mefi;a he
hs" wgqjdjg o wkqj ir,j f;are.; hq;= h'
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a f;f ta jH r:h wka krlhla lrd mojk ,' tys
hum,a,ka iska ;=ka . muK Yr we;s ksrs i;=ka f.a fn,a,g .sksf.k
,sfik f,day fhd;a oud bhg kud ysi lmd .sksh jQ f,day oKavlska
f.k f.dia f,dal=Uq ksrfhys ou;s' th n,ka hum,af,da i;=gq fj;s' lu
n,fhka ta ksrs i;=kag kej; kej; fn,a, iys; ysia my< fjhs' hu m,af,da
o kej; kej;;a fmr fia u la fo;s' fuh gq ks rcq hg m;aj lsk m
l<jqka fuys bm fufia la skakd yq oe hs ud;,Sf.ka weiS h' tys weiq
g fyf;u fufia lSf h'
uyrc" f f,dalfhys hfula mCISka w,a,df.k w;a ;gq is| msydgq .,jd
f., is| urd lkafka fyda f o" l=Kkafka fyda f o Tjqyq f krlhg
~ 13 ~
Free Distribution
je iqka jQ ysia we;sj ihkh flfr;a he hs" wgqjdjg o wkqj w: f;are

.; hq;= h'
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a r:h wka krlhla lrd mojk ,' tys fkd .eUqre
fldg we;s ruKSh .xdjla .,d nishs' .skafkka r;a jQ ksrsi;=ka .sks
fmdf<dj md.ka meka f woyiska ta .g niskakdy' tflfkysu .x bjqr
.sks .kS' tys .,d.sh j;=r .sksh jQ fnd,a njg m;a fj;s' msmdih
bjid.; fkd yels jQ ks i;ajfhda ta .sks.;a fnd,a lkakd y' ta .sksh jQ
fnd,a Tjqka f.a il, Yrh u ojdf.k wfOda ud.fhka kslafu;s' Tjqyq
l bjid .; fkd yelsj fow; ysfia nodf.k y~;s' fuh oel ks rcq
lsk ml l<jqka oehs ud;,Sf.ka weiS h' ud;,S f;f fufia lSf h'
taa wkqj wd ima; O OdkHfhka hlsis OdkHhla ,hg .kakd
;eke;af;la yg fnd,a yd Y% fldg fohs o" w:hla ke;s fohla yd Y%
fldg fohs o" je,s ue wdosh iu. Y% fldg fohs o" fufia ckhd rjgd
l=KQ fidre fuys bm .sksh jQ fnd,a .s,skakdy he hs lSf h'
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a jH r:h wka krlhla lrd mojk ,' tys fr! jQ
hum,af,da kq B wd kdkd wdhqO f.k jkfhys uqj jeoaoka fuka ksrsi;=ka
jg fldg fomiska ;s' ta ksrs i;=kaf.a Yr yeu ;eku isre isre
mKqjka lE fld< fuka fj;s' fuh gq ks rcq f i;=ka fmr fuys bmug
lsk m l<dyq oehs weiq g ud;,S hre f;f fufia lSf h'
taa wkqj hfula Ok" OdkH" rka" " t" neg .j wd yshka iska fkd ka
w[a[dKl i[a[dKl hula fidr is;ska f.k cSj;a fjoa o" f.j,a |S
wdh fldg fyda jxpd m%fhda.hlska fyda wkqka i;= fkd ka foh fidr is;ska
f.k meje;a jQ wh fuys bmso wdhqO j,ska keiS la |skafka he hs lS nj"
wgqjdjg o wkqj w: o; hq;= h'
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a jH r:h wka krlhla lrd mojk ,' tys Wmka
we;e ksrs i;=ka hum,a,ka iska lmd uia f.dvj,a njg m;a lr;s' tys
Wmka we;e ksrs i;=ka hum,a,ka iska fn,a,g f,day lU od weo
hufmdf<dj u; fmr,d kdkd wdhqO j,ska fldgd lE,s lE,s j,g fjka
lrk ,' fuh gq ks rcq h m;a j fudjqka fmr l=uk ml l<dyq oe hs
ud;,S hrdf.ka weiq g ud;,S fomq;a f;f fufia lSf h'
ta wkqj ksiaf,dj .jhka" yrl=ka" tjka" negjka" W!rka urd uiafldg
cSj;a jkafkda o uiqka uerefjda o fudjqkaf.a uia uiaf,dUq j, ûia l=Kk
,E,s j,& lsKSug fldgia jYfhka ;enqjdyq o ;j;a fkdfhla i;=ka urd uia
l=Kd mj;ajkafkda o f ksrfha bmso ks m,a,ka iska fldgia l< uia
f.dvj,a njg m;aj la |skafka he hs ud;,S fomq;a lS nj" wgqjd ia;rhg
wkqj w: o; hq;= h'
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a ks uy rc;=udg wka krlhla olajk ,' tys we;s
u< uQ;%d msreKq w;sYhska .kaO jQ wiQ , .sksf.k ouka mefikafka
~ 14 ~
Free Distribution
h' idlska fmf,k ksrs i;ajfhda ta l=i.sks fokd bjid.; fkd yelsj
ouka mefik ta wiQ .=,s f,i ms~qfldg f.k wkqNj lr;s' fuh gq ks
rcq f i;ajhka ukqf,dj lsk m l<dyq oe hs ud;,S jH href.ka
weiq g fyf;u fufia lSf h'
ta wkqj h i;ajfhla w;amd lemS wd jYfhka ksiqkag oreKq jO
fokafkda o ;=rka fjfyikafkda o wkqkag ysxid mSvd lrkafkda o wkqkaf.a
f.hs wdydr mdk wkqNj fldg mkjk ,o wiqkaj, u ksod miqj ta Wmldr
l< ;=rka f.a Okh meyer .kakd jQ Tjqkaf.ka w,a,ia .kakd jQ ;% fdaysyq
o f ksrfhys bmso .sksh jQ wiQ wkqNj lr;a he hs ud;,S fomq;a lshd
we;s nj wgqjdjg o wkqj w: o; hq;= h'
bla;s ks rc;=udg wka krlhla fmkajk ,' tys l=Kq jQ f,a ierj msreKq
w;sYhska .kaO jykh jk wm;% ,la we;' .sks rYafhka w;sYhska u
fmf,k ksrs i;=ka bka msmdis;j ug meka ke;sj f l=Kq jQ wm;% f,a
ierj mdkh lr;s' fuh gq ks rcq Tjqka lsk ml l<dyq oe hs uiS h'
tys ud;,S fomq;a ta lreK fufia myod fok ,'
ta wkqj hfula uj fyda mshd fyda ry;=ka fyda urd .sys mrdcsldjkag m;ajQfjda
o mQcd i;aldrhg iqiq jQ is,aj;a .=Kj;a nqoaO Y%djlfhda keiQ mldrfhda o
fuys bmso f,a ierj wkqNj lrkafkda fj;s he hs ud;,S fomq;a lS nj
wgqjdjg o wkqj w: o; hq;+ h'
bla;s ks uy rc;=udg wkq krlhla fmkajk ,' tys hum,a,ka iska
Wmka ksrsi;=ka f.a j .sksh jQ ,S fldl= j,ska wuqKd weo .sksh jQ hu
fmdf<dfj ys fy,d .j yula weo W,a .ykakdla fuka W,a .i;a ks
i;ajfhda f.dv oeuQ uiqka fuka la bjid .; fkd yelsj y~ka fl<
j=rj;a' fuh gq ks rcq hm;a lsk m l<dyq fuys je la|s;a oehs
ud;,S hre f.ka wik ,' tys ud;,S fomq;a fufia lSf h'
ta wkqj nvq , kshu lrk ia:dkfh ys ta ta NdKavfha w.h kshu ls
jYfhka fyj;a , m%udK ls jYfhka kshq;=j isk mqoa.,fhla NdKav
.kakg isk mqoa.,hkaf.ka w,a,ia f.k jkd NdKavfha , my; fy,k
fflrdlfhda o wefuka jeiQ ,Sfldlal /f.k uil= urkakd fia fydr
lsre Kq wd l+G l%shd lrk kSp fjf<kafoda o fuys bmso .sksh jQ ,s
wuqKk ,j .sksh jQ hu fmdf<dfjys kso;a he hs mjik ,o nj wgqjdjg o
wkqj w: o; hq;= h'
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a f;f ks uy rc;=udg wka krlhla fmkajk ,'
tys hum,a,ka iska lemQ Yr we;s ms<sl=,a ia;%S yq ysi w; ne|f.k y~;s'
f., is|s .jhka fuka f,a ierj ;ejreKq Yr we;sj .sksh jQ hu
fmdf<dfj ys bh f;la t isgqjk ,o lKq fuka is;s' tys tla tla
Ydj,ska .sksh jQ hlv mj;" fyk .ykakdla fuka Yo kxjka ke.S
wjq;a Tjqka f.a Yr iqKq iqKq tflfkys u lu n,fhka kej;;a Yrh
~ 15 ~
Free Distribution
;snQ whqkau my< fj;s' .sksh jQ mj; o kej; kej; Tjqkaf.a Yr iqKq
iqKq lr;a u h' gl .sksh jQ mj; folla fomiska ;a Wla.ia
wUrkakdla fuka fm,;a b;d r;a jQ f,a je.sfr;s' lsish gl mj; ;=k
y;rla o ;a fufia u fm,;s' fuh gq ks rcq hm;aj ud;,Sh" fudjqka
lsk m l<dyq oe hs pdf<a h' tys ud;,S fomq;a f;f fufia lSf h'
ta wkqj wmsis l%shd we;s iuyr l=, ia;S% yq wixh; OQ;sldjka fuka wdydr
mdk jia;%dNrK imhd fuka ;uka fmdaIKh lrk yshka yer mr
mqreIhka i;=gq lrjkakd jQ Tjqka yd is;a mos lr;sfhys yeisfrk mdm ia;%S
yq f ksrhg meK .sksh jQ hu fmdf<dfjys .sks oe,a iys; mj;j,ska
weUfr;s he hs lshd we;s nj wgqjdjg o wkqj w: o; hq;= h'
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a f;f ks uy rc;=udg wka krlhla fmkajk ,'
tys ,sfik hlre .sks w=re msreKq uy krd j,ls' th oel ksrs i;=ka tys
msiSug hj isk g .d,g fkd msfik yrl=kag fuka hum,a,ka iska
fkdfhla wdhqO f.k ka ;,ka ta w=re j, lrd f.k f.dia ksrs i;=ka
f.a md j,ska f.k ysi hl=rej isk fia ta hlre .sks w=re jf,a fy,;a"
tys .sf,kakd jQ ksrs i;=ka gq ks uy rc;=ud hm;aj fudjqka f ;dla
uy;a lg m;ajkakg lsk ml l<d yq oe hs pdf<a h' tys ud;,S
f;f fufia lSf h'
taa wkqj ksiaf,dj ksiqka f.a W;a;u NdKavhka jQ b;du we lrk m%sh
Ndhdjka yd h mqreIfhla mrodr fiajkfha fhfooa o ta mdmS mqreIfhda
fuys fomdj,ska f.k ysi my<g isk fia w=re j<g fy,kq ,efn;a he hs
lS nj flfhka o; hq;= h'
bla;s ks uy rc;=udg ud;,S fomq;a iska wka krlhla fmkajk ,' ta
ksrfhys l=vd uy;a la.eyeg we;s w;r hum,a,ka u fmr,d W,a .eiSu"
yria lsh;ska Yrh lemSu" jEfhka lemSu" f,da h fmu" f,day .=<s leu"
wd wfkal la fohs' ^freldfka pkaou, uyd kd ysf.a - p;a;d,sidldr
uyd miaikd Ndjkdj hk Ou .%ka:fhys olajd we;'& fuys ksrs i;=ka
;shqKq r lgql la fokd |s;s' ks rcq fuh oel hg m;aj fudjqyq lsk
m l<dyq oe hs ud;,S href.ka uiS h' fyf;u fufia lSf h'
ta wkqj fuf,djla ke;" mrf,djla ke;" fuys mdl ke;" umshkag
Wmia:dk l<dg jevla ke;" hkd f,i lu M, Yajdi fkd lrka igq
f.k ;udo fudayfhka fkdfhla ml fldg wkHhkag o igq woyia
Tjqka o uq,d lrk wOu mldrhka fuys bmso ;shqKq r lgql la fokd
|s;a he hs lshd we;s nj o; hq;= h'
f w;r fof,dj fofhda o iqOud fo iNdf /iaj ks uy rc ud;,S
r:dpdH_hd yd mefKk ;=re u n,d is;s' ila fo ud;,S fomq;a m%udo
l=ula ksid o lshd n,kqfha f lreK oel fufia is;=f h' ud;,S fomq;a
ks rcqg wij,a luh fldg wij,a ksrfhys mefi;a he hs lshka krlhka
~ 16 ~
Free Distribution
olajka yeisfr hs' ks r[af[da mK wdhq fha:kksrh oiaikiai

mhka;x .fchHd;s bka ks rcqf.a wdhqI f.jqfka kuq ksrhka oelSu
fl<jrlg k fkd hkafka hehs rcqka iu jyd tkak hehs jH mq;f
% hla
w; mKsvhla he h' th weiQ ud;,S fomq;a ^.=jkg kexjQ wyia hdkhl
isg k.rhl is krUkakdla fuka& tlmdrgu i;r Ydj, fndfyda ksrfhda
olajd fufia lSf h'
uyrc" ml l< i;=ka jik ;eka o oreKq ml l< i;=kaf.a Wmam;a;s
ia:dkfhda o YaiS, i;ajhka Wmokd ia:dkfhda o Tn iska olakd ,oy'
foajhka jykai ! oeka ila fo rcqf.a jH im;a olakd msKsi hkq uek he
hs ud;,S fo mq;a lSf h' miqj fufiau tys fo uka n,ka .sh nj ks
cd;lfha oelaf'
f by; oelajQ ksrhkays bmug fya;=jk h mjla lf,a k th pq; jk
fudfydf;a isys jqjfyd;a tu ksrhka ys bmsoS la |Sug isf' miqj thska
;sika i;=ka bmso wmuK la .eyeg |Sug is f' ;sika f,dalfha we;s
l lla fyda Tng fmfkk neka fuys th ia;r fkd lrkafkuq' bkamiq
fYaI lu mdl f,i fm%a; f,dalj, o bm wmuK la |Sug is f'
;srsika wmdh
ksia weig fkd fmfkk ;r b;d l=vd i;ajhd f.a mgka fhdka .Kkla
we;s i;ajhka olajd isk md ke;a;d jQ o fomd we;a;d jQ o ismd we;a;d jQ o
fndfyda md we;a;d jQ o fkdfhla igyka" fkdfhla wdldr we;a;d jQ o ;sika
i;aj iuQyhu ;sika wmdh hs' krlh fuka Tjqkag fjka jQ ;ekla ke;'
Tjqyq WmkQmka ta ta ;ekaj,u Tjqfkdjqka ld .kska lsis ms<sirKla ke;sj
ksr;=re fhka ;%ia:j cSj;a fj;s'
wiqr wmdh
wiqr hk kdufhka foaj .Khg wh;a fldgila o we;af;a h' fn!oaO
fmd;aj, fm;a;s wiqr" mydrdo wiqr hkdh k j,ska oelafjkafkda foaj
.Khg wh;a wiqrfhda h' Tjqyq fohka fukau iem we;af;da h' wiqr hk
kduh jHjydr lrk fm%a;hka jeks la; i;aaj fldGdYhla o we;af;a h'
wiqr wmdh hkq ta i;aj iuQyh u h' Tjqyq o fm%a;hka fukau fkdfhla wdldr
Yr we;af;da h'
~ 17 ~
Free Distribution
fm%a; f,dalh
fuys f,dalh hkafkka woyia lf,a fldgi" j.h hk nj o; hq;= h' ;j;a
uiamsvq jeks Yr we;s fma%;fhda" weg iels<s n Yr we;s fma%;fhda" iu ke;s
fma%;fhda lka o yuk mQ;suqL fma%;fhda wd fndfyda fma%; fldgia we;'
,laLK ys fujeks O fma%;hka istla fofkl= oel we;' fma%; jia;=
m%lrKfha fma%;hka f.a lanr l:d mkia tlla olajd we;' Is; is;ska lrk
lshk fofhys lanr wre mdl oelaug fuys,d bka lsysmhla olajkafk'
fiu fidgq wdydr fldg we;s j;a;di k fma%a; f,dalh'
ksiqka f.a yd i;=ka f.a u<l=Kq wdydr fldg we;s l=Kmdi k fma%;
f,dalh'
wiQ wdydr fldg we;s .+:Ldol k fma%a; f,dalh'
lka kslafukakd jQ .sksoe,a we;s w.a.scd, uqL k fma%; f,dalh'
blgq u,lh muK jQ uqLhla we;s uyd ie<shla muK nv we;s iquqL
fma%; f,dalh'
id.skafkka yd msmdifhka ks;r fmf<k neka wdydr mdk wdYdfjka
fmf<k ;Kay; fma%a; f,dalh'
.skafka od .sh lKqjla fuka h<S .sh Yr we;s iqksCOdul k fma%;
f,dalh'
wdhqO jeks jQ ;shqKq ;udf.a Yrhu lefmk ksh wd Yr wjhj we;s
iF:x fma%; f,dalh'
mj; ;r Yd, Yr we;s mn;x. fma%; f,dalh'
msUqrka f.a Yr jeks Yr we;s wc.rx. fma%; f,dalh'
udkj, bmso iemla folu l,ska l, |skakd jQ fudksl fma%;
f,dalh'
le,Ej, jdih lrkakd jQ uy;a jq iDoa o we;s uys`l k fma%; f,dalh'
fma%; jia;= l:d lsysmhla

ml< .eyeKshl f.a lanr l:dj û;a;d fma%; jia;=j&
N+; hk mq;=f.a mshdg ;siaid yd u;a;d lshd rs|ka fofofkla jQ y' miq
lf,l krl .;s mej;= ;snQ u;a;d ue fm%a;shla j bmso kla N+;f.a mshd
ksjfia ke;s w;f ksji wi,g wdjd h' f fma%;sh gq ;siaidj fma%;shf.ka
f;dm ljfrla oe hs m%Yak l<d h' tys fm%a;sh ;ud f ksjfia is u;a;d
nj lSjd h' l=uk mjla fldg fma%; f,dalfha Wmkafka oe hs weiQ g fma%;sh
fufia lsjd h'
~ 18 ~
Free Distribution
uu fl%daO lrk" mreI nia lshk" BIH_d lrk uiqre is;a we;s fflrdl .;s
we;a;shla ' uu ta kmqre jpk l:d fldg fuf,dka fma%; f,dalhg
.sfh he hs fma%;sh lS nj w: o; hq;= h'
bla;s ;siaidj iska ljr mdm luhla fya;=fjka miska .ejiqkq isrerla
we;a;shla jQfha oe hs wik ,' tys ;ud ukqf,dj " ,iaik weka ieriqk
;siaidj yd iajd mq;%hd l:d lrka iskd oel BIH_dfjka uevqkq is;a we;a;S
fldamfhka mia f.k thska ;siaidjg .eiQ mka fufia jQ nj lSjd h'
bla;sj ;siaidj iska fma%;shf.ka ljr luhla fya;=fjka kqU leiS
frda.hlska fmf,kakS oe hs weiS h' tys fma%;sh ukqf,dj u;a;d kka ish
oS li,shd f. f.k;a ;siaid ^;u iajdhdf.a wfkla Ndhdj& ksok
hyfka we;=rejd jQ mdm lu n,fhka fufia jQ nj lSjd h' bla;s ;siaidj
fma%;shf.ka kqU k.akj bmug fya;=j l=ula oe hs wikq ,enqjd h' fmr
u;a;d kka ukqf,dj ksia l;laj ish oS jia;%hla fidrl l, mka
fufia k.akj Wmkafka he hs fma%;sh lsSjd h'
bla;s ;siaidj fma%;shf.ka l=ula fyhska ^f;da& wiQ .| yukakshla jQjd oe
hs weiqjd h' fmr cS;fha iajd mq;h
% d f.a wksla rs| f.a iqj| j. o" u,a
ud,djla o w.kd ,jqka o wrf.k wiQ j<lg oeuQ mka fufia .|
yukakshla jQ nj fma%;sh lSjd h' miqj ;siaidj iska NslaIQka wg kula
jvud oka weh fm%a; lska ksoyialr jH im;a ,dlr kakd h'
tneka mskaj;=ks" ukqf,dj cSj;a jk Tn lg fya;=jk ls<s lu fkd
fldg msis cS;hla .; lsug is;g .; hq;= h'
rkajka .;la yd ;sika uqjla ,o iQLr uqL fma%; jia;=j

kdro ys rkajka .;la yd W!re lgla we;s fmA%;fhla olakd ,' ta
fma%;hdf.a mQj luh uid ne g fyf;u ldYHm nq iiqfka NslaIqjlaj
ish ldhsl ixjrh wdrlaId l< mskska rkajka mdg isrerla we;af;la h'
jpkfhka NslaIQkag wdfl%daI mNj l< mka ksrfhys nqoaOdka;rhla u meiS
oeka W!re lgla we;s fma%;fhlaj bmso we;s nj fma%;hd iska u lsf h'
^fma%'j w' 8 msg&
fla<d lSf nrm;, lu

kdro ys gq mQ;suqL fma%;hd f.a Yrh fofhl= f.a n meye we;af;a h'
kuq .| yuk uqLh mKqfjda ms isre fldg l;s' fufia ug fya;=j fudyq
ldYHm nq iiqfka NslaIqjla ish lh ixjr lr.;a w;r wdjdih .ek
f,daN Wmojd fla<d lshd tys is NslaIQka foku fNao fldg hjk ,' ta
mka fkdfnda l,lskau .s,kaj ue ksrfha bm nqoaOdka;rhla u meiS oeka
fma%;j bmso la |sk nj wgqjdf olajd we;'
^fm%a' j w' 10 msg&
~ 19 ~
Free Distribution
fndre lshd jqrd .e,jqk Wmdisldj

iej;g wdikak .ul ish oS NslaIQka wgkula gq m[ap mq;% Ldol fma%;sh
f.a ia;rh fufia h' weh k.akh" rEm jQ ms<sl=,a rEmfhka hqla; h" isreka
l=Kq .| yuhs" yd;a mi ueiaikaf.ka msreKq isrere we;a;S h' weh Wfoa
ld,fha orejka mia fofkla j|d idlska fmf,k neka je mq;=ka mia fokd
u lkq ,ef' iji o tfiau lrkq ,ef' fya;=j weh fmr iehd f.a
wfkla rs| f.a .efy,d th weiQ l, tfia fkd l< nj lshd" lf<a k
fmr lS la |skakshla fjd he hs fndrejg jqrejd h' tneka fufia jQ nj
olajd we;' fufia u wka ia;%shl f.a .efy,d tfia lf<a ke; he hs fndre
lshd jqrd Wfoa iji orejka mia fokd ne.ska ysfldg" ta ;u orejka u
wkqNj lrk fma%;shla fndfyda NslaIQka iska olakd nj o i|yka f'
^fm%a' j md,s 1-6 " 1-7 jia;+ka&
iehdg l< Ydmh rs|g |jkak jQ l:dj

tla NslaIqjla lef,a flfhka ish oS kskao f.dia fudyq iu is wks;a
mssi l:d fkd fldg wu;l .sh y' iji wjos jQ miq jkfha tla fofhla
ksia fjiska ;a Wmia:dk l,d' ta w;r wiQ yd uQ;%d o f,a ierj o wkqNj
lrk fma%;shla ;a osjH mq;%hdf.ka" yshks ug wdydr fokak" jia;% fokak
he hs b,a,hs' wehg fok yq,a jH i o f,day njg m;afj;a' fuh gq
NslaIqj fomq;af.ka ia;r weiS h' weh ukqf,dj ;udf.a rs| njo ;ud
okafok g weh f,daNfhka uiqre nka fufia wdfl%daI l< nj o lsf h'
tk f odkh f;dmg mrf,dj wiQ o uQ;% o ierj o fjd" f fok
jia;% f;dmg f,day jia;% fjd lshd h' ;ud oka fo ukla ,o njo rs|
oka fok Tyqg uiqrej Ydm fldg fufia fmA%;shla bm we;s njo fomq;a
mejiqf h'
ûydfmaildr fma%; jia;+j&
hym;a orejdg Ydm l< whym;a ujg jQ mdlh

kla lxLdfj; iajdka jykafia .xd k ;Srfha ish fma%;shla ;a
Wkajykafiaf.ka ug meka b,a,S h' issys,a h we;s f . fuys ;sfnoa
l=ula ksid meka b,a,kakS oe hs weiQ g ;ud ta meka .kakd g ta . h
j;=r f,a njg m;a jk nj lSjd h' Bg fya;=j ueh ukqf,dj bm ish
uehf.a W;a;r k mq;= lpdhk iajdka jykafiag oka fok g uiqre
lka fmKq uE mq;=g fufia Ydm lf,a h' h fia Tn uf.a wlue;af;ka
fufia uyKqkag oka fo o" f ish,a,u Tng mrf,dj f,a fjd lshd h'
tys mdl wehg fufia fma%;shla f.jkakg jQ nj olajd we;'
^W;a;r ud;= fma%; jia;=j&
l+g fjf<kaodg yd umshkag myr kakkag jk mdl

tla fm%a;fhla fnd,a ysi iqrejd .kS' tla fma%;fhla uq=frka ish ysi
|.ks' tla fma%;shla ish uia f,a wkqNj lrhs' tla fm%a;shla wiQ wkqNj
~ 20 ~
Free Distribution
lrhs' fuh gq uq.,ka uy ry;ka jykafia wiQ lk fma%;shf.ka f;dms

l=uk mfldg fufia la |skakdyq oe hs weiQ fial'
fmr l+g fjf<kafola ye,a ^fnd,a& r;a ye,a iu. Y% fldg fydr Kq
l%u o we;sj fj<od lrka isg lh l, miq f m<uq fma%;hd jQ nj lSjd
h' f fjf<kaod f.a mq;a f;f uj ys; ;=rkag ix.%y fkd lrkakS h
lshd fhda.H yula f.k ;u ujf.a ysig myr kafka h' Tyq lh fldg
;a f lshQ fojk fma%;hd h' ta ujg .eiQ mq;df.a | yeu fokdgu
wdydr msKsi ;snQ uia fydrdg ld miqj weiQ l,ays ;ud tfia fkd lE nj o
lshd bka ud iska ta ui lEf k Njhla Njhla mdid ;udf.a msfgys uia
is|f.k lkakshla fjd he hs fndrejg jqrd Ydm l<d h' ta fya;=fjka weh
ish uia f,a wkqNj lrk f;fjks fma%;sh h' ta mq;df.ka .= lE uj jQ ud
h h foa b,a,d f.k wd l, ke;s nj lshd bka ;shdf.k ke;s he hs
lshkafka k WmkQmka ;ek wiQ lkakshla u fjd hs lSjdh' ta fya;=fjka
;ud lh fldg ;a fufia wiQ lk fma%;shla jQ nj f;dfuda lsjd h'
^fma%; j;a:q wG l:d-137 msg&
fouy,a,ka f.a lanr l:dj

ixlsp ys Wlg,S isjqre yer hkakg is idufKar kulg f fma%; msi
fmkajk ,' uq,ska u we;a jdykhlska jH mq;%fhla h;s' fojeksj wYaj
jdykhlska jH mq;%fhla h;s' f;jeksj isldjlska fojkla h;s' ta yeu
miqmi fma%;fhla yd fma%;shla mreI jpk lshka Tjqfkdjqka f.a we o f,a
ierj fndka w;Dma;su;aj hkq ,ef' ta .f Bg l osklg fmr Wmia:dhl
mjq,la jeis iq<g f.a ;a;s weo je hg mia fofkla h .sh y' tk
foudmshka yd mq;=ka fofokd o tlu j o f' ta fmr oka ka mq;=ka
fofokd jH mq;%hka jQy' j ;ud ,o fldgiska wvla fojkla jQjd h' ta
fouy,af,da oka fok orejkag ta oSu .ek wdfl%daI mNj fldg fma%;j Wmka
nj fmkajd fok ,' fuh weiQ idufKar ys ixf. njqka jvd ry;a h'
^fma%; j;a:qmd,s kd.d fma%; jia;=j &
?g foiem ojd,g wmdl ^.oaol fma%; jia;=j&

f fma%;hdg ?g foiem ,ef' oj,ag fndfyda la |skakg is f' fya;=j
fudyq uqj jeoafolaj ish tla Wmdil;=fula f.a jpkh wid ? ovh
lsfuka je<lS isg ojd,g tys fhfokafka h' Tyq lrsh fldg fudksl
fma%;fhl= bmso fufia ?g iem ,efnk w;r ojd,g la |skafkla jQ nj
o; hq;= h'
jer f,i ksYaph lsf mdl

ir rcq f.a fiajfha kshq;= tla mqreIfhla tla kla rd;%S ld,fha muKla
Wfmdai: YS,h wdrlaId fldg lh l, miq f.dia fudksl fma%;fhl=
Wmkafka h' fyf;u wv /hla is,a /lS mskska uy;a im;a ,enqf h' kuq
ukqf,dj fla<d lS neka o w,a,ia f.k wlrK ksYaph ksjer f,i
~ 21 ~
Free Distribution
is fkd l< neka o ;udf.a u msfgys uia ;ud u wkqNj lrkafkl= jQ nj

fma%; jia;= wGl:df 150 msfgys oelaf'
nqka mqog f.k hk u,a iqj| je<elaf mdl

;j o rc.y kqjr tla Okj;a mqreIfhla wm nqrcdKka jykafia f.a iEh
msSug ;u | yd j o f,a,sh o f.k hkak ye u,a iqj| ,jqka je<ela jQ
mka l=Kq o yuk mKqjka ms uqyqK |f.k lk w wdhqO j,ska
uqyqK ks;r ;=jd, lr.kq ,nk fma%;fhl= jQ nj Od;=jKaKl fma%; jia;=f
oelaf'
wNsfma%; jia;=j
f fma%;hd f.a ysi ksfil= f.a jeksh' l| kd.fhl= f.a jeks h' uq weu
.sksf.k ks;r ,dm lshka jhs' fuh .scql= mf gq uq.,ka ys
nqrcdKka jykafia yuq ta nj m%ldY fldg Tyqf.a mQj luh pdf<a h'
nqrcdKka jykafia th jod< fial' fmr fudyq mkai,la wi, l=Uqrla we;s
f.dfhls' bka fndfyda ksiqka l=Uqr ue`vf.k mkai,g tk neka" fudyq
f mkai, ke;ak uf.a l=Uqr /fla he hs is;d mkai, .sksn;a lf<a h' f
mka wfha meiS oeka fma%;j bm la |skafka he hs jod< fial' tneka
i;amqreIfhks mjg h fj;ajd'
ysjg l< jrka f.kka mdlh

fmr tla fjf<kafol= ;u lvms, imfha we;s mdr wi, tla uvj.=rla
ksiaiqkag myiqfjka hkak ,efjd hs is;d" ue l,a.sh f.dKqka f.a ysia
ln,a f.kajd f.k th f.dv lf<a h' kla ;u nEkd f.a ;%fhla osfhys
nei kdk l,ays Tyqf.a jia;% lS%vd msKsi ysjg ie jQfha h' miqj kej;
fok ,' f fj<odKka f.a nEKd l< jrolg fudyq f.a ysi .id ouk ,'
uef.dia N+udgq fofhla h' fmd mdrla iE msfkka f.fhka hd yels
jdykhla ,enqKs' .=Kj;=kaf.a .=K jKkd l< l=i,fhka Yrfhka iqj|
yukafka h' kuq fl<s msKsi jia;%h ijd wkqka fjfyi l< wl=i,fhka
k.akj Wmka nj o; hq;= h' tneka i;amqreIfhks" ysjgj;a wkqkaj
fjfyi lsul fkd flfr;ajd'
^wn ilaLr fma%; jia;=j weiqks&
wOujdka yd tla is,aj;=kag mNj fkd lrkq

fmr BIH_d lrk iq jQ l=, uiqre nka hq;a mdmS NslaIqjl f.a lSu wid tla
ieoeyej;a odhlfhla is,aj;a
NslaIQkag kskaod lf<a h' Tyq uef.dia
fma%;fhl= Wmkafka h' kla jeisls<s j<lska u;=jk fuu fma%;hd oel
Tyqf.ka fufia ug fya;=j weiQ g NslaIQkag fuh lshk ,' ta ,dul
NslaIqj oeka fldys oe hs weiQ g ta mdmS NslaIqj o ;ud f.a fufylrefjla
Y%uK fma%;fhl= isk nj o ud ta Y%uK fma%;hd f.a ysi Wv isk nj o
~ 22 ~
Free Distribution
lsf h' ;j o ,dul NslaIqj f.a jpk ms<sf.k is,aj;=kag kskaod l< odhl
fma%;hd ksiqka f.a wiQ ld cSj;a jk w;r odhlhd fkd ug hejQ Y%uK
fma%;hd ta odhl fma%;hd f.a wiQ ld cSj;a jkafka h' f moafoka u mdmS
NslaIqjl f.a jpk woyd is,aj;=kag ks.%y fldg fma%;shlaj bm ta mgq
NslaIqj o Y%uK fma%;fhla bm ta fma%; odhsldj ysi Wv ;ndf.k wef.a
wiQ ld cSj;a jk l:djla o olakg ,ef'
tneka i;amqreIfhks" NslaIqjla kuq Tng flfkl= .ek fpdaokdjla l,
muKska woyd wkqkag fodia k.d wmd.; fkd fj;ajd'
^fma%; jia;= m%lrKfha .+: Ldol" .+: Ldld fma%; jF:q&
idr rcq f.a 84000 la {d;Ska fma%;fhda ug fya;=j

Mqiai nq iufha ta fma%;fhda mam;a ksiqka is w;r Tjqka rcqg fiajh
msKsi rc ksjfia uy irejkg odkh ilikakg fhks' f w;r Tjqka f.a
wirK orejka wdydr b,a,d w`vkakg jkay' uq,a ld,fha i=ka j<od wjika
l, b;s jQ wdydr ka kuqq miq ld,fha uy irejk i|yd ilia lrk
fNdackh uy irejk je<ug fmr orejkag ka w;r miqj iel h wvq
Tjqka o wkqNj lrka odk Yd,djg o .sks ;enq y' fuhg inkaO ish,af,da
u ksrfhys bmso la| bka pq;j fma%;j Wmkakd y' miq ld,hl idr rcq
odkhla oS mska Tjqka iemj;a l,d' n,kak mskaj;aks" nqoaOdka;r y;la u la
ka luhl ye'
i;amqreIfhks" ;j oelah hq;= fndfyda l:d we;;a fuys,d fl lr' uiqre
nj fya;=fjka fma%;j bmso we;s l:d fndfyda h' th iudcfha ljqre;a okakd
lreKla neka fuys we;=,;a fkd lf<' fma%; f,dalfha la | bka pq;
iuyre wiqr f,dalj, bmfoa' iuyre ;sika fhdaksj, o bmfoa' wiqrfhda o
fldgia myla f'
lh jpkh wixjr f mdlh

;j o lhska jpkfhka jer lrkakjqkag uq,ska u ksrfhys bmso la |Sug
isjk w;r bkamiq ;sika f,dalfha o fma%; f,dalfha o bmso la |Sug f'
ukqf,dj bmk g m%Odk jYfhka my; i|yka laLhkag uqyqK ug is
f'
i;=ka ueu nyq, f,i lf<a k w,amdhqIal f'
fidrlu nyq, f,i l< mqoa.,fhda ukqf,dj fNda. jHikhg m;a f'
lduh jrojd yeisu nyq, f,i l< mqoa.,fhda ukqf,dj fndfyda
i;=rka we;af;da jkakd y'
nyq, f,i fndre lS mqoa.,fhda ksia f,dj wN+; fpdaokd j,g ,la f'
ks;r fla<d lS mqoa.,fhda ksia f,dj ;=rka iu. kss;r fNao Nskak
^;ryd& jkafkda fj;a'
~ 23 ~
Free Distribution
mreI jpk nyq, f,i lS mqoa.,hkag ukqf,dj wukdm jQ lgql jQ

llY jQ Yofhda u wikakg ,efn;a'
ks;r ysia jpk nyq, f,i lS mqoa.,hkag ukqf,dj fkdu woyk" fkd
ms<s.kakd jpk we;af;la f'
u;ameka u nyq, f,i l< mqoa.,fhda ukqf,dj Wkau;a;lhl= fyda
iqreK is;a we;af;l= fyda Yd osYdjla f;are .; fkd yelafll=j
fyda bmfoa'
^wx' ks wGl ksmd;fha odk j.fha ixj;a;ksl iQ;%h&
uiqre Ou mfyys wre mdl

;j o m[ap uch ûiqre& Ouh w;=ka wdjdi uch ^;ud jdih lrk
;ek flfrys uiqre u& fya;=fjka hlaIfhla fyda fm%a;fhla fyda tu
wdjdihd f.a u li, ysik
s a f.k yeisfrkafkla f'
l=, uch ^l=,h flfrys uiqrelu& fya;=fjka ta l=,fha ksiqka iska
wkHhkag odkudkdh fok l,ays oel taldka;fhka u oeka f l=,h ud
flfrys f|kafka he hs is;kqfha f,a fyda uqLfhka kslafu;a' l=iflhla
fyda fjhs' nvje, fyda le le kslafu;a' ,dN uiqre lka ix>hd f.a fyda
.Khd f.a ika;l ,dNfh ys uiqre nj fldg" mqoa.,sl mfNda.hla fuka
mfNda. fldg hlaIfhla fyda fm%a;fhla fyda uyd msUqfrla Wm;a'
Yr jKh fyda .=K jKh fyda mhdma;s Ouh ms<sn|j fyda uiqre ;ud
f.a u .=K lshhs' wkHhka f.a .=K lshk l,ays Tjqka f.a l=uk .=Khla oe hs
lshk h h fodaI lsfhkqfha o" mhdma;s Ouh o lsisjla ^weiqfjd;a& lshd
fkdokafka f o fyf;u jK o Yd Yd wd jHjydr ud;%h mjd
fkd okakd cd;sj,u Wmhs'
;j o wdjdi uiqre nj fya;=fjka f,day f.fhys mefikakg f' l=,h
flfrys uiqre nj fya;=fjka w,am ,dN we;af;la f' ,dNh flfrys uiqre
nj fya;=fjka .+: ksrfhys Wmhs'
jKaaK uch fya;=fjka Njfhys Wmkakdyqg jKhla k fkd f' Ou
uch fya;=fjka l=lal=< ksrfhys Wmhs he hs w;a:id,sk k Ou
ix>KsmamlrkG l:df 317 msfgys olajd we;'
ml< i;ajfhda by; lS i;r wmdfhys bmso wmuK la | h fyhlska miq
lf,l ksi;a nj;a ,o fyd;a fuys o ksjka oel msksjka mdk ;=reu wre
mdl f.k fokq ,ef' ukq f,dj tfia lu mdl fokakg fhk l:d
lsysmhla fuys olajkafk' fjd fyd|ska oek bf.k ish i;ajfhdau
mdmfhka fo;ajd' l=i, Ouhkays wm%udo fj;ajd'
~ 24 ~
Free Distribution
ksia f,dj mdl ka mQj lu

Lqcq;a;rdj odishla ug fya;=j
Lqcq;a;rdj fndfyda u Ou ll ldka;djla jqj o weh Wfoaks rc ksjfia
odishls' Bg fya;=j fmr ldYHm nq iiqk ld,fha ueh isgq hKshlaj bmso
kla ksjig je ry;a idufKar f;rKshlg r ;snQ rka wdNrK fmdh
;ud iu ys;j;a neka wrka fokak he hs lshd jev.;a mka nj o; hq;= h'
ta fya;=fjka wd;au 500 lau odishla bmkd h' tneka mskaj;aks" NslaIqKS
fld;r ys;j;a jqj;a l,amkdfjka weiqre l< hq;= h'
ûfkdar:mQrKS wgqjd - 238 msg&
Lqcq;a;rdj l= ug fya;=j
Lqcq;a;rd Wmdisldj ;rula l= Yrhla we;s Wjishls' tfia jqj;a Wfoaks rcq
f.a idudj;sh we;= 500 la fidajrekag Ouh foid fidajdka M,fhka ksjka
iem ,nd kakd h' ta msig Ouh b.ekau o l<d h' weh l=j bmug
fya;=j fmr Okj;a mjq,l l=udldjla j ish u|la l= mfia nqka
jykafia kula oel fl,sljg is;ska oldrlug mfia nqka jefha
fufyuhs lshd wka mjdr ldka;djkag .sh whqre weofldg ^l= wdldrh&
fmka h' ta mka weh l= Wmka nj o; hq;= h'
^wx.=;a;r ksldhGl:d 233 msg&
pq,a, mka:l ysg isjq uila .; o tla .d:djla mdv fkd ug fya;=j
Wkajykafia uyd mka:l ys f.a nd, ifydaorhd h' me idr uila .;
kuq tla .d:djl= mdv lr .ekSug nej wirK h' Bg fya;=j fmr
ldYHm nq iiqfk ys meosj kqjKe;af;la f.da, msig Ouh lshd fok
g bf.k .ekSug wmyiq kQ.;a fudav NslaIqjlg ljgl lf<a h' ta NslaIqj
thska ,ecdjg m;aj Ouh fkdu lshjd .;af;a h' ta wl=i, lufhka f
cS;fha me kuq kQ.f;la h' miqj nq lreKdj ksid fmr msrE mdr
u;= lrf.k ry;a wiQ uyd Y%djlhka w;r tla kula h'
Ôu moG l:d 152 msg&
mskaj;aks ! wog o iudcfha kQ.;=ka we;' f ry;a yskulg ys lsfuka

mdl ka luhls' tneka W.;a jQ nqoau;a jQ Tn ys ;y lsfuka
je<fl;ajd'
plaLqmd, yshka f.a fofk;a wkaOug fya;=j

f iajdka jykafia fmr olaI ffjoHjrfhlaj ish udf.a fofk;a iqj
lf<d;a uu mq;=ka iu Tnf.a odishla fjhs lS tla wkaO ldka;djlg
fnfy;a fldg oEi ikSm lf<a h' weh ikSm jQ miq odishla ug wlue;sj
weia fkd fmfkk nj ffjoHjrhdg lSjd h' lreKq jgyd.;a Tyq fldam
Is; is;ska oEia wkaO jk fnfy;la .e,aug kafka h' th .e,ajQ g wef.a
~ 25 ~
Free Distribution
fofk;a iyuq,ska u wkaO h' tu wl=i,h fndfyda jdr .Kkla mdl f

ry;a jQ cS;fha o uydmd, ys f.a oEia wkaO plaLqmd, ys hehs m%isoaO jQ
nj o; hq;= h'
Ôu moG l:d -12 msg&
idr rcq f.a ll=,a m,d Kq oeug fya;=j

u.Odm;s idr rcq Tyq f.a mq;a jQ wcdi;a; l=ure iska isrlrjd
hm;=,a m,jd f;,a Kq .s,ajd .sks f.k f,k lsys w=ka ms,siaiqf h'
fkdfhla jO fok ,' f fidajdka rcq g fufia la |Sug fya;= jQfha fmr
Njhl ffp;Hh ufjys jyka mh,d hEu yd b|.ekSug t merla fkd
fia mhska mE.Su nj iqux.,d ,disks wgqjdf idu[a[M, iQ;% jKkdf
fmkajd we;'
ys jQ ku li< f.dvlg ouk ,o wirK ore cS;hl fYdaldl+, l:dj

fu;=ud ls,s lu fldg cSj;a jk k.r fidaNkshl f.a l=i bmfka h' weh
orejd ys l< kfha ms orefjl= nj wid flfkl= ,jd f ls le <s|d
fidfydfk ys ouk ,' kuq lsisu if;l=f.ka ysxidjla fkd h' fohka
/ljrKh fok ,' miqj ;:d.;hka jykafia nq weiska oel tys je fial'
ksiqka o tys /ia jQy' tys f orejd fmkajd fudyq f.a wkd.; jdikdj o
fmkajd fufia ug mQj luh o jod< fial' fmr ieje;a kqjr fndfyda
Wmdil msila tl;=j uy;a odkhla fok ,' fuh gq uiqre mqreIfhla f
uqvq uyKkag fjd kakdg jvd f ish,a, li< f.dvlg oef k W;=
f he hs lshk ,' miqj ujf.a lSu ksid iudjf.k k y;la uy;a le|
odkhla kafka h' fudyq h f.dia fmr lS fia .Ksldjl f.a l=i bmso weh
iska ys jQ k u fudyqj li< f.dvlg oeu jQ nj o; hq;= h'
^l=udr fm%a; jia;=j 3-5&
foudmshka iska w;yerod .sh f>dail isgq

fmr tl hl f>dail Okjf;l=j ish wNsjd;l frda.fhka ta k.rh
fmKq neka | yd tlu orejd o /f.k .,jd .ekSug fjk rglg
hEug msg;a h' ldka;drhla yryd hk g f.k .sh wdydr mdk o bjr
la |ska hoa mq;= jvdf.k hdug ne neka miqj fjk;a mqf;la yod.;
yels he hs is;d orejd w;yer oud .sfhah' miqj | f.a ,dmh ksid orejd
kej; f.kd kuq orejd w;yer od .sh lu n,fhka Tyqj y;a jdrhla u
msia iska urd oeug f.dia w;yer ouk ,' fmr iqkLfhla ish
jkfha nqrd jk i;=kaf.ka mfianq flfkl=ka uqojd.;a mskska y;ajdrfha
u urKska w;a k kuq umsh fifkyi wys jqKd' wo o udmsh fifkyi
wys jQ orejka fldf;la iskjd o@
Ôu moG l:d - 105 msg&
~ 26 ~
Free Distribution
idudj;sh we;= 500 la ia;%k

S a .skafkka uefrkak fya;=j
Wfoaks rcq f.a w.% ufyaisldj jQ idudj;sh we;= mjdr ia;%Ska 500la fokd o
iu ud<s.h mska u .sksf.k urKhg m;a h' f .skak we;s lf<a
ud.kahd k ij f.a lSug wef.a udud we;= msila h' flfia kuq
fufia wjdikdjka; f,i uefrkakg fya;=j fmr idudj;sh rc ijlaj
ish f 500la ldka;djka o msjdr ia;%Ska jQ w;r f yeufok kla h
fl<shg f.dia yjia jk ;=re u h l%Svd fldg miqj .sks ;emSug or wdh
n,d .x bjqf ;DK ,eyenla oel tys mfianq flfkl=ka isk nj fkd oel
.sks ;enqjd h' .sks f.dv ueo mfianq ys iajk g hg m;a rcq fuh
oek.; fyd;a uyd m;la f hehs fhka" jOl f;kd we;sj u f
mfianq rcq fyd|g u ojuq he hs kej; .sks ;enQy' mfianq rcqka iuj;ska
is neka lsisu wmyiqjlg m;a fkd miqj wyiska je fial' kuq Is;
is;ska .sks ;enQ mka ksrfha meiS fYaI mdl f,i wd;au Ndj iShla u
fuf,iska f.h ;=< ysr oe h hkakg jQ nj ;:d.;hka jykafia jodf<a
h' tneka mskaj;aks" wl=i,hg hfj;ajd'
^wx.=;a;r ksldhG l:d - 240 msg&
mQ;s.;a; ;siai ys f.a isrer l=Kq la |Sug fya;=j

Wka jykafia fmr ldYHm nqrcdKka jykafia f.a ld,fha mlaIs jeoafolaj
fndfyda mlaISka urd l=Kka cSj;a h' tfiau mshdir lrkak fkd yels fia
mlaISka f.a flKavd weg;a mshdm;a weg;a lvd f.dv .id ;nhs' mlaISka l=Kq
o hhs' fufia i;=kag la ka mka iir fndfyda la | ksjka olsk
wd;aufha o weg ika j,ska .e, le .; l=Kq tla ;eka la |skak
jQfha h' tneka ksjka olsk cd;s olajd u fujka mdm lu fkd lsug
wIaGdk lr .ksuq'
fidafrhHl isgq f.a woaN+; luh

fidafrhHl isgq mq;%hd foore msfhls' kla hdjka iu kdkak hk g uyd
lpdhk uy ry;ka jykafia f.a rkajka mdg foay im;a;sh oel rd. is;a
my< fldg uqka jykafia udf.a | fyda jkafka k uek" ke;ak udf.a
| f.a isrer" uqka jykafia f.a isref meyeh jkafka k uek he hs
is;Sh' ta w{dK Is; is; iu u Tyqf.a mqreI ks;s w;=reoyka ia;%S ks;s
my< h' miqj ,ecdfjka ;laIs,d kqjrg mek f.dia tys isgq flfkl= f.a
| ore fokafkla o f,djg ys l<d h' miq ld,hl uyd lpdhk uy
ry;ka jykafiaf.ka iudj .;a miq kej; mqreIfhla h' miqj mej ry;a
h' ry;=ka flfrys is;k jer is;s,a, o lg m;a lrk nj ka o; hq;=
h'
Ôumo wG l:d 201 msg&
~ 27 ~
Free Distribution
imamodi ys khl= f.a lf w;oud o kd.hd oIaG fkd lsug fya;=j

f iajdka jykafia me cS;h .; lsug wmyiq he hs l,ls ish
ke;s lr.kak is;d NslaIQka .sksy,a f.a is kd.fhla l<hl oud f.k hk
g ;ud neyer lrkakka lshd b,a,d f.k kd.hd ,jd oIaG lrjd .ekSug
l<hg w; oud" Wf.a uqLfha w; oeu o oIAG fkd lf<Ah' Njfhka jeiS ;snQ
kd.hd oIaG fkd lsug lreK ;:d.;hka jykafia myod ka fial' f
kd.hd fuhska f;jk w;aNjfh ys f NslaIqjl f.a odifhla h' tneka ta
kd.hd fudyq tod iajdhd he hs oekS f.dia oIaG fkd l< nj jod< fial'
ksiqkag fkd f;afrk iuyr oE i;=kg jegfya'
imamodi ys Wlg,S jQfha uyKlu tmd jQfha wehs @

f iajdka jykafiag uyKlu tmd ish ydks lr.kakg o is;sfKa h' ta
i|yd jEh lf<a h' imfhl= ,jd oIaG lrjdf.k uefrkakg W;aiy f.k
fkd yels jQ g oe,s msyh
s la f.k lef,ag f.dia f., is| .ekSug ;e;a lf<a
h' ta fudfydf;a iS,h fufkys msis iS,hla /l ;snqKq neka i;=g
bm th oYkdjg kxjd ry;a h' f ry;a ug msk we;s ys nq iiqfka
,o me cS;h l,lsug fya;=j ;:d.;hka jykafia fufia jod< fial'
f ysfhda ldYHm nq iiqfka me ish tl ys kula isjqre yer
hkak yok g f.ysf.hs fodaI lshd j<lajk ,' miqj tu ys isjqr e yefha
k f ish mslr Tn jykafiag hEug is;=f he hs lS g ta isjqr mslr
.ek wdYdfjka kej;;a me cS;fha l lshd .sys wh |sk iem jKkd
lf<a h' ta NslaIqj fudyq mslr wdidfjka tfia lshk nj oek isjqre yer
fkd .sfha h' kuq Wka jykafia ,dul jQ Is; my;a is;ska l< luhg la
mdl f ksjka olsk wd;auNdjfha o uyK cS;h tmd jQ nj Nd.Hj;=ka
jykafia jod< fial'
kdlhd f.a |g uqyqfoa .s,S uefrkak jQfha wehs @

kla NslaIQka yd ksiqka ke.S tk kejla ys yefha u uqyqo ueo k;r h'
mlaId lf<a o lsis hdka;%sl fodaIhla fkd h' kuq;a kej bhg fkd
hkafka h' wjidkfha fuys ljqre fyda wjdikdjka;fhl=" ld,lKaKsfhl=
iskafka oe hs l=im;a weo ne,Sh' wjdikdjka; l=im; ,enqfKa kdlhdf.a
|g h' ;=kaj;djla u ld,lKaKs l=im; wehg ,enqKq neka kdlhd f.a
o leue;a; we;sj wef.a fn,af,a je,s l,hla t,a,d uqyqog ouqy' miqj kej
mK.kajdf.k f.dvug wdy' NslaIQyq fuys mQj luh ;:d.;hka
jykafiaf.ka uiQ y' f ldka;dj g fmr rEu;a ldka;djlaj ishd h' Bg
wd;au ;=klg fmr wef.a iajd mq;%hd ta ksjfia iqkLfhla h' wfyda iir
ye ! mQj fifkyi ksid weh hk hk ;ekg iqkLhd o hhs' .yQ wehg
f iqkLhd miafika tau .ek mo yod ys l<y' ,ecdjg m;ajQ weh
~ 28 ~
Free Distribution
iqkLhd f.a .uk j,lajkakg fkd yelsj je,s l,hla fn,af,a ne| fha
.s,ajd n,a,d ueh' f mka wmd .; fYaI lu f,i wd;auNdj 100la u
f., ne|s je,s l,hla we;sj u fha .s,S uefrkakg is jQ nj jod< fial'
tneka i;amqreIfhda wkqjKhka f.a kskaodjg h m l fldg uy;a lg
m;a fkd fjd !
Ôumo wGl:d 452 msg&
.sksf.k oejqkq lmqgd f.a l:dj

kla iej;a kqjr ksjila .sks f.k" .sks iys; ;DK yq,la wyig ke.S
mshdir lrk lmqfgl= f.a weg jeks' lmqgd bka fug wiu;aj .sksf.k
oe ue jegqfKa h' fuh gq NslaIq msila ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.ka fuys
mQj luh pd< y' f lmqgd fmr f.dfhlaj ish l=Uqr ue`vug is
f.dkd fndfyda lue,s neka fuhg lsmqKq f.dhd msre f.dvla f.k
.jhd msre j,ska fj,d msrej,ska hgfldg oafYfhka .sks ;enqf h' ta
wirK ;srsikd oe uf<a h' f ksia i;d l, ;sika luh fndfyda wmd
la f.k kafka h' wjfYaI lu f,i ;sikaj bmso f miajk j;djg o
fufia oe uf<a he hs jod< fial' tneka ksi;a nj ,enQ Tn fu n
;sika lu fldg lg m;a fkd fjd !
Ôumo wG l:d 452&
NslaIQka y;a kula .,a f,kl isr la |s l:dj

nqoaO oYkhg tk NslaIQka y;akula w;r u rd;%shl tla ydrhl .,a
f,kl kjd;eka f.k ish " .,la .e, ;a f,ka fodr jeiqfKA h' k
y;la t<shg wd fkd yelsj wdydr mdk o fkd ue;sj lg m;a jkakg h'
miqj t<shg ;a lsysm klska nqoaO oYkhg f.dia tys fufia ug mQj
luh l=ula oe hs Ydia;Dka jykafiaf.ka pd< y' tys f NslaIQka y;a ku
fmr f.dm orejka ish ;,f.dfhl+ ;=Uil isrlr ;enQ mka fufia
wd;auNdj ody;rla u wdydr mdk lsisjla fkdue;sj k 07 la .,a f,kl
isr la |s nj jod< fial'
Ôumo wG l:d 453 msg&
,o im;a mfNda. lsug jdikdjla ke;s wmqka;l isgq

ieje;a kqjr isgqjrfhla jQ fudyqg Yd, im;a;shla whs;sj ;snqfKa o lsis u
kl fyd| jia;h
% la fkd we| wekaf|a jerye,s h" m%KS; fNdackhla wkqNj
lsug" fyd| r:hl .uka lsug is;la my< fkd h' wka; wirK
<skafol= fuka jdih fldg lh lf<A h' fufia f isgdKkag ;u im;a
mjd mfNda. lsug is; fkd keuqfKa fmr fudyq isgqjrfhlaj ish
;.ris k mfianq rcqka oel ;u |g Wkajykafiag odkh fokak he hs
mjid ksjiska neyerj f.dia kej; tk w;r u mfianq ys uqK .eiS
ksjiska odkh ,enqfKA oe hs wika md;%hg t nef h' ;u | mQcd lr
~ 29 ~
Free Distribution
we;s m%KS; odkh oel uiqrelu ksid wi;=gq h' fudyq odkh fokak he hs
;u | fho jQ mskska fof,dj i;ajrla bmk w;r i;ajrla ukq f,dj
isgqjrfhla h' odkh miqj i;=gq fkd l<lsreKq neka" miq;ejqkq neka
jia;=j ,enqfKa o mfNda. lsf mskla fkd h' tneka fuh oek ;%sO
f;kdj u msis lrf.k l=i,a flfr;ajd !
îxhqla; ksldh - ;sh wmqka;l iq;a;&
mskg my< jQ Wla.ia o`vqj ka l:dj

f,daNS mqoa.,fhla hf.dia fm%a; f,dalfh ys Wmkafka h' fudyqf.a msklg
Wla jkhla o my< h' f fm%a;hd id msmdidfjka lS Wla o`vqjla lmd
wkqNj lr he hs Wla jkhg hhs' Wla jkhg .sh g tys we;s Wla o`vq
f;f u ke weU wjq;a f fm%a;hdg myr fokafka h' Tyq <dm lshka
jkafka h' kla t;ekska je ys kulg fudyq f.a ne.Em;a y`v jlKg
weiS lreKq uid ;;= oek fudyqg Wla o`vq lEug lmd .; yels l%uhla lSf
h' Wla o`vqj,g uqyqK fkd msgqmdf.k Wla o`vq .kak he hs lSf h' tys
tfia f.k id msmdid l ksjd .;af;a h' fufia ug fya;=j fmr wd;auhl
Wla o`vq ghla lr ;shdf.k Wla oKavla imka ud.fha hk g wirK
ksfila fuh oel Wla .ila b,a,ka miqmi wdf h' tg fldamfhka Wla
oKavla weo fkd n,d u Tyq foig is lf<a h' fufia kuq u ksid Wla
j;a;la ,enqfKa h' kuq;a uqyqK,d f.dia Wla o`vq .ekSug msk ke;ehs f
luh jod< fial'
^fm%a; j;a:q md<s - Wcq fm%a; j;a:qj&
ry;a jQ fo msksfjk ;=re l=i msfrkak wdydrhla fkd ,o f,dail ys

isukska cSj;a jQ l=vd orefjla iehq;a iajdka jykafia lreKdfjka me
l, w;r fudyq kka f,dail ys h' ta ysg lsis kl l=i msfrkakg
wdydrhla ,enqfKa ke;' ta yshka iu jefhd;a iehq;a yshkagj;a odkh
,efnkafka ke;' t;r wjdikdjka; jqj;a fmr msrE mdr ;snQ mska n,fhka
ry;a h' kuq;a odkh fnokak ksiqka f.fkk g md;%h ms odkh ;s fnk
fia fmkqk o odkh fnf o tajd h<S hhs' cSj;aug muKla iaj,amhla
b;s f' msksjkamdk ;=re l=i msfrkak wdydrhla fkd ,enqfKah' fuh
oek.;a iehq;a ysfhda msksfjk kfha m%KS; odkhla NslaIqjla wf;a
tjkakg fhKd' odkh f.kd NslaIqj th u j<|d th o fkd ,enqKs' fuh
oek.;a g iehq;a ysfhda ixf. p;=uOqr md;%hla f.k ;u wf;a ;sh
u f,dail ysg th j<okakg kafka h' fuk uq cS; ld,fha u l=i
msfrkak wdydrhla ,;a kh h' f ysf.a mQj luh nq kqjKska oel
fufia jodf<A h'
f f,dail ys ldYHm nq iiqfka mej fyd|ska is,a .=K mqrka Ndjkd
lf<a o ,dNdYdfjka ry;a ys kul f.a ismih je<l=f h' ;u odhlfhda
tu ry;a ysg ismifhka i,lk g leu;s fkd jqKs' ry;a ysg fokak he
~ 30 ~
Free Distribution
hs ka lsn;a md;%h o ;ry is;ska .sks w=frys ,d mqiaid oef h' f Is;
lufhka wmdfhys bmso wjqre ,laI .Kkla la kafoa h' wd;au mkaiShlau
ms<sfj,ska hlaIfhla bmks' ta cd;s mkaiSfhys u nvmqrd lEf tl u
ojil h" lEf o .eu< f.dvls' thska miq ;j;a wd;au mkaiShla u iqkLj
bmKs' ta cd;s mkaiSfhys u nv mqrd lEf tlu ojila h' tod o lEf
jukh l< n;a wiQhls' ukqf,dj o bmso fndfyda la |s w;r f wjika
wd;aufha o ms<sis|.;a k mgka uq m%foaYfha u lghq;= msyS .sfha h' ksiqka
ld,lKaKshd ljqoe hs fidhd f uj .ka o mkakd oeh' f;dfuda bkakg
;ekla" lkakg n;la" fndkakg hla" w|skakg j;la" hkakg ula fkd
jQfhka lska lg u m;a jQjd h' miqj fudyq f,djg ysfldg mhska wekak
yels fjk f;la yod ln,la mdf w;yer oeuQ w;r tod isg b,a ld
yefKa h' n,kak i;amqreIfhks" tla kl ry;a ys kul f.a ,dNhla
je<ela jQ mka nqoaOdka;rhla u la kafka h' tneka luhg h fj;ajd !
^cd;lG l:d - f,dail cd;lh 209 msg&
wjqre is oyila uyKo l, yskula kd.fhl= jQ l:d mqj;

ldYHm nq iiqfka me jQ fu;=ud wjqre 20000 la ukd is,aj;a me
cS;hla .; l, w;r kla .fa w=<l ke.S hkqfha tla ;ekl .ila ;s
tys fld<hla we,a,S fhka th le w;g wdfha h' fuys wej;la fkd jQj o
wej;la jqfka he hs" kh fkd o;a neka l=l=ia lf<a h' Bg ms<sh o fkd
lf<a h' wmj;a jk g fuh isysj uyd kd.rdcfhl= bmfKa h' ku
tarlm;a; jQ w;r wm nq iiqk jk ;=re nqoaOdka;rhla u f ;sika
wd;aufha isug jQfha fld<hla le thg ms<sh lr.kak ners fuka h'
bka f,dl= jrola lf<a k flfia ffrkak oe hs kqjKska is;kak'
Ôumo wG l:d - 566 msg&
orejka ke;s isgqjrfhl= f.a l:djla

tla cS;hl f isgq;=ud Okh flfrys ;DIaKdfjka ;u fidfydhqrd f.a
tlu mq;= urKhg m;a lf<A h' ta fya;=fjka Tyq ksrfhys je wjqre ,laI
.Kkla la kafoa h' ukqf,dj bmso ;.ris mfianq rcqkag oka ka msfkka
i;a jrla isgq ;k;=re ,e h' kuq ta lsisjrl Tyqg orejka fkd h' orejka
ke;sfhka jia;=j Tyq u< miq rdcika;l h' kej; fr!rj ksrfhys bmks'
fufia orejka ke;sug fya;=j Wla; lreK nj jod< fial'
îxhqla; ksldfha ;sh wmq;a;l iQ;%h&
rc.y kqjr iqmamnqoaO l=IaG frda.h

s d
kla fudyq nK wid fidajdka h' nK wid hk g w;r u w; je
fokla wek h.sh w;r fuh wikakg ,enqKq NslaIQka jykafia,d f nj
nqrcdKka jykafiag u;la l<y' Tyq Wmka ;ek o l=IaG frda.h iEug mQj
luh o pdf<a h' Tyq ;;sid fof,dj Wmka nj ;:d.;hka jykafia
jod< fial' tfiau fudyq fmr wd;au Njhl ;.ris k mfia nqka oel
~ 31 ~
Free Distribution
ldrd fl< .eiQ mka krlfha bmso la | fuf,dj frda.hlska ^l=IaG&

fmkq nj jod< fial' tneka fuh n,k i;a mqreIfhda mjg h fj;ajd'
fndardc l=udrhdg orejka ke;s fya;=j

fu;=ud fldalko k ud<s.djla lrjd tys m%fY ux.,Hhg nq mshdKka
jykafiag wdrdOkd lf<a h' Tyq ud<s.df m<uq t<sm;af;a mgka .gu
we;s,a,la t,d fufia is;=jd' ug orejka ,ef k nq mshdKka jykafia
fuh md.df.k jk fialajd lshd h' ;:d.;hka jykafia t;ekg jevu
lr th wdkkao ys ,jd wialrjd je fial' l=ure ta nj pd< l, Tyqg
ore im;a wys nj jod<d' Bg fya;=j tl cS;hl | yd ke ke.S hoa
kej uqyq n;a f fom< wi, m;lg f.dv h' tys fndfyda mlaISka yd
l=re ;a;r o ;s f.ug fjk l, hq;= hula ke;s neka f fom,
mlaIs ;a;r yd l=vd megjqka urdf.k wkqNj fldg cSj;a h' tu wl=i,
luh ksid ore im;a ke;s j| ksiqka jQy' tneka i;amqreIhks" f wkqj
;uka lrk lshk foa .ek o u|la is;d n,;ajd'
u,a,sld foah k y;la wmdhg hEug fya;=j

fu;=h ieje;a kqjr fldfid,a rcq f.a w.% ufyaIsldj f' weh fndfyda
ieoeye we;s w;r ks;r ks;r nK weiS" oka" is,a /lS" Ouh lg mdv
ls wd mskal l<d h' nq iiqfka tlajrla muKla ug yels wioDI uyd
odkh o ody;r fldahla ho fldg fok ,' kuq h hk g weh fmr
n,af,l= yd ixjdifh ys fhfuka l< mj isys wmd.; h' wmdfha bmk
o l< l=i,a fndfyda fyhska k y;la la | bka pq; ;=is; fof,dj bm
isk nj jod< fial'
frdaysKS l=uh f.a l=IaG frda.hg fya;=j

wkqreoaO ys f.a ke.Ksh jQ frdaysKS l=uh n,j;a l=IaG frda.hlska uy;a
lla |skakS h' miq ld,fha fu;=h wkqreoaO ysf.a Wmfoia m ;u
wdNrK , fldg fouy,a wiqka y,la fldg nqmdfudla uy i=kag mqod
ks;r mska l<d h' ta msfkka wef.a l=IaG frda.h iqj h' f l=IaG frda. hg
fya;=j ;:d.;hka jykafia fufia jod< fial' wE fmr nrKeia rcq f.a w.
fufyish ish wkH wka;#mqr ia;%shla flfrys fl%daOfhka li<shd m;a
f.kajd iqKq fldg wef.a ksok wef|a .d ;nd wef.a weg o oeuqjd h' tu
ia;%sh li<shd iqKq weg oeuQ l, ;ud ksok ldurh fj; j f.dia
hyfka fmr<sks' tyso oud ;snQ li<shd m;a ksid fokdj n,j;a jQjd h'
fufia fl%daO is;ska wkqkag l< m; ;ud fj; ;a fyd| fkd jk l=IAG
frda.hla iE iudchg uqyqK ug fkd yels ;;ajhlg m;a jQ nj jod<
fial'
Ôumo wGl:d 607 msg&
~ 32 ~
Free Distribution
l=Kavodk ys miq mi ldka;djla taug fya;=j

fuu f;reka uyK jQ od mgka ldka;d rEmhla f;reka miqmi tkq ,ef'
fuh f;reka fkd okakd w;r wkHhkag fmfkkakd y' f ldka;djla fia
miq mi hk rej olsk ksiqka o f;rekag fkd ukd nia lsh;s' fuh olakd
NslaIQka o iaiS, jdofhka nks;s' f;rekag tnkaola fkd fmfkk neka
f;reka o wka whg uqidjdka iaiS,hka he hs nks;s' miqj f;reka miqmi
ldka;djla fkd hk nj o lu n,fhka tjekakla fmfkk nj o fldfid,a
rcq fidhd .;af;a h' ;:d.;hka jykafia w;S; luh jod< fial' f ys
ldYHm nqka l, fofhl=j bmso iusj iQ fokula fNAo lf<a h' ta iu.s
foku jk g tl kulg leisls<s lsi lsug wjYH h' tneka le<Ejg
msisfha h' ta NslaIqj leisls<s lsi fldg tk l, f fohd ldka;d fjila
f.k froao yoka w;aj, je,s .id ouka flio |ska jgmsg n,ka
miqmi wdjd h' f gq wks;a NslaIqj YaYS, jdofhka fpdaokd lf<a h'
fofokd u nyskania fmdah lsug o reoaO jQ l, fohd ;a ;ud l< jro
lshd iudj .;af;a o fmr ;snQ ys;j;alu kej; fmr fia we;slr .; fkd
yels h' f fmr wd;auhl fohl=j ish l, mdm l%shd n,fhka
wfha bmso la | ful, o fufia luh m, ka nj jod< fial'
ûfkdar:mQrKS k wx.=;a;r ksldh wGl:d - 146 msgqj&
lms, u;aiHhd f.a l:dj

ieje;a kqjr wrj;S kfhka fljq<ka msilg rkajka u;aiHfhla oe,g wiq
h' Tjqyq ta rkajka u;aiHhd oel i;=gqj fldfid,a rcq fj; f.k .sh y'
rcq nq i fj; f.k .sfha h' f udjd rkajka mdg kuq uqLh jr l,
l,ays uyd .|la msg f' g fya;= pd< l, ;:d.;hka jykafia fufia
jod< fial' uyrc" f f;u ldYHm nq iiqfka mej wjqre 20000la
uyKo l< flfkls' tl, fudyq ;%smsglOd nyqY%e; Ou ll NslaIqjla
isfha h' ta mhdma;s Ouh ordf.k is neka u msjr o fndfyda h'
msjr ksid fndfyda ,dN i;aldr o ,efnkakg h' fyf;u nyqY%e;
udkfhka u;aj ,dN ;Kaydfjka uevqfKa w;s mKa; udkh neka wlem oE
lem f,i o lem oE wlem f,i o jer iys; oE ksjer f,i o ksjer oE
jer f,i o Ou kh jrojd lSh' tys ,cS fmai, NslaIQka Tyq yer oe h'
miqj fyf;u rdpdrfhys fhfoka ldYHm inq iiqfka mhdma;s Ouh
miqneia jQ neka" flf<iQ neka w uyd ksrfhys Wmkafka h' nq iiqfka
mej is fudyq f.a fidhqre fidaOk f;reka jykafia ry;a msrsksjqfKa h'
NslaIqkS idikfha mej is idkS k fudyq f.a uj yd ;dm:d k jQ nd,
ke.Ksh fudyq f.a oDIa f.k fmai, NslaIQkag wdfl%daI mNj fldg tu
ksrfhys WmkakS h' nqoaOdka;rhla u wfha meiS miqj wfhka ;sika
wd;auhla ,en u;aiHfhl= Wmkafka h' fmr fudyq ldYHm nq iiqfka Ou
foaYKd l< nq.=K lS msfkka rkajka h' NslaIQkag wdfl%daI mNj l< mka
uqka .| yukakg jQ nj jod< fial'
~ 33 ~
Free Distribution
uydld, Wmdil .= ld uere lEug fya;=j

fudyq nK wid fidajdka jQ Wmdil;=fuls' kla rd;%S nK weiSug forug
f.dia nK wid WoEik for fjfyr fmdl=Klska uqyqK fidaoka isfha
h' ? f.hla | jia;j
= meyer.;a fidreka" f.a yshka yq n|skd l,
uydld, Wmdil bfha nvq oud mek .shy' miqmi mkakd wd f.aa ysfhda ta
NdKav oel kqU f.j,a |ska nK wikafkl=fia yeisfrkq oe hs lshka
fyd|gu myr urd oeuQ y' NslaIQka fuh oel ksjer ksidg myr ld h
hdug u .ek lmd nq ig ie, l<y' ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.ka
fufia ug fya;=j jod< fial' fudyq fmr wd;auhl tla ia;%shla flfrys
fm%aufhka we,S weh yslr .ekSug" wef.a ksrmrdo jQ iajdhdg fndre jrola
muqKqjd ueref h' wl=i, luh u;= f fha fufia la | uefrkakg
jQfha he hs jod< fial'
Ôumo wG l:d -517 msg&
iir mqre bhg hk nj

kla nK weiSug mia fofkl= meKs w;r is fofkl= ukdj nK fkd
weiSh' ta msi w;r tla ;eke;af;la kslsrd jegqfKA h" tla ;eke;af;la
.il w;a;la fid,jka isfha h" tla ;eke;af;la u b w|ska isfha h"
tla ;eke;af;la wyi foi n,d isfha h" tla ;eke;af;la ukdj nK weiS
h' wdkkao ys wr is fokd nK fkd wikafka ukaoe hs weiQ l, ;:d.;hka
jykafia fufia jod< fial' wdkkaofhks ! ys| f.k ksod is ;eke;a;d
500la cd;sfhys imfhlaj Wmkafkls' b w|ska is ;eke;a;d 500la
cd;sfhys .e`v,aj Wmkafkls' w;a;la fid<jka is ;eke;a;d 500la
cd;sfhys jrj Wmkafkls' wyi foi n,ka is ;eke;a;d 500la cd;sfhys
kele;a n,kafkls' ukdj nK wika is ;e;e;a;d 500la cd;sfhys
n%dyauKj Wmkafkls' tl, Tjqkaf.a iir mej;s mqreoaog wkqj Tjqka oekq;a
fufia lr;s he hs jod< fial'
fufiau ms<skaosjp uy ry;ka jykafia ji<hd hehs lshd ksiqkag l:d
lr;s' Bg fya;=j o 500la cd;Ska ys n%dyauKj bmso isu h' ;j o ry;a ys
kula uy uv jf<ka mekf.dia l=vd uv jf<ka nei hdug fya;=j o
Wkajykafia fmr wdikak wd;au .Kkdjla u jrej bm we;s neks'
fufiau wlSlre u" ia;%Ska /ju" fudav ls%hd ls" l<.=K ie<lS"
kqjKska lghq;= ls wd fndfyda .=Kd.=K iir mqre f,i bhg tk nj
cd;l wG l:djg wkqj fmfka' fndfyda l:dj, uyfKks oeka muKla
fkdj fudyq fmr;a fufia lf<a h hkd f,i olajd we;' ta wkqj mqre
bhg hk nj jgyd f.k l=i, l%shdj,u ksr; fj;ajd'
~ 34 ~
Free Distribution
mkiamia jila wiQ ld cSj;a jQ ksfila

fudyq kka cnql wdcSjlhd h' fudyq oek f;afrk jhfia isg wdydr f,i
wkqNj lrkqfha wiQ h' fjk lsisjla fkdl hs' f ksid foumsfhda
wdcSjlhkag Ndr ks' tys wdcSjlfhda ;,a weghla f.k fudyqf.a flia tl
tl W=,d oud fudyq uyK lf<a h' fudyq oek f;afrk fha mgka
ksjia;%j is;s' jia;% fkd w|s;s" we|l fkd ie;fm;s" u u kso;s' kla
iq.;hka jykafia fudyq isk ;ekg jev tys tla ;ekl kjd;eka f.k
fudyq oukh l< fial' tys Tyqg fufia ug l< mQj luh o jod< fial'
fmr fudyq ldYHm nq iiqfka mej ish odhlhka flfrys fndfydu
l=m.j iS h' wd.ka;l
= j je ry;a kulg odhlhka meye oka isjqrlg
ijla o mqod miqj flia /jq,a nEug lrKjEfhla yd ksokakg we|la o ,nd
ks' fkajdisl NslaIqj fuhg ys; ojdf.k wd.ka;=lj je ry;a ysg neK
jefKa h' weje;aks wd.ka;=lh" kqUg iqiq flf<hd f.a n; fkdj wiQ
lEugh" lrKjEhd ,jd flia /jq,a nEu fkdj ;,a weghla f.k flia
/jq,a .,jd oeu h" odhlhka ka fr we|Sug jvd k.akj we|Su jkafka
h" wef|ys ksug jvd u ys|Su l, hq;= f hkd f,i .yd lf<a h'
ry;ka jykafia fudyq ;uka ksid m lr.kakd neka fkd lshd u je
fial'
tod f lr.;a wl=i,h ksid ue w uy ksrfhys bmso" wm nqoaO Ydik
ld,h jk;=re nqoaOdka;rhla u tys uy;a la kafoa h' thska pq;j oeka f
ksiaj bmso mkiamia jirla wiQ ld" cSj;a ug is jQjd he hs ;:d.;hka
jykafia jod< fial' Tyq fmr cS;fha ry;ka jykafiag l< wdfl%daI y;ru
fudyqg mdl fok ,' miqj f cnql wdcSjlhd nK wid isms<sishd,dNS
uy ry;ka jykafia kula h'
n,kak mskaj;=ks" wjqre 20000la msrE Y%uK Oufhys l=i,hgj;a Tyq l<
wl=i,h hg lr.kak ners h' wmdfha bmso la |" wiQ ld k.akj cSj;a
jkafkl= h' miqj wjqre 20000la ;=< mej msrE mdr u;= ry;a nj o
,nd kakd' f ksid lu n,h ukdj f;aref.k l,amkdldj cSj;aug
fm<fU;ajd !
,l=KG
a l Noah ys bmug fya;=j
fuu yshka ry;ka jykafia kuls' kuq fndfyda neka fndfyda fkd
yslauqKka f.a fl<s ljgl iup,a ls wdhg ,la jQy' ;:d.;hka
jykafia kla f ys bmug fya;=j jod< fial' fmr ldYHm nq
iiqfka uy;a Ok m;Hd.hla fldg fndfyda fokd tl;=j lrkak .sh
ffp;Hh mskalu" fu;=ud uey;aj mskalu l=vdjg lr h' fhdka y;lg
yokak iQodk jQ ffp;Hh fhdklg lsug fhdackd lf<a h'
~ 35 ~
Free Distribution
ta fya;=fjka fufia n,kakg wm%ikak f,i kskaodjg iqiq fia bmkq

nj jod< fial' tneka i;amqreIfhks" wkqkaf.a mskal nd, fkd lr;ajd'
^wmodk md<sh 541 jk wmodkh&
uq.,ka ys fidrekaf.ka uere lEug fya;=j

uq.,ka iajdka jykafia wm nq iiqfkys iDoa ,dNSka w;r w.% jQ Y%djlhka
jykafia f' kuq ;S:lhka f.a w,a,ia u ksid fidreka iska ld,is,d
mj;fha foayh yd,a weg .Kkg l=vq l<y' fufia fidrekaf.ka myr ld
kdY ug fya;=j fmr tla cS;hl | f.a fla<d wid ;u ksrmrdo
foumshka le,hg f.k f.dia myr urd oeuQ mdm l%shdj nj jod< fial'
îqoa ck ,dikS k wmodkG l:d 207 msg&
iSj,s uy ry;ka jykafia fndfyda ld,hla ul=i la |s luh

f ysg wjqre y;l=;a udi y;la k y;l=;a u l=i ysr la |Sug
ish' u;=h jQ iqmamdjdidjg o fu;r ld,hla ore l=i ord isug is
h' wjidkfha k y;la ore .en yria uy;a lgql la |Sug is h'
fuhg fya;=j iq.;hka jykafia jod< fial' iSj,S ysfhda fmr rcl=j ish
l=vd rdcHhla w,a,d .ekSug hqoaO lf<a h' kuq ta l=vd rg w,a,d .ekSug
fkd yels h' tg rgg wdydr mdk tk ud. ish,a, jid wjqreoaol=;a i;a
uila /lj,a od isfha h' kuq rg w,a,d .; fkd yels jQ w;r uj f.a
Wmfoia m ta kqjrg wdydr imhk tlu Wu. o jid oeh' miqj rg
jeishka hg;a h' tod n,h md lrka j, rglg ka la fya;=fjka
fuod fufia la |Sug jQ nj o uj ka Wmfoia fya;=fjka ujg o ta luh
wd nj jod< fial' tneka i;amqreIfhda n,h fkd ug fkd fhdo;ajd'
^wd>d; rEm cd;lh&
iqf,dau hlaIhd jQ NslaIQj

nqrcqka cSjudk ld,fhys .hd m%foaYfh ys iqf,dau k llY jQ blgq n
f,dau.ia we;s hlaIfhla h' kla ;:d.;hka jykafia Tyqf.a Njkg jev
Tyq oukh fldg fidajdka M,fhys msysg jQ fial' fmr msrE mdr we;s fudyq
fuf,i blgq n f,d we;s hlaIfhla ug fya;=j fufia jod< fial'
fudyq ldYHm inq iiqfkys NslaIqjlaj ish kla .= ud.hl meK"
fndfyda oyh od ;sh we msis lr fkd f.k we|g ;u we;s,a,la o
fkd f.k idx>sl we;s,a, u; wkdorj we, h'
jir is oyila me o msrej;a f jro u;= oyh tk frdau l+m blgq
n jQ hlaIfhla bmks' ta fha o iir msrE mdr we;s neka u.M,
ksjka iqjh ,enQ fial' f i|yka lf<A idr;a:mamldiskS k ixhqla;
ksldhG l:df 233 msgqj wkqj h' kuq;a iq;a; ksmd;G l:df 271 msgqf
~ 36 ~
Free Distribution
fudyq fmr Wmdilfhl=j ish nK weiSug f.dia i i;= we;s,s ls<s

l< mka by; wd;auh ,enQ nj fmkajd we;'
Lrf,dau hlaIhd jQ Wmdil;=ud

fudyq iqf,dau hl= f.a ;% hlaIfhls' fudyqf.a Yrh w;sYhska u llY
fiau Iu o f' tfia ug fya;=j fyf;u ldYHm nq iiqfka Wmdil
uyf;l= ish ydrfhys is;=re f,i idx>sl we;s,s u w;=rd ;snQ
w;r tys ;ud f.a W;=re ij t,d fkd f.k jd h' tfia u i i;= f;,a
iys; w;ska ;u isrer o msukak he hs lSf h' tfia i i;= f;,a o
mfNda. l< neka fufia llY jQ Yrhla we;s hlaI wd;auhla ,enQ nj
jod< fial' fuys i|yka lf,aa ixhqla; ksldhG l:dfj ys iqf,dau iQ;%
jKkdj wkqj h' mru;a: fcda;sld k iq;a;ksmd;G l:djg wkqj i
i;= f;,a fkd pdrdf.k ;udf.A wefa .d.;a mka fufia jQ nj lshd we;'
W;a;r k idufKAr jykafia W, ;eug fya;=j

o fifk iehq;a uy ry;ka jykafia f.a YsIH kula jQ Wkajykafia kla
iehq;a uy ry;ka jykafia f,v Bg fnfy;la fiu i|yd jefha h'
u h l;a;la oel uqj fodajkh lroa . orejka iska yq n|skd
fydre msila" uqo,a fmdhla md;%hg oud .sfha h' . orejka md;%fha ;snQ
uqo,a fmdh oel idufKarhka jykafiag myr jiaildr nuqKdg fmkajd
Tyq wK m W, ;shkakg kshu h' jiaildr nuqKd f.a j fmr jdy
lr.kak lshoa jdy lr fkd .;a neka o fufia fkd uid W, ;eug
kshu l< nj o; hq;= h'
Is; kS;sfhka W, ;nk ,o uqka jykafia iehq;a ysg fnfy; flfia f.k
hkqfha oe hs is;Sh' fuh kqjKska gq iehq;a uy ry;ka jykafia iq.;hka
jykafiag fuh okajd msi yd t;kg je fial' tys fufia mdlug l<
w;S; luh jod< w;r W;a;r ysfhda foiqu fl<jr ry;a h' fmr uqka
jykafia l=vd <ufhl=j ish fldfydU l+rla f.k ueiafil= W, ;enQ
luh yd ;u uEKshkag fmr tl cS;hl ;ry f.k Tn ojila W,
;ndjd hehs l< Ydmh o hk f lu fol fya;=fjka mkaish jdrhla fufia
fldfydU W,a Wv kla uq,af, ys ;nk ,o nj jod< fial'
îoaOud,xldrh 197 msg&
moaudj;S foah f.a ;nk mshjrla mdid u,a msfmk msk ke;sug fya;=j
fu;=h fmr ldYHm nq iiqkg;a wm nq iiqkg;a w;r ld,h ;= , tla
cS;hl lsgjc f.a j Wkaudoka;s k odishla h' kla l=Uqfrys
l=re,a,ka t<jka ish mfianq flfkla oel meye <| yd fk u,la
mqod me;=ula l<d h' f <| .Kkg orejka ,efnkak;a ta wh mfianqka
jykafia wjfndaO lr.;a Ouh wjfndaO lr.kafkda fjkak;a" u;= ;ud ish
ia;%Skag jvd rEu;shla bmfokak;a me;=jd h' fk u, ms msfkka ;nk
~ 37 ~
Free Distribution
mshjrla mdid fk u,a msfmajdhs o me;=ula l<d h' miqj mfia nqka joa
mfia nqkag fk u,ska ljr m%fhdackhla weoaoe hs is;d jf.dia kej;
fk u, b,a,d .;a;S h'
miqj kej;;a is;kakS" mfia nqka fk u, wkjYH k f.k fkd hkq
we;" ta f.k .sfha m%fhdack we;s neke hs is;d kej; jf.dia ta u,
iudj .kakd ,' fu;=h l< me;= ish,a, moaudj;sh kka Wmka cS;fha
M, ka w;r rdc ufyaIsldjla o jQjd h' weh ;nk mshjrla mdid fk u,a
o msmqfKa h' miq lf,l weh rcqg tmd hejQ w;r ;nk mshjrla mdid
fk msfmk nj o ke;s h' fufia ug fya;=j tod ta fk u, mqod
kej; .;a neka nj o; hq;= h' miq lf,l kej; wE rc fufyish jQ w;r
fmr ;snQ biqreu;a h kej; ,enqjd h' Bg fya;=j .;a fk u, kej; ms
neka hehs o o; hq;= h'
kSf.%daO idufKarhka jykafia pKavd, .ul wkd:j bmug fya;=j

fmr tla hl oUj OudfYdal rcq o ,xldf fojkmE;sia rcq o kSf.%daO
idufKarhka jykafia o meKs l=Kd f.jk mjq,l bmkq w;r tys
mfianq flfkla .s,kaj isk fyhska" ta i|yd mfianq flfkl= meKs
fidhd f.k je fial' nd, fidfydhqrd meKs l,hla f.k md;%h W;=rd
hk ;r mqod oUj wrdcH lsug me;=f h' fidhqrka ;sfokd yjqf,a lrk
fj<odula neka je uy fidhqrd fuh wid ysi uqvq l< iefvd,ka o we;"
tneka fudyq meKs l,h pKavd,fhl=g fokakg we;ehs .yd lf<a h'
f odkh .ek oek.;a fojeks whshd lSf" kqf Th mfianqka wmg wjYH
ke;' uqyqka tf;r oud msh he hs lS h' miqj Tyq nd, fidfydhqrd f.a
mfianq .=K jKkdj wid msk o wkqfudaoka h' kuq uq, fodia ke.s
neka tys mdl fufia h'
Y%oaOdfjka meKs mqod oUj wrdcHhd ug me;+ nd, fidhqrd ta ms fkka
OudfYdal wrdcHhd h' mfia nqkag ke;s ;ek kuq pKAvd, jdofhka
nekak jeuy,a fidhqrd tl, iefvd,a .ula ueo kq. .ila uq, wkd:j bmso
miqj mej kSf.%daO uy ry;ka jykafia h' kqf mfia nqka uy uqyqka
tf;rg ouj he hs lS fojk whshd bkah uqyqka fjka jQ ,xld ;,fha
fojk mE;sia rcq h' tneka i;a mqreIhks" ;ud lrk lshk foa fndfyda
l,amkd fldg u lr lsh;ajd'
ûydjxYh isxy, 21 msg&
iajK;s,ld l=uh iefvd,a l=,hl bmug fya;=j

fu;=h kla uj iu ,xldf wNh.s ffp;Hh je|Sug f.dia u,a wiqk
wmsis neka th msis lsug meka f.k taug uj .sh jdrfha" fu;=h ta
wmsis u,a wdikfha kuq is; myojdf.k f.kd ish u,a mqod" gq gq
mqreIhka ji lrjk rEm im;a;shla me;=jd h' u;=h h f.k;a n,k
~ 38 ~
Free Distribution
l, wmsis u,a wiqfka u u,a mqod we;s nj oel ;u jg iefvd,a fl,a,

he hs lshd l< jrog fodia ke.S h' weh o ;u ujg lsmS pKavd, fl,a, k
Tnu hs lshd o lSjd h' miq lf,l f j oUj urd kqjr Kd jdokh
lrk iefvd,a l=,hl Wmka w;r gq gq mqreIhka ji lrk rEm
im;a;shla o ,enqjd h'
weh ,nd.kakg fkd yels jQ rc orejka miafofkla ish kid .;a y'
wjidkfha wehg o rEm im;a;sh ksidu uefrkakg jQjd h' tneka ;u
umshkag fkd neKsh hq;= w;r lrk me;= o fuf,i ;ukag;a wkqkag;a
la fok me;= fkd h hq;= h'
îoaOud,xldrh - 363 msg&
le<Ks f;reka jykafia llshk f;,a lgdrulg oud urkak fya;=j

f f;reka jykafia le<Ks fjfyfr ys iQ w;r ful, le<Ks;siai rcq f.a
ij yd W;a;sh k hqjrc w;r fkd ukd inkaOhla ;snqKs' fuh oek.;a
rcq Tyq urkak fidhoa mekf.dia ie isg ;reKfhl= o ys;j;a lrf.k"
Tyqg isjqre fmdrjd rc foahg yiqka m;la fokak he hs tjk ,' f
fydr meoaod le<Ks f;reka joa miqmi f.dia oka j<|d tk .uka foahg
.kak fmfkk fia ta yiqkam; fy<S h' tg th gq rcq th f.k lshjd lsmS"
fuh le<Ksf;reka ,shd fmdku w; ijg fok ,oaola he hs is;d" f;reka
f;,a lgdrfu ys ,d .sks .id urjkak ksfhda. lf<A h'
f;reka jykafia ry;a neka tys noaO mhxlfhka isg fufia ug fya;= jQ
wl=i,h ne fial' f;reka tl wd;auhl f.dm orefjl=j ish ls WKq
lrk g ueiafil= w,a,d oud lldrd uerE wl=i,h nj oel" fuh keje;ah
fkd yels luhle hs oek tys u msksjqK fial' fuhska fohka lsmSfuka
uqyqo f.dv .,k ,' miqj rcq iska ;u j o uqyqog <s ks' kuq weh
ydruyd foah kka reyqKg f.dv neiaid h' mskaj;=ks ! ueiafil= uerE
luh fu;r nrm;, k fjk if;l= uerejfyd;a flfia mdl foa oe hs
is;sh hq;= h'
îoaOud,xldrh - 446 msg&
id,sh l=ure f.a wdorjka;sh wfYdalud,d iefvd,a l=,hl bmfka weh s @

gq.euqKq rcq f.a mq;a id,sh l=ure ks;r u odkuh mqKH lu lsug is;
keuqkq flfkls' kuq jdy lr .;af;a w;sYhska u m%shlre rEimqjlska hq;a
iQiegla ia;%S ,laIKhkaf.ka fy wfYdalud,d k iefvd,a l=uhla f'
id,sh l=ure wehg ne|s fmu ksid rc iem o w; yefha h' u;= ffu;%S nq
iiqfka ffu;%S nq rcqkaf.a n%yaujOk k tlu mq;%hd bmfokafka o f
id,sh l=ure h' fu;=udf.a | iefvd,a l=,hl bmug fya;=j k weh fmr
f ,laj iqukd kka bmso ;reKshlj ish " kla b,a bysrjd wdydr
f.k we;s nj gq wef.a u;=h wehg iefvd,a fl,a, f;da l=ula ksid f
wmsis lrkafka oe hs fodia ke.+ g tys iqukdfjda uj flfrys lsmS
~ 39 ~
Free Distribution
pKavd, fl,a, k ud fkdj uEKshka u he hs lS neks' fuys mdl

jYfhka weh f cS;fha iefvd,a l=,hl bmk nj Oufha olajd we;'
odil ys odishl f.a l=i bmug fya;=j

f iajdka jykafia wfkams`vq isgq;=ud f.a f.or ne,fufyjr lrk odishl
f.a l=i bmug fya;=j h' fmr fu;=ud ldYHm nq iiqfka tla uy ry;ka
jykafia kulg Wmia:dk l< w;r kla hlsis iq jevla f;reka ,jd
flfrf h' îajdks" T;k ;shk fmd; wrka fokak lshd lshkak jf.a&
ta lr.;a wl=i, lu n,fhka wm nq iiqk ld,fha odishl l=i Wmka nj
olajd we;' tneka meoaoka Nckh lsu fndfydu m%fYka l< hq;= jevla
nj o; hq;= h'
^mru;a: mkS k f:ar .d:dG l:d 69 msg&
wVldish f.a YsIg

a rEmim;a ,eug yd .Ksldjla ug fya;=j
fu;=h rc.y kqjr wNsrEmu;a ldka;djla jQjd h' wehf.a YsIaG rEm
fidaNdj ksidu weh ish rc orejkag mfNda.hg .ekSug .Ksldjla fldg
;nk ,' weh fufia fnfyka u mrdk jQ cS; jD;a;shl ksh<Sug fya;=j
fufia o; hq;= h' fu;=h fmr ldYHm nq iiqfka mej ukdj nUir
wdrlaId l, w;r tla kla ry;a NslaIqKshlg .Ksldj hehs wdfl%daI l<
mka ksrfhys meiS miqj fu l," fufia mrdk my;a cS;hla ,enqjd h'
ldYHm iiqfka nUir /ls msfkka YsIaG rem im;a;shla ,enqjd h' miqj
f;ak Wmimodj o ,nd iiqfka mej ry;a jQjd h'
^wmodk md<sfhys wVldis f:ars wmodkh&
id;d.sr fyauj; keu;s hlaIhka jQ ;%smsglOd NslaIQka foku

ldYHm nq iiqfka fndfyda u ;% l=, mq;%hka fofofkl= me h'
fofokdu ;reK ld,fhys u me jQ neka .%ka:OQrh yeoE h' m%lD;sfhkau
m%{djka; jQ f foku fkdfnda l,lskau ;%smsglOd jHla; nyqY%e; NslaIQka
fokula h' tfiau kh ksYApfha o w;s olaI jQy' tl tl kug mkaish
.Kfka oyila msjr NslaIQka o jQy' tkuq wjdikdjl uysuh k wOujd
iaiS, NslaIQka f.a ,dN i;aldr yuqf ysi kukakg h'
kla iiqfkka bj;a ug iqiq iaiS, NslaIqjlg fpdaokdjla t,a, th
ksYaph lsf ,dN i;aldr j,g .scq Ou kh Ydia;D Ydikh jid"
nq iiqk fkd /l mqoa.,hska rlska" w.;s.dj kh frdaj ta m%Yakh
ksYaph l<y' ta fya;=fjka YaYS, NslaIQj wdrlaId h' is,aj;a NslaIqj y`vka
mrdkj hkakg h' tod ta ,dN i;aldrhkag .scq f l< wOu l%shdj
ksid ta uy f;reka foku we;= Bg mlaI jQ msjr odyla fokd hlaIhska jQy'
jeys NslaIqj fyauj; k hlaIhd o wksla uyf;reka id;d.sr k
hlaIhd o h' f whg fmr mej ish Wjgeka l< odhl mskaj;=ka
fof,dj bmK w;r f hlaIhka tu lreK oel uy;a ,ecdjg m;ah'
~ 40 ~
Free Distribution
f uy fmdf<dj tl fhdkl=;a . ;=kla jefvk ;=re;a wm nq iiqk olajd

o ta hlaI wd;aufhka ;ju;a w;a fokak fkd yels h' kla ;:d.; Ouh
Y%jKh fldg fmr msrE mdr we;s neka f kdhl hlaIhka m%Odk msjr
oyi fidajdka njg m;a h' kuq;a wog;a hlaI fhdaksfhys u h' tneka
nqoau;a i;amqreIfhda kh ksYaphl mqoa.,hska fkd /l inq iiqk u
rls;ajd'
^mru;a: fcda;sld kdu iq;a; ksmd;G l:d- fyauj; iq;a; jKakKd 148 msg&
uqka o msgjk rEu;sh

fu;=h ldYHm uy ry;ka jykafia f.a mqrdK ;sldj jQ N ldms,dksh f'
f mYau fha fkdj fmr tla cS;hl wehg mdl ka luhla fmkajd
we;' fu;=h ;reKshlaj" jdy ish iajd mqreIhdg fjkafldg ;nk
,o wdydr fldgi ksjig je mfia nqka jykafia kulg iajd mq;%hd f.a
ke.Ksh iska mQcd lrkakg fhkd' iajd mq;h
% d thg i;=gq fkd f hehs
is;d" Tyq flfrys we;s n,j;a wdorh ksid mfianq ysf.a md;%fhka ta oka
fldgi kej; f.k ;u iajdhdg ms<s.ekah'
tys Tyq ta ok kej; mfianq yshkag ms fyhska fuhg ;ry.;a fu;=h
mfianq ys f.a md;%fh ys ;snQ odkh isfldg md;%hg uv mqrjd kakd h'
iajdhd f.a ke.Ksh odk md;%h fok g o" ;ud f uv msrjQ md;%h fok
go" ta mfianq ys f.a uqyqfKa fjkila fkd jqKq neka fuh gq weh lmd
iudjf.k md;%h kej; iqj| fhka fidaojd b;d hqre odkhla mQcd l<d
h' kuq l< lu mdl f,i miq Njhl t;=h f.a uqka o jykh
jkakg jQ nj Oufhys i|yka f'
iqmamsh ry;ka jykafia my;a l=,hl bmug fya;=j

f iajdka jykafia fmr ldYHm nq iiqfk ys meos nyqY%e; NslaIqjla h'
s , rc l=,hl Wmkafkla o f' tneka cd;s u|fhka yd iq;
tfiau .syl
u|fhka u;aj ;ud Wiia fldg wkqka my;afldg is;ka lghq;= l< w;r ta
wl=i, n,fhka ieje;a kqjr kS ojk lk;a;j,a n,d .kakd l=,fhys
bmkq w;r iqmamsh he hs k ;nk ,' ;u ;% fidamdl ysf.ka nK wid
mej oiqka jvd miq lf,l ry;a jQfha h'
^mru;a: mks k f:ar.d:G l:d 92 msg&
i;s .=;;
a ys f.a Yrh l=Kq je.sfrkakg fya;=j
f iajdka jykafia fmr mfianq flfkl=g f uqvq Y%uKhd we l=Kq
we;s neka we jid fmdrjd hkafk he hs lshd fodaIdfrdamKh lsu
fya;=fjka fndfyda l,a ksrfhys meiS ldYHm nqoaO ld,fha msjecsfhla
ish is,aj;a Wmdil uyf;l=g kqU l=IaG frda.sfhl= jkafk ys h lshd
wdfl%daI lf<a h' kdk f;dgqmf, ys ;nk ,o iqkq inka wdh o kdY lr
~ 41 ~
Free Distribution
ouk ,' tys mdl f,i ksrfhys meiS la | ukqf,dj bmso nq iiqfka
me ish uyd l=IAG frda.hla je<|S we l=Kq hfjka je.sfrkakg
.;ay'
.s,ka NslaIQkaf.a iqjla ne,Sug .sh iehq;a uyry;ka jykafia f NslaIqj
oel hdj;d LkaOmamj;a;s kdu inx laL fj fokd laLkafiq mk
wikaf;aiq fhaj k;a laLx weje;aks h;dla ialkaOhka f.a meje;au f o"
ta ;dla f ialkaOfhda ish,a,u la u h" h gl fokd ialkaOhka ys
fkd meje;au jQfha o tys l o ke;af;a he hs fokd oYkd lugyk jodrd
je w;r Wkajykafia ta lugyk jvd ry;a h'
^f:ar.d:G l:d 175 msg&
wdkkao iajdka jykafia fmr cd;shl ldka;djla bmug fya;=j

wm nq iiqfkys i;suka;" .;suka;" ;suka;" nyqY%e;" w.% Wmia:dhl
wdkkao iajdka jykafia o fmr tla cS;hl Okj;a rkalrefjla j ish
mrodr fiajkfha fh fndfyda la mdl kafoa h' tod rkalre ld,fha l<d
jQ mdm luh whg .sks fuka wjldYhla fkd ,nd l=i, luhl mdl
jYfhka isgq mq;%fhla j Wmkafka h' tys l,HdK ;% weiqr we;sj fndfyda
l=i, lu lf<a h'
kuq fmr rkalre ld,fha l<d jQ mrodr luh whg .sks fuka u;= thska
pq;j fr!rj uyd krlfha fndfyda ld,hla meiqfKA h' fndfyda la | thska
pq;j mrodr lufha mdl jYfhka uy;a n, imkak ^.e,aj,& hdkdj,
fhdokakd jQ Wrk ,o c we;s tfjla Wmkafka h' thska o ue f.dia
jkfha jre fhdaksfh ys bmso Wrk ,o M, we;af;a la kafoa h' bka ue
f.dia oika; rg uy;a n,j;a jQ f.dfkla fcdaoaOdrKh fldg ^fokqka
.e .ekaf Yla;sh ke;sfldg& .e,a wka mrodr lufha mdl | tu
mrodr luh fya;=fjka kej;;a bka pq;j jeoE rg ia;%shla o mqreIfhla o
fkdjQ kmqxilfhlaj Wmkafka h' miqj ue f.dia ;;sid fof,dj
fojkla Wmkakd h'
fufia kej; ;=ka j;djla u ila fof.a mdo pdldjla o kej; fojrla
u cjk k fo mq;=g w. fufyish o bkaa pq; wx.d;s rcq f.a w.
fufyish f.a l=i ms<sis|f.k rEcd k rdc lkHdjla ta wd;aufhka w;
;;sid fof,dj uy;a wdkqNdj imkak jH mq;%fhlaj Wmkafka h'
fufia mdr mqrkakd jQ uy;a mqKHjka;hkag mjd iir mrodr fiajkh
fya;=fjka uy;a la mdl |skakg is h' tneka iir iem leu;s i;a
mqreIhska iska mr mqreI" mr ia;%S fiajkfhka ;u cS; wdrlaId lr .ks;j
a d'
^kdro ldYHm cd;lh&
i;aj >d;kfha wdkj

tla ld,hl idmdfudla were;=fula u;l n;la fokafk he hs tfjl=
ueug iqodk " w; jeishd yg tjd kyjd fn,a,g ud,hla m<|jd Yrh
~ 42 ~
Free Distribution
w,xldr fldg f.k tk f,i oeka h' tjd kyjd ;enQ g tjdg fmr
bmso is wdldrh ne,sh yels cd;siaurK {dKhla my< h' miqj tjd
tljr u iskdiS kej; we~q y' fuh gq YsIHhdg tjd yd l:d lsug o;a
neka Tyq fuh tjdf.ka weiQ l, wdpdka jykafia bmsg ish,a, mejiS
h'
;ud fmr fufia u Ydjkag m%Odk .=re W;=fulaj ish u;l n;la ug
tla tfjl= urd tlla wvq mkaish j;djla wd;au j, ysi is|,Sug ,la jQ
nj o" fuh wjika jdrh nj oel iskdiqk nj o mejiQ y' w~kak fya;=j k
oeka ;ud ueu ksid fuf;la .= l,la ;udg la |Sug is jQ f,i nuqKdg
o isjk nj l,amkdjg wd fya;+fjks' miqj were;=ud tjd fkd ueref
kuq fyK myrla .,a ;,djlg je .,a m;=rla .e, ;a tjd f.a
fn,af,a je ysi fjkaj tjd uereKq nj oelaf' tneka i;aj >d;kfhka
je<fl;ajd'
^cd;l wGld:df u;l .;a; cd;lh 149 msg&
cl k odihd f.a mQj luh

cd;l wGl:df kdro ldYHm cd;lfha tk wx.d;s k rcqf.a rEcd k
hKshg w;S; cd;s y;la o wkd.;h ms<sn| cd;s y;la o oelsh yels f' f
rEcd k rc j bmso isfha l,am ,laIhla mdr mqrdf.k tk wdkkao
ys f' fu;=hf.a ta w;S; Njh ms<sn|j ne,sh yels {dKfhka fuu cl
k odihd odifhl= ug fya;=j mQjfha l< mdmluh nj oel n,d lSjd
h' f odihd fmr cS;hl NslaIQka jykafia kulg wdfl%daY mNj l<
mka nj oel n,d lshk ,' tod ta cl k odihd bmso isfha uq.,ka
uy ry;ka jyfia nj o; hq;= h'
idu l=uref.a umsh fom, f.a weia wkaO ug fya;=j

l=, l=udrfhda yd mdld l=udh fmr ffjoH jD;a;sfh ys ksr; ish
oEia fkd fmfkk ksil= f.a weia fnfy;afldg iqj l<y' miqj weia iqj
l< o .si .;a uqo,a fkd ka neka fuh ffjoH;=ud wUqjg lS g" l=,S fkd
fokafka k weia wkaO lrj he hs wE mejiSh' wUqjf.a ni ms<sf.k weia
wkaOjk fia fnfy;a .,ajd fmkqk oEia kej; wkaO lf<a h' ta wl=i,
n,fhka fuys fofokdf.a u oEia wkaO jQy' ldYHm ys yd Nldms,dks hk
f fofokd fmr f idu l=uref.a ud mshka oEia wkaO jQ nj o; hq;= h'
îdu cd;lh&
uyd mske;s mqKaKd l=uh odishl ug fya;=j

fu;=h ieje;a kqjr j;=r wk odis f.orl bmK w;r mqKaKd hk ku
wehg ys jQjd h' fmr f;dfuda miaiS" is" fjiaiN+" ll=i|" fldaKd.uk"
ldYHm hk iEu nq iiqkl u meosj is,aj;a" .=Kj;a" nyqY%e;" m%shYS,s" Ou
ll fufyKla f,i jdih l<d h' fndfyda Ou ll neka ckhd w;r
~ 43 ~
Free Distribution
m%isoaO jQjd h' ;u nyqY%e;Ndjh fya;=fjka tl m%shYS,s fufyKla my;afldg

is;+ mka wd;au .Kkla odishla Wmkakd h'
f fha o tfia luh mdl ka kuq fmr uyK o msrE mskska ry;a njg
m;a jQjd h' udkh hkq my;a laf,aYhls' udfkda ulalfgda w;s udfkda
l=lal=frda hehs nq rcdKka jykafia jodrd we;s m udkh fya;=fjka jrka
f' wlj Wvq= u" wyxldr u fya;=fjka iqkLhkaj bmfoa" ukqf,dj
ksil= bmk o my;a l=,hlu bmfoa'
^wmodk md,sfha mqKaKd f:A wmodkh&
ffu;%S nqrcqka f.a Y%S yia;fhys f.hla taug fya;=j

fmr tla cS;hl wm uyd fndai;dKka jykafia rcl=j bmso ish oS ffu;%S
fnda i;ajhka jykafia ta rcqf.a we;ayf,a we;=ka yslaujk we;af.djd h'
oskla rcq wef;l= msg hoaoS ta we;dg we;skakshka f.a .| oekS u| lsmS le,Ejg
jkakg h' rcq we;=f.a .uk j<ld.; fkd yelsj .il t,a,S cS;h frd
.;af;a h' miqj k.rhg ;a we;af.djd f.kajd fkd yslauqKq wef;l= irid
oSu ms<sn| fodia ke.S h' we;af.djd lreKq lSj o rcq fkd ms<s.;af;a h'
we;= lsysm kla we;skakka iu isg rd. yeS imqrdf.k kej; we;a y,g
wdf h' miqj we;af.djd rcqg f we;d f.a yslauu fmkajk ,os'
we;af.djd lshk yeu fohlau we;d lrkafka h' wjidkfhaoS r;a jQ .sksh
jQ hlvhla we;d fj; t<jd" fuh w,a,j hehs we;dg lSf h' we;d l ms
fofk;ska we;af.djd f.a uqyqK foi n,d fifkyiska ms lSlre is;ska ta
.sksh jQ hlvh o w,a,k ,os' tysoS fid`vh .d oe .sfha h' miqj
jyd th uqodykak he hs lS g uqodykak ,os'
f lSlre we;d o wlSlre wef;l= fuka rd.fhka u;aj .sh nj ieug m%lg
h' tod ta lSlre we;=k ldYHm uy ry;ka jykafia h' wkd.;fha ffu;%S
fndai;ajhka jykafia nq fydr mj; mduq,g je g" f ldYHm uy
ry;ka jykafia f.a foayh ^nqoaO ld,fha isg Wka jykafia f.a wIaGdk
n,fhka mj; w;r ie ;snQ&" Y%s yia;hg f.k fmkajk fial' miqj
foayh nq ysf.a Y%S yia;fha wdodykh jkafka h' ffu;%S nq rcqka f.a Y%S
yia;h thska oe w,a, mqrd f.hla yg .kafka h' tysoS fmr ;ud
we;af.dfjl=j bmso ish oS l, luh ful, m, ka nj jodrk fial'
tneka mdm luhg h fj;ajd'
khOrhka w;r w.;em;a Wmd,s ysfhda lrKjEfhla ug fya;=j

uqka jykafia wkqreoaO ys wdoS ih fokd yd tlg uyK jQ w;r .sys l,
YdlHhka f.a flia /jq,a ndk lrKjEhd h' nq iiqfka meosj oiqka jvd
ry;a khOrhka w;r w.;em;a h' fujka jdikd .=K we;s uqka
jykafia fufia my;a l=,hl bmfka" fmr w[aco rcqf.a mq;a pkaok l=ure
ish oS" oskla isl k we;= mska hoaoS foaj, k mfianqka ;ud bosfha
fkd kej;S tkjd oel" lsmS mfia nqkajykafia yd .eug we;d fufyhjk
~ 44 ~
Free Distribution
,os' kuq;a we;d ksYap,j is neka lsisfjl=g;a jrola fkd jqjo ysf;a we;s jQ
my;a fldamh ksid miqj Yrh fndfyda oe,s iy.; h' msh rcqg lshd mfia
nqkaf.ka iudj .;a kuq l< lufha mdlh keje;ah fkd yels neka
fufia wkqkaf.a flia /jq,a ndk lrKjEfhla j bmk nj jodrd we;'
^f:ar wmodkh&
wnmd,s ffjYHdjla ug fya;=j

fu;=h Yd,d uy kqjr wU Whkl wU w;= w;r mmd;slj ûdmshka
ke;sj& my< jQjd h' wehf.a YsIaG rEmh ksid ish rc orejkag" isgqjrekag
mdfNda.hg k.r fidaNkshla f,i m%isoaO lrk ,os' wE fuf,i wirKshla
jQfha" is nq iiqk ld,fha fu;=h n%dyauK l=,hl bmso lsmqKq is;ska ry;a
fufyKlg ffjYHdjla fuka wkdpdr we;sj nq iiqk IKh lrkakS h
he hs wdfl%daI l, neks' ta mka ksrd la |skag o h' oi oyila cd;shka
yS .Ksldjla u jQjd h' kmqre jQ Ila wkqNj l<dla fuka ta mdmfhka .e,
.; fkd yelsj f wjika osfhaoS o .Ksldjlaj u jQjd h' miqj nq iiqfka
meosj ry;aj inq jKshla jQjd h'
^mru;a: oSmKS k f:a .d:dGl:d - 162 msg&
fndfyda iajdmq;%hkag o ysufka f.dia cSj;a jQ ksidg o tmd jQ

wysxildh
uE kka bisodish h' wjka;s rg isgq;=ud f.a tlu j h' ;u ;;ajhg
.e,fmk isgq mjq,l isgq mq;%fhl= yd irK .shd h' wE wk,ij mKa;j
W;aiyjka;j odishla fuka ish lghq;= ;u iajdhdg lr ka kuq;a
ksrka;rfhka u ta isgq mq;%hd wehg neK jkafka h' wjidkfha Tyq iska
wehj udmshka fj; msg;a lrk ,os' bisodish f.a mshd wehj kej; uOHu
mdka;sl isgqjrfhl=g irK mdjd kafka h' ta isgq mq;%hdg o ;u cS;h fuka
wdorh lf<a o" fikyi oelajqj o uehf.a fmr luh ksid Tyqg o tmd h'
Tyq o fu;=h foumshka fj; hef h'
miqj isgq mshd mdf b,a lka hk yskafkl= oel Tyq ;u jg iajd
fldg oS ta isgq uef u keje;a h' uyd mquhls" wfyda lufha we;s
n,j;al u k ueh Tyqg o wdorfhka fifkyiska ujla fuka o ihfkys
fjikla fuka o lghq;= l, kuq f ysk ksidg o weh tmd isgq
uefrka neyer hkakg h' wfyda f wl=i, luhkag kskaod fjd!
miqj wE uyK ug fyda ish os kid .ekSug ;SrKh l<d h' fmr mska we;s
weh uyK osk y;lska ry;a ;%s oHd ,dNS jQjd h' f ry;a fufyKska
jykafia ;udf.a mQj luh n,d fufia lSjd h' weh fmr tarlp kqjr
uy;a Ok we;s rkalrefjlaj ish oS ;reK u|fhka u;aj mrodr fiajkfha
fhoS os.= l,la ksrd la | bka |S je|shl l=i ms<sis| f.k bmk l,ays
kdhl jrd f l=vd jrdf.a mqreI ,l=K kdY lf<a h' fuho mrodr
fiajkfha la mdlhls' miqj hf.dia wkaO jQ l= jQ t<fokl l=i ms<sis|
~ 45 ~
Free Distribution
ysjQ w;r tysoS o fcdaoaOdrKh lrk ,os' ;j o mqreI ks;a; m%foaYfha

mKqjka .id wjqre 12 la uy;a fia la |skakg h' fuh o mrodr fiajkfha
mdlhls'
miqj wkaO uy;a la | ue odishl l=i kmqxilfhlaj bmKs' miqj ue
os<s jQ wirK mjq,l Wmkakd h' .sodi k .e,a whs;s ;reKfhla yd jdy
jQ w;r Tyqg ;j;a |la o h' tneka f os<s l; ta | flfrys iajd
mq;%hd |jd ;ud f.a jifha u mj;ajd .ekSug oafIK luh l<d h'
îajdhg ta | fmfkk g w;sYhska lsfmk fia lrk lghq;a;ls&' ta l<
my;a wl=i,h fya;=fjka f osfhaoS wE ;u iajdhdg fldmuK wdorh
l,;a" fifkyi oelajqj;a" odishla fuka ish jevm< l<;a fyd|la k
wikakg fkd ,enqKsh' wE ishu iajd mq;%hkag tmd jQy' mdf b,alka
.sh ysk ksidg o tmd h' tneka i;amqreIhks" lufha we;s nrm;,l u
f;are f.k w;sYhska u m%fYka wl=i,a fkd fldg cSj;a fj;ajd'
^f:a .d:d j;a:d,Si ksmd;h - bisodis f:ah&
wkqka f.a jeisls<s msis fldg cSj;a jk wirK iqk;

S f.a mQj luh
fu;=ud fmr tla cS;hl oldr l=vd <ufhl=j ish kla mfianq
flfkla oel' fudlo kqU jykafia ;=jd,ldrfhla jf.a uq isrer u
fmdrjdf.k msKv
a mdf; hkafka@ fudlo Tn jykafiag ne o lDIslu wd
/lshdjla fldg cSj;a jkak@ b|ska Tng fudkj;a nek wkqka f.a
jeisls<sj, wiQj;a weo cSj;ajk tlfka ;sfhkafka he hs lshk ,' fuys
mdl jYfhka ksrfha meiS miqj fndfyda wd;au ish .Kkla wkqka f.a
jeisls<sj, wiQ wk mqoa.,fhlaj cSj;ajkag is h'
wm nq iiqk ld,fha o rc.y kqjr wkqka f.a jeisls<s msis lrk
wirKfhlaj bmKs' uyd ldreKsl nqrcdKka jykafia f.a lreKd oe,g
yiqj fmr mdr we;s fu;=ud me l, w;r fkdfnda klska oiqka jvd
ry;a T!ri mq;% W;=ful= jqKd'
^mru;a: mkS f:ar .d:G l:dj 540 msg&
fuda>rdc yshka f.a uyd l=IAG frda.hg fya;=j

wm nq iiqfkys r isjqre ork NslaIQka w;r w. ;em;a jQ f ysfhda Wm;
,nd isfha rc l=,hl h' iShdf.a wejEfuka rc jQ kuq uy;ajQ l=IaG
frda.hlska la |s neka rc iem o ysia tlla u h' tneka fuda>rdc he hs
m%isoaO h' miqj iiqfka meosj ry;a h' f uyd l=IaG frda.hg fya;=j k
mshqu;=rd nq iiqfka me ish wdik Yd,djl u .sks ;eu f' ta
fya;=fjka wjqre 1000la ksrfha meiqKq w;r wd;au mkaiShl u Wiia
l=,jf;la jqK;a Wm;ska u Yrfha ,m le<,a ^Wmka ,m& fndfyda we;af;la
we;' f mYau fha o jd; frda.hlska uyd la f.k we;'
^wmodk md,sh 540 jk wmodkh&
~ 46 ~
Free Distribution
onu,a,mq;a; ys wuQ,sl fndre fpdaokdj,g ,la ug fya;=j

onu,a, mq;a; ys i;a wjqre fha me ry;a jQ w;r Wmka od isg
isysfkkq ffu:Qk Oufhys fh ke;' kuq fu;ahd fufyK ;ud IKh
lf<A hehs nqrcqka yuqf mjd fndre fpdaokd l<d h' ij NslaIQka i
msi ueo <dul yeis inkaOj fndfyda fpdaokdjka t,a, l<y' tfia
wN+; fpdaokdjg ,la ug fya;=j uqka jykafia fmr miaiS nq iqiqfka
msis is,a we;s NslaIQka jykafia kulg Wkajykafia msis NslaIqjla he hs
oek oek u wuQ,sl fpdaokdjla fldg kskaod l, neka nj wmodk md<sfhys
oela f'
Wmkaodu .fa mdlr oeuQ lsle <skafol= f.a wNsudkj;a l:dj

wl=i, luj, wfidaNk mdl;a l=i, lu j, fidaNk mdl;a f
l:dfjka o ukdjg fmkakq lrhs' i;amqreI mskaj;=ks" fmr wE; w;S;fha
ldYHm nqka f.a msksfuka miq nqrcqka f.a tal>K Od;= ksoka fldg
fhdkla Wig ffp;Hhla lrk iufha uy ry;ka jykafia kula
ffp;Hhg r;a;%x iudo lrka tla rkalrejl= f.a ksjig je fial' tg
rkalre ;u Ndhdj iu l,y lrka is neka f;reka jykafia Tn,d
f.a ffp;Hfhys jev ksuu i|yd rka fkd fmfkkd nj u;la l, g
Ndhdj iu ;snqKq fldamfhka kqU jykafia f.a Ydia;Dka jykafia c,fha
oud hkake hs lSf h' ta fudfydf;a ;u Ndhdj flfrys fldam jqks k ug
fkd nek nqrcdKka jykafia,dg ffjr lsu ^fodialSu& jer nj lS g
rkalre ixf.hg m;a f;reka jykafiaf.ka iudj b,a,S h' nqrcqkaf.ka
thg iudj .kak lS g l=ula fldg iudj .; hq;= oehs wid" rkska u,a
fmdl=re ;=kla fldg ffp;Hfha ksokafldg f;;a jQ flia we;sj iudj .;
hq;= nj u;la fldg Wkajykafia je fial'
miqj rkalre rkska u,a idoka ;udf.a mq;=ka fofokdf.ka jeuy mq;dg
ta i|yd Wojg l;d l, kuq;a Tyqf.ka ,enqfka Tn l< jro Tnu n,d
.kak lshd h' fojeks mq;d;a le|jd lS kuq;a hym;a m%;spdrhla fkd h' Tyq
o fmr fiau lSf h' umshkag wdorh we;s ;=kajk mq;dg u;lal, muKska
ms<sf.k umshkag Wmka lD;H orejkag ndrhs fkao is;d mshdg iyh
fofokd iu u,a fmdl=re ;=kla idod Od;= ksOdkfha ksokafldg iudlr
.;af;a h'
fufia fudyq nqka j;=f oukak lS mka y;ajdrhlau ysjqk ld,fha u
c,fha ouk ,oafoa h' wjidk wd;au Njfha wm nqrcdKka jykafia f.a
ld,fha nrKeia kqjr tla isgq l=udldjla l=i cdOrfhla ûka;% n,fhka
wyiska hk& ksid ms<sis|f.k" fydr ryfiau oi uila l=i ord fuf,djg
yslr ;u odish;a iu idlPdfldg w;a Ndckhla f.kajd f lsle
ore.e u<mjd fkd fidaod tys oud" th ukd fldg jid u,aud,d j,ska irid
;uka f.a ndrhla Tmamq lsula he hs odish ,jd" ksfid,aufka .fa md lr
~ 47 ~
Free Distribution
yehd h' wo iudcfha wmg fkd oekqj;aj fu n foaj,a fudk;r fjkjd

o@ flfia fyda fmr mska we;s mYau Nl ls lehd . my, kdka is
ldka;djka fofofkl=f.ka tla ldka;djla ,ndf.k orejd fidaod msis
fldg fmdaIKh l<d h' flia lrle le.eiS ;snqKq ksid c, lshd ku
;enqjd h' f ldka;dj uyd lpdhk uy ry;ka jykafia f.a
Wmia:dhsldjla neka Wkajykafiag uyK lrkak lshd l=vd jhfia u mQcd
l<d h' uy ry;ka jykafia f orejd nekq;a uy;a |skak ;r
mqKHjka;fhla ksid o /f.k f.dia fjk;a Wmia:dhl l=,hlg fmdaIKh
lrkak ndr l<y' ta ksjfia f.yshd o wdorfhka /l n,df.k orejd f.a
mska uysuh lreKq iys;j oekf.k ;ukaf.a l=uh fudyqg irK fldg
kafkaa h'
w;a ksjig .sh f fofokd ksjig meKSu;a iuu ta c, ;reKhd f.a
fmr msx u;= ksjig kef.kyska wiQhka rka mj;hla my< h' fuh
oek.;a rcqf.ka isgq ;k;=rla ,nd c, isgq kka w; fNda.S isgq flfkla
h' fudyqg mq;%hka ;sfofkla h' ta orejka jehg m;a jQ miq me f
woyiska hq;j
= ta mq;%hka le|jd rka oKAvla we;s jcsr ;,hla iys; Woe,a,la
fogq mq;dg rka mj;fhka rka ms`vla /f.k tk f,i lSf h' fogq mq;d o
Woe,af,ka rka mj;hg myr kak;a .,lg .eiqjdla fuka h' fojeks mq;d
o tfia u msg;a l< kuq;a rka fkd lemqkq neka nd, mq;d msg;a lf<a h'
n,kak mskaj;=ks fmr ;d;a;dg rkau,a yod ffp;Hhg mQcd lsug iyh jQ
neka yhg ue f.dvla .kakdla fuka r;a;%x lems lemS hkak mgka .;af;a
h' jeuy,a fidfydhqrka fofokd fmr rkau,a iEug iyh fkdjQ neka
Tjqkag rka ,nd.ekSug fkd yels h' miqj isgq;=ud mq;%hka ;sfokdj le|jd
f rka mj;h kqU,d i|yd my< fkd jqf h" ug;a nd, mq;= i|yd;a my<
jQjls' ta ksid u,a,s;a iu tlg mfNdackh lrkake hs ndrfldg mej
w.% wud uyd ksjdK Od;=j wjfndaO lf<a h' ta ksid i;amqreI orejka ;u
foudmshka f.a lghq;= fndfyda wdorfhka lr fo;ajd' lsisfjl= lsis lf,l
f;rejkag ks.%y fkd lr;ajd'
ry;=ka fy<d oel r olajd cSj;a jkakd jQ wUqie hqj,l f.a l:dj
fmr w;S;fha ldYHm nq rcqka f.a rka ffp;Hh lrk ld,fha nrKeia
kqjrjdiS fndfyda l=, mq;%fhda ffp;Hfha jev lsu i|yd fndfyda lE hq;="
nqh hq;= wdydr;a f.k ffp;Hh ia:dkhg hk w;r u tla ry;ka
jykafia kula msKavmd;fha jkjd oel" tA msi w;f ishd jQ tla l=,
hKshla ;u iajdhd;a iu l;dfldg tA uy ry;ka jykafiag odkh mQcd
fldg Tn jykafia wjfndaO lr.;a Ouh wjfndaO lr .ekSug wms;a
Nd.Hjka;fhda fj;ajdhs m%d:kd l<y' ta fudfydf;a uy ry;ka jykafiag
f fofokd f.a m%d:kdj bIAG jk nj oel u| iskdjla my, h' tfia
iskyiSu gq wr hqj;sh ;u iajdhdg iajdks wfma wdhka jykafia
~ 48 ~
Free Distribution
kegqlaldrfhla fuka iskdfikafka he hs lS wjia:df fuh wkqu; lrka

;u iajdhdo tfyu fjkak we;ehs lshd fofokdu hkakg .sh y'
fudjqka we;s;dla jdih fldg fof,dj bmso thska pq;j tA ldka;dj wm
nqka ld,fha kegqlaldr ksjil bmKd h' tu ;reKhdo rc.y kqjr isgq
f.orl WmkafkaA h' fufia ld,hd f.a wejEfuka wr kdgHh r olajkafkda
o ;u hKsh o tu kdgH rx.k oelafuys yqre mqrefldg ;u hKsh;a
iu. . ksh.j, r olajka rc.y kqjrg meK rcq we;= ck;djg
kdgH rx.k îlia& olajkakg h' uq,ska lS isgq mq;%hd o f rx.k n,ka
wr kegqlaldr ;reKsh WK .ila u; ke.S fkdfhla wdldrfha kegq .S
lS wdh lrkjd oel mQf ;snQ fifkyi ksidfoda weh flfrys wdorhla
we;slr .;af;a h' miqj ;u foumshka f.a wlue;a; mfil,d wdhdpkd
lroa u" ta ;reKsh flfrys ne|sfuka tA r olajkakka iu Tjqka f.a nvq
ndysrdh Wiq,ka odifhla fuka ;reKsh fjkqfjka ug neiafia h' tfia
kuq;a fm%auh wdorh lshk foh is;
= ,a,la wiar fohla nj fmkajka
ia;%Skag ji fuka weh,d ms fy,d olskafka h hk m jok ikd:
lrka tod ta ;reKhdg lsis Ys,amhla fkdokafkla" wkqkaf.a nvq ndysrdh
Wiq,kafkla lshka wykakg ,enqKq kskaod nia ksid l,lsrefKaa h'
miqj weh f.a udkh" Ys,am o;a ksid nj oek wehf.a mshdf.ka ta rx. Ys,amh
bf.k uyck;djg Ys,am olajka . ksh. rdcOdksj, ieirka rc.y
kqjrg o meKsfha h' tys uyckhd ueo hka 60la Wi WK .ila u; ke.S
fkdfhla wdldrfha rx.k îlia& olajk fudfydf;a nq lreKd weig wiq
jQ isgq mq;=g msysg ug nqrka uyd i msio iu tys jeh y'
tys jevu fldg ck;dj ;uka jykafia fj; wjk; lr" thska wukdm jQ
rx.k ;reKhd uq.,ka f;reka ,jd W;aidyj;a fldg ixidl wfkal la
id.rfhka f.dv .kska Tyqg oy foaYkdfldg jod< y' fmr mska we;s
kfjla jQ W.a.fiak isgq l=udrhd WK.i u;af;ys iska u isms<sishd
iys; ry;aNdjhg meK ksjka wjfndaO lf<a h'
n,kak ldreKsl mskaj;=ks" mskaj;shks tod uy ry;ka jykafia kulg
kegqlaldrfhla lshd ta ldka;dj" r olajd cSj;a jk l=,hl bmKd h' th
wkqu; l, mqreIhd o isgq l=,hl bmK;a miqj kegqjka iu yeisfrkakg
is h' tod uy ry;ka jykafiag oka ksjka m%d:kd l, neka ta r
oelajQ ;reKsh o miq lf,l me ksjka wjfndaO l<d h'
~ 49 ~
Free Distribution
wiS; .=Ke;s wm uyd iud inqrcdKka jykafiag o mdl ka lu

fod<y
oYn,Od nqrcdKka jykafiag o mQjfha lrk ,o lu fod<yla fuf,dj
mdl ka nj kla ysud,fha wfkda;;a; , wi, mkaiShla NslaIQka yuqf
jod< fial' mqn lu msf,da;sl wmodkhg wkqj th fufia h'
1) iqkao mn%dcsldj fkd l,ays ydria:dkhg tk hk .uk fya;=fjka
Yd, wmjdohla ke.=kd' Bg fya;=j fmr uqk,SOq;lj ish irN+ k
mfianq rcqkag l< fodaIdfrdamKh nj o; hq;= h'
2) fmr f,dj my, jQ indNs= k nq rcqka f.a kkao k Y%djlhka
jykafiag ldu fNda.shd lshd fodia ke.Su fya;=fjka iir fndfyda lg
m;a h' f idrdixLH l,am ,laIhlg;a fmr lrk ,o luh" nqnj
,nd o nvore wud f.a fjia .;a xudkldj fya;=fjka my;a jQ
wmjdohlg ,la jqKd'
3) miq lf,l iqkao mn%dcsldj urd u,a wiqk < j<,d nqrcqka wehj
IKh fldg urd ijk ,oafoa he hs uy;a fodaIdfrdamKhla k y;la
;=, mej;=Ks' k y;lska miq i;H fy,s jQ kuq;a f kskaodjg fya;=j
fmr NSu k iDISka jykafiag neK jeu nj o; hq;= h'
4) uyfndai;dKka jykafia fmr jia;= f,daNh ksid ;u fidfydhqrd
lkafoka my,g ;,alr .,la oud urd oeuqf h' ta fya;=fjka iir
fndfyda lg m;a nq jQ cS;fha o foo;af;r .,a fmr nj o; hq;= h'
5) fndai;=ka kla l=vd <ufhl=j ish mfianq flfkla oel .,lska
.eiqjd' ta luh fya;=fjka f cS;fha nqka f.a cS;h ke;s lsug
foo;=ka kqjdhka fho jQ nj o; hq;= h'
6) fmr fndai;=ka we;a f.djl=j ish mfianq flfkla jkd nj oel
Is; is;ska ueu i|yd we;d fufyh jQ kuq;a Wkajykafia iDoafhka
jefial' kuq my;a is;ska l, luh ksid f cS;fha ;uka jykafia
ueu msKsi u;a jQ kd<d.s we;= bhg wd nj jod<d'
7) foo;a f;reka ;:d.;hka jykafia flfrys .egqKq is;ska .scql= mf
uy.,la ilauka lrk nq yshka f.a ysi u;g fmr kuq fmr msrE
mdr n,fhka uy .,la fmdf,dfjka u;= ta ., jefgkak fkd r|jd
.;a;d' kuq;a .,a m;=rla .e, ;a Y%S m;=f,a .e uymg wes,a, ;e,S f,a
le .eiqkd' cSjl ffjoH;=ud Y%S m;=, m,d f,a wial, o fufia Y%S m;=,
m,k ,oafoa fmr mDYajr rcj ish ksfil= urjk ,o mka nj o;
hq;= h'
8) ;:d.;hka jykafia f.a iqj fkd jk ysi reodjg fya;=j fmr fljq,a
mjq,l bmso ish ;u {d;Ska fndfyda uiqka f.dvod ;sfnkq nj oel
i;=gq iskd my< l< mdmh nj o; hq;= h' tod ta uiqka uerE ish {d;Ska
~ 50 ~
Free Distribution
f cS;fha o {d;Skaj YdlH l=,fha bmkd' ta ieugo ta m%dK>d;

luh mdl f,i vQVN l=ure w;ska h hkakg jQ nj foaYKd lr
we;'
9) ;=ka f,dalh mqrd me;sreKq odhl Wmia:dhl" Y%djl" Y%dld msila we;s
;:d.;hka jykafiag fodf<diajk jia ld,fha tla n;a weghl= fkd
,enqKs' wYajhkag fok hj yd,a je<ug is jqKd' fufia ug fya;=j
fmr Mqiai nqrcdKka jykafiag Tn jykafia f m%KS; we,ayd,a
j<|kjdg jvd fyd|hs" hj yd,a je<jdk lshd fodia ke.= mdmh nj
o; hq;= h'
10)iq.;hka jykafiag iqj fkd jk fldkafoa wdndOhla mej;=Ks' Ou
foaYkd lrk wjia:dj, th W;aikak jQ g iehq;a ysg oy foiqu
mjrd fl .ekSug jkd nj i|yka f' fuhg fya;=j fmr u,a,j
fmdr w,a,k fhdaOfhl=j ish reoaOjd u,a,j fmdrlrefjl= f.a
fldkao levQ mdmh nj o; hq;= h'
11)nqrkag je<kq f,days; mlaLkald ^f,a w;Sidrh& frda.hg fya;=j fmr
ffjoHjrfhl=j ish isgqjrfhl=g fnfy;a l< kuq;a ksh; uqo,a
fkd f.jQ neka miqj fl fnfy;a kafka h' Tyqg f,a;a iu. fl
jQ neka isgqjrhd hj ksh; uqo,a f. h' ta luh mdl ka nj
fuhska o; hq;= h'
12)uyd fndai;dKka jykafiag nq u msKsi ih wjqreoaola Ialr l%shd
lsug is jQfha fmr fcda;smd, udkjlhdj ish >ldr nuqKd iu
ldYHm nq rcdKka jykafiag Th uqvq uyKdg nqoaO;ajhla fldhska o@
th w;sYhska ,N tllehs fodia lS mdmh hehs o; hq;= h'
i;amqreI mskaj;=ks ! n,kak uy;a jQ kqjKla we;s uy;a jQ n,hla we;s uy;a
jQ hiia we;s uy ry;a jQ msjr im;a;shla we;s uy;a jQ .=K im;a;shla
we;s uy;a iDoa n,hla we;s ;:d.; iud inqrcdKka jykafiag o mQf
lrk ,o lu i|yd tk mdl j,ska f isug fkd yels k" t;r
mdr Yla;shla" .=K Yla;shla kqjKla" msjrla iDoa n,hla ke;s Tn wm
jekakjqka flfia k .e,fjkak o@ tneka miq;e,s jkakg isjk oE fkd
lrkak' lsis kl ldygj;a lla mSvdjla" is;a ;ejq,la we;s fkd lrkak'
lsisfjl=g ysxidjla" mSvdjla" lla" fodkila" lrorhla" m;la" fjfyila
fkd lrkak'
~ 51 ~
Free Distribution
l=i, mdl
i;amqreI mskaj;=ks " fuys n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka l,HdKx jd mdmlx jd
;iai odhdfod Niaid;s hk Ou mdGh ia;r lsug f' ta wkqj
^1& hym;a lu j,g ,efnk hym;a mdl o
^2& whym;a lu j,g ,efnk whym;a mdl o
fmkajkq ,ef' wm iska uq, hym;a whym;a lu fudkjd o lshk nj
meye,s lrkakg fhks' oeka wm ta ta luhka f.a mdl olajkafkuq'
hym;a lu w;r uq,skau i|yka lf,a ;s%O mqKHla l%shd Ou f' ;s%O
mqKHla ls%hd Ou k odk" YS," Ndjkd f' ta wkqj wms m<uqj u odk mdl
olajkafkuq'
^wx' ks' m[apl ksmd;fhys isyfiakdm;s iQ;%h&
odkfha wdksixi
idkaoDIal ^fuf,dju ;ud iska oel .; yels& odkdksixi i;rla fmkajd
we;"
odhl f;f fndfyda fokdg ms%hukdm flfkla f'
odhl;=ud ms<sn|j hym;a lS;s rdjhla me;sf'
kEu msila lrd Ydroj t<f Yla;shla ,ef' ul=ulg f;o rys;
ulg m;a fkd f'
hym;a l,HdK ;% wdY%h ,ef'
tfiau odkdksixi iQ;h
% g wkqj"
.sys Ouhkaf.ka fkd msyqk flfkla jk nj olajd we;' wLKavj is,a

wd .=K" mkais,a wd .=K rlskafkl= hk w:h hs'
;j o urKska u;= iq.;s f,dalhl bmug o fuu odkuh msxlu fya;=jk
nj fmkajd we;'
msskaj;=ks" ;j o i;amqreI odk myla we;s w;r tys fYaI mdl imamqi odk
iQ;%hg wkqj fufia h'
i;amr
q eI odk wdksixi my
Y%oaOdfjka okau fya;=fjka YsIaG rEm im;a ,ef' tneka Y%oaOdfjka

u oka fo;ajd
iliafldg okau fya;=fjka lSlre mq;=ka wUqorejka iajdmq;%hka oeis
oiaika ,ef' ^tneka fok oE ilia fldg ug mqre jkak&
wd.ka;=l odk" .l odk" NSlaI odk wd iqiq l,ays oka u fya;=fjka
;reK jhfia fndfyda iem im;a ,ef'
~ 52 ~
Free Distribution
f,daNhlska f;drj okau fya;=fjka fyd| wdydrmdk" hdkjdyk"

f.afodr wdh mfNdackh lsug is;a kefukq we;' ,efnk oE mfNda.
lsug is; kefukqfha f,daNfhka f;drj oka u fya;=fjks'
;ud o wka wh o fjfyig m;a fkd fldg Odl jia;=fjka okau
fya;=fjka u;= ,efnk im;a .skafkka" c,fhka" fidr i;=rkaf.ka"
wlSlre orejkaf.ka kdY ;udg wys fkd f' ,efnk im;a
iqrlaIs; f lshd h'
i;amr
q eI mskj
a ;=ks ;j;a odk y;rl wdksixi Oufhys ioyka f
;ud f.a Okfhka okafok w;r wkHhka Bg iyNd.S lr fkd .kS' ta

fya;=fjka ta whg u;= fNda. im;a ,efnk w;r mjdr im;a fkd ,e
hhs'
;u Okh ho fkd fldg fndfyda msia tl;= fldg ta whf.a Okfhka
okau fya;=fjka u;= Ok im;a fkd ,efnk w;r msjr im;a ,efnkq
we;'
;ud o oka fkd fok w;r fok odkhlg o iyNd.S fkd u fya;=fjka
u;= Ok im;a o msjr im;a o hk fol u fkd ,ef'
;u Okh o fhdod wka wh o Bg iyNd.s lrf.k fok odkh fya;=fjka
u;= Ok im;a o msjr im;a o hk folu ,efnkq we;'
Y%oaOdj wj lrf.k kqjKska hqla;j tl jQ fkd isrek is;ska fok mqx
fohla jqj o uy;a M, jk nj fmkaug wmodk md,shg wkqj lreKq fmkajd
fo'
Ôu moG l:d 46 msgqj&
u,a mQcdf wdksixi

mu ys fmr cS;hl muq;a;r nqrcdKka jykafia mquqL uyd
ix>r;akhg tla mshqula f.k mQcd l< msfkka u,afm;s .Kkg ila;s rcj
bmkd' y;aish j;djla mD:q rdcH l,d' wjidkfha ksjka iqj ,eug ta
msk fya;= jQ nj fmkajd we;'
^wmodk md,s nq(j( 193 msg&
;sWmam,ud,sh ys miaiS nqrcqg Wmq,a u,a ;=kla mqod l,am wkQ tlla
.;shlg fkd hk ,' f msfkka ;=kaish j;djla ila fo rc bmkd'
mkaish j;djla ila;s rc jqKd' wjidkfha ksjka oelSug o f msk
WmksY%h jqKd' n,kak i;amqreIfhks" yekq is;lska mskal lsf w.h'
^wmodk md,sh 342 wmodkh&
i;a;=mam, ud,l f;rKsh fmr cS;hl is nqrcdKka jykafiag udfk,a

u,a i;la tl is;ska kqjK fhdod ms msfkka jdr ye;a;E y;la fofo
f,djg wm;s ila fo f.a rs| Wmkakd h' ta uf,a mdg yd iqj| wehg
yeu hl u ,enqKq w;r wjidkfha ksjkg o f W;= msk WmksY%h h'
^f:a wmodkh 8&
~ 53 ~
Free Distribution
;slKsldr mqmah ys iqfO nq rcdKka jykafiag lsKsyshd u,a ;=kla

meyek iss;ska kqjK fhdod mQcd l, msfkka ;=kaish j;djla ila;s rch'
mkaish j;djla ila fo ;k;=r o yeu cS;hl u my; ioyka mdl o
,enqKd y'
uy;a fNda. im;a we;af;l= jqKd'
my;a l=,j, fkd bmso Wiia l=,j, u bmkd'
leu;s leu;s hdk jdyk ,enqKd'
fndfyda rEu;a ia;S%ka yd oeis oiaika ,enqKd'
fndfyda w.kd jia;%dNrKhkag ,dNS jqKd'
iEu l,a ys wka wh f.a f.!rjhg md;% jqKd'
Wiia lS;shla we;af;la jqKd'
iEu l,a ys fndfyda msjr ckhd we;af;la jqKd'
;u msi lsisfjl=g fNao l< fkd yels jqKd'
{d;Ska w;r Wiia ^W;=& fY%aIaGfhl= jqKd'
YS; WIaK j,ska mSvdjla fkd jqKs'
ldhsl yd udkisl ody ke;s W;=fula jqKd'
^wmodk md,s( 501 jk wmodkh&
wjidkfha ksjka iqj wjfndaOhg o ta W;= msk WmksY%h jqKd'
myka mQcdf wdksixi

wcs; iajdka jykafia mshqu;=rd nq rcqkag tla f;,a mykla ms mskska
l,am yegodyla fof,dj iem | oyia j;djla ila;s rcj Wmkafka h'
i;sia j;djla ila fo jqKd' jdr i;a ishhla m%foaY rc jqKd' wjidkfha
ksjka oelSug o ta l=i,h u WmksY%h jQ nj oelaf'
m[apmsld f;rKska jykafia fmr nq iiqkl ljr /hl fndaka

jykafiag myka myla ms msfkka wiQ jdrhla fof,djg wm;s ila fo
f.a | Wmkakd h' oyia .Kka ila;s rc orejkag w. fufyish jqKd h'
wm nqiiqfka i;a wjqre fha ksjka oelSugo ta msk WmksY%h we;'
^9 jk f:a wmodkh&
il=,d f;rKsh ldYHm nqrcqka msksfuka miq Wkajykafia f.a ffp;Hhg

tla /hla tla mykla mqod my; i|yka wdksixi ,enqKq nj f:a wmodfka
olajd we;af;a h'
iEu ;eku ;udg m%m oe,a f'
jeia ,ef'
;SCIK kqjK ,ef'
hiiska ,sfi;a'
Y%oaOdj yd m%{dj ukdj msysg;a'
Wiia l=, im;a we;af;l= f'
~ 54 ~
Free Distribution
talmsh ys isoaOd: nqrcqka f.a ;lhg tla mykla mqod tla ;sia jrla ila
fo h' is wg j;djla ila;s rc nj o ,enqjd' ;j fYaI wkqiia
folla o ,enqjd'
Iu ia:dk j,g hk g iufjkakd y'
kso fmfkk fofk;a we;af;la h'
^416 jk f:ar wmodkh&
mskaj;=ks ! myka iqjdiQ oyila isreK le,Uqk is;ska msj;a fumuK wkqiia
f.k fkd fok w;r" meyek is;ska tl is;ska nqoau;aj tl mykla
msj;a uy;a wkqiia ,efnk nj jgyd .ks;ajd'
iqj| mQcdf wdksixi

OQmodhl ys meyek tl jQ is;ska nqoah fhdod isoaOd: nqrcqkaf.a
.|ls,sh iqj|j;a l< msfkka l,am wkQ y;rla wmdhg fkd f.dia ksjka
oelSug tu l=i,h WmksY%h we;'
ms<sJjc uy ry;ka jykafia iqj| ms msfkka wkqiia oyhla ,enqKq nj

olajd we;'
iqj|j;a isrerla we;af;l= f'
lS;su;a cS;hla ,ef'
hiia we;af;l= f'
jyd jegfyk kqjKla ,ef'
;SCIK kqjK ,ef'
N+ m[a[ hk kqjK ,ef'
ydiq m[a[ kqjK ,ef'
.eUqre kqjK we;af;l= f'
mq, jQ kqjK we;af;l= f'
cjk m%{dj ,ef'
^wmodk md,sh ms<sJjc wmokh&
ms<sJjc uy ry;ka jykafia" muq;a;r nqka oji yxij;S kqjr bmso
rc;=ud f.a ud<s.fha fodrgq md,lfhl= f,i fiajh lrk ld,fha tu
nqrcqka f.a mshd jQ wdkkao uy rc;=ud" ;u kqjr fjk lsisfjl=g
wjia:djla fkd nqka m%uqL uyd ix> r;akhg ismifhka Wmia:dk lf<a h'
rcq yd l=vd l, isg ;=rkaj is fyhska rcqf.ka ,o jrhla i|yd nqka m%uqL
uyd ix>hdg oka u msKsi wjia:djla ,nd fok f,i rcqf.ka b,a,d isk
,' fuhg wlue;s jQ rcq miqj wlrK ksYaphlska ,nd ka ;Skaj u;
fkd lvjd udi ;=kla nqka m%uqL uyd ix>r;akhg ismifhka wem
Wmia:dkh i|yd fudyqg bv i,id fok ,' f ,o wjia:dfjka fkd lvjd
;=ka uila uq,af,a nqka m%uqL uyd ix>r;akhg ismifhka Wmia:dk l<
mskska f ;r wkqyila ,en wjidkfha f.!;u nqiiqfka fohkag m%sh
jQjka w;r w. ;k;=ro ,nk ,' tneka i;a mqreIfhda ;em;a is;ska hq;=j
u l=i, lu lr;ajd'
~ 55 ~
Free Distribution
iqj| meka biSf wkqiia

Mqis; lmsh ys miaiS nqrcdKka jykafia m%Odk uyd ix>r;akh jk g
jkqla u,a lla ;nd .;a iqj| meka lla f.k biai msfkka fooyia
mkaish j;djla ila;s rch' fooyia mkaish j;djla fofo f,djg ila
fo Wmkafkah' tfiau WmkQmka cS;fhys"
yeu wd;auhl u tqis; hk ku o"
ieuod nUhla muK iqj| jeis fmdo jishs'
ie;mq Nd.hla rg wefka iqj| ysfoa'
;u w;g .;a ish,a, iqj|j;a jQ y'
l,am ,laIhla iem o tu ld,h ;=< mdr o mqrdf.k ksjka iqjh o
wjfndaO lr.;a nj wmodk md,sfha i|yka f'
.kafOdaolsh ys fmr wd;auhl mshqu;=rd nqrcqka msgka fndaka jykafiag
uy jIdf kuq iqj| meka l,hla ms mskska fof,dj jHx.kdjka msjrd
f.k Wiia udk ,nd ukq f,dj wdndOfhka f;drj" fYdalfhka f;drj
,; fuka f;drj" mdr mqrdf.k ksjka oelSugo ta msk WmksY%h h'
^wmodk md,s 54 jk wmodkh&
OuY%jKdksixi
talOu ijkSh ys mshqu;=rd nqiiqfka tla Ou foaYkhla Y%jKh l,
mskska ;sia tla jdrhla ila fo h' is tla j;djla ila;s rc h'
Ou ijkSh ys fmr ;em;a iud.; is;ska kqjK fhdod wksp i[a[d

mixhqla; tla Ou foaYkhla Y%jKh l< mskska"
l,am ;sia oyila fo iem kafoa h'
mkia tla j;djla jH rdcHh ,enqf h'
ye;a;E tla jdrhla ila;s rch'
wm nq iiqfka ta msk o WmksY%h i;a ye fhau ry;a nj ,enqf h'
tneka ;ekam;a is;lska Ouh Y%jKh lr;ajd'
^wmodk 339 jk wmodkh&
wdydr msf wdksixi

fuda>rdc ys fmr w;a:oiaiS nqrcqkag ;em;a is;ska kqjK fhdod o~qje,a
nEhla mqcd l< mskska ody;r jdrhla ila fo jqKd' mkaish jdrhla ila;s
rc jqKd' wgis j;djla mD rdcH ,enqfh' wjidkfha f msk ksjkg o
WmksY%h jqfKa h'
wuq;a; ys w;a:oiaiS nqrcdKka jykafia m%Odk uyd ix>r;akhg Wla.ia

odkhla ka mskska l,am tlaodia wg iShla .;s.d fkdjQ nj wmodk md,sfha
i|yka f'
~ 56 ~
Free Distribution
lgcqNslaLd odhsld f;rKsh fmr tla cS;hl ;siai nq rcqkag tla oka
yekaola ms mskska ;sia yh jdrhla ila fof.a fufyish jQjd h' mkia
j;djla ila;s rcqg w. fufyish jqjd h'
^07 jk f:a wmodkh&
Wmam, odhsld f;rKsh mshqu;=rd nqiufhys tla NslaIqjlg msKavmd; odkhla

yd jia;%hla mqod oyia j;djla ila fof.a fufyish jQ w;r oyia j;djla
ila;s fufyish jQjd h' tfiau NslaId odkh fya;=fjka t;=hg iir fuu
mdlhka ,e we;a;d y'
^wmodk md,s Wmam,odhsld wmodkh&
meyem;a bmfoa'
YsIaG rEm im;a ,ef'
oel=l flfkla f'
Wiia l=,j, Wmhs'
ijdx. imkak fYdaNudk rEm im;a ,ef'
ta jdf.a u wdhqI" jKh" iemh" n,h" kqjK" hiia Ndjh hk wdksixi

,efnk nj Oufhys i|yka fldg we;af;a h'
blgq mQcdf wdksixi

iqodhl ys miaiS nqrcqkag blgq mQcd l< mskska y;a jrla ila;s rch'
^94 jk wmodkh&
ms<sJjP wmodkhg wkqj f mdl ,efnkakd y'

l=l=ia is|,Sf Yla;sh ,ef' iel ke;af;l= f'
YsIaG rEm im;a ,ef'
fndfyda fNda. im;a ,ef'
;SCIK kqjKla ,ef'
.eUqre jq ishq Ou ldrKd jyd jgyd .ekSf Yla;shla we;af;l=
jkafka h'
jia;% mQcdf wdksixi

taliai odhl ys meyekq is;ska kqjK fhdod mshqu;=rd nqrcqkag tla
jia;%hla ms mskska ;siayh j;djla ila fo h' ;sia;=ka j;djla ila;s rc
jqfKa h' ukqf,dj my; i|yka wkqiia ,e we;a;d y'
rEu;a mqoa.,fhl= f'

.=Kjka;fhl= f'
i;=rkag fkd ue`h yels h'
fndfyda jia;% ,efn;a'
fndfyda fNda. im;a ,n;s'
Wvq hka ,ef'
rkajka mdg Yrhla ,ef'
~ 57 ~
Free Distribution
g wu;rj ms<sJjP wmodkhg wkqj f wdksixi o ,efnkakd y'

,s fkd wef,k iula we;af;l= f'
ldka;su;a Yrhla ,ef'
isks Yrhla ,ef'
fug msf wdksixi

iqjKaK fndayk ys g fmr fughla ms mskska ila;s iem; we;==
fndfyda iem ,e we;s nj wmodk md,sfha 271 jk wmodkfha i|yka fldg
we;' fug msf fya;=fjka ms<sJjP ysg m%Odk wkqiia ihla ,e
we;a;dy'
iu jQ isrer we;af;la f'
.re lrk ,oafola f'
uD Yr we;af;la f'
ukd oel= we;s Yr we;af;la f'
{dKh ,ef'
mjdr im;a ,ef'
P;% odkfha wdksixi

P;% odhl ys fmr cS;hl ;u mq;d meosj ry;aj msks h' iEh oel je|
iq fr lE,a,lska iEhg l=vhla fldg kexjQ mskska l,am wkQ y;rla iem
mdl ,enqKq w;r ta mskska f;jrla ila;s rc h'
tal P;a; ys fmr cS;hl w;a:oiaiS nq ysg iq l=vhla ord is mskska

l,am ye;a;E y;la iem ,e we;' tfiau l=i, n,fhka ye;a;E y;a j;djla
ila fo jQ w;r oyia j;djla ila;s rc h'
^412 jk wmodkh&
ms<sJjP yshkag P;% odkfha wkqiia wgla ,e we;'
YS;f,ka mSvd fkd ,ef'

;u Yrfhys l=Kq fkd wef,hs'
Wmj ke;af;la f'
wkHhka f.a f.!rjhg m;a f'
ishq jQ iula we;af;la f'
is; msis f'
W!IaKfhka mSvd fkd ,ef'
fndfyda ;% l=v ,ef'
~ 58 ~
Free Distribution
md;% odkfha wdksixi

m;a;odhl ys isoaOd: nq ysg md;%hla mQcd fldg l,am wkQy;rla
.;shlg fkd .sh nj i|yka f' ^246 jk wmodkh& ms<sJjP yssg md;%
mskska wkqiia oyhla ,e we;a;d y'
fndfyda jkd rka oS ;,s ,ef'

Wmj ke;af;la f'
wk;=re ke;af;la f'
wkHhkaf.a f.!rjhg md;% f'
wdydr mdk" jia;%" ihkdik myiqfjka ,ef'
,efnk im;a wld,fha kdY fkd f'
iar is;a we;af;l= f'
yeu l,ays u Ouhg leu;s f'
flf,ia wvq flfkla f'
wdY%j o rys; fj;a'
oe,s msyshd msf wdksixi
yeu l,ays u Y+rfhla f'

;em;a is;a we;af;l= f'
Ydro mqoa.,fhl= f'
ffOhjka;fhla f'
hjka;fhla f'
Tijd .kakd ,o is;a we;af;la f'
;SCIK kqjK ,ef'
jdisodhl ys g l,am wkQy;rlg fmr msyshla ka mskska l,am wkQy;rla

hk ;=re u wmd.; ke;'
uy msyshd msf wdksixi my
hym;a is;a we;af;l= f'

h jka;fhla f'
CIdka;sjd mqoa.,fhla f'
ffu;S%h kue;s wdhqOh ,ef'
flf,ia is|,k wkq;a;r jQ kqjK ,ef'
^ms<sJjP wmodkhg wkqjh&
ksh lmk w msf wdksixi my
fndfyda oeis oiaika ,ef'

.j wYaj im;a ,ef'
wdrlaIl fufylrejka ,ef'
flia /jq,a lmkakka ,ef'
n;a msikakka ,ef'
~ 59 ~
Free Distribution
mjka w;= msf wdksixi wg
Yr ody ke;af;l= f'

udkisl ody ke;af;l= f'
rd. .sks ksf Yla;sh ,ef'
oafI .sks ksf Yla;sh ,ef'
fuday .sks ksf Yla;sh ,ef'
udk .sks ksf Yla;h
s ,ef'
igq .sks ksf Yla;sh ,ef'
YS;fhka yd W!IaKfhka mSvd fkd ,ef'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
fmryka lv msf wdksixi my
>dhqI ,ef'
w wdhqOj,ska mSvd fkd ,nhs'
jii j,ska ysxidjla fkd f'
w;=re urKhlg m;a fkd f'
fidr i;=rkag ysxid l< fkd yelafll= f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
f;,a ;nd .kakd nka msf wdksixi my
ukd rE we;af;l= f'

ukd jpk we;af;a f'
Wiia is;a we;af;a o f'
wCIsma; is;a we;af;a o f'
il,drCIdfjka wdrCIs; jQfha o f'
ffp;Hh msis lsf wdksixi

myxlr ys fmr cs;hl oej ldlfhl= f,i is fu;=ud lef,a hk g
mshqu;=r nq if.a Od;= ksoka fldg idod we;s ffp;Hfhys lef,a je jk
.%yKhg yiqj ;sfnkjd oel msis fldg wg jrla ffp;Hhg je| msgqfkdmd
.sh l=i,fhka ;;sid fof,dj bmks' uyd rka ukla o my, jqks'
;=kaish j;djla ila fo Wmkafka h' ismia j;djla ila;s rch'
ukqf,dj f mdl ,enqkd y'
uy;a fNda. im;a yeu g u ,eu'

jkhg .sfha o" ta jkh ;udg msysg f,i mej;S u'
jkfha lKq" lgq wdh ud.fhka bj;a u'
l=IaG frda.h o" .Kav" lsf,i" ueiafudr" ;csld k l=IaG frda.h o"
oo" leis,s wdh o fkd u'
iaj,am ud;% o ms<sldjla Yrfha yg fkd .ekSu'
~ 60 ~
Free Distribution
rkameyem;a isrerla ,eu'

wlue;s oE neyer f' leu;s oE t<f'
is; tl f' ukdj iud f'
l,am ,laIhla ;=< .;shg fkd jefghs'
wjidkfha Ydka; ksjka iqj ,eug o f msk WmksY%h we;snj 336 jk

wmodkfha oelaf'
blgq .=,d msf wdksixi ;=k

;a; iqLh ,ef'
ldhsl iqLhg ,dNS f'
iem bh we;af;la f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
wxilv msf wdksixi ;=k

mr is;a okakd kqjK ,ef'
fmr cS; isys lrk kqjK ,ef'
ukd i we;af;la f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
m msf wdksixi ih
iudka ys lmd fkd f'

iudfhys yqre mqre nj we;af;a f'
fkd fok msia we;af;la f'
weoysh hq;= jpk we;af;la f'
t<U is isys we;af;la f'
nh yeS we;s fkd f'
md;%d ;nk wdOdr msf wdksixi

md;% wdOdr ys fmr is nq ysg md;% wdOdrhla mqod iuka;jrK k
ila;s rc h'
Lqcq;a;rdj uyd Ou ll Wjeishla jqfKa o fmr mfia nqkag ;u wf;a
odf.k is j< wg .,jd md;% wdOdr f,i ms msk fya;=fjks' md;%h fkd
je ord isug fuh Wmldr jqKd jf.a u wehg o Ouh ord isf Yla;sh
we;s h'
ûfkdar: mQrKs wgqjdj 238 msgqj&
ms<sJjP ysg md;% wdOdr mqod wkqiia myla ,enqKs'
lsisjlska lmd fkd jk is;la ,ef'

ukdj isysh msysg;a'
Ouh ord .ekSug kqjK ,ef'
ord.;a Ouh wu;l fkd fj;a'
ukdj Ouh ksYa; f,i jegfykq ,ef'
~ 61 ~
Free Distribution
Ndck msf wdksixi

Ndckodhl ys fmr l=U,alrefjla ish oS NslaIQkag Ndck ka mskska
ila;s rc o l,am wkQ tlla iem | wjidkfha ksjka iem o ,eug th
WmksY%h we;'
ms<sJjP ysg Ndck oka fuka mdl ;=kla ,enqkd y'

yeul,a ys jkd Ndcku mfNdackhg ,ef'
m;sj; we;a;d jQ NdH_jka o" oeis oiaika o" hdk jdyk o ,efnkakd y'
oHd o" uka;h
% ka o" kdkd wd.uhka o ish Ys,am o bf.k .ekSf
Yla;sh ,ef'
;e msf wdksixi ;=k

;e hkq mska wd fkd .eUqre nka f' tajd msfuka"
fkdfhla wdldr is;=re ;,s ,ef'
jf;ys o .=Kfhys o m%;m
s ;a;sfhys o uekka mj;skafkla f'
mssis wdpdr we;af;l= f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
fnfy;a T!IO msf wdksixi

fu;a; .=;a; ys iqfO nq rcqkag .sf;,a ms mskska wg jrla ila fo
jqfKa h' mkia tla jrla ila;s rclu ,enqjd' tfiau iEu cS;hl u mdfya
wm%udK fNda.im;a ,enqjd y' wjidkfha ta msk ksjkgo WmksY%h jq nj 403
jk wmodkfha fmkajd we;'
ms<sJjP ysg fnfy;a msfuka wkqiia oyhla ,enqKd y'
>dhqI ,ef'
n,jka;fhl= f'
hh jka;fhl= f'
jK im;a ,ef'
hYia we;af;a f'
iem we;af;a f'
Wmj ke;af;a f'
wka;rd ke;af;a f'
yeu l,ays u .re lrk ,oafoa f'
m%sh mamfhda. la fkd ,ef'
~ 62 ~
Free Distribution
mdjyka msf wdksixi

Wmdykodhl ys pkaok k Y%djlhka jykafiag tl jQ is;ska kqjK
fhdod mdjyka hqj,la ms mskska l,am wkq tlla .;shlg fkd .sfha h'
^wmodk md,s 256 wmodkh&
mkdodhl ys wfkdauoiaiS nqrcdKka jykafiag mfha od is mdjyka hqj,

mqod mkia mia j;djla fofo f,djg wm;s ila foj Wmkafkah' oyia
jrla ilaa;s rch' ta mskska iir .ufka
f.fhka hd yels hdk jdyk ,enqKd'
m%ido" rka isld" jkd we;=ka wiqka o ,enqkd y'
w.% .Kfha mdjyka o ,e we;'
h msiakd jia;% msf wdksixi
rkajka meye we;af;la f'

rcia ke;af;a f'
Yrfhka kslafuk /ia we;af;a f'
f;acia we;af;a f'
isks isrerla we;af;a f'
isrefrys l=Kq fkd wef,a'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
ierh msf wdksixi

oKavodhl ys uyd ix>r;akhg WK ,Shlska yerhla fldg f mskska
l,am wkQ y;rla .;shlg fkd .sh w;r fo ksia iem u ,enqf h'
ms<sJjP ysg ierh msfuka wkqiia yhla ,enqKd y'
fndfyda mq;%hka we;af;a f'
;e;s .ekS fkd f'
yeu l,ays wkqka iska mSvd fkd l, yelafla f'
il,drCIdfjka wdrCIdj ,ef'
;a; mSvd we;s fkd f'
fnfy;a wka msf wdksixi wg
uy;a fk;a we;af;la f'

wefia iq" ly" r;= meyehka ukdfldg we;af;a f'
fkd levqkd jQ m%ido ckl weia we;af;la f'
ish frda.hkaf.ka u fkla f'
jeia ,ef'
wkqka;r jQ m%{d pCIqih ,ef'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
~ 63 ~
Free Distribution
h;=re yd h;=re fldmq msf wdksixi

h;=re ms mskska Ou oajdrh jD; lr.kakd [dKh keu;s h;=r ,ef'
h;=re fldmq fuka fl%daOh u| f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
fjfyi ke;af;la f'
m msf wdksixi my
fkd ief,k iudh we;af;a f'

iudfha jYSNdjh we;af;a f'
fkd f|k mssia we;af;a f'
yeu l,ays u Yajdi lrk l:d we;af;la f'
uy;a fNda. im;a we;af;la f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
fndau wdosh weuoSf wdksixi

ilxiucl ys miaiS nq rcqka nqug msgka mf<d,a fnda uj
weuf msfkka my; i|yka wkqiia ,enqjd y'
ksYap, jQ iud.; is;a we;af;l= f'
msis mqoa.,fhla f'
jer ke;s ksu, mqoa.,fhla f'
fYdal fkd oefka'
;a; mSvd oe,s fkd f'
l=IaG frda. fkd iEfoa'
f. frda. fkd iEfoa'
leis,s frda. fkd iEfoa'
ueiafudr fkd iEfoa'
;csld k jQ iu .e, hk l=IaG frda. fkd iEfoa'
oo frda. fkd iEfoa'
lid ierj .,k frda. fkd iEfoa'
je,mS ke;af;la f'
;e;s fkd .ks;a'
iDcq is;a we;af;la f'
meye,s is;a we;af;la f'
leu;s leu;s iudka ,ef Yla;sh ,ef'
fnda iucl ys g fmr cS;hl fndauf f.dv .eiqkq fndam;a oel

th f.k neyerg oeuq mskska wkqiia 20 la ,e we;' ta wkqj ne l,
Y%oaOdfjka ;em;a is;ska kqjK fhdod fndauj weueoao;a my; i|yka mdl
,ef'
~ 64 ~
Free Distribution
.;shg fkd je fo ksia iem ,ef'

Wiia l=,hlu bmfoa'
ukd w mi we;af;la f'
wdfrday mKdy foayhla ,ef'
msmqka wjhj we;af;la f'
YsIaG rEm im;a ,ef'
rkajka mdg foayhla ,ef'
uD fudf,dla ishla we;af;la f'
isks ishque,s cS;hla ,ef'
isref oe,s l=Kq fkd ;ejf'
wjq iq<x j,ska mSvd fkd fjhs'
isreka oyh fkd je.sf'
ldhsl udkisl frda.dndO ke;af;la f'
i;=rka ke;af;la f'
fkd wvq jQ fNda. im;a ,ef'
.skafkka" c,fhka" rcqkaf.ka" fidrekaf.ka hla fkd f'
;udf.a is; fkd ojk fiajl fialdjka ,ef'
wl,a urKhkag m;a fkd f'
ish,af,da u ;udg iem leue;af;da u fj;a'
uyd hiia we;af;a f'
wjidkfha f msk ksjkg o WmksY%h ksjka iem o f.k fokakd y'
fnfy;a fndk mhsmam msf wdksixi ;=k

kdisldf uiao wdh iE we;s .s,ka NslaIQkag fnfy;a mdkh l<dg
jrola fkd f' tjeks NslaIQkag fnfy;a fndk mhsmam msfuka
isysh iDcq f'
kyr ukd fldg inkaO we;a;jqka jkakd y'
jH fka;% ,efnkakdy he hs olajd we;'
^ms<skajP wmodkh&
uy ie<s yd lr~q msf wkqiia oyh
iEu l,ayu
s wdrCIdj we;af;a f'
iemfhka hqla; f'
uy;a hiia we;af;a f'
ishque,s f'
ish wk;=re j,ska fka f'
~ 65 ~
Free Distribution
uyd .=Kjka;fhl= f'

;% jQ uy;a ie<s yd lr~q ,ef'
we;a" wia" r:hkag ,dNs f'
h ke;af;a f'
fkd kefik fNda. im;a we;af;a f'
^ms<skajP wmodkh&
wka k, msf wdksixi y;r
ij ,CIKfhka hqla; cS;hla ,ef'

>dhqI ,ef'
kqjKe;af;la f'
il,dhdihkaf.ka u fkla fjhs'
l=vd msyshd yd f,d Wrk w~q f wdksixi

msyshd msu ksid w;=,H jq mY=oaO jQ flf,ia is|skd kqjK ,ef' w~q
msfuka flf,ia Wrk kqjK ,efnk nj wmodk md,sfha ms<sJjP
wmodkfha olajd we;'
kiH lsf WmlrK msf wdksixi wg

tk .=K Ou wglska hqla; f Yla;h
s ,efnk nj ms<skajP wmodkfha
i|yka f' ta .=K Ou k"
Y%oaOdj'
YS,h'
m lsug ,ecd we;s nj'
m lsug h we;s nj'
nyqY%e; nj'
;Hd.jka; nj'
bjiSu" m%{dj hk fjd h'
mqgq msf wdksixi

fyaaul ys mshoiaiS nqrcdKka jykafiag iDoa n,fhka rka mqgqjla ujd ka
mskska ye;a;E mia j;djla ila;s rch' fo;sia j;djla fofof,djg wm;s
ila fo h'
taldikodhl ys mshqu;=rd nqrcqkag o~q ueiai u; wdikhla mkjd ka
mskska mkia j;djla Yl% foafka im;a ,enqfh' wiQj;djla ila;s rch'
^wmodk md,s 423 jk wmdokh&
~ 66 ~
Free Distribution
taaldikodhsld f;rKsh fmr tla cS;hl meyek is;ska" ;ekam;a is;ska

kqjKska hqla;j tla ysskulg jev isug wiqkla mkjd ka mskska
wiQj;djla ila fo f.a | Wmkakd h' ye;a;E y;a j;djla ila;s
rcqka f.a fufyish jQjd h' ukqf,dj my; i|yka wkqiia ,e we;'
ys .ekSug rka wiqkla my< f'
;a; mSvd we;s fkd f'
fug m,ia wdh fndfyda ,ef'
fndfyda fNda. im;a ,ef'
Wiia l=, im;a ,ef'
ffp;isl fokdjkag m;a fkd f'
,iaik Wmhs'
;ud kdjkak" ljkak" fmdjkak" i;=gq lrkak" iqj .,ajkak fndfyda
msjr ,ef'
^taldikodhsld f: wmodkh&
wjidkfha f W;= msk ksjkg o WmksY%h we;'

g wu;rj ms<sJjP wmodkfha f mdl o fmkajd we;'
ish,a,ka f.a u f.!rjhg md;% f'

fndfyda lS;sh we;af;la f'
fuys weKq is;a we;af;la f'
fndfyda mqgq wdh iir ,ef hkqfjks'
fldg msf wdksixi ih
jkd fldg ,ef'

wdh wIaGdx.sl ud.fhys ys; t<jd iSug Yla;sh ,ef'
bkash oukfhka hqla; f'
is; iud lr.; yels f'
j;a ms<sfj;a wdpdr iudpdr .=K j,ska hq;a W;=ful= f'
s ,ef'
fndamdCIsl Ouhka yd ;%s YsCIdjka wkq.ukh lsug Yla;h
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
msre is msf wdksixi

fuyss mdl f,i fndfyda Wiia jkd mhH_dxl ,efnk nj ms<sJjP
wmodkfha oelaf'
mdmqgq msf wdksixi fol

fndfyda hdk jdyk ,efn;a'
Ndhdfjda o oeis oiaika o llrejka o ;udg uekka Wmia:dk
lrkakd y'
~ 67 ~
Free Distribution
md, ta o~q blsf wdksixi

fOda;l ys mshqu;=rd nqrcdKka jykafia m%Odk uyd ix>r;akhg md,ula
blr mQcd l< mskska my; i|yka mdl ,e we;s nj 404 wmodkfha olajd
we;a;d y'
mj;hlska fyda .ilska jefgkakg .sfha o msysg ,nhs'
i;=rkag ue`v,sh fkd yelafla f'
,efnk jia;=j fidre meyer fkd .ks;a'
wka wh wjuka fkd lr;a'
i;=re n,f. ch.; yels f'
t<suyfka .sfha o oe wfjka ;ejqfka o la fokd fkd oefka'
fo ksia fo.;sfhys leu;s m we;a jdyk my, f'
jd; f.fhka hd yels jdyk ,efn;a'
wjidkfha ksjkg o f msk WmksY% h'
we .,ajk f;,a msf wdksixi my
ksfrda.s nj ,ef'
rEm im;a ,ef'
fndfyda wdydr mdk ,efn;a'
>dhqI ,efn;a'
jyd Ouh oek .ekSug iu;a fj;a'
^ms<sJosjP wmodkh&
.sf;,a yd f;,a ^mdkh lrk& msf wdksixi

imamodhl ys qiai nqrcdKka jykafiag .sf;,a lla ms msfkka ila;s
rc we;'
ms<sJjP ysg .sf;,a yd f;,a ms msfkka wkqiia myla ,e we;a;d y'
n,jka;fhla f'
rEm im;a ,ef'
is;a i;=gq lrjk orejka ,ef'
frda. mSvd ke;af;a f'
msis cS;hla ,ef'
uqj msis lrk oE f wdksixi my

msis W.=r we;af;a f'
ys y`v we;af;a f'
ldY frda. ke;af;a f'
~ 68 ~
Free Distribution
iajdi frda. ke;af;a f'

.| fkd yuk" iqj| yuk uqj uv,la ,ef'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
wdh msf wdksixi

msfuka ldh.;d i;s Ndjkdj jeug uy;a hla ,ef' meKs mQcd
lsu w;+,H jQ wkqmu jQ uqla;s rih ,nd .ekSug fya;= f' fkdfhla ri
j. msf fya;=fjka iir Y%uK M, ri .ekSf Yla;sh ,ef' l;=re
msf fya;=fjka flf,ia is,k kqjK ,ef'
ij odkfhys wdksixi
we;a" wia" r:" mdn, hk isjqr fiakdj ks;r fyf;u msjr;a ;j o ish
wdNrKfhka irik ,o yeg oyila r:fhda yeu cS;hl u mdfya ,efn;a'
tfiau yeg oyila ;+hH_hka o uekka w,xldr lrk ,o fyayq o ;udg
i;=g f.k fokafka h' uekka w,xldr lrk ,o ihdiq oyila ^86"000& ia;S%
yq is;=re jia;%dNrK we;a;d yq m<|sk Ks flfvd,a we;a;d yq . weismsh
we;a;d yq iskd iys; jQjd yq ukd jQ Yrdjhj we;a;d yq isyska l m%foaY
we;a;d yq ksrka;rfhka u fyf;u msjrkakd yq h' fuh ij odkfhys
mdl f' l,am ;sia oyila fof,dj iem ,ef' oyia j;djla fofo
f,djg wm;s ila fo jkafka h' oyia j;djla ila;s rcj Wmkafka h'
fufia jkafka ys; ;ekam;a lrf.k Y%oaOdj Wmojdf.k kqjK fhdod ish,a,
msfuka nj wjOdrKfhka o; hq;= h'
fomdj, ika .e,af wdksixi

f;dafohH ys iqfO nqrcdKka jykafia f.a fomdj, ika .e,ajQ mskska
fndfyda wdksixi ,nd we;'
ish,a,ka iska ms<s.kakd ,o jpk we;af;la f'
fY%aIaG jQfha f'
iDcq is;a we;af;a f'
tfiau l,am is myla wefka m%Nd ys we;'
ta mskska l,am fooyia yhiShhla fof,dj iem |skak ,enqKd'
oyia jrla ila;s rch'
;=kaish j;djla ila foj Wmkakd'
fndfyda jdr m%foaY rdcHhka o ,enqKd'
wjidkfha wm nq iiqfka ksjka iqjh o wjfndaO lr .ekSug ta msk WmksY%h
jQ nj ydrish wgjk wmodkfha oelaf'
~ 69 ~
Free Distribution
u,a fKq" u,a hka wdh msf wdksixi

fKq mQcl ys miaiS nqrcqkag kdu,a fKq ms mskska fKq k ila;s rc
njg m;a jqKd' wjidkfha ksjka iemhg o th WmksY%h jqKd'
^110 jk wmodkh&
;sKiq,l ys ;siai nqrcdKka jykafiag fnda,soao u,a mqod ismia j;djla

ila foj Wmkakd y' ye;a;E mia j;djla ila;s rcj Wmkakd' wjidkfha
ksjka iqjh o ,nd.;a;d'
^413 jk wmodkh&
w;sP;a;sh ys w;a:oiaiS nqrcdKka jykafia f.a Od;= ksoka fldg ye

ffp;Hhg u,a hkla mqod l,am tlaodia y;aiShla wmd.; fkd h' t;r
ld,hla jH rdcHh o lrkak ,enqKq nj tlish y;,sia tlajk wmodkfha
olajd we;'
l= mQcdf wdksixi
k< l= odhl ys fmr kdro nqrcdKka jykafiag ng o~q j,ska l=hla
fldg mQcd l< mskska ;sia y;r j;djla ila;s rc h' wjidkfha ksjka
iem o ,enqKd y'
^wmdok md,s 499 jk wmodkh&
k<d.dl ys kdro nqysg ng ls,shla fldg ta u; ;DK w;=rd ms mskska

l,am ody;rla fof,dj iem kaod' ye;a;E y;r j;djla ila;s rch'
wjidkfha isms<sishd ,dNSj ry;a ug o ta msk WmksY%h h'
^wmodk md,s 345 wmodkh&
;sKl=odhl ys g l,am wkQ tllg fmr odifhlaj bmso ish kla

le,hg .sh gl ,S lE,s yhla f.k fol fol l;sr isk f,i ne| ta
u; ;DK w;=rd l=hla fldg uyd ix>r;akhg ms mskska"
;;sid fof,dj fo ukla my< h'

WmkQmka ;ek ;u isf;a yehg m%dido my< h'
h" ;e;s .ekS" f,duq oeye .ekS ke;af;la f'
isxy" jHd>%" j,ia" jDl" lrndkd" j,ia wd jk i;=ka ;ud hk g
mdfrka bj;a f'
imhka" N+;hka" kd.hka" l=NdKavhka rl=ika ;ud hk g ud.fhka
bj;a f'
wjidkfha wm nq iiqfka Ydka; ksjka iqjhg m;a ug ta msk fya;= jqKd'

wdjdihla fldg mQcd lsu ish,a, kakd f he hs lsxo o iQ;%fhys nqrcdKka
jykafia jodrd ;sf'
~ 70 ~
Free Distribution
Ou odkfha jkdlu
;sf,djl ;s,l jQ iud inqrcdKka jykafia inodkx Ou odkx
cskd;s he hs jodrd we;s m Ou odkuh msk ishu odkuh mskal
wNsNjkh lrk nj yd tys we;s w.h fufia o; hq;= h'
bka jkdys ilaj, .en isg fkaji[a[dkdi[a[dh;k wrEms nUf,dj
olajd w;rla ke;sj isk fia jvd ysjd nq" mfianq" uy ry;ka jykafia,dg
flfi,a nv ^f.dn& fuka w;sYhska u yq,a isks isjqre fokafka f o" ta jr
odkuh msxlug o jvd tys i;r mo .d:djlska lrk ,o Ou wkqfudaokdj
fY%aIaG f lshd h' ;j o" ;x ys odkx ;iaid .d:dh fida<isx l,x kd.a>;s
hehs tys jodrd we;s m ta ilaj, .f,a isg Njd.%h olajd w;rla ke;sj nq"
mfianq" uy ry;=ka jvd ysjd ka odkfhys mdlh i;r mo .d:djlska
wkqfudaokd nK lshd ,o mdlfhka fidf,dia l,djl= ôyifhka
fldgil& fkd j hkqfjka olajd we;' fufia nq nK mohla kuq foaYkd
lsu Y%jKh lsu uy;a M, f.k foa he hs jodrd we; '
ilaj, .en isg Njd.%h olajd w;rla ke;sj nq" mfianq" uy ry;ka
jykafia,d jvd ysjd fok ,o m%KS; msKavmd; odkhg o jvd Ou odkuh
msxlu fYa%IaG f' tfiau jvd ysjd md;% mqrjd fok ,o .sf;,a wd fnfy;a
odkhg o jvd Ou odkuh msku fYa%IAG f' tfiau uyd ydrhkag iudk
ydr o" tfiau f,dajduydmdh jeks m%didohka fkdfhla ishoyia .Kkska
lrjd fok ,o fiakdik odkhg o jvd Ou odkuh msku W;= f'
wkd: msKal isgq;=ud for fjfyr i|yd l< mkia y;r fldahl Ok
m;Hd. f;kdjg o jvd hg;a msfihska i;r mo .d:djlskq wkqfudaokd
Ou foaYkhla isflf k" Ou odkuh msxlula is flf k ta Ou
odkuh msxlu u odkuh msxl w;r w.% f" fYa%IaG f" W;= f he hs olajd
we;'
thg fya;=j k by; lS isjqre msu msKavmd; odk fikiqka blssr S wdoS
mqKH lu lrkqfha Ouh wid oek .;a neks' Ouh oek lshd .ekSug
fkd ,enqKs k le| irjl= n;a yekaol= fkd fok nj Oufha fmkajd
we;' f lreKskao Ou odkuh msxlu u ish oka mrojk nj o; hq;= h'
;j o ry;a fndafhka ksjka gq msi w;r w.;em;a iehq;a iajdka
jykafiag l,amhla uq,af,ys jisk jIdf h m%udKh lSug ;r uyd
kqjKla we;af;a h' f ;r kqjKla we;s iehq;a ysg o nK mohla oek
.ekSug fkd ,enqKs k ksjka oelSug fkd yels jkafka h' f fya;=fjka
Ou odk u h msk u ish odk u h msxl j,g jvd fYa%IaG jk nj w.% jk
nj ;:d.; iud inqrcdKka jykafia ila fog jodrkakg fhfka h'
;sirK iudodkfha jkdlu

irK.uksh ys wfkdauoiaisS nqrcdKka jykafia f.a ld,fhys ksiN
f;rekaf.ka ;sirK iudoka h' ta ys; myod f.k ;em;a is;ska ;sirK
.;a mskska wiQjdrhla ila foj Wmkafka h' ye;a;Emia jdrhla ila;s
~ 71 ~
Free Distribution
rclu ,enqfka h' f nq iiqfka y;a wjqre fha u ry;a ug o ta msk

Wmld h'
^wmodkmd,sfha 23 jk wmodkh&
m[ap iS, iudokSh ys fmr ta ksiN ys

s f.ka mkais,a iudoka jq mskska ;sia
j;djla ila fo h' ye;a;E mia j;djla ila;s rclu ,enqKd' wm nq
iiqfka Yd,d uykqjr mkais,a .ekSf u ry;a ug ta fmr msk o
WmksY%h we;'
^wmodk md,sfha 24 jk wmodkh&
hfula meyekq is;ska nqka oy i=ka irK fldg msysg fldg jdih lrhs
k ta wh wmdhg fkd hk nj fufia olajd we;'
fha fla nqoaOx irKx .;dfia k f;a .iaika;s wmdhx mydh udkqix foayx
foajldhx mmqfriaika;s
fuhska olajd ;sfnkafka nqka irK hk wh wmdhg fkd hk nj h' ta jf.a
u ;uhs Ouh o ix>hd o hfula msysg fldg irK fldg jdih lrhs k ta
who iq.;s mrdhkh f' tfia u tl ;sika if;l=g odkhla fok ,oafoa k
wd;au ishhla wdhqI" jK" iem" n," m%{djka f.k foa' tfiau uiqka urK
wkqkag mSvdlr cSj;a jk iaiS, mqyqka mqoa.,fhl=g odkhla fok ,oafoa k
wd;au Ndj odyla wdhqI" jK" iem" n," m%{djkaa f.k foa' tfiau we;s w.=K
jyk iajNdj ke;s" ke;s .=K fmkajk iajNdj ke;s" wkqka fkd fm<d
oeyefuka fifuka lDIs fj<| wd ludka; j, fh cSj;a jk mqqyq ka
is,ajf;l=g ka odkfha mdl wd;au Ndj ,laIhla wdhq" jK" iem" n,"
m%{djka f.k foa' ;j o lu M, Yajdi lrk lu jd" lsh jd lduhka
flfrys ;rd.S is;a we;s f,!lsl m[ap wNs[a[djka we;s ndysr ;dmifhl=g
fok odkfha mdl wd;au Ndj flda ,laIhla wdhqI" jK" iem" n,"
m%{djka fokakd y'
;sirK .; Wmdil flfkl=g fok odkfha mdl fumuKh lshd lsj fkd
yels h' wixfLhH wmamfuhH jYfhka ucCu ksld wgqjdf olajd we;'
thg jvd mxp iS,fhys msysfhl=g fok odk uy;a M,f' Bg;a jvd oi
iS,hl msysfhl=g fok odk uy;a M, f' Bg;a jvd j;a; imkak
NslaIqjlg fok odkh uy;a M,h' thgo jvd wrUk ,o oYkd we;s
NslaIqjlg fok ,o odkh uy;a M, f' fidajdka W;=ful=g fok odkhg o
jvd wrUk ,o oYkd we;s W;=ful=g fok odkh uy;a M, jk nj
olaKdN. wgqjdf olajd we;'
;j o f,du iq;%hg wkqj fidajdka mqoa.,hka ishhlg fok odkhg jvd tl
ilDod.d flfkl=g o ilDod.d ishfofkl=g fok odkhg jvd tla
wkd.d W;=ful=g fok odkh o wkd.d W;=uka ishfofkl=g fok odkhg
jvd tla ry;ka jykafia kulg fok odkh o ry;ka jykafia,d ishla
kulg fok odkhg jvd tla mfianq flfkl=g fok odkfha mdl
i;iyiai .=Kfhka je jkakd y' ta jdf.a u mfianqka ishhlg fok
~ 72 ~
Free Distribution
odkhg jvd tla iud inq rcdKka jykafia kulg fok odkh uy;a M,
uydksixi f' thg;a jvd nqoaO m%uqL uyd ix>r;akhg fok odkh uy;a
M, uydksixi jkakd y'
thg o jvd i;r .ska jkd uyd ix>hd Wfoid ydrhla lrjkafka k
th uy;aM, uydksixi jkakd y' thgo jvd hfula m%ikak is;ska nqoaO"
Ou" ix> hk r;ak;%h irK hd k uy;aM, f' thgo jvd hfula
meyekq is;ska ;sirK iys; mkais,a iudoka jkafka k uy;aM, uydksixi
jkakd y' thgo jvd hfula iqj|la wd>%dKh lrk ;r iq ld,hla kuq
fu;a is; m;=rjkafka k th uy;aM, uydksixi jk nj o; hq;= h' fuhg
o jvd wiqre CIKhla ;r ld,hla kuq wks;H ix{dj jvhs k uy;a M,
uydksixi jk nj f,du iq;%fha olajd we;'
iqN k ;reKhd weiQ m%Yak 14 yd ms<s;=re foiqu

mskaj;=ks ! kla iqN lshk ;reKhd nqrcdKka jykafiaf.ka m%Yak 14 la
wid ishd' tys uyd ldreKsl nqrcdKka jykafia th myod jod<d' ta wkqj"
;j;a lu mdl 14 la fufia o; hq;= fjkjd'
1. i;aj >d;kh fya;=fjka u;= cS; j, wvq jhiska urKhg m;a f'
2. i;=ka fkd ueu fya;=fjka >dhqI ,ef'
3. i;=kag ysxid mSvd lsu fya;=fjka u;= cS;j, ks;r f,v la j,ska
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
fmf,kakka f'
i;=kag ysxid mSvd fkd lsfuka ksfrda.S cS; ,ef'
fl%daO lrk wh wj,iaik Wmkakd y'
fl%daO fkd lrk wh ,iaik Wmkakd y'
BIHd lsu fya;=fjka wm%isoaO cS; ,ef'
BIHd fkd lsu fya;=fjka m%isoaO bmfoa'
oka fkd u fya;=fjka <skaoka Wm;a'
okau fya;=fjka fmdfydi;a ;ekaj, Wm;a'
udkh fya;=fjka my;a l=,j, bmfoa" fndfyda udkh we;s wh iqkLhka
f" ;rul udkh we;s wh jrka bmfoa'
Ouh oek lshd fkd f.k cSj;a jkakd wkqjK bmfoa'
Ouh oek lshd f.k cSj;a fjk wh kqjKe;a;ka bmfoa'
ksy;udkS wh Wiia l=,j, bmfoa'
^pq,a,lu Nx. iq;%h&
mkai,
s a /lSf wdksixi
is,a rlsk mskaj;=kag ,efnk wkqiia fndfyda fj;s' i;=ka uefuka je<lS
iskakdg fYaI wdksixi is;=kla ,ef' fidrl lsfuka je,lS
iskakdg fYaI wdksixi tfld<yla ,efnkakd y' lduh jrojd yeisfuka
je<lS iskakdg fYaI wdksixi oykjhla ,ef' fndre lSfuka je<lS
iskakdg fYaI wdksixi ody;rla
,ef' u;ameka mdkfhka je,lS
~ 73 ~
Free Distribution
iskakdg fYaI wdksixi ;syla ,ef' mkais,a /lSfuka u wdksixi

y;la ,efnkakd y'
wkQ
tu wdksixi fudkjd o lshd oek .ekSug w;s mQckSh freldfka pkao

a u, iajdka
jykafia f.a mqfKHdamfoaYh fmd; n,d oek .ks;j
a d'
Ndjkdksixi lSug fnfyda we;af;a kuq .%ka:h > jk neka tajd fkd
,sh' oka fuka fumuK wkqiia f.k foa k nq iiqfka l, yels by< u
msxl jQ Ndjkdjka is lf,d;a fudk ;r wdksixi ,nd .; yelafla oe hs
kqjKska is;d i;=ka f W;= l=i, Ouj, fhfo;ajd ! mskaj;=ks" ud
fuf;la ,shQ > ia;rfhka Tng lshkakg n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfka ys;
yodf.k is lrk l=vd kuq msxlu uy;a iem mdl f.k fok nj h'
tneka f Ou .%ka:h lshjk i;amqreIhka meyekq is;ska u mskal
lr;ajd !
i;amqreIfhks !
Tn lsisfjl= fkd fjfyik uq f,djla ikik oE;la we;af;l= jkak'
tnu wysxidjd fomd hq.auhla we;af;l= jkak" ;u fofk;ska wkqka fkd
rjgkak" wkqka fkd ojkak" uq f,djla ikik fofk;la we;a;l= jkak'
Tn foijk fkd ug fkd fhdojkak" iqug fhdojkak" lh ixjr
lr.kak' ks;ru Tn l:d lrk jpk ksjer oehs is;kak' wkqka ojd la
;udg lsis iemhla ,eh fkd yels nj is;kak' hym;a jQ ieu is;a ksjk
ikik jpk u l:d lrkak" Tn is; fkd ug fkd fhdokak" iqug
fhdokak' Ydka; jQ ixjr jQ ixiskd jQ iqjm;a jQ ukila we;a;l= jkak'
lsis lsis k my;a is;=,s fkd is;kak'
mskaj;=ks ! u,la jqk;a meyeh muKla ;snqKdg u' oi; me;sfrk iqj| o
;su jeo.;a' tfiau Tn o ,iaik iqj|j;a u,la jf.a .=Kfhka kqjKska
fy ksil= jkak' mskaj;=ks ! f f,dalfha .ia fld<ka ;snqKg ika .ia
fndfyd u wvqhs' tfia u fkdfhla mdIdK we;;a ueKsla .,a fndfyd u wvqhs'
we;=ka ysh;a .c uq;= ;sfnk we;=ka fndfyd u wvqhs'
mskaj;=ks ! f jf.a ;uhs" f,dalfha ksiqka ishg l< .=K okak my;a jev
fkd lrk wkqkag la fkd fok yekq is;la we;s ksiqka fndfyd u wvqhs'
i;amqreIhsks ! Tn .ia w;r ika .ila jf.a" we;=ka w;r .cuq;= ;sfnk
wef;la jf.a" uqjka w;r lia;=rs ;sfnk uqfjla jf.a" mdIdK w;r nenf<k
ueKslla jf.a" .=Kfhka kqjKska hq;= wkqkag la fkd fok id ckhd f.a
wdor f.!rjhg ,la jQ udkj ys;jd ohdkqlms; ksil= jkak wIaGdk
lr.kak'
ieufokdg u iud inq irKhs' !
" rx ;sG;= ioaOfuda - iud inqoaO Ydikx

i;x iud.fuda fyda;h
= dj ksndk m;a;h
s d"
~ 74 ~
Free Distribution

KARMA VIPAKA E - Version-Www - Buddhistvision

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~i~

Ou odkh msKsi fkdf,a fnodyeu i|yd uqKh lrk ,s'

Please note : THE TABLE OF CONTENTS of this book is located

ksia f,dj mdl ka mQj lu

imamodi ys Wlg,S jQfha uyKlu tmd jQfha wehs @

uqka o msgjk rEu;sh

ksh lmk w msf wdksixi my

fuu .%ka:fha jkdlu wjfndaO lr .;a wm iska

ialkaOhkaf.a o Od;+kaf.a o wdh;khkaf.a o mrmrd jYfhka fkd is

ixidrfha wdhq ld,h ^ fmq,a, iQ;%h &

mrudhqI ukqIHh jir

wixLH l,am 04 = uyd l,amh 01

wdhq ld,h wixLH l,amhlska 1$3 ls

wdhq ld,h uyd l,am 02

wdhq ld,h uyd l,am 16

wdhq ld,h uyd l,am 500

l,amhla lshkafka fldmuK .= ld, mrdihlg o @

:Hd oDIafha M, mdlhka

Y%oaOdj we;slr .ekSug k

tl tl foaj,a woykjd' kuq;a ta woyk fndfyda foaj,a j,g mokula kE'

wkka; wmudK wiS; wkaf;Hh .=Kfhka hqla; jQ il,

luh hkq l=ula o@

Wmka i;ajhka .sksh jQ

2. ld,iq;% krlh ( fuys Wmka i;ajhka .sksh jQ hu fmdf<df fmr<d"

ks rcq gq ksrhka yd tys hEug fya;=jk lu

je iqka jQ ysia we;sj ihkh flfr;a he hs" wgqjdjg o wkqj w: f;are

olajka yeisfr hs' ks r[af[da mK wdhq fha:kksrh oiaikiai

fma%; jia;= l:d lsysmhla

rkajka .;la yd ;sika uqjla ,o iQLr uqL fma%; jia;=j

fla<d lSf nrm;, lu

fndre lshd jqrd .e,jqk Wmdisldj

iehdg l< Ydmh rs|g |jkak jQ l:dj

hym;a orejdg Ydm l< whym;a ujg jQ mdlh

l+g fjf<kaodg yd umshkag myr kakkag jk mdl

lrhs' fuh gq uq.,ka uy ry;ka jykafia wiQ lk fma%;shf.ka f;dms

fouy,a,ka f.a lanr l:dj

?g foiem ojd,g wmdl ^.oaol fma%; jia;=j&

jer f,i ksYaph lsf mdl

is fkd l< neka o ;udf.a u msfgys uia ;ud u wkqNj lrkafkl= jQ nj

nqka mqog f.k hk u,a iqj| je<elaf mdl

ysjg l< jrka f.kka mdlh

wOujdka yd tla is,aj;=kag mNj fkd lrkq

idr rcq f.a 84000 la {d;Ska fma%;fhda ug fya;=j

lh jpkh wixjr f mdlh

mreI jpk nyq, f,i lS mqoa.,hkag ukqf,dj wukdm jQ lgql jQ

uiqre Ou mfyys wre mdl

ksia f,dj mdl ka mQj lu

mskaj;aks ! wog o iudcfha kQ.;=ka we;' f ry;a yskulg ys lsfuka

plaLqmd, yshka f.a fofk;a wkaOug fya;=j

fofk;a iyuq,ska u wkaO h' tu wl=i,h fndfyda jdr .Kkla mdl f

idr rcq f.a ll=,a m,d Kq oeug fya;=j

ys jQ ku li< f.dvlg ouk ,o wirK ore cS;hl fYdaldl+, l:dj

foudmshka iska w;yerod .sh f>dail isgq

idudj;sh we;= 500 la ia;%k

mQ;s.;a; ;siai ys f.a isrer l=Kq la |Sug fya;=j

fidafrhHl isgq f.a woaN+; luh

imamodi ys khl= f.a lf w;oud o kd.hd oIaG fkd lsug fya;=j

imamodi ys Wlg,S jQfha uyKlu tmd jQfha wehs @

kdlhd f.a |g uqyqfoa .s,S uefrkak jQfha wehs @

.sksf.k oejqkq lmqgd f.a l:dj

NslaIQka y;a kula .,a f,kl isr la |s l:dj

,o im;a mfNda. lsug jdikdjla ke;s wmqka;l isgq