FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING Volume Two Valix and Peralta 2008 Edition SOLUTION MANUAL 1 CHAPTER 1

Problem 1-1 Problem 1-2 Problem 1-5 1. A 6. A 2. D 7. A 3. A 8. C 4. C 9. B 5. A 10. B Problem 1-6 Accounts payable 3,000,000 Deposits and advances 2,000,000 from customers 500,000 Notes payable 4,000,000 Credit balances in 300,000 customers accounts 1,000,000 Serial bonds payable 100,000 Accrued interest on bonds payable 600,000 Provision for tax 700,000 1,000,000 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. C Problem 1-3 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D Problem 1-4 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A Problem 1-7 Note payable trade Note payable bank 250,000 1,000,000 Note payable officers Accounts payable trade Bank overdraft 200,000 1,000,000 150,000 Dividends payable Withholding tax payable Income tax payable 800,000 Estimated warranty liability Estimated damages payable 1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. B

assessment 900,000 Unearned rent income 200,000 Total current liabilities 14,100,000 Problem 1-8

300,000 100,000 4,000,000

Accrued liabilities Estimated premium liability Total current liabilities

Accounts payable (500,000 + 100,000) 600,000 Accrued liabilities 50,000 Note payable - refinanced 1,000,000 Note payable due May 1, 2009 800,000 Total current liabilities 2,450,000 Noncurrent liabilitiy: Bonds payable, due December 31, 2010 2,000,000

2
Problem 1-9 a. Current liabilities: Note payable bank 700,000 Note payable shareholder Less: Discount on note payable 1,887,000 Accrued interest payable 189,000 Total current liabilities 2,776,000

2,000,000 113,000

b. Note payable bank: January 1 April 1, 2008 (2,800,000 x 12% x 3/12) 84,000 April 1 December 31, 2008 (2,100,000 x 12% x 9/12) 189,000 273,000 Note payable shareholder: Amortization of discount from July 1 December 31, 2008 (226,000 x 6/12) 113,000

Total interest expense 386,000 Problem 1-10 1. Current liabilities: Accounts payable Note payable bank Accrued expenses 23,000,000 Noncurrent liabilities: Mortgage payable Note payable due 2010 7,000,000 Total liabilities 30,000,000 7,000,000 12,000,000 4,000,000

4,000,000 3,000,000

2. The note payable to bank is paid from the proceeds of the issuance of share
capital of P4,000,000 on January 31, 2009 and the availment of a financing agreement on February 15, 2009 with a financially capable commercial bank on April 1, 2009 in the amount of P3,000,000. Nevertheless, the note payable should continue to be classified as current. Problem 1-11 Answer B Note payable, September 1, 2007 1,800,000 Less: Payment on September 1, 2008 600,000 Balance, September 1, 2008 1,200,000

3
Accrued interest payable from September 1 to December 31, 2008 (1,200,000 x 12% x 4/12) 48,000 Problem 1-12 Answer A Note payable, October 1, 2007 1,200,000 Less: Payment on October 1, 2008 400,000

Balance, October 1, 2008 800,000 Interest paid from January 1 to September 30, 2008 (1,200,000 x 15% x 9/12) 135,000 Interest accrued from October 1 to December 31, 2008 (800,000 x 15% x 3/12) 30,000 Interest expense for 2008 165,000 Problem 1-13 Answer A January 1 October 31, 2008 (500,000 x 12% x 10/12) 50,000 February 1 July 31, 2008 (1,500,000 x 12% x 6/12) May 1 December 31, 2008 (800,000 x 12% x 8/12) Total interest expense of 2008 Less: Recorded interest expense Understatement of interest expense Problem 1-14 Answer C Accrued interest from March 1, 2007 to February 28, 2008 (1,000,000 x 12%) 120,000 Accrued interest from March 1 to December 31, 2008 (1,000,000 + 120,000 x 12% x 10/12) 112,000 Total accrued interest payable, December 31, 2008

90,000 64,000 204,000 150,000 54,000

232,000

If the interest is compounded annually, it means that the accrued interest for one year will also earn interest. Problem 1-15 Answer B 12% note payable refinanced 5,000,000

4
Problem 1-16 Answer A Accounts payable 6,500,000

Note payable bank 3,000,000 Interest payable 150,000 Mortgage note payable 2,000,000 Bonds payable 4,000,000 15,650,000 Problem 1-17 Answer A 6% Note payable 500,000 8% Note payable 800,000 Total current liabilities 1,300,000 PAS 1, paragraph 63, provides that an entity shall classify its financial liabilities as current when they are due to be settled within twelve months after balance sheet date even if an agreement to refinance or reschedule payment on a long-term basis is completed after balance sheet date and before the financial statements are authorized for issue. Problem 1-18 2008 1. Cash Sales 3,600,000 2. Premiums Cash 390,000 3. Cash (5,000 x 10) Premium expense (5,000 x 40) Premiums (5,000 x 50) 250,000 4. Premium expense (5,000 x 20) Cash 100,000 5. Premium expense (2,000 x 60) 3,600,000

390,000

50,000 200,000 100,000

120,000

Estimated premiums payable 120,000

5
2009 1. Estimated premiums payable Premium expense 120,000 Reversing entry. Cash Sales 4,200,000 2. Premiums Cash 580,000 3. Cash (9,000 x 10) Premium expense (9,000 x 40) Premiums (9,000 x 50) 450,000 4. Premium expense (9,000 x 20) Cash 180,000 5. Premium expense (3,000 x 60) Estimated premiums payable 180,000 Problem 1-19 1. Cash (400,000 x 9) Sales 3,600,000 2. Premiums Cash 900,000 3. Premium expense 3,600,000 120,000

4,200,000

580,000

90,000 360,000

180,000

180,000

900,000

30,000

Cash 30,000 4. Cash (8,000 x 5) Premium expense (8,000 x 85) Premiums (8,000 x 90) 720,000 5. Premium expense (2,000 x 85) Estimated premiums payable 170,000 Bottle caps to be redeemed (25% x 400,000) 100,000 Less: Bottle caps redeemed (8,000 pens x 10) 80,000 Bottle caps outstanding 20,000 40,000 680,000

170,000

6
Premiums to be distributed on the balance of bottle caps (20,000 /10) 2,000 6. Premium expense Cash (30 x 5,000) 150,000 Problem 1-20 2008 1. Cash Sales 2,500,000 2. Premiums - towels Cash 175,000 3. Cash (1,000 x 20) Premiums expense Premiums towels (1,000 x 100) 100,000 4. Premium expense (1,000 X 5) 2,500,000 150,000

175,000

20,000 80,000

5,000

Cash 5,000 5. Premium expense Estimated premiums payable (600 X 85) 51,000 2009 1. Estimated premiums payable Premium expense 51,000 Cash Sales 3,125,000 2. Premiums - towels Cash 200,000 3. Cash (1,800 x 20) Premiums expense Premiums towels (1,800 x 100) 180,000 4. Premium expense (1,800 X 5) Cash 51,000

51,000

3,125,000

200,000

36,000 144,000

9,000 9,000

7
5. Premium expense Estimated premiums payable (800 X 85) 68,000 Statement classification 2008 Current asset: Premiums towels Current liability: Estimated premiums payable Selling expense: Premium expense Problem 1-21 Answer B 75,000 51,000 136,000 2009 95,000 68,000 170,000 68,000

Problem 1-22 Answer D

Coupons to be redeemed (160,000 x 60%) 20,000 Less: Coupons redeemed 15,000 Balance 5,000

96,000 40,000 56,000

Premiums to be distributed (250,000 x 80% / 10) Premiums distributed Balance Premium liability (5,000 x 100) 500,000

Number of premiums (56,000 / 5) 11,200 Amount of liability (11,200 x 20) 224,000 Problem 1-23 Answer B

Problem 1-24 Answer B

Premiums distributed in 2009 5,500 Coupons to be redeemed Estimated premiums in 2009 500 80% x 500,000) 400,000 Total 6,000 Less: Coupons redeemed 300,000 Less: Estimated premiums in 2008 200 Coupons outstanding 100,000 Premiums applicable to 2009 5,800 Liability for unredeemed Premium expense (5,800 x 60) 348,000 coupons (100,000 x 15) 1,500,000 Problem 1-25 Answer C Total coupons issued and to be redeemed (600,000 x 70% x 110%) 462,000 Less: Total payments to retailer Liability for underdeemed coupons 12/31/2008

220,000 242,000

8
Problem 1-26 Accrual approach 2008 1. Cash (300 x 15,000) Sales 4,500,000 2. Warranty expense 4,500,000 144,000

Estimated warranty liability (60% x 300 = 180 x 800) 144,000 3. Estimated warranty liability Cash 40,000 40,000

2009 1. Cash (500 x 15,000) 7,500,000 Sales 7,500,000 2. Warranty expense 240,000 Estimated warranty liability (60% x 500 = 300 x 800) 240,000 3. Estimated warranty liability Cash 150,000 Expense as incurred approach 2008 1. Cash Sales 4,500,000 2. Warranty expense Cash 40,000 2009 1. Cash Sales 7,500,000 2. Warranty expense Cash 150,000 4,500,000 150,000

40,000

7,500,000

150,000

9
Problem 1-27 Accrual approach 2008

1. Cash Sales 5,000,000 2. Warranty expense Estimated warranty liability (14% x 5,000,000) 700,000 3. Estimated warranty liability Cash 2009 1. Cash Sales 9,000,000 2. Warranty expense Estimated warranty liability (14% x 9,000,000) 1,260,000 3. Estimated warranty liability Cash 900,000 Expense approach 2008 1. Cash Sales 5,000,000 2. Warranty expense Cash 390,000 2009 1. Cash Sales 9,000,000 2. Warranty expense Cash 900,000

5,000,000 700,000

390,000 390,000 9,000,000 1,260,000

900,000

5,000,000

390,000

9,000,000

900,000

10
Problem 1-28 Units sold: October 32,000 November 28,000 December 40,000 Total 100,000 Multiply by 2% Total failures expected 2,000 Less: Failures already recorded: October sales November sales December sales Expected future failures Multiply by Estimated cost Warranty expense Estimated warranty liability 123,000 Problem 1-29 Answer D Warranty expense (2,400 x 300) Problem 1-30 Answer C Warranty expense (3,000 x 80) 240,000 Less: Actual warranty cost 70,000 Warranty liabilityJune 30, 2008 170,000 Problem 1-32 Answer B Warranty expense: 2008 (5,000,000 x 7%) 2009 (7,000,000 x 7%) Warranty costs: 350,000 490,000 840,000

640 360 180

1,180 820 150 123,000

123,000

720,000 Problem 1-31 Answer A Warranty expense (5% x 5,000,000) 250,000

2008 2009 Warranty liability December 31, 2009

100,000 300,000

400,000 440,000

11
Problem 1-33 Answer A Net sales (640,000 / 8%) 8,000,000 Problem 1-34 Answer A Normal defect (500 x P10,000 x 25%) 1,250,000 Significant defect (500 x P30,000 x 15%) 2,250,000 3,500,000 Problem 1-35 1. Cash Gift certificates payable 500,000 2. Gift certificates payable Sales 400,000 3. Gift certificates payable Forfeited gift certificates (8% x 500,000) 40,000 Problem 1-36 1. Cash Gift certificates payable 900,000 2. Gift certificates payable Sales 780,000 3. Gift certificates payable 900,000 500,000

400,000

40,000

780,000

40,000

Forfeited gift certificates 40,000 Unearned revenue January 1 260,000 Add: Gift certificates sold 900,000 Total 1,160,000 Less: Gift certificates redeemed Expired gift certificates 820,000 Unearned revenue December 31 340,000

780,000 40,000

12
Problem 1-37 Answer C Unearned revenue January 1 650,000 Add: Gift certificates sold 2,250,000 Total 2,900,000 Less: Gift certificates redeemed Expired gift certificates 2,050,000 Unearned revenue December 31 850,000 Problem 1-38 Answer D 2008 Sales of gift certificates (2,500,000 x 90%) 2,250,000 Less: 2007 Redemption of current year sales 1,750,000 Unearned revenue December 31, 2008 500,000

1,950,000 100,000

Unredeemed January 1, 2008 750,000 Less: 2008 Redemption of prior year sales 250,000 Expired gift certificates 500,000 Problem 1-39 Answer D 1. Cash Unearned service contract revenue 980,000 Service contract expense Cash 520,000 Unearned service contract revenue Service contract revenue 860,000 2. Unearned revenue January 1 600,000 Cash receipts from contracts sold 980,000 Total 1,580,000 Less: Service revenue recognized 860,000 Unearned revenue December 31 720,000 980,000

520,000

860,000

13
Problem 1-40 Answer B Outstanding contracts on December 31, 2008 that will expire during 2009 150,000

2010 225,000 2011 100,000 Unearned service contract revenue 475,000 Problem 1-41 Answer A The entire amount of P720,000 will be considered deferred revenue on December 31, 2008 because the subscriptions start with the January 2009 issue. Problem 1-42 Answer A Monthly subscriptions (7,200,000 / 12) 600,000 The subscriptions after the September 30 cut-off are: October 600,000 November 600,000 December 600,000 Total unearned subscription revenue December 31, 2008 1,800,000 The above subscriptions will be served in the next publication in 2009. Problem 1-43 Answer C Subscriptions received in 2008 that will expire in 2010 125,000 Subscriptions received in 2009 that will expire in 2010 200,000 Subscriptions received in 2009 that will expire in 2011 140,000 Unearned subscription revenue December 31, 2009 465,000 Problem 1-44 Answer B Liability for refundable deposit January 1 150,000 Deposits made in 2008 (100,000 x 5) 500,000

Total 650,000 Less: Deposits refunded in 2008 (110,000 x 5) 550,000 Balance December 31(current liability) 100,000 The lease deposit is a noncurrent liability.

14
Problem 1-45 Answer C Advances January 1 1,180,000 Advances received Total 3,020,000 Advances applied (1,640,000) Advances canceled Advances December 31 Problem 1-46 Answer B B B B + .10B 1.10B B B = = = = = = .10 (1,650,000 B) 165,000 - .10B 165,000 165,000 165,000 / 1.10 150,000

1,840,000

( 500,000) 880,000

Problem 1-47 Answer A Income after bonus and tax (260,000 / 10%) 2,600,000 Income before tax (2,600,000 / 65%) 4,000,000 Income before bonus and tax (4,000,000 + 260,000) 4,260,000 Proof Income before bonus and tax 4,260,000 Less: Bonus 260,000

Income before tax 4,000,000 Less: Tax (35% x 4,000,000) 1,400,000 Income after bonus and tax 2,600,000 Problem 1-48 Answer B B = .05 (5,000,000 B T) T = .35 (5,000,000 B) B = .05 [5,000,000 B - .35 (5,000,000 B)] B = .05 (5,000,000 B - 1,750,000 + .35B) B = 250,000 .05B - 87,500 + .0175B B + .05B - .0175B = 250,000 87,500 1.0325B = 162,500 B = 162,500 / 1.0325 B = 157,385

15
T = .35 (5,000,000 157,385) T = 1,694,915 Proof of bonus B = .05 (5,000,000 157,385 1,694,915) B = 157,385 Problem 1-49 1. Cash Containers deposit 390,000 Containers deposit Cash 313,000 Containers deposit Containers 390,000

313,000

30,000 30,000

Containers deposit on January 1, 2008 applicable to 2006 deliveries Less: Containers returned in 2008 applicable to 2006 deliveries Balance expired and no longer refundable

75,000 45,000 30,000

2. Containers deposit January 1, 2008 290,000 Add: Containers deposit in 2008 Total Less: Containers returned in 2008 Containers not returned and expired Containers deposit December 31, 2008 Problem 1-50

390,000 680,000 313,000 30,000 343,000 337,000

1. Only a disclosure is necessary because it is not probable that the company will be liable, although the amount can be measured reliably. 2. Retained earnings Estimated liability for income tax 3. Accounts receivable Sunset Loss on guaranty Note payable bank 200,000 200,000 120,000 80,000 200,000

16
Problem 1-51 1. Unearned subscription revenue Subscription revenue (3,000,000 2,300,000) 700,000 2. Loss on damages Estimated liability for damages 1,500,000 3. Loss on damages Estimated liability for damages 1,000,000 Problem 1-52 Answer A The probable loss is recorded but the possible loss is only disclosed. ` Problem 1-53 Answer C The best estimate is recorded. The accepted BIR offer is not recorded because it was made after the statements are issued. 700,000

1,500,000

1,000,000

Problem 1-54 Answer D The provision should be accrued because it is probable and measurable. The accrued amount is P350,000 which is the midpoint of the range in the absence of the best estimate within the range. Problem 1-55 Answer D The contingent asset is disclosed only because the case is unresolved on December 31, 2008. The issue is what amount of asset will be disclosed. Since the case is settled in March 2009 after the issuance of the 2008 financial statements, the amount P1,500,000 should be disclosed. However, if the case is settled before the issuance of the statements, the actual award of P1,000,000 should be disclosed. Problem 1-56 Answer A Haze can report a gain of P1,500,000 in its 2008 income statement because this amount is already settled on December 31, 2008. However, the remainder of P3,000,000 is only disclosed because the defendant has appealed the said amount.

1 7
Problem 1-57 Answer A The loss on the first lawsuit is both probable and measurable and therefore can be accrued as a provision. Problem 1-58 Answer B Environmental cost 500,000 Litigation cost 300,000 Total accrued liability 800,000 Both are accrued as provision because the loss is probable and measurable. Problem 1-59 Answer D

Assessment on appeal (50% x 1,600,000) 800,000 Environmental cost 1,500,000 Total provision 2,300,000 The loss from the guaranty is not accrued because it is remote.