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In the project specification or datasheet, usually the solenoid valve is specified as in size. Why it should be ? Why it doesnt 3/8, , 1 etc? Actually, when the project specification mentioned that the solenoid valve shall be , its ok, but the shutdown
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2/22/2013
Solenoid Valve Sizing for Shutdown Valve Actuator : Instrumentation and Process Control Page 2 of 7
valve vendor shall confirm. Why? Cause the solenoid valve has a certain Cv. This Cv will determine how much the instrument air can be delivered to the actuator with a certain pressure (usually minimum instrument air pressure goes to valve is 80 psig). So the actuator air consumption is the key factor to determine the solenoid valve size. The bigger the actuator, it may lead to a bigger solenoid valve too. So lets derived the actuator air consumption first and then calculate the required Cv to select the right solenoid valves size. Calculation of Shutdown Valves Actuator Air Consumption Vs = Area (in2) x Stroke (in) Vs = . (in3) Divide by stroking time to get the volumetric flow rate, Q = Vs (in3) / t (second) Q = Vs (in3) / (t / 60) minute Q = . (in3/minute) Convert to cubic feet per minute, Q = ( (Vs (in3) * 0.000578704 (ft3/in3) ) / (t/60) minute Q = ..(ft3 / minute) Q = CFM (cubic feet per minute) Convert to standard condition, Q = CFM * (P actual / P standard) * (T standard / T actual) Q = CFM * ((14.7 + Ps)/14.7) * (520 / (460+T)) Q = SCFM (Standard Cubic Feet per Minute) Where, 14.7 = absolute atmospheric pressure (in psia) 520 = standard conditions in Rankine (60 Fahrenheit = 520 R) Ps = gauge pressure of instrument air (psig) T = temperature of instrument air (F) Now lets determine the required Cv with the following formula provided by solenoid valve vendors. Cv = Q / ( (Differential pressure*Po/((460 + T)*SG))^0.5 * 22.5) Where,
http://instrumentation.web.id/?p=468
2/22/2013
Solenoid Valve Sizing for Shutdown Valve Actuator : Instrumentation and Process Control Page 3 of 7
SG = specific gravity of instrument air = 1 T = 100 F (assumption of typical instrument air temperatures) Po = Outlet pressure (psia) Then we can calculate the solenoid valve Cv as follows: Cv = Q / ( (Differential pressure*Po/560)^0.5 * 22.5) Case example, A shutdown valve 16 size ANSI Class 600, with the following selected actuator data: Vs = Area (in2) x Stroke (in) = 1318 in3 (taken from vendor catalogue) Required Stroking time = 16 second Q = 1318 in3 / (16/60 minute) Q = 4942.5 in3/minute Q = 4942.5 in3/minute * 0.000578704 ft3/in3 Q = 2.860245 ft3/minute Q = 2.860245 * ((14.7 + 80)/14.7) * (520 / (460+100)) Q = 17.11 SCFM Cv = 17.11 / ( (5*94.7/560)^0.5 * 22.5) Cv = 0.82699239 So the required Cv is 0.827. Select the solenoid valve size based on the vendor published catalogue below (Cv data from Versa). Solenoid Valve size 1/4 1 1 Cv 1.8 4.0 11.1 14.9
From the table above we could select the solenoid valve size required for this application is inch only. Conclusion,
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2/22/2013
Solenoid Valve Sizing for Shutdown Valve Actuator : Instrumentation and Process Control Page 4 of 7
For most application, solenoid valve is enough to chatter the actuator instrument air consumption. So as default we could specify the solenoid valve size as in the shutdown valve datasheet. But the vendor of shutdown valve shall confirm this size per their actuator selection.
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Instrument and Control Engineering for Process Industries
http://instrumentationportal.com/2011/instrument-insight/instrument-air-consumption-calc... 2/22/2013
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Shutdown valve and Blowdown valve only require instrument air when they predominantly during start up after shutdown, so it is considered intermitte assume that only some number of valve are working simultaneously. It could will operate simultaneously for normal air demand calculation. Peak air demand From total number of control valve, 70% of control valve operates in stable cond air consumption only, while 30% is in unstable condition hence requires transie Shutdown valve / Blowdown Valve Lets say 100% of the valve will operate simultaneously for normal air demand c *Note that the number of percentage state here is assumption only and may diff Vendor data The next step is to gather data from vendor / manufacturer catalog which provid consumption. The following is data taken from catalog: Control valve in stable condition 0.3 scfm Control valve in unstable condition 7 scfm For actuated valve, the instrument air consumption depends on size of actuator obtained from vendor catalog. The required opening or closing time of the main consumption rate. Calculation For instrument air consumption calculation, simply multiply the number of valv consumption data, then sum for all instruments. Do the calculation tabulation f condition. In addition, other package which requires instrument air shall also be
http://instrumentationportal.com/2011/instrument-insight/instrument-air-consumption-calc... 2/22/2013
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