UITM SERI ISKANDAR KAMPUS SERI ISKANDAR

REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

TABLE OF CONTENT

NO. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

CONTENTS Acknowledgement Introduction Project Title Location Project Background Consultant and Their Roles Contractors and Their Roles Type of Contract Used Construction Problems Contractual Problems Students Analysis Conclusion References

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah, the most Gracious, the most Compassionate. First of all, my thanks and gratitude should be dedicated to Allah S.W.T as He has given me the opportunity to complete this report just in time as without his consent I may not be able to do so. During the whole 4 months of industrial training, I have learnt a lot and the main objective of industrial training had been achieved which was to expose students with the current quantity surveying practices. Secondly, I would like to thank AZM Perunding Ukur Bahan for they have given me the ultimate experience of working environment in a quantity surveying firm which this experience will give an early insight of my future profession. Other than the experience, AZM Perunding Ukur Bahans staffs including Administration and Quantity Surveyor Department also have given me all the information and guidance which was essential in completing this report. Not to be forgotten, my thanks are also for Cik Teh Zahariah binti Nasarudin whom acted as my Industrial Training Supervisor during my training has given me the perfect guidance, advices and opinions on any enquiries and doubt given by me. Time and spaces which has been spent while giving me helps and guidance are guaranteed to be very much appreciated. Lastly I would like to thank my parents and fellow friends which have helped directly and indirectly during industrial training in completing this report. They have given me genuine moral and material support along the way in completing this report. Again, thank you to all parties that have contributed and helped in completing this report.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

1.0 INTRODUCTION Industrial training or formerly known as practical training is one of the requirements needed to be fulfilled by Diploma students. One must complete minimum 17 weeks of industrial training period in order to achieve the objectives of the training. In those weeks, a student will be able to obtain new experience and set of skills such as managerial and technical skills in real work situations. Eventually, this will allow students to enhance career knowledge and early exposure of professional training to equate with current practice. The objectives of preparing the reports are to provide an opportunity for students to interact and coordinate with the various parties involved in the construction team. This report will also provide an opportunity for the students to conduct a small-scaled survey and investigation on a particular area of interact and the capability to prepare a systematic structured technical report. Report A: Project Report is one of three reports which are essential for industrial training students to complete and submit to assigned lecturer. This report is divided into two types; pre-contract and post-contract project and the option chosen by the student is depends on the firm or organization the students are attached to. The main source of the chosen project is from the firm itself and it has already been given consent from the superior quantity surveyor of the firm.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

2.0 PROJECT TITLE

Cadangan Membina dan Menyiapakn Sebuah Sekolah Kebangsaan (S.K) Simpai yang Mengandungi 12 Bilik Darjah dan Kemudahan Lain di atas Lot 4570, Mukim Bebar, Daerah Pekan Pahang Darul Makmur. (Contract No.: KP/BP/PEM/177/2009)

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FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

3.0 LOCATION This project is located in the rural area of Pahang state which is called Kampung Simpai on Lot 4510 and the populations of this location is mainly made up of native people (orang asli). Other than that, there are few of the FELDA employees whom occupy this area who is possible to be from the native itself. The estimated number of family living in Kampung Simpai are approximately 50 number of families and this estimation is based on the schools ability to accommodate 400 students at a time. The population of Kampung Simpai may be increased 10% to 20% in 10 years time only because it is located far from the main city and there is no nearby or proposed plantation that would help to increase the population of Kampung Simpai and Lot 4510 is an ex-palm oil plantation and the terrain of this lot was filled with 1000 palm oil tree.

Figure 1 Map of Kampung Simpai

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

4.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND This project is a government project and Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia (KPM) is the main client. This project is located in Mukim Bebar which is in rural area and far from Pekan, Pahang, its main city. This project has been completed and already been handed to the client for occupancy. The former date of site possession was on 24th November 2009 and original estimated of completion was 72 weeks which will be on 27th March 2011. But then, complications had occurred in the matter of site possession and as a result both dates had to be postponed; new date of site possession is 19th July 2010 and it is completed on 4th December 2011. The contract sum for this project is eleven million nine hundred ninety-three thousand eight hundred ninety-two ringgit ninety-seven sen and this sum has been agreed, subjected to the terms, conditions and agreements which can be found in the tender document and Letter of Acceptance. The performance bond of this contract is 5% from the contract sum which is RM 599,694.64 and the public liability insurance policy (the value of insurance prepared for any disaster to persons and damage to property) value is not less than RM 500,000.00.

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REPORT A PLANNING AND SURVEYING

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE,

Client (Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia)

Consultants

Architects (Zafa Architects)

Civil and Structural Engineers (Railplan Consultants Sdn. Bhd.)

Mechanical Electrical Engineers ME Group Consultancy S/B

Main Contractor (Saka-Aki Sdn. Bhd.) Construction Supervisor Team

Resident Engineer (Railplan Consultants Sdn. Bhd.)

COW (Architect)

COW (Civil and Structural)

COW (Mechanical and Electrical)

Figure 2 Organization chart of parties involved in the project

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

6.0 CONSULTANTS AND THEIR ROLES 6.1 Architects Name of Company Address of Company Phone No. Fax No. E-mail address Architect in Charge : Zafa Architects : 24, Jalan Pahang Barat, 53000 Kuala Lumpur. :03-4023 9971 : 03-4022 9285 : zafa.architects@gmail.com : Ar. Farid Basheer bin Othman

Zafa Architects is the leader of this project. Zafa Architects will monitor type of works done on the site and evaluate the quality of the work carried out by the contractor so that it will meet clients satisfaction. Furthermore, Architect is also responsible for making sure all consultants carried out their roles correctly and according to clients need. Architect is also the representative of the client regarding on matters like variation order; whether the client wish to omit or add specification of the building and costing. Architect will act as the middle party between client and consultants when there is a need to obtain official agreement from the client on matters such as amount payments, change of works and specification of the building. Zafa Architects also responsible to call out meetings when there is a need to do so or ordered by the client himself.

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FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

6.2 Civil and Structural Engineer Name of Company : Railplan Consultant Sdn. Bhd. : No. 54, Tingkat 1, Wisma Commerce Life, Address of Company Jalan Gambut, 25 000 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur Phone No. Fax No. E-mail address Architect in Charge : 03-5621 4405 : 03-5621 4401 :: Ir. Hj, Shahul Ikram bin Hj. Adnan

The main role of civil and structural engineer which in the case is Railplan Consulatnt Sdn. Bhd. is to make sure the proposed design is suitable to be constructed on the proposed site. Points which are considered when deciding whether the building is possible to be constructed is practicality of the design, strength of the building structure and the capability of the soil to support the structure above it. Furthermore, this engineer is also responsible to suggest proper foundation or piling which will aid on the strength of the building and capability of the soil to support the built structure. For this project, the engineer also have to make sure the contractors carried out the works according to the needed specification and this is where the resident engineer is appointed to carry out such duty.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

6.3 Mechanical and Electrical Engineers Name of Company :ME Group Consultancy Sdn. Bhd. :3I-2, Jalan 46A/26, Rampai Town Centre, Address of Company Taman Sri Rampai, Setapak, 53 300 Kuala Lumpur Phone No. Fax No. E-mail address Engineer in Charge : 03-4143 6004 : 03-4143 6012 :: En. Engku Zaidi

Overall, the main role of ME Group Consultancy Sdn. Bhd. in this project is to set out plan and prepare schematic drawing of wiring, location of mechanical services such as elevators, water reticulation and air conditioning system for the building. The layout must follow local authority approval and parallel to the proposed design of the building drawn by both architects and civil engineers. Discrepancies and differences between structural and architectural drawing must be avoid so that the proposed services can give aid to the functions of the building. Other than that, mechanical and electrical engineers will supervise electricians on site from time to time in handling all the electrical works in order to make sure safety and quality requirements has been fulfilled. After the works of services have been set up properly, the engineers will have to make sure the set up services work properly and according to authorities approval.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

6.4 Quantity Surveyors Name of Company Address of Company Phone No. Fax No. E-mail address Quantity Surveyor in Charge : AZM Perunding Ukur Bahan : A-27, Tingkat 1, Jalan IM 3/12, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang : 09-573 4670 : 09-573 4820 : azm_qs@hotmail.com : Tuan Ikram Afiq bin Tuan Ibrahim

AZM Perunding Ukur Bahan act as the quantity survey consultant and it involved in the construction from beginning of the project until completion. The quantity surveyors main role in construction of this school is to prepare estimation and costing of the project. The costing and estimation the project may be developed from previous similar type of project and adjustment was done in order to obtain reasonable estimation and such adjustments may include price changes in material, plant and machinery and labour. Furthermore, the quantity surveyor also acts as an advisor regarding on the best value for money construction for client and make sure the contractor carried out the work according to the clients determined budget. From time to time, the quantity surveyor will receive variation order from architect as instructed by the client and the quantity surveyor had to prepare paper work regarding on the addition or omission of the variation order.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

7.0 CONTRACTORS AND THEIR ROLES Name of Company Address of Company Phone No. Fax No. E-mail address Class of contractor : Saka-Aki Sdn. Bhd. : B-G-9 Blok B, Jalan Nirwana 14A, Taman Nirwana, 68000 Ampang, Selangor : 03-9281 0778 : 03-9281 0779 :: Class A registered with Pusat Khidmat Kontraktor (PKK)

The main contractor for this project is Saka-Aki Sdn. Bhd. and it was the first time the contractor work together indirectly with all of the consultants. Overall, the main role of the contractor is to carry out construction work based on the given specification, agreed quantities and prices. Failing to do so will cause the client not to gain value for money building and the contractors reputation will also be tarnished by his ignorance. Other than that, the contractor must complete the construction work in the given and agreed period of time and when the contractor succeeded to follow it, the client will be able to make use of the building as planned. Furthermore, the contractor is also responsible to appoint its own sub-contractors to carry out special task such as wiring, air conditioning, piling and water reticulation fabricators and the contractor must be responsible for any defects cause by the sub-contractors. An example of a defect which may appear during construction is accidental voids for air conditioning duct on a part of a wall. During the construction, the contractor also has to be responsible in providing security on site from trespassers, provide temporary utilities for his workers and dispose or recycle construction waste. Most importantly, monitoring schedules and money flow of the project is essential so that the contractor will not make wastage and the client will not have to pay more than what he needed to spend.
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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

8.0 TYPE OF CONTRACT As for this project, type of contract used is Lump Sum Contract based on Bill of Quantities as their basis of contract. This is the most common type of contract used in large scale project and the traditional method in construction industry. In order for this basis to be practice in project, we first must have a finalised Tender Drawing as the quantities will be based on such drawing. And it has been decided, this is the only type of contract which can separate the pre contract from post contract stage. Here, the quantity surveyor will prepare a taking off based on the information given from engineers and architects and from given drawings and his taking off must comply with both engineers drawing and architects drawings. However, there are few items which are allowed to be provisional or in other words temporary quantities as the actual measurement is not yet being finalised at that time. Examples of such works are depth of piling and sanitary works. After the quantities had been confirmed, pricing can be carried out afterwards and then the overall cost of the project can be determined. However, from time to time there will be remeasurement and variation works which either comes from the engineers or architects or from the client himself. Hence, the quantity surveyor will have to adapt with the changes on the bill of quantities so that the client will not have to pay what he does not need.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

9.0 CONSTRUCTION PROBLEM There is no doubt that whatever problem which arises during construction, it will eventually lead to late completion which will bring loss to the client as he cannot use the building as soon as he expected and thus late completion must be avoided at all cost. For this project, late completion is the only problem which can be classified as a construction problem and there are few reasons why such problem happened in this project. Firstly, on pre-construction phase, where site clearing happened, the contractor only used one number of lorry and excavator in order to clear the construction which was vegetated with 1000 number of old oil palm tree. To do such work, the contractor must own more than we had then so that such work can be quickly done. As a solution, the contractor had add another two excavators and three lorries. Secondly, there was a shortage in workers on the site for pre-structure construction phase. Since there was only a few of workers provided, the rate of work that can be done is slow. Even though the contractor have added up his workers to 35 people, he still failed to get the work done in prompt and no action was taken in order to improve his work rate at that time. These irresponsible and ill-managed workers attitude only lead to even worst late completion of this project. Next reason of late completion was the contractor did not follow the designed work program which himself had designed earlier in order to manage his construction work progress better. The work program was designed to carefully plan out a simultaneous work progress. For an example, construction work for Padang Sekolah can done at the same time as Main Structure with a condition that such work will not disturb the Main Structure construction. And as a solution, the contractor had presented a new Monthly Work Plan which was suggested by ZAFA Architects but still the contractor failed to follow the work plan and only focuses on main structure.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

Other than that, there was complication in obtaining Ready Mix Concrete supply to the site as the location is far from nearby batching plant. The nearest chosen mixing batch plant is 30km away in Muadzam Syah called Mersing Concrete Sdn. Bhd. but sadly the quality of the supplied concrete is at the lowest. This had eventually leaded to difficulty in work progress o site beforehand and thus resulting in late work completion. And as solution, Railplan Consultant had suggested to the contractor to obtain the needed Ready Mix Concrete supply from LCS Mixing Sdn. Bhd. at Paloh Inai. Last but not least, there is a difficulty in obtaining water supply which was needed in concrete curing process and then brought us to low quality of concrete. Other than that, clean water supply was also essential in order for the workers to execute daily task and need and then this lead to shortage of workers. For this situation, the Railplan Consulatnt had suggested a solution for Saka-Aki Sdn. Bhd. which was to find a suitable water source and build a temporary well in order to support their needs in a period of time. Other than that, the Railplan Consultant also suggested the contractor to carry out Tubewell so that the work can be carried out such as plastering, brickwork and others with the aid of temporary water supply.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

10.0 CONTRACTUAL PROBLEM Contractual problem arise when there is a discrepancies and misunderstanding happened between client and contactor. This misunderstanding may range from required specification and rules which needed to be applied during the period of construction such as site cleanliness and safety issues. There are two main contractual problems which can be determined during contract. One of the problems was late site possession to the contractor. The original date which the contractor can start execute work is on 24th November 2009 but the site can only be accessible on 19th July 2010. The main reason why late site possession happened because there was no mutual comprehension between consultant and Pejabat Daerah dan Tanah Pahang on the suggested lot of which the construction will be executed on. The actual lot finally decided after several meetings were held and they agreed to execute the construction work on Lot 4510 Mukim Bebar Pekan Pahang. Next contractual problem is the contractor wish to change the method of construction form traditional method to IBS method. No need for critical reasoning or explanation on why IBS is impractical to be used for this project. For instance, the location is too far for IBS manufacturer to supply IBS components to the site and hence the cost will be increased in terms of transporting the goods. Even though time can be shorten if IBS was used but it does not bring value for money to the building, unnecessary clients money wastage will lead to great loss. Furthermore, this is a government project which is to build school for the welfare of local residents and thus profit cannot be obtained from the occupants of the building.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

11.0 STUDENT ANALYSIS Through out in the making of this report, there are a few general analyses which had been made based on the information obtained for this report. Firstly, it cannot be deny that post-contract stage is as essential as pre-contract stage in construction industry. Follow up on contractors process for the construction will be made from time to time. This follow up is important as we do not want the project to face any type of delay in completion. Hence, in order to avoid so, we have to make sure the contractor follows the work program designed in early stage of construction and abide to contracts protocol. Secondly, post-contract stage also allows us to identify the source of problem which arises during construction. Then, the solution of the problem will act as a reference in future project if such matter would happen again. Other than construction complications, contractual problem will also arises during post-contract stage. An example of conflicts which will happen in a contract is change of method of construction upon request either by the client or the contractor himself. Such conflicts must be handled professionally and must not afflict any of the partys benefit. Last but not least, as a contractor one must not take work program lightly and thinks it as not important for construction process. Work program is designed to avoid further delay in a construction. Based on the information gained, the contractor failed to follow it and failed to manage his work and thus resulting in late completion. Examples of fail management which can be quoted from the information gained is shortage in labour, late in finding water resources for construction and fail to carry out simultaneously so that the job can be done quickly. This attitude of workmanship shows that he does not take his job seriously and will cost him not to gain future project in the nearest time.

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REPORT A

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

12.0 CONCLUSION Post-contract is a phase when a contract will be bonded between a client and a contractor. This contract is formed and based on the submitted tender document by the successful contactor. This document is then, will be prepared by the selected quantity surveyor. Details and specification of the proposed building will be included in the document contract and once the contract is signed by both parties, it means they have agreed on the terms and conditions which have been attached together with the contract document. The title of the chosen project for this report is Cadangan Membina dan Menyiapkan Sebuah Sekolah Kebangsaan (S.K) Simpai yang Mengandungi 12 Bilik Darjah dan Kemudahan Lain di atas Lot 4570, Mukim Bebar, Daerah Pekan, Pahang Darul Makmur. This is a government type project under the supervision of Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia which also acts as the client. Other than that, other parties were also involved in succeeding this construction project and they are architects, engineers and quantity surveyors. Then, each of them will contribute in this project by playing their roles and they have and must work together as a team even though their field of work is different. The type of contract used to bind both client and contractor for this project is Lump Sum Contract based on Bill of Quantities. There are few complications aroused during postcontract phase of this project. This situation is divided into two categories which are construction problem and contractual problem. The construction problems which are mentioned in this report previously are insufficient machinery and equipment, shortage of workers, failure of contractor to follow work program and others. While the examples of contractual problem mentioned in this report are late site possession and contractors intention to change method of construction.

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FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

13.0 REFERENCES 1. (2013). General Contractor. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_contractor 3. Exforsys Inc. (2006). The Duties and Responsibility of a Building Contractor. Career Tracks. Retrieved from http://www.exforsys.com/career-center/career-tracks/the-duties-andresponsibilities-of-a-building-contractor.html 3. Railplan Consultant. (2012). Laporan Kemajuan Tapak Mingguan (Week 90) EOT Minggu ke-18 S.K. Simpai.

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