Communication Process Models

Aristotle : Communication is Might

Progression of Thought on Communication

Simple:
SENDER---CHANNELMESSAGERECEIVER

Feedback:

SENDER---CHANNELMESSAGE-RECEIVERFEEDBACK(FB)

Selective Perceptions, interpretation and retention.

SENDER---CHANNELMESSAGE-RECEIVER-FEEDBACK(FB)

SENDER

CHANNEL

FEEDBACK

MESSAGE

RECEIVER

Progression of Thought on Communication

Sender Message Who and what Channel Which one?

Feedback

Receiver

Effect

Harold Lasswell 1948

SENDER Who? What?
CHANNEL Which One?

FEEDBACK

MESSAGE

RECEIVER
Effect

Shannon and Weaver 1949

SENDER-TRANSMITTER-RECEIVER

RECEIVER: SOURCES OF NOISE stress, environment, lack of attention, noise pollution

Wilbur Schramm 1954

Sender Encodes the message Field of experience

Receiver Decodes the message Field of experience Gives Feedback

If the fields of experience are similar msg/signal is decoded correctly Feedback Msg/Signal may be verbal or non-verbal

Westley-MacLean
This model talks is for both Mass Comm. & Interpersonal Comm. There are many signals in an environment Advocate selects some and uses it for a new message If the receiver has knowledge of the message they will have questions - Feedback

Kincaids Convergence
Communication is the
Process participants-create and share Goal-to reach mutual understanding and mutual agreement

Richard L. Daft and Robert H. Lengel: 1990s Rich Communication Theory

Face to Face Video Conferencing Telephone 2-Way Radio Letter , emails Bulk Mail Posters Note that Social and Cultural background determines choice of medium used.