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Elementary

Proof of Cauch?y's Theorem.


BY ARTHUR LATHAM BAKER.

Denote the sides of a right triangle (Argand Diagram) by x, iy, z. Multiply each of these by the complex number w (plane vector) giving wz = wx + wiy. Hence the proposition: If on the threesides of a right triangle,similar sides then the sum of the corresponding and similarly placed trianglesbe constructed, side of the as vectors)of the leg triangles is equal to the corresponding (considered hypothenuse triangle. At the limit this becomes dW= vdz = wdx + widy = w (dx + idy). Hence the change in the function W is the same whether z follows the elementary paths dx, idy, or the resultantof these,dz. Hence W

d W, the sum of all these changes in W due to changes in z,

will be the same whether z follows the elemental paths 2cdx, tidy or resultants of these, so long as in the deformation of the path of z into Zdx and tidy we do not pass over any point in which w = . Hence W always a ttains the samevaluefor the same value of z, whateverthepath thepaths. of z, providedno point wherew = oois enclosedbetween as we Since we can take the end of the path of z as near the beginnxing choose, or coincident with it, we can say: (Cauchy'sTheorem) W =fd W ing no point wherew = oo is zero.
UNIVERSITYOF ROCHESTER.

wdz taken around a closedcurve enclos-

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