Define units:

EXERCISE 3.13

cm = .01

cm2 = 10'4 mm^.OOl

' , Wbs.1 mWb = .001

:= 314

i( t ) := 5sin(314-t)

Ld := 7

Min. inductance:

mT^.001 mJ^.001

mH = 0.001

N21

mN = .001

pF=10'

jiFslO'

f = 10'

m := 8-10"3

g := 9.81

x := 4* mm

Fe := m g

Fe * 0.078

H =l

Lq := 3

rpm^l

Ts]

rad/s

Hence rotor speed of a two-pole reluctance motor is 314 rad/s

Max. inductance:

V=1

A=1

W =1

J=1

QhI

kV^lOOOV

ho"= 4 ' - 10*

mA^0.001 co := ----36-ti

H
PROBLEM 3.1

8 := 0,.1 ..2 n
8 := .25-11

Tavg(8) - -0.125 (Ld - Lq)-lm2-sin(2-8)

Tavg(5) - -12.5

Area := 40-cm2

_ co-Area
,-----------------Vo :=

If negative torque causes the rotor

to rotate in the counterclockwise
direction, the positive torque wilt
cause the rotation in the clockwise

We := ,5-C-Vo2

C = 8.842 -PF

2-x-x-Fe

Vo = 8426.567 V

so-Area

We * 313.92 *nJ

PROBLEM 3.2_________________ -

direction.

Area := 20-20-cm2

Fe := 285- lCT0

X := 5 mm

C :=

so-Area

Max. torque in either direction is

Vo :=
12.5 N.m

^ co-Area

Vo = 200.726 *V

We := .5-C-Vo2

C = 70.736 -pF

We = 1.425 >J

PROBLEM 3.3
We := 0.003 x := 4-mm

Vo := 50-kV

C :=

2-We

Area :=

C-x
0

Vo2
Vo'

Fe := .5 so-Area- [ )
,x

Fe = 750 *mN

C * 2.4 *pF

Area * 10.857 *cm2

PROBLEM 3.4
Area := 50-cm2

Vo := 50-kV

Fe - 100-10'3X := Vo-

eo-Area
2-Fe

x = 7.505* mm

PROBLEM 3.5
B := 0.8-T

wm := .5-B-H

H
JlO

wm * 2.546*10
J/m3

PROBLEM 3.6
i := 2-A

Wm

-5 -In k - U

i := Wfn

dX
L (i) :=H.3L(i)
di

Thus

- la

or

Jt(j) = _ ^ L

1+1

L(i) = 555.556 *mH

PROBLEM 3.7______________________
jjr := 1000
R1 :=

The eqvt.drcuit is shown.

15-cm
10- cm2-fir-(io

R2 :=
3.5

10-cm

R1 = 1.194* 10s

...."^ I1
hs

\ f " ... r " 1

o il h c

R2 * 7.958*10

]0-cm2-jir-^o
3.6

ff
11-cm

R3 :=

R3 = 8.754*10

R4 :=

10-cm2-(io

R5 = 6.366* 10q

R6 :=

10- cm2-nr-jio
8-cm

R5 :=

10- cm2-|iPfio
Rp1 := R3 + R4
R := Rp2 +

Rp2 := R1 + R2 + R5 + R6

Rp1-Rp2

R
= 1.434*10
..................

Rp1 -i- Rp2

R := 3 + 0.5-(R1 + Rb)

200-15

R6 7.958*10

10- cm2-jio

20-100

Rp2 = 8 .2 2 * IO6

*1 = 0.139 *mWb

pj

X := 200-*
X = 19.729 *mWb

Wf := .5-X-l
Since

Rg = 1.989* IO9

^ = 0.099 *mWb

Rg-x + R

R = 2.046* 107

Rp1 2.396* IO7

1
2-2-cm2-(io

Rg -

2-2*cm2-pr-(io

1-cm

fl :=

20.5-cm

R3 :=

R4 2.387 107

Wf = 147.969 *mJ

F := -0.5-I- o
dx

F := .5-1-

=>

200-200-15-Rg
(Rg-x + R ) 2

PROBLEM 3.10________________
RpV
*2 := *1
Rp1 + Rp2

:=

^3

- $2

\2 - 0.104 *mWb

$3 = 0.036 *mWb
Aa := 20-cm2

(ir := 800

R :=

74-cm

. hy L j

ftr*(io-Aa
1
10-cm2

B1 :=

F1 := .5* 10-cm2

B3 :=

B1 0.139 T
10- cm2

(10
F1 = 7.739 *N

(-x-direction)

F3 0.505 *f^

(y-direction)

R - 3.68* IO3

B2 =0.104 *T
Ro _ 4 cm
9 " no-Aa

B3 0.036 *T

B2
F2 := .5-10-cm2-----(10

Br

<R

:= 150-sin(377t)o

*2
B2 :=
10-cm2

F3 := .5-10-cm2

S -592M07

2
B3
$m := [60000------- !-----\
2-Rg +- R

}I0

$m = 1.863 *mWb

(x-direcon)

F2 -4.29-N
F1 - F2 = 3.449 *N

^ := $msin( 377t)n

(Net in - x-direcon)

PROBLEM 3.8

Fdm = 2-.5-Aa-

Bm := ^
Aa

Bm

Bm * 931.705 *mT

Fdm = 1381.583 *N

Hence

B := Bm-sm(377t)D
Fd := Fdm*sin(377t) o

(10

:= 1000
R1 :=

1112 := 300

Fav := 0.5-Fdm

^ 41cm

Fav 690.791 *N

PROBLEM 3.11

3-cm-l0-cm-nr1-|io
B := 0.8-T
18-cm

R2 :=

Aa := 12-cm2

Per-pole:

Fdp := .5-Aa

Bi

Fd := 2-Fdp

R2 = 1.592* 105

3-cnvl0-cm-(ir2-(io
4 cm
3-10-cm2-(io

Rg * 1.06M07

Fg := 20-9.81
B
Fm := 2-.5----- An
fiO

Since Fm = Fg,

=>

B :=

Fg

(10
3 - 10 -cm2

B = 286.678 *mT
mmf := f(R 1 + R2 +- 2 -Rg)

mmf
'** 1100

\ 16.801 *A

" B-3-10-cm2
**

0 .8 6

*mWb

mmf * 1.848-104

PROBLEM 3.9.
X := 0.5-cm

fir := 1500
R1 =

2-2-cm2-(ir-no
Rb := ---- ----------2-2-cm2(io

800-1
R + Rg

* = 1.855 *mWb

I := 15*A

45-cm

*:=

J-

| 3

R1 = 5.968-l{f

Rb = 3.979* 107

B :=

L :=
Aa

*00-800

WL := .5-L-ll

R + Rg

B = 1.476 *T

L = 296.813 -mH

WL = 3.71 *J

R2
W1 := 5-Aa----- 1 mm
(10

W2 := .5-Aa-----2-mm
(10

W := .5-Aa-

W1 = 1.09 *J

W2 = 2.179-J

Wi = 441.297 *mJ

81cm

(io-(ir

W1 + W2 + Wi = 3.71 *J
3.7

3.8

PROBLEM 3.13
Let x->0 be the separation.

x =0

Ago := .5-n*(7.5-7.5 - 5.5-5.5)-cm2

Rgo := !
(10-Ago
jio-Ago

Agi := B-2.52-cm2

PROBLEM 3.17
Nm := 3600-rpm

Rgi

Em = ^ .
120

T i r n
(R,

y _

Rd1

2
Agd := 2-*-6.5.--cm2

Hence, number of turns:

Rd1 * 8105.695

R1 * 2.026* 104

7.5-cm

_
Ro :=

jio- 500- Agd

;= R 1

L :=

Rd2 = 2.923* 104

Ro = 1.607* 104

Rg = 5.027* 108

R + Rgx

Fd := -24139.47-12d

, a 500-500-Rg .
Fd := - 5 1 ------------- a
(R + R g x )2

2 dL
-5-I2 d
dx

Fd

5=

L := 10-cm

5.102*10

L - 7.697*10

*H

$p -

B := 0.8-T

Turns - 1

240
Ec :=
80

P := 4

Ec 3 *V

Nm := 800-rpm

$p - 28.125 *mWb

30

P-Nm

I := 100-A

F := B-L-l

F =

*N

PROBLEM 3.20______________________________________________________________
v := r- w- a$a

af is the unit vector

Fd := -n*7.52-2-7.85-10*"-9.81
*L

Thus:
Fd * -27.217 *N

Z = 160

Nc - 80 *Tums

The velodty at any radius r:

.*3

But:

7
2

1.5

PROBLEM 3.19_______________________ ^
______________________________________

Rgo - 1.948*10

Rgi = 4,053*10

+ Rd1 + 0.5-(Ro + Rd2)

500-500

Flux per pole:

fto-2000-Ago

Rg = (Rgi + 0.5-Rgo)
r

16.5-cm

Nc

Average induced emf per turn:

2
RdZ :=

Edc 192 *V

PROBLEM 3.18______________________________________________________________

Y '

jio- 500-Agi

Agd = 40.841 cm2

Edc = l Em
I

E - 213.258 *V

lc m

{io- 2000- Agi

f 120 *Hz

42

- f
i

fiO-Agi

E :=

Let Z be the number of conductors:

10 - cm

f :=

Em = 301.593 *V

. N m .200

"Rms value"

Agi = 19.635 *cm2

R1 :=

*p := 2 -mWb

120

-ffc .

Ago - 40.841 *cm2

P := 4

Hence:

I :=

27-22_
24139.47

1 ss 33.58 *mA

e :=

W m :=.5-I2*L

jn 4 direction.
(r*<a-a^ x B-az) dro

e is the induced emf at the far

. B-).L2n

end with respect to the pivoted

Wm - 2.763 *mJ
or

PROBLEM 3.14,

end. az unit vector in z-direction.

PROBLEM 3.21______________________________________________________
The strip of length 2L pivoted at the center is equivalent to two strips
each of length L joined together at the pivoted point. Thus the induced
emf between one end of the strip and the midpoint is exactly the same as
obtained in Problem-20. The emf between its two ends is, therefore, zero.
PROBLEM 3.22______________________________________________________
120*400
(d)

Ns := 12Q' 1-2-

Ns - 1200 *rpm

(e)

Ns :=

12

Ns * 4000* rpm

:= 20-0.2

e := B-L-v

B := 0.5-T

f := 60-Hz

L - 20-cm
e = 0.4 *V
3.9

Ns :=

Ns = 1800 *rpm

Nm := 1725-rpm

P
s := Ns - Nm
Ns

PROBLEM 3.16
"Distance travelled per second is velocity:"

p := 4

Ns
ns :=
60

s a q o4 2

ns = 30

per-unit

or

sync, speed in rev/sec

s- 100 = 4.167
2H'Ns
us := --------60

percent

cas * 188.496

(rad/s)
3.10

PROBLEM 3.23
P := 12

0,.01

Ns := 600-rpm

Ns-P
120

f _ 60.Hz

PROBLEM 3.24
p ~

f := SO-Hz

Ns :=

Ns = 3000 *rpm

PROBLEM 3.30
I := I0-A

0 := 0 , . 0 l
2

Ns

L(8) := 4 -f 2-cos(2-6) + cos(4-0)

PROBLEM 3.27_______
p = 12

f := 50-Hz

s := .03

Ns :=

T(0) := -5-I2- L(8)

d9

Ns = 500*rpm

Nm := (1 - s) Ns
Nm 485*rpm
PROBLEM 3.28_______________________ ________ ______________ _________
Length:

W := 10-cm

I := 2 A

a := r-W-8
R = -^ -a

L :=

Nc2

or

or

r := 7.5-cm

3Q n

g = 2 mm
2g

180
c

L ;b HQ Nc r W -9

Nc := 100-Tums

L = 12.337*mH

2q

i\
Thus:

T : = I . | 2. - L
2 de

or

no-Nc2-l2-r-W
4g

T 0.047

N.m

PROBLEM 3.29
R (0) := 1500 - 850-cos(2>9)

Nc := 150-Tums

I - 5-A

Nc2
L() ~ R (0)

e ;= 25-
180

T ( ) := 5 |2T ; L<0)
00

T (0) - -402.75

=>

t(0) := -O.5 (2-Nc2-17OO-Sin(2' 0-^

R (0 )2
t(0) = -358.307

3.12
3.13

r
EXERCISE 4.24 ___ ________________ ________________________

Define units:

Current ratio: 20:1

A =1

Reading on Ammeter will be 3.2 A

Voltage ratio: 120:1

Vs1

Hz = 1

Reading on the voltmeter will be 91.67 V

T =1

kWMOOO
Wattmeter reading:

563'
20-120

mWb = .001 Wb

W bM
cm = 0,01

kVA=1000

W =1

-4

cm2= 10"**
VA=1

rpm = 1

tums = 1

H =1

d e g = -------

m H:=.001-H

180

- 234.67 *W
PROBLEM 4.1

EXERCISE 4.25_____________________________________________
Current ratio: 20:1
I := 4.8-20

Nc := 100-turns

I = 96-A

V = 80-60

>1 dt
e := -N -
dt

* = 5-sin(314-t)-mWb

Voltage ratio: 80:1

V = 1 *V

f :=

314

E := 4.44-f Nc-5 mWb

Erms := 111.02-V

2-Ji
P := 260-20-80

P = 4 I6 * k W

e := -157-cos(314-t)n

5m W h

Beff := 0.707
25-cm2

f * 49.975 Hz E 110.944 *V

Beff = 1.414 *T

PROBLEM 4.2
Bm := ^ -1 .2 -T

f := 25-Hz

sf := 0.93

Aa := 80*cm2

N1 :=

220

4>m := Bm-Aa-sf

+m = 12.626 *mWb

110

4.44.f-*n

N2 := 4.44-f-4mn

= 50-Hz

N1 = 79-turns

N2 := 39-turns

= 60-Hz

N1 = 65-turns

N2 := 33-turns

= 400- Hz

N1 - 20-turns

N2 = 10-turns

N1 := 157tums

N* := 78-turns

PROBLEM 4.3
N1 - 60-turns

Aa := 100-cm2
:=

V1

V1 := 120-V
Ept :=
N1

$m = 9.009 *mWb

4.44-f-N1
Bm

208
N2 := ----Ept

Aa

f := 50-Hz
Ept 2

N2 = 104 -turns

Volt/turn

Bm = 0.901 *TMax

PROBLEM 4.4.

S := 12-kVA

a := 4

V2 := 120-V

V1 := 480-V

V1
N1 := Ept

N2 :

V2

6 := acos(0.707)

Ept := 2-V

N1 = 240 -turns

N2 = 60 turns

Ept

:= -----exp(j -0)
V1

1111 = 2 5 -A

arg(!1) = 45.009-deg

12 := ^ - e x p ( j -0)

I2| = 100-A

arg(12) 45.009 *deg

Po := R e(v2-I2)

ZL :=

11

Po = 8484 *W

V2

Z1 := a-a-ZL

12
ZL = 0.848 - 0.849j *Q

Z1 = 13.574- 13.579j *Q
4.12

4.11

PROBLEM 4.9
PROBLEM 4.5

S := 240kVA

S := 25-kVA

N1 := 500-turns

a := 10

V1 :=. 2500-V

f := 50-Hz

|h :=

Volt/turn

V2 := Ept-N2

V2
12

a2 ZL

I2 := exp(i -0)
V2

Po := R e (v 2 )

I2 - 100-A

Po * 2 0 -kW

ZL = 2~1.5j *0

E1 := a-E2

Ih = 25 *A

E2 = 4862.5 + 143.75j *V

E1 = 486.25 + 14.375J *V

ZL := 8-0

Z1
a :=
'ZL

a=5

Pin := R e (v i )

Po = 120 *kW

Pin - 123.125 -kW

S := 48-kVA

V1 := 4800-V

V2 := 480-V

a := 10

Magnitude of 12:

12 :=

18 k W
V2-cos(0)

XL := lm(ZL)

ZL = 3.2 +5.543j

I2 = 75*A

f := 60-Hz

0 := -acos(0.5)

12 - I2exp(j -0)

:= 2-n f
HF = 10

L :=
R = 3.2*0

-6

11

E2

XCL = 3.837*0

a := 20

arg(!2L) * 46.102 *deg

R2L := Re(Z2L)
R2L = 3.692 *0

C :=

ty ;= Ic + Im

n :=

1
c 691 288

VL := 240-V

' ,L' 4,8 *A

* d e g

PL

PL

I ,TLI -192 *A ar90"I"L) s -53.13 *deg PTL := lTLTTL-5

lg |= 3 .8 4 * A

| E2| = 6002.419 *V

691 2 *w
PTL = 0.184 *W

arg(E2) - 0.006 -deg

| Vg| = 332.691 *V

Xml := a-a-Xmh

Rci = 180 *0

Xml = 120 *Q
arg(l+) * -54.617 -deg

arg(!1) * 0.016-deg

Ir :=
125

n = 0.877

Ic ;= J L
3-kO

im :=

Ir = 800-A

j -5-kQ

11 := Ip + Ic + Im

0 := -acos(0.866)

|I2| = 680 *A

\E 2\ 125.811 -V

jE l| = 2516.222 *V

arg(l2) = -30.003-deg

arg(E2) 3.042-deg

arg(E1 ) = 3.042-deg
|Ic| = 0.839*A

arg(lc) = 3.042deg

Im | 0.503 *A

arg ( Im) * -86.958 *deg

1111 = 34.978 *A

arg(!1) = -29.945 -deg

Pm := lc-c-3-kO

Pc := l2-2-15-mO + 11-F -1.5*0

Po := Re(v2-12)

Pm - 2110.458 *W

Pc = 8771.139 *W

Po = 64776.8 *W

V1 :=E1 + I1-(1.5 + 2.8j)

arg (lg) = -53.13 *deg

Vg := lg-(0.5 + 10j) + E20.05

Rct := aa-Rch

| ty| = 4.872 *A

12 := lr-0.85-exp(j -0)

V2 + 12 (15 + 20j)-mfl

|p ;= 1?
a

ar9(IL) ~53*13

E2 := 25-240 + ITL (5 + 12j)

0.05

Zh = 192 *0

Pin = 136.77*kW

PROBLEM 4.8

IQ -

Zh :=
Ih

= 0.975

Xmh := 12-kO

V2 := 110-V

E1 := a-E2

XCL = -lm (Z2L)

j XCL

ITL

ti

j 111 = 277.701 *A

Pin = R e (v i-n )

I2L := I2fl - 12

ZL := 30 + 40j

ti :=
Pin

Im = 0.12 - 4.052j -A

;= || + |c +. ih

S := 100*kVA

Z2L * 3.692 - 3.837j

Im := - i l _
j Xml

Ic = 2.701 + 0.08j *A

I2fl := JL
I2fl = 100 A
V2
Connect the extra load in parallel, then the current in the extra load is

V2

arg(VI) * 3.341 -deg

PROBLEM 4.11_________________________________________________________________

L * 14.702-mH

Full-ioad current at unity pf:

I2L| * 90.139 *A

Rch := 18-kO

Ic := 5 !
Rcl

PROBLEM 4.7

,TL := ^
25

II := 250-A

PROBLEM 4.10_________________________________________________________________

Z1 := 200-0

I2L

VI| 493.338 *V

Po = R elvh-ih)
.
v
'

kOs 1000*0

11 = I I

mO s.001-0

Z1 = 2 0 0 - 150j -0

PROBLEM 4.6

Z2L :=

pf = 1

E2 := Vh + lh-(2.5 + 5.75p

VI := E l +11(25 + 57.5j)*m0

11 = 1 0 -A
Z1

+m * 22.523*mWb

4.44* f-N1

11 := exp(j -0)
V1

0 = 36.87 *deg

V1

:=

V2 = 250 -V

0 := acos(0.8)

ZL :=
12

a := 0.1

Vh

E p t.n
N1

ZL

N2 := 50-tums

Vh := 4800-V

Pin := Po + Pc -f- Pm

| V 1| s 2 614.102*V arg(V1 ) = 4.217*deg

Pin = 75658.397*W

i\

Pin

rj * 0.856

arg(Vg) = 3.711 -deg

4.14

Pg := Re(vg-lg)

Pg = 698.757 *W

4.13

R h p K ^ - ii

X hpu :=

Zhb

Rhpu = 0.052

Xhpu = 0.13

Rcpu :=

V2pu

ZLb

acos(0.95)

V1pu := E1pu -i- l1pu-(Rhpu + j -Xhpu) |V1pu| = 1.262

arg(V1pu) = 10.563-deg

ZLb

RLpu = 0.052

Xmpu := 18
^
Zhb

Zhb

30-mQ
X L p u -------------

RLp U : = 1 2 jB 9

Zhb

XLpu *0 .1 3
Rcpu = 86.957

a := 1

Xmpu = 78.261

Zpu := Rcpu J XmpU

Rcpu + j -Xmpu

V2punL := V1pu------- ------ ------------------Zpu + Rhpu + j -Xhpu

VR% := ( |V2punL| - V2pu)-100

VR% - 26.066

|V2punL] = 1.261

Zpu = 20.548 + 54.795j

PROBLEM 4,23____________________________________________________________________
/
.
S := 320-kVA VL := 240-V VH := 4800 V a := 0.05
IL = 1333.33-A
IH := 66.67-A

I2pu := 1exp(j -0)

E2pu := V2pu -+- l2pu (RLpu + j -XLpu)

OCT on LVS:
E1pu := E2pu

|E1pu| = 1.019

Soc := 240-39.5

RCL := 2402
1200
Icpu :=

Rcpu

Impu :=
j Xmpu

11pu := I2pu + Icpu + Impu

Jcpu 0.012 + 0.002J *A

|l1pu| - 1.009

V1pu := E1pu + l1pu (Rhpu + j

Pinpu := R e (v ip u hp)

Xhpu)

|V1pu| = 1.058

Zpu := - fePU-i Xmpu

Rcpu + j -Xmpu

arg(V1pu) * 15.434-deg

H * 0.867

Rch :=

VR% := ( |V2punL| - V2pu)-100

VR% * 5.561

SCT on HVS:

Zhb = ^
Ihb

ZLb :=

Rhpu = ^
Zhb

ILb

v
1.2-kQ
XmPu --------
Zhb

Zhb

I2pu := 1*exp(j

0)

|hb :=
^
h
ILb * 1 0 0 * A

RcL :=

1202

Ihb . 25 -A

Rch :=
a2

RLpu * 0.083

XLpu = 0.25

0 := ~acos(0.9)

SCTon HVS:

Rcpu * 166.667

Xmpu 62.5

V2pu := 1

fypu :=

Rcpu

+ r -EJ pU
j -Xmpu

E2pu := V2pu + !2pu-(RLpu + j -XLpu)

11pu := I2pu + typu

111pu| * 1.017

Reh * 0.883 *Q

Zeh - 2.925 *Q

Rel := a2 Reh

Xel := a2-Xeh

Ret = 2.208 *mQ

Xel = 6.971 * mQ

VL = 120 V

VH := 208-V

IL := 0.5 A

IH :.= 0.29-A

Soc := 120-25.07-0.001

Poc := 2

Qoc = 2.247-VAR

VAR=1

1202

XmL :=

RcL * 7.2 *k3

Qoc

Xmh := Rch = 21.632 *k)

Zeh = 56.167 *Q

Qoc := a/ soc2 - Poe2

120
a := ----208

XmL = 6.408 *kfl

a = 0.577

Xmh = 19.251 -kQ

a2

---------

rw
Zeh :=

-------------

0.32

j
Reh = 4 7
Xeh := VZeh2 - Reh2

Reh = 52.222 *fl

Xh := 0.5-Xeh

Xeh = 20.677 *Q
Rh * 26.111 -Q

Xh = 10.338 *Q

a := 1

arg(E1pu) = 9.054*deg

| i^pu | = 0.02

3925
66.672

Xeh = 2.788 *Q

03

Rh := 0.5-Reh

|E1pu| * 1.199

Reh

Poc

R L := a 2 Rh
E1pu := E2pu

Xmh * 2.45 *kQ

PROBLEM 4.24________________________________________________________

XLpu = M
ZLb

RLpu =
ZLb

Xhpu = 0.063

3.2-kQ

ILb :=
VLb
ZLb = 1.2 *Q

Zhb = 19.2 *Q

Xhpu := M l
Zhb

Rhpu = 0.031
Rcpu =

Vhb := 480-V

Rch = 19.2 *kfi

Zeh := 195
6667

Soc = 3,008 *V-A

v/i ^

Qoc = 9403.744

XmL 6.125 *Q

a2

OCT on LVS:

VLb := 120-V

RcL = 48 *Q

|V2punL| = 1.056

PROBLEM 4.22_____________ ^

\/hK

2402

Xmh :=
a2

S := 6 0V -A

S := 12-kVA

Soc * 9480 *V-A

Qoc

Xeh := J z e h 2 - Reh2

V2p(JnL = V1pu --- --------- Zpu______ _

ZpU + Rhpu + j -Xhpu

Zp(j . 38 g14 + 43 238j

XmL :=

Impu = 0.002 - 0.0131 *A

J

arg(Hpu) 17.349 *deg

Popu := R e(v2pu-2p) i| :=
Pin
popu 0.95

Pinpu = 1.067

Qoc := js o c 2 - 12002

arg(E1pu) = 7.912 *deg

XL := a2 Xh

^ * 8 .6 9 1 -0

XL = 3.441 *Q

PROBLEM 4.25____________________ _____________________________________

argfl^pu) = -60.39 *deg

arg(Mpu) = -26.497 *deg

S := 46-kVA

VH := 2300-V

OCT on LVS

Soc := 230 11.2

Soc = 2576 VA

4.19

VL := 230-V

a := 10

Poc = 1150-W

IH := 20-A
Qoc

IL := 200 A
poc2

Qoc = 2305.054 *VAR

4.20

*
/

PROBLEM 4 .1 2 _______________ ___ ________________________________ ___________________

S - 12-kVA

V2 := 480-V

I2r :=

9 := -acos(0.866)

Reh := 3.2-kO

jl2| * 2 0 * A

Xmh := 1.2-kO

E2 = V2 + l2 (R h + j -Xh)
a := 0.25

. _ E1
iC

E1

|p = J?
a

|c = 0 628 +0 018j . A

n ;= |p +. |c + Im

V1 := E 1 + l1 ( R L + j

XL)

Pc := I2 -Rh + 11-TT- RL
Pc = 902.955 *W

arg(V1) * 8.049-deg

Po := R e(v2 )

Pm := Ic-ic-Rci

Po = 8313.6 *W

Pm - 78.943 *W
-

Pm = 75.825 W

Po = 9600 -W

Pin := Po + Pc + Pm
Pin = 9295.498 *W

f l
Pin

V2 := 230 V

12 := I2r-0.5exp(j

arg(H) * -30.774 *deg

Po := R e(v2-I2)

I2r

T1 ~ 0-4

fl)

E2 := V2 + l2-(Rh + j
lc :=
Rcl

Xh)

E1 := a-E2

|m := _ J L _
j Xml

Ip := a

V1 := E1 + M (R L + j

Pc := l2 l2 R h + 11-T-RL
Pc * 877.323 *W

E2 := V2 + 12 (12 + 30j)-m0
E1 := a-E2
|C

jE2| = 236.476-V

| E11 2364.762 *V
|m ;= ....11-..
j -1800

J=L
2000

11 := Ip + lc + Im

arg (V1 ) = 7.105-deg

Pin := R e (v i ]?)

ri :=
Pin

Pin * 123.951 * kW

S := 240*kVA

Im = 0.089 - 1.595j *A

|V1| = 119.304 *V

arg(i1) * 28.786 *deg

arg(V1) - 15.325-deg

Pm := Ic-Ic-Rci

Po := R o (v 2 - )

Pin := Po + Pc + Pm

Pm - 71.742-W

Po * 8313.6 *W

Pin = 9262.666 *W

12 ;= I2r0.8-exp(j -0)

Ip ;= i?
a

|m :=

E1
j Xml

n ;= |p -f- |c + im

E1 := a-E2

0.928

arg(E1 ) = 3.205*deg

Pin

Rh := 2.5-Q

V2 := 4800 V
Xh := 5.75-0

Reh := Rh + ~
a2

1121 = 20 *A
|E1| = 123.146*V

|c = 0.615 +0.03j -A

|2r = 50 -A

V1p := V2 + 12-Zeh

V1p := V2 +-12-Zeh

RL := 25-mO

0 := acos(1)

XL := 57.5-mO
Zeh := Reh + j -Xeh

Reh = 5 *0

Zeh = 5 + 11.5j

12 := I2r exp(j -0)

j V1p| = 5082.63 *V

VR% := 1 ^ 1 ---^ .100 * VR% * 5.888

V2

12 := I2r-exp(j -0)

jV1p| 5353.982-V

VR% := lv1p l - ^ -100

V2

12

VR% = 11.541

I2r-exp(j -0)

arg(l2) = 0-deg
arg ( E1 ) = 2.793 *deg

Im = 0.08 - 1.64j *A

V1p := V2 + I2-Zeh

arg(M ) = -1.143 -deg

4.15

|V1p| = 4694.798 *V VR% = ^V1pl " ^ -100

V2

VR% = -2.192

PROBLEM 4.17_____________________ __________________________________________

Rh := 1.5-0

1111 - 80.711 *A

pf=unity:=>

Xeh = 11.5*0
I2r :=
V2

(b)0.8pflag: 0 := -acos(0.8)
V ~ 0 898

a := 0.1

Xeh = Xh +
a2

(c) 0.8 pf lead: 0 := acos(0.8)

lc ;= J lL
Rcl

tj =

_______________________________________________

E 2 - V2 + l2 (R h + j -Xh)

im = 0.083 - 1.311j *A

arg (11 )= -1 .3 8 1 *deg

V1 := E 1 + I1-(1.2 + 3j) |V1[ = 2443.993*V

Po := R e (v 2 - )

P =
a

arg(E1) = 3.637 -deg

|E1| = 119.785*V

11

0 := acos(1)

arg(E2) = 3.637-deg

|c = 1.18 +0.075j *A

|I1| = 51.278*A

arg(l2) = 0deg

PROBLEM 4.16________________________________________________________________

.= Po
PROBLEM 4.14

a := 10

arg(!2) = 30.003*deg

1111 * 79.833 *A

XL)

= 0.908

|I2| = 20*A

|c - 0.598 +0.033j *A

1 := ip + lc + Im

ti

1121 - 500 *A

Po 115 *kW
12 := I2r-0.8exp(j -6)

Pin = 10567.253 *W

:= acos(1)

PROBLEM 4.13________________________________________________________________
0 := acos(0.866)

Pin := Po + Pc + Pm

V2

jm o Q49 - -i 675j .A

jV i| = 146.535*V

Pm := Ic ic-Rcl

Po
11 = pin

S := 230-kVA

Xml = 75 -0

1111 = 81.422-A

arg(V1 ) = 12.866 *deg

PROBLEM 4.15

arg( E1 ) * 1.686-deg

Rct 200 *0

Pc * 891.428 *W

|V11 = 134.94*V

XL := 0.3-0

arg(E2) = 1.686-deg

| E1 j = 125.653 *V

Xml := aa-Xmh

RL := 0.1-Q

Xh := 1 .2 0

|E2j = 502.611 -V

E1 := a-E2

Rcl := a-a-Rch

arg(!2) -30.003 *deg

Rh := 0.6-0

XL)

Pc := i2 2 Rh + H-IT-RL

M2

12 := I2r-0.8 exp(j -0)

V1 := El + l1-(RL + j

Xh := 2.8-0

RL := 15-mO

XL := 20-mQ

a := 20

Reh := Rh + a-a-RL

Xeh := Xh * a-a-XL

V2p = 2500-V

Zeh := Reh + j -Xeh

Zeh = 7.5 + 10.8j

ipr *= 40 *A

Ipr =

100-kVA
V2p
4.16

PROBLEM 4.19
V

VR% = Y l L J ^ - 1 0 0

ro?)

VR% = 13.325

V2p

240-kVA

VLb := 480-V

ZLb

VLb

Vhb

Zhb =

fLb
~ 2p- 100

VR% -1.535

V2p

Rhpu :=

2.5

Xhpu :=

Rhpu 0.026
VR% :B M . - J QP. 100
V2p

Atfuil-Load:

VR% 20.762

Zhb * 96 *Q

ihb

Zhb

Ip := lprexp(j 9)
'V

Xmh := 1800-Q

XL := 30-mQ

V2 = 230*V

5.75

RLpu :=

25-mQ

Zhb

ZLb

Xhpu 0.06

RLpu - 0.026

:= -acos(0.866)

a = 10

| V1 pu I =1.108

Reh := Rh + aa-R L

l(lp) = -36.87 *deg

Xeh = Xh + a a-XL

Pinpu = 0.918

f24*V

V2p = 2300-V

Vhb

S := 100-kVA
Zhb :=

Vhb

Rhpu
arg (11) = -36.963 -deg

VR% = 24.858

Rcl * 20 -Q

arg(!2) - -36.87 *deg

Xmi = 18 -Q

arg(V1p) 6.719 *deg

.401 *A

P,npU

2500 V

2.8
Zhb

ZLb

0 := acos(0.85)

4.26 +1.68j *A

Dn=nRR
Popu = 0.866

Im = 1.867 - 15.844j A
arg(11p) s -36.963 *deg

VLb = 125 V

Rcpu =

VR% * 10.773
t]

= 0.943

Ihb :=

RLpu :=

15-mQ
ZLb

Rcpu = 48

Icpu = f i
Rcpu

RLpu = 0.096

11pu = I2pu + Icpu + Impu

E1pu

Xmpu =

iLb * 800 *A
5000
Zhb

XLpu = 0.128

I2rpu := 1
a := 1

arg(E2pu) = 8.931 *deg

Icpu = 0.021 + 0.003j *A

j Xmpu
|impu| 0.013

V1pu := E1pu + !1pu*(Rhpu + j Xhpu) |i1pu| = 1.015

VR% = ( (VDU - V2duV100

VLb

ihb = 40 -A

V2pu := 1

|E2puj 1.027
Impu :=

ILb :=
Vhb

Xmpu = 80

i2pu - I2rpuexp(j -fl)

E2pu := V2pu +- !2pu-(RLpu + j XLpu)

E1pu = E2pu

3000
Zhb

Xhpu * 0.045

VR% := J1 f ~ V2p. 100

V2p

Zel = 24 +60j -mQ

VR% := (|V1pu| - V2pu) 100

Popu

1.5

XLpu :=

V2pu := 1

XLpu)

Popu := Re(v2pu I2pu)

Zhb
Rhpu * 0.024

ri = 0.867

a =1

I2pu := 1-exp(j -0)

VLb
ZLb :=
Zhb * 62.5 -Q ZLb * 0.156 *Q
ILb

Ihb

Im * 0.187 - 1.584J *A

Tl :=
Pin

XLpu = 0.06

PROBLEM 4.20

arg(V1) 6.719 deg

6 + 0.168J A

57.5*mQ
ZLb

0 := -acos(0.8)

:= 100-A

V2p := V2-a

VLb

Ihb * 50 A ILb * 500 *A

XLpu :=

arg(V1pu) =4.022 deg

Pinpu - Re(vipu-I2pu)

6j *Q

ILb -

ZLb = 0.96 *Q

V1pu := V2pu -i- l2pu*(Rhpu j Xhpu + RLpu + j

!ch := 2000-

Ihb :=
Vhb

Ip = lprexp(j 6)

[ *V VR% = ^

Vhb := 4800 V

ivin ..l = 1 ivm

arg(Impu) = -81.069 deg

arg(ilpu) 30.652*deg

r~

2302

RcL :=

9<i a 2

XmL :=

Poc

Qoc

PROBLEM 4.30

RcL = 46 *Q

XmL = 22.95 *G

Rch * 4.6 *kQ

Xmh * 2.295 -kQ

0 := -acos( 0.866)
Rch := a2-RcL

Xmh := a2-XmL

Reh := ~1150
202

Zeh = 8-Q
Rel := 5?*!
a2

Xel

"^

Reh = 2.875*Q

Xh := 0.5*Xeh

"

Xel = 74.655 -mQ

XL :=
a2

Rh * 1.438 *Q

RL * 14.375 -m

Po := S-cos(0)

Pin = 11401.5 W

Pc := 937.5-W

Po = j0392-W

Pm := 72-W

ii :=
Pin

*1 " u a i 1
iimax :=------ -------Po + 2-Pm
nmax = 0.986
PROBLEM 4.31___________________________ ___________________________________

Xeh 7.466 *Q

Rel * 28.75 *m

[_

OCT on LVS:

a2

Rh = 0.5- Reh
R L := ^
a2

"Pin := Po + Pc + Pm

Zeh := 160
20

SCT on HVS:

S = 12kVA

Voc := 480-V

Rcl - 180*0

Xh = 3.733 *

Xml *= 120 *Q

a := 0.1

loc := (

Rcl := a2-18-k
+

\R cl

Poc := Re (voc-Toc

|
j -Xml/

|loe| -4 .8 0 7 *A

X L - 37.328 *mQ

Xml := a2-12-kQ

P o c * 1280*W

Thus: OCT Readings are: 480 V, 4.81 A, 1280 W

PROBLEM 4.26_________________________________________________
SCT on HVS:
OCTLVS:

a =4

Poc := 72-W

Voc := 120-V

loc - 1.71-A

i------------
Qoc := Jsoc^-P oc^

w 2
Rel = ------Poc

Qoc * 192.154 *VAR

Rch := a2*Rcl

Soc := Vocloc

Rel = 200 *Q

Xmh := a2-Xml

Isc = 50 *A

Xml := ------Qoc

Psc := 937.5-W

Reh := _se

Xeh _ "/ Z e h 2 _

Rel := 5!
a-a

Xel :=
aa

se - 25-A

Reh2

Reh 1 5 .q

Rel = 93.75 *m

Xeh)

Psc = 12.5 *kW

| Vs | * 626.997-V

PROBLEM 4.32__________________________________________________________________

Xmh * 1199.04 *fi

a := 20

SCT on HVS:

Vsc := lsc (Reh + j

Psc := lsc2-Reh

jsc ;= 240-kVA
4800

a2

Thus: SCT readings are: 627 V, 50 A, 12.5 kW

Xml * 74.94 *

Rch * 3200-Q

Xeh := 5.75 +
a2

Soc * 205.2 *VA

Wro2

Reh := 2.5 +

Vsc := 73-V

S := 100*kVA

Reh := 1.5 + (15-mQ)-a2

Xeh := 2.8 + 20-mQ-a2

Zeh := ----Vsc
se
Zeh * 2.92 *C

Xeh * 2.505 *Q

Rcl :=
aa

Xmi :=
a-a

OCT on LVS:

Xeh = 10,8 *Q

Rcl = 7.5 -Q

Voc := 125-V

loc := Voc- ( J ------- L )

\Rcl
Xml/

Xel * 156.58*mfl

Reh = 7.5 *Q

Xml * 12.5 *Q
poc := Re (voc-loc)

Poc = 2.083 *kW

| loc| = 19.437 -A

Readings: 125 V, 19.44 A, 2.08 kW

PROBLEM 4.27________________________ ___ _______________ ________________________ SCT on HVS:

e := acos(1)
Pc := 3925-W
For Max n:

S := 320-kVA

Po := S-cos(0)

Pih := Po + Pm + Pc
Pin := Po + 2*Pm

Po = 320 *kW

Pin * 325.125 *kW

Po
^max =

= 0.993

t] 0.984

PROBLEM 4.28___________________________ ___________________________________

Isc = 40 *A

PROBLEM 4.33

Po := 60-cos(8)

Pin - Po + Pc + Pm

Po * 48 *W

P in * 54.7 *W

M ax*

umax := ^

Pc - 4.7-W

j =
Pin

Pm := 2 W

- n o 7o
n 0 878

S := 12-kVA

Po := 46-kVA*cos(0)

Pin - Po + Pm + Pc

P in 39.15-kW

Psc = 12 *kW

Vsc = 525.951 *V

a := 4

Reh := 0.6 + a2-0.1

Xml :=

Reh = 2.2 *Q

Xeh := 1.2 + a2-0.3

Xeh = 6*Q

Rcl = 200 *fl

Xml = 75 *Q

Voc := 120-V

_/ 1
loc ^Voc-f ^

poc - Re (voc-loc)

T,max* 0.923

PROBLEM 4.29______________________ __ _________________________________________ 8 := -acos(0,8)

a2
OCT on LVS:

Vsc := Isc- j Reh + j -Xehf

___________________________________________ __

Rcl :=
0 := acos(0.8)

Psc := Isc2 Reh

Readings:

Po
n ~ P ta

Isc :=
2500

Pm := 1200-W

Pm = 1680-W
Po = 36.8 kW

Pc := 670-W
Po
n :=
Pin

. n 0A

Readings:

| locj * 1.709 *A

Poc = 72 *W

Voc * 120 *V

g
SCT on HVS.
Readings:

Isc

Isc * 25 *A

psc
Psc = 1375 *W

\/sc - |Sc- [Reh + j -Xeh|

Vsc = 159.765 'V
4.22

*1
4.21

Define Units:
V2 = 110-V

:= 50-A

V2a := 330 V
Sc := S2a - Si
V2a := 330 V

I2a :== 11

S2a * 16.5 *kVA

V2a := 110-V
i * 16. 5 *kVA

12a * 50 *A

aT ;= 3

V2a := 220-V

aT := .33

11a = 12
S2a * 33 kVA

480

I2a

5280
iT * iD.091
a ~ 12a

VAhI

kQs 1000-Q

Q =\

VL := 120-V

Vh := 480-V

RL = 0.1-Q

XL - 0.3-Q

Rch := 3.2-kQ

Rd := * 5 *
aa

Xml :=

Rcl - 200 *Q

Xml * 75 *Q

kVAsl000-VA

J2a

T
480
aT -
600

Vh
Ih = 25 *A

aT - 0.8

12a = 86.6 +50j A

Ipa * 108.25 +62.51j -A

Icom * 21.65 +12.5j *A

I Eh I = 476.54 *V

EL * 119.13 -0.5j -V

arg(Eh) * -0.24 *deg

240-kVA

V ia := Eh +- lcom-(Rh + j -Xh)

|V ia! = 475.57 *V

4800

' J _____ u
11a := V 1 a [----------^
+ Ipa
iRch
Xmh,

{11a j * 124.96 *A arg(Ha) =* 29.81 *deg

I2a >
* 50 *A
Icom * 500 *A

f If

Pin := R e (v ia -11a)

Po := Re(v2a-I2a)

arg(V1a) = 3.8 *deg

i\ := ~

V ia
aT

VR% :=

Pin
Pin = 53405.68 *W

0 := acos(0.866)

EL := .2-(l2a*(RL +j XL) -f- V2a - lcom (Rh + j Xh))

S c * 22 *kVA

a - 4

Ih :=

Eh := 4-ELn

Ipa := ~
aT

Xh := 1.2-Q

Xmh := 1.2-kQ

IL = 100 -A

V2a := 600 V

Icom := Ipa - I2a

aT :== 1.5

> + 57'5j)-m0

.
. n
deg =
180

mQ^O.OOl

Rh := 0.6-Q

IL :=
VL

aa

12a := IL-exp(j -0)

Sc * 5.5 *kVA

Eh := 4-EL
aT -

mA=.001-A

S :=.12-kVA

480/600-V Auto:

11a := 11

Sc ;= S2a - Si

S2a -- Si

aT := .67

Sc 5.5 *kVA

W sl

PROBLEM 4 .3 7 _____________ ___ _______________________________________________

12a = 100 -A

Sc a 22 *kVA

V-=I

kW = 1000W

12 := 100-A

I2a :== 12

AM

Po * 51960 *W

- 0.97

- V2a
100

V2a
VR% = -0.92

PROBLEM 4.38___________________________________________ ___________________

arg (EL) 2.747 *deg
V2a := 480 V
arg(EH) = 2.747 *deg
a j = 505.438 *V

12a := aT ipa
Icom := 12a - Ipa

arg(V1a) * 5.936 *deg

1
;)

Po
p,n

100
VR% * 5.299

t)

* 0.955

Ipa := IL*exp(j -0)

|Ipa{ 100*A

} 12a| * 125 *A
jlcomj 25* A

Eh := V2a -h lcom-(Rh + j -Xh)

arg(lpa) * 30*deg

arg(l2a) * 30*deg

aT :=
aT = 1.25

arg (Icom) * 30*deg

|Eh| * 479.16-V

arg ( Eh ) * 4.01 -deg

mm

EL := ~
Rca := Rch-aT-aT
a
V ia := lp a(R L + j XL) + EL + V2a
:
;H

11a := V ia - / ---------L ) + Ipa

\ Rra
Yrr,~ /

Xma := Xmh-aT-aT Rca * 5000* Xma = 1875 *Q

| V1a| * 594.46 *V arg(V1a) * 3.8 *deg

111a! * 99.97-A

a ra fH ' * ooi

PROBLEM 4.39

12a

V2a ~ 120 V

Ipa := lhexp(j -0)

600
aT =

aT 5

|lpa( * 25 A

I2a := Ipa-aT

Icom := 12a - Ipa

112a | = 125 -A

[icomj 100 *A

EL := V2a + lcom-(RL + j -XL)

V1a := Ipa-(Rh + j

jELj * 117,81 *V

Xma := a T a T X m l

+i p a

11a : = V 1 a -L j - ~ L j

arg(!2a) * 30 -deg

arg(V1a) 15.37-deg

j 11a) - 25.04 *A

Po := Re(v2al2a)

Pin = 14435.53 W

Po = 12990 *W

y :=

aT

VR% '=

ri = 0.9

Zep * 19.83 +49.59 *mQ

V2ap = 230 *V
j V1aj = 281.84 *V

Xrnl := ~
aa

aa

11a := V1a-(------- L - ) + Ipa

\Rcl
Xml/
Pin := R e (v ia a )

arg(l1a) 29.23 -deg

Pin

X L)]-aT2

arg(Vla) - 6.22-deg

Rcl = 20*Q

Xml - 18-0

|l1a| * 1120.99 -A

arg(l1a) -36.96 -deg

Xma * 1875 Q

V1a
Pin := Re(via-I1a)

Zep := [Rh +-j Xh -j- a2-(RL + j

I JpaI = 1100 *A arg(lpa) = -36.87 *deg

V2ap := aT V2a

Rcl :=

arg(EL) * 15.25-deg

Rca 5000-Q

12a
ipa :=
aT

12a = 80 - 60j -A

V1a = V2ap + Ipa-Zep

arg (Icom) * 30 deg

Xh) + EL-4 + V2a |V1aj = 593.86 *V

Rca := aT aT Rcl

arg(lpa) = 30*deg

lh exp(j 6)

Po ;= Re(v2ap-Ip)

Pin = 230.37 *kW

- V2a

Po 202.4 -kW

VR% :=

~ ~2ap- 100
V2ap

VR% = 22.54

t\

ti

:=
Pin

= 0.88

PROBLEM 4.42___________ __ ___________________________________________________

100

,_
V2a

V2a := 2530-V

12a = IL-exp(j *0)

112a | * 1000 *A

arg( 12a ) =-36.87 deg

aT =
2530

VR% * -1.02
ipa .= JE
aT

[ipa | * 1100*A

arg (Ipa) * -36.87 -deg

aT 0.91

PROBLEM 4.40
V2ap := aT-V2a
V2a - 600-V
12a
,f>a = aT

12a := lh-exp(j 0)
| lpa| = 125 *A

Icom := Ipa - 12a

EL

|l2a| * 25 *A

arg(lpa) = 30*deg

|Icomj * 100*A

arg(icom) * 30*deg

0.2-(12a-(Rh + j -Xh) + V2a ~ lcom(RL +j

V1a := EL + lconv(RL + j XL)

aT -
600
aT 0.2

V2ap 2300 -V

Zep := ( r L +j -XL +

X L ))

V1a = 2350.18 +30.55j *V

11a := V1a-f-------- } + Ipa

\Rch
Xmh /

jEL| - 120.87 *V

jV1a| - 118.77-V

V1a := V2ap + Ipa*Zep

arg(V1a) 1S.37 *deg

Pin := R e (v ia -la )

Zep = 19.83 +49.59j *mQ

| I1a| * 1101.73 *A

Po := Re(v2ap lp)

arg(l1a) * -36.89 -deg

VR% :=

Pin
*** = V1a ( ^ l ~ Xmj)
11a := Ipa + tya

* 1,69*A

iI1a| 125.19-A

Pin := R e ( v ia H a )
Pin * 14435.53 *W

"(H ) = ~5407 *de9

Po - 2024 *kW

arg ( 11a ) * 29.23-deg

V2anL =

* :=

Po = 12990 *W

aT
V2anL = 593.86 *V

Pin
t) = 0.9

2530
aT :=
230

Vh = 2300-V

Xh := 3-

aT

lh := 100-A

2530

XL := 30*mQ

VL := 230-V

Rh := I. 2 -Q
Xmh := I.8-k

tj = 0.99

0:=acos(O.8)

jIpa| * 100*A

Zep := Rh + j -Xh + (RL + j -XL)-a-a

VR% = -1.02

V1a := V2ap + ipa-Zep

230/2530 V connection:
aT * 0.09

aT = 11

Ipa := lh-exp(j -0)

PROBLEM 4.41
S := 230- kVA

Pin * 2050.76 -kW

_ Y?aP. oo
V2ap

VR% =2.19

PROBLEM 4.43__________ ______________________________________________________

Po := R e(v2al2a )

VR% := ^ .a n L - V? a . 100
V2a

j -* hV aT2

arg(!2a) 30-deg

IL = 1000-A

10

RL := 12- mQ

Reh := 2-kQ

0 := -acos(0.8)

V2a := 2530-V
Pin = 228.87 -kW

arg(lpa) = 36.87*deg

Rca := aT aT Rcl

Zep 2.4 +6j

Xma := aT-aT-Xml

| V1a| = 2443.03 *V

11a := V 1a-j-^ -------- ^ ) + Ipa

\Rca
Xm a/
Pin := R e (v ia -H a )

V2ap:=aT-230 V 2 a p * 2530-V

arg(V1a) m 14.8 deg

Rca = 2420 *Q

|l1a[ * 100.52*A arg(l1a) = 36.06 *deg Xma = 2178*Q

Po := Re(v2ap lp)
Po = 202:4 -kW

t\

:=
Pin
= 0.88

VR% :=

JV1a L~

^ P .ioo
V2ap

VR% = -3.44

4.25
4.26

PROBLEM 4.44

V1n := Ein + 11a (0*45 +- 2.2j)

aT := 2530
aJ = j ,
2300
ipa
IL exp(j 6)

yjg p ;= 2300-aT

V2ap = 2530 -V

Xma := aT-aTXm h

| Ipa | = 1000-A

arg(lpa) * 36.87 deg

Rca = aT-aTRch

Po = Re(v2n-l2a)-3
*
*kW

Zep := RL + j -XL + -- h + ^ >Xh

aa

Zep = 0.02 +0.06j -Q

Rca * 2420

|v ia | * 2513 97 -V

arg(V1a) = 1.42-deg

11a := V1a [ ~ ----- J ] + Ipa

\Rca
Xma /

| I1a| = 1000.18-A

arg(l1a) = 36.78-deg

Pin := R e (v ia -I1 a )
Pin * 2050.61 -kW

- V2n
a
---------------------100
V2n

Po = Re(v2aplp)

ti =

Po * 2024 -kW

11 *

V2

Ip1 := 0.5-A

Vp1
120
120
120
120

Vp2
208
208
208
208

VL1
208
120
208
120

Epj^jl

VR%;=

0.99

a^ 2&P'

" ta p

100

.
11 =
V1
m

208

V1 = 207.85 *V

V2 360.27 V

VL2
360
208
208
360

Ip1 Ip2 IL1

IL2
0.5 0.288 0.5
0.288
0.5 0.288 0.866 0.5
0.5 0.288 0.5
0.5
0.5 0.288 0.866 0.288

Three-phase transformer: 150-kVA, 2080/120 V, Y/Delta connected

V2n := 69.282-V

Sa := 50-kVA

12a := exp(j -9)

V2n

j 12a| = 721.69 -A arg(l2a) * -36.87 *deg

E2n := V2n + I2a-Z2a

11 = 721.69 *mA

Nominal ratings:

6 := -acos(0.8)

(4.5 +- 2 2 j ) ~

|E2nj = 73.41-V

E1n := E2n-a-exp(30j-deg)

a = 23.09

Sa := 2-kVA

12 = 16.67 -A

"Thus, each transformer: 2-kVA, 2771/120-V."

40-kVA

Z2a

a :=-----V2n

a 17.32

V1n = 1200-V

V2n := 120-V

a = 10

V1n:=E1n + f1aZ1a

Z2a = 1.5 +7.33J -m

arg(E2n) * 2.8-deg

j E1n| * 1271.52 -V

11a := ! H L + .exp(30j-deg)
Zmh
a
a := 1
V2

arg(E1n) = 32.8 -deg

| Maj = 41.87 A

|V1n| 1346.16 V

arg(V1n) * 35.3-deg

Pin ;= R e(vin-M a)-3

Po = Re(v2n-l2a)-3

Pin * 125.2-kW

Po = 120-kW

V2nL := V1n----- 5 5 5 ----- i

Zmh + Z1a a

arg(l1a) =-6.93 *deg

ti

1JM/
|V2nL| - V2n
VR% :=
100

:= ^

t,

= 0 96

vr%

, 12.14

PROBLEM 4.49______________________
12a := exp(j 0)
112a j = 333.33 *A arg(12a) - -41.41 -dag Zmh := J f e N Xmh

Reh + j Xmh
12a
Ipa :=
| Ipa| = 33.33 *A
arg(lpa) -41.41 *deg
Zmh * 3902.44 +4878.05j Q
9
E2n := V2n +- 12a-(4.5 +- 22j) mQ

|E2n| * 126.06-V

E in := a*E2n

j E1n| = 1260.56-V

I1a := -ilO . + |pa

Zmh

|l1a| = 33.53*A

arg(E2n) * 2.05-deg

Three-phase: 150-kVA, 1200/208-V, Delta/Y connection

Transform the parameters of delta-connection to Y-connection:
Z1a := 0 45 + 2'^
3

Z1a = 150 +733.33j *mQ

12a := 416.67*exp( - 36.87j-deg)

arg(E1n) * 2.05*deg

Z2a := (4.5 +- 22j)-mQ

arg(l1a) =-41.46 *deg

4.27

VR% = 10.21

1JAA

PROBLEM 4.47
Sa

jEInLj * 1322.57 *V

Ip2 := 0.288-A

V2 := 120-V

Sa
12 :=
V2

0.96

Transform the detta-connection on the LVS to a Y-connection:

VR% * -0.63

PROBLEM 4.46_________
V1 := 2771.28-V

t} -

Z1a := (0.45 + 2.2j)-Q

Connection:
Y -Y
D -D
Y- D
D -Y

_ Po
Rn

PROBLEM 4.48_______________________________ i_________________________

V1 := ^3-120

Phase-currents:

Pin * 93.49-kW

E1nL := V1n---------- --------------Zmh + 0.45 + 2.2j

E1nL

VR%

PROBLEM 4.45__________
S := 180-VA

arg(V1 n) * 3.92-deg

Pin = R e (v in l1 a )-3

Xma 2178 Q

V1a = V2ap + ipa-Zep

|V 1 n j-l3 2 3 *V

jI2a| = 416.67 *A

Zma :=

a :=
V2n

V2n := 120-V
V1n = 692.82-V
a = 5.77

arg(l2a) = -36.87 *deg

Zma * 1300.81 +1626.02} *Q

4.28

5
f
t

5*V

arg(E2n) - 2.8 *deg

(E1n( = 734.11 -V

PROBLEM 4.51

arg(E1n) - -27.2 *deg

[I1aj = 72.51 -A

Sa := 20-kVA

arg(11 a ) * -66.93 *deg

\/1nj = 692.82 *V
ti

Po

>

a2 := 10

a1 := 0.1

arg(IL) * -25.84 deg

|ttL| = 28.87 A

ItL := .exp(30j deg)

a2

Pin

VL = 132.79-V

j L * 288.68 *A

L := - - e x p ( j -6)
V2n

arg(V1n) * O*deg

>(v2n-l2a)-3
>-kW

0 := -acos(0.9)

arg(ltL) = 4.16-deg

Zg := Q'3- ^ 12j
3

r = 0.96
lg = exp(~30jdeg)
a1

j V2nL( - V2n
100
V2n

(Ig { * 288.68 *A

arg(lg) = -25.84 *deg

VR% = 12.14
E2n := a2*VLexp(30j*deg) + ttb( 1.2 + 4.8j + 2.5 + 2.1j + 1.2 + 4.8j)
| E2n| 1620.65 *V
E1n := E2n a1exp(-30j*deg)

rsformer:

V2n = 69.28-V

:= -acosf
Sa

arg(!2a) * -45.01 -deg

o-kn

arg(E2n) 38.6 -deg

|E1n{ 162.07V

arg(E n) = 8.6*deg

a := 10

0 = -45.01 *deg

Rca :=

Zg * 100 +400j *mQ

Vg := E1n -s- Ig-Zg

jVg| = 263.28 *V

Gen. ne Voltage:

VgL := ^ 3 -1Vg |

Pin := Re (vg-ig)*:
Xma -

8-kQ

Pin * 140.75 -kW

ag(Vg) = 26.04deg
VgL 456.02 *V

Po .= Re ( v l -il )-:
Po s 103.5 *kW

ti

ti :=

Po
Pin

= 0.74

PROBLEM 4.52
33j *m

Rca 3.33 *k

Xma - 2.67 -k

VtL := 120-85

VtL * 10200 *V

PROBLEM 4.53

I + 1626.02j *Q

Current transformation ratio: 16:1

V

arg ( E2n) - 1 .5 7 *deg

PROBLEM 4.54
arg(E1n) = 1.57 *deg
Currrent designation: 100:2.5 or 40:1
arg(11a) * -45.04 deg

PROBLEM 4.55
Voltage designation: 23000:100 or 230:1

arg(V1n) * 3.03 *deg

Zma
1
V2nL := V1n-------------------Zma + Z 1 a a

-) ,

|V2nL| 75.39-V
R%

IV2nL - V2n
V2n

100

VR% = 8.83

IL := 16-3.5

IL * 56 *A

EXERCISE 5.6
APTER-5
For a constant flux, we have

Ea1

W ENT GENERATORS
(a)

Ea2 := 4 4 0 - ^
1600

(b)

(c)

(d)

:=

Thus:

Nm1

Ea2 := E a 1 2 n
Nm1

Ea2 = 220-V

at 800 rpm

Ea2 := 440-12
1600

Ea2 * 330 -V

at 1200 rpm

Ea2 := 440 -
1600

Ea2 = 550-V

at 2000 rpm

Ea2 := 440 -
1600

Ea2 = 880 *V

at 3200 rpm

EXERCISE 5.7____________
I

N_m = 1

Hz= 1

W =1

deg 2
180

mWb^ 0.001

P =4

a := P

Lap-wound

Z := 2'Nc-C

C := 28

Nc := 5

Z - 280

:= 2 ti
60

(a)

f :=

4>p := 0.03-Wb

YB := 5

Retrogressive winding

Ecoil =
7

Yb * 9 and Yf * 11

Nm := 1200-rpm

m * 125.664

f * 4 0 -Hz
(b) Ka 120
2-na
(c) There are 7 coils per parallel path (C/a)

YB := 7

10 conductors per slot

Ecoil = 24 -V

(d)

Ea := K aflpam

Eturn :=

Ea = 168 V

Eturn * 4.8 -V
5

(e)

Econd := I

Econd = 2.4 -V

2
EXERCISE 5.8________________________________________________________________
Progressive winding

Yf = 11 and Yb = 9

Current per parallel path is the same as the current per conductor.
Thus: ia := 2 a

Yf = 23

EXERCISE 5.9

Yb = 25

P := 6

Nm := 600-rpm
Ap := 20-20-cmsq
m := ? n Nt?
60

am = 94.248

Td :=
T .
eo_ K1
wm Td * 10.695 *N m
_______________________________ ____________________________ ~

a := P

la = 8*A

Pd := Ea-la Pd = 1344-W

Ic := 12-A
tom :=

la := a-lc
Ka :=

Ea = Kad>p-<am

60
Ea =900*V

Pd := Ea la

Pd * 64800 -W

la = 7 2 -A

Z := 300

<t>m = 62.832
2-ia
Td := KaOpla

radfc
Td * 1031.324 *N m

d>p := 0.3-Wb
Ka 47.746

p r
Vt2 = Ea1 - (IL + If1)-Ra

Second Iteration:

If2-N f - mmfd
Nf
Ea2 := 152 V

11 2 := "?
Rf
From the graph:
Third Iterafion:
If3 :=

Vt2 = 144.533 *V

EXERCISE 5.22

lfe2 - 2.133 *A

Po := Vt-IL

Pd := Ea-(IL + If)

Pin := V t(IL + If) + (IL + lf)2 Ra + Pr

Vt3 := Ea2 - (IL +- If2)-Ra Vt3 = 141.548 -V

Vt3

ti

lfe3 := lP^ L f - mmfd

Nf

Rf
From the graph:

Rf

lf 4 N f - mmfd

Ife4 :=

Ea4 := 151-V

If := If4

Vt := Vt4

----Vt-(IL + If) + (IL + If)2-Ra + Pr

Ea := Vt -b (IL + lf)-Ra

Pcu := (IL + If)2-Ra + l^-Rf

Po 7000-W

Pcu = 853.584 *W

Vt-lf := ir-Rfo

IL2 Ra .= Pr + If^ R a + Rf)n

EXERCISE 5.23
Po := Vt-IL

If4 * 2.196 *A

Po := 140-IL

Implies that;

Note:

Vt4 = 140.558 V

Ife4 = 2.071 *A

Nf
From the graph:

Vt-IL

d
5 ti := On

Vt4 := Ea3 - (IL + lf3) Ra

If4 :=

:=

Ife3 * 2.087 A

Ea3 := 151-V

Fourth Iteration:

Hence,

Ea := Vt + (IL + lf)-Ra

Ea * 150.997 -V

Pd := Po + Pcu

Pin := Pd + 1200

Ea := Vt + IL-(Ra + Rs)

Pd := Ea-IL

Pin := Vt-IL +- IL2 (Ra + Rs) + Pr

n .= -------

Vt-IL

Vt-IL + IL2-( Ra + Rs) + Pr

ti

Po
Pin

Ts :=

n * 0.773

Pd * 7853.584 *W

Pin 9053.584 *W

Pin

H
r\ := On
dlL

Implies that:

2
IL (Ra + Rs) := Pro

Ts = 72.046 *N m

com

EXERCISE 5.24

_____

EXERCISE 5.15______
Short-shunt:

Vt := 120-V

Po

Po
IL =
Vt

am := 2- n- Nm
60

50- kW

Nm - 900-rpm Rf = 45-Q

Ra := 0.09-Q

Po := Vt-IL

Ea := Vt + IL-Rs + ( IL + lf)-Ra

Pr := 5-kW
Pin := Vt-<IL. + If) + IL-(IL + lf)-Rs +- (IL + lf)2-Ra

IL o 416.667 *A
Pd := Ea la

If

om = 94.248

Rf

la := IL + If

If = 2.667 -A

Pin := Pd + Pr

la - 419.333 *A Ea * 157.74-V

Po

x\ :=

Ts :=

Pin
Pd 66.146 *kW

Pin = 71.146 *kW

tj *

Ea = Vt-t- la-Ra

Vt-IL
*1 := ----------------Vt-IL + Vt-lf * IL2-Rs + IL-lf-Rs + (IL + If)2-Ra

~ T l := 0o

am

0.703

Ea

Is = 237.5 *A
Rd :=

Is-0.03
Id

Hence

Id = 3 0 0 - I s

Id = 6 2 .5 * A

mmf := Ns-IL

T, ;= -----------------------------------Vt-IL
Vt-( IL + If) + (IL +- If)2-( Ra + Rs) + Pr^
t] := 0a

d IL

Rs := 0.05-Q

Ns := 5

Equivalent If:

Pr := 1200-W
If :=

Ea = Vt + IL-(Ra + Rs) + lf-(Ra + Rs)

Rd 0.114 *3

EXERCISE 5.17
Ra := 0.2- Q

IL2-(Ra + Rs) := Pr + If^R a + Rf)n

Pin := Vt-(IL + If) + (IL + lf)2-(Ra + Rs) + Pr

Since there is only 90 V drop, the series gen. should only supply 95 V.

0.4

Implies that:

Ts * 754.879 *N m
Long shunt:

Is :=

\f-RU

Pin

EXERCISE 5.16

Ea := 95

Vt-lf :=

mmf
200

IL := 140-A
If = 3.5 -A

la := IL
5.4

Implies:

IL2-(Ra + Rs) := Pr + H*-(Ra + Rs + Rf)o

EXERCISE 5.11
P := 8

From the curve:

C := 95

a =2

0>p - 0.5-Wb

Nc := 5

Nm := 600-rpm

Z ~ 2-Nc-C

m -

Z * 950

Ka - E l l i .

60
Ic := 20

la - a le

Ea := Ka <Dp fi>m

la 40 -A

Pd := Eala

2-ji-a

<am = 62.832

Ka * 604.789

Td = Ka lp la

Pd = 760 *kW

Td = 12095.776 -N_m

For a PM gen;
Pd := Ea la

Nm := 2000-rpm
Ea := Vt + la-Ra

Pd 10240*W

Ea - Vt
VR% = - - 1 0 0
Vt
Power input:

VR% = 6.667

Pin := Pd + Pr

2n*Nm
am = ---------60

Ea - 256 *V
P r 1024*W

Vt = 124.8 -V

Po := Vt IL

Pin = 11264 *W

Po = 9600 *W

Applied torque:

Ts -
Ts = 53.782 *N m
t| ;= _ _c_
m
Pin
*1s -852
EXERCISE 5.13______________________________________________________ _________
Vf := 120-V

Vf
Ifni :=
Rf
At rated load:

Rfw := 30-Q

Rf = Rfw

Ra := 0.01-Q

Ifni = 4 *A

from magnetization curve:

Vnl = 285-V

IL := 1000*A

la = IL

N f= 500-tums

Armature demagnetizing mmf:

mmfd = 0.25-la

Field mmf:

Net mmf:

mmff = Nf-Ifni

The equivalent field current: If =

Thus,

Vt := Eafl - la-Ra

Vnl - Vt
VR% = _ - - 1 0 0
Vt
Pinm := Pd + Pr

Pin := Pinm + Vf-lfnl

Td :=

7! :=

m
EXERCISE 5.14

EPinl

(Ea no-load)

mmf = mmff - mmfd

Po
1

Ra := 0.025-Q

Vf := Vt + IL-Rs

At half-load: IL := 50-A
First Iteration:
If1 :=
Rf
From the graph:

= 0.741

Rs := 0.015-Q

V f * 241,875-V
Pd = 31.866 *kW

- - Pin
TS

If = 5-A

E a = V f+ la -R a
Po := Vt-IL

Pcu = la2 Ra +- If-Vf + IL2-Rs

Pin := Pd + 3-kW

Pcu * 1.866 *kW

Pin * 34.866kW

P ln

am 125.664

Ts = 187.58- N m

la = IL + If

Ea = 245.125 -V

la = 130-A

Po * 30 kW

At/pole

_ . 2-n-Nm
tm := ---------60

Eafl = 278-V

percent

Po := Vt-IL

Pd = Eafl-la

Po * 268-kW

Pd 278 *kW

Pinm * 288*kW

Nm - 600-rpm

cam 62.832

El

Pin

n = 0.86

____________________________________________________ __

240-200

Po * 48 *kW

R := 0.08 + 0.02 +- 0.025

If := 4-A

la := 204-A

Ea := 240 + ia-R

Pd * 54.162*kW

Pin * 288,48 *kW

Pin := Pd + 1500 + 250

Ea = 265.5 -V

Pcu := la2-R +240-lf

Pcu * 6.162 *kW

Po
^
Pin
^ = 0.858
EXERCISE 5.20_____________________________________________________________
Po := 230-75

Pin = 55.912 kW

Po * 17.25 *kW

Ea := 230 + ls-0.02 + 77-0.04 + 2

Pd - Ea-77

Pd - 18.196 *kW

If := 2-A

Js

??

0.08
(0.02 + 0.08)

Ea * 236.312 -V
Id := 77 - Is

Pcu := 772-0.04 + ld2-0.08 + ls2-0.02 + 230-lf + 2-77

Pcu = 0.946 kW

Td * 4583.662 -N m

Id * 15.4 -A
Pin := Pd + 1200

Pin = 19.396 *kW

Is * 61.6 A
ii :=
Pin

ri * 0.889

n * 0.929
EXERCISE 5.21 __________________________________________________________

Rf = 64-Q

mmfd := 0.5-50

tom =

Ra = .2-Q

Vt1 = 160 - (IL -h 2.5)-Ra

Ife1 := lf1

125.664

1. - fd
Nf

wm = 2-n Nm
60

Ts = 554.914 -N m

~&m

Po

IL := 125-A

n =

Pd := Ea la

mmf 1750

When the resistance is plotted on Fig. 26, the field current is 2.5 A and
the no-load voltage is 160 V.

Pd * 22.372 *kW

60

Nm = 600-rpm

Vt * 268 *V

VR% = 6.343

turnssi

Pr := 10-kW

If * 3.5 A

Nf

From the curve, induced emf at full load:

om := 1200-2

$
Pin := Pd + P r

EXERCISE 5.19
At no-load:

Pd := Ea la

Po - 17.472 -kW

Pd := Ea-ia

percent

Po - Vt-IL

Ea * 159.8 *V

EXERCISE 5.18 ___ ______________________________________________________________ f

Ra := 0.4-Q

Pr := .1-Pd

Ea := 0.94-EanL

n
Vt := Ea - la-(Ra + Rs)

Vt := 240-V
IL = 40-A
la = IL

Account for AR:

kW = 1000

EXERCISE 5.12
Vt := 240 V

EanL := 170-V

2-n- 1200

am

-----------60

Po .= Vt-IL
Thus:

Ea := Vt +IL Ra

Pd - Ea-IL

Pin = Pd + Pr

Pin := Vt-IL +- IL2-Ra t II2*Rf + Pf

Nf := 200-turns

___________ VML_________

Vt1 * 149.5-V

Vt-IL + IL2 Ra + If2-R f+ Pr

Ife1 * 2.211 -A

-n := 0 B
d llL I
0

Ea1 := 155-V
5.3

Implies that:

IL2-Ra = Pr + l^-Rfo

ss

Units:

rpm = 1

A =1 V =1 W =1

N m=1

Wbs 1

kW = 1000 Q = 1

mWb = 0.001

cm = 0.01

mQ=0.001
cmsq = 10

deg

PROBLEM 5.9
180
P := 4

-4

a := P

C = 48

P. T
Ka :=------2-n-a
Sp = 6

Progressive:

Yf := - 1
4

Yf * 11

Z := 10-C

L := 10.8-cm

1.2

r:= 12.5-cm

Nm :=' 1200rpm

' Ap := .15*L

H zM

<&p:=Ap-B

Yb - 9
<om := - -ft
60

Retrogressive: Yf 9 and Yb = 11

(b)

There are 4 parallel paths and the current per path is 50 A

Ea := Ka O>p <am

Ecoil =
12

(a)

Ea 186.624 *V

Ka * 76.394

f _ P Nm

Ecoil s 15.552 *V

120

PROBLEM 5.2
II
O.
CO

(d) Conductors/path:
Sp = 3

Progressive: Yf = 5

(c)

Since there are 4 parallel paths, the current per path is 10 A.

Econd =
Zp

Eturn := Econd-2

Econd * 1.555V

f * 40 -Hz

Eturn = 3.11 *V

PROBLEM 5.10

PROBLEM 5.3
Sp := 9

Progrssive: Yf= 17 and Yb * 19. Retrogressive; Yf = 19 and Yb 17.

a := 2

Ka :=

The armature current is 160 A

(b)

PROBLEM 5.4
Sp := 6

Zp = a

and Yb * 3, Retro: Yf= 3 and Yb - 5

Progressive: Yf * 11 and Yb * 13

Retrogressive: Yf = 13 and Yb - 11

2-n-a

Ecoil:=
12

(c)

Ka = 152.789

Ea - Ka-tip-am

Ecoil * 31.104 -V

Eturn = Econd-2

Ea 373.248 -V

(a)

Econd :=
Zp

Eturn 6221 *V

(d)

Econd * 3.11 -V

The armature current is 72 A.

PROBLEM 5.11

PROBLEM 5.5
Yc := 21 ~ 1
2
Yc - 21 t J2

P := 6
Yc = 10
Yc = 11

m. .;s-------2-n*r-L
Ap
P

For a progrssive winding: Yf * Yb * 11

Yc * 7

Yc 8

For a retrogressive winding: Yf Yb * 7

For a progressive winding: Yb = 9 and Yf - 7

Yc = 6

L := 12-cm
:= --------2 -Nm
um
60

Op = 13.898 *mWb
Eturn ;= 50011
Nc
Eturn = *S V

c (=

Z = 1.152 103
Nm := 900-rpm
Ea := Ka-Op wm

2x*a
Ka * 183.346

Ea 240.164 -V

PROBLEM 5.8
For a retrogressive winding: Yf = Yb = 9
Current in each coil 50 A

Econd = Eturn
Econd = U 2SV

Nm2 := 600-rpm

E a 2 : ^ - E a
Nm

E a2^ 160.11 *V

Nm2 := 450-rpm

Ea2 :=
Ea
Nm

Ea2 = 120.082 -V

Nm2 = 1200* rpm

_ - , Nm 2_
Ea2 := ------- Ea
Nm

f :=

P Nm
120
f = 45*Hz

P*Nm2
120

For a retrogressive winding Yf = 7 and Yb = 5

Armature current = 60 A

Yc = 9

Z := 2-Nc-C

PROBLEM 5.12

PROBLEM 5.7

1 9 -1
Yc := ---------

a :=
. B'Ap
o
Op

Ecoil := Ea
Ct
Ecoil 3o V

Armature current * 50 A

Y c . 13" 1
2

Nc := 12

r := 15.8 cm

Ap * 198.549 *cmsq

PROBLEM 5.6

YC = 1 5 ^ 1
2

C - 48

B := 0.7 T
Current per path * 40 A

Y c 15' 1
2

a =P

for a retrogressive winding Yf = 11 and Yb * 9

5.7

Ea2 320.219 *V

f * 30 *Hz

f :=

P*Nm2
120

f - 22.5 -Hz

f :=

P-Nm2
120

f s 60*Hz

PROBLEM 5.16
P := 8
Ea := 240,164-V

>*A

a := P

Pd

Td = 76.447 *N m

wm
Pinm

Ts

Nc = 6

lc - 12.5-A

Nm := 1600-rpm

Z = 2-C-Nc

Ea = 120-V

2-n-Nm
wm := ---------60

C := 72

am = 30-n
la - Ic-a

_____________________

Ts = 84.941 *N m

am

la = 100A

P-Z
2 s-a

Ka :=

Ea

Op :=

Pd := Ea la

T =1

Ka-<m

Ka * 137.51

Op 5.208 -mWb

Pd * 12 -kW
P-Z

For wave wound:

a := 2

la := le a

la 25 *A
Pd := Ea la

Ea 480 *V

Ea := Ka-0p-m

Ka * 550.039

2-n-a
Pd = 12*kW

iven expression, Ea per rpm is

PROBLEM 5.17___
Ea1 ( If) := 600-Ea(lf)
At 400 rpm:

P :--4

Ea3( !f) := 400- Ea ( If)

Ae :=

a =2
2 - -r-l0 7
P

Ae = 558.575 *cmsq
am :=

Nm := 560-rpm

2-Tt-Nm

B := 0.9-T

Z := 2-Nc-C

Op := B-Ae

Ka =

60

P-Z
2-n-a

Ea * 266.507 *V

Ea = Ka-Opam

Op * 50.272 -mWb
Z =284
Ka * 90.4
m = 58.643

Td ~

Pd = E ala

la = 40-A

L := 20-cm

r = 25.4-cm

Nc := 2

C := 71

am
Td = 181.783 *N_m

Pd = 10.66 *kW
PROBLEM 5.18.
Ea := 120-V
am :=

Nm = 1800-rpm

2-n-Nm

Ea.

130

a10:=157

Ea5 = 140

Eae := 145

E a = 158

Ea12 - 159

Pr := 2500-W
VR% = E- - 1 0 0
Vt

V t E a - la-Ra

60

am = 188.496
Po

Ra = 0.02Q

Vt = 116 *V

VR% = 3.448

Pin := Ea-la + Pr

Vt-la

Po * 23.2 *kW

Pin * 2 6 . 5 -kW

,= Pin
m

:=

Ts 140.587 *N_m

Po
Pin

T| = 0.875

PROBLEM 5.19.
la := 100-A
m1 -

2--Nm1
60

Nm1 := 1200-rpm
Po = Vt-la

Vt = E a - la-Ra
Pd = Ea-la

V I* 1 1 8 * V
Pin = Pd + Pr

Nm1
Nm

PROBLEM 5.23
/f := 120 -V

Nf = 100

Vt = 250-V

Eafl := Vt + la-Ra

Eafl 122.5 -V

fe * 0.6 -A

----8-Eafl

mmfd * 10

m m fs 70.049
,.A

Ra := 0.05-Q

L :=
Vt

L * 200 -A

Pr = 5-kW

Pd := Ea la

Pirim := Pd + Pr

Pd * 52 *kW

Pinm * 57 -kW

Ts :=

m := 2

Nm := 600-rpm

Ea = Vt + L-Ra

- n
60

If :=
Rfw

Ea * 260 -V

wm = 62.832

VR% = 4

Pin - Pinm + Vf f
%

Po
V -= -

Pin * 57.4 *kW

n = 0.871

87.1%

PROBLEM 5.24___________ _________ ___________________________________________

Ra := 0.2-Q

If

la := ~
Ra
= 0.85

ti

la := IL

VR% := - - 100
Vt

Ts * 907.183 *N_m
VR% := - ?- - ~ - V--100
Vt

<W

Rfw := 100-Q Vf := 200-V

If 2 *A

E an l:-20? 0Jf
5 + 8- If

VR% * 10.099

Po = 50-kW

or 85%

Rf

65-Q

la s 50 *A

Er := 10-V

Gen. will not build up, If * 0 A

Short circuit current.

PROBLEM 5.25 __ __________

Vt := 120 V

IL = 50 A

Po := Vt-IL

Po * 6*kW

tarn :=
60

Ea = 120-V

la = 100-A

. . p j
a .= Ea-la

m
2-n-1600
m = -----------60

d * 12*kW

m 167.552

;=

-100

Tl *0 .8 5 2

:= Ea - la-Ra

Rf :=
If

2000----- = Vt + (IL + lf)*Raa

5 + 8- Ife
Rfec := Rf - 50

Ea - Vt , nn

Po

ti

Vt

-------

Ea = 122.449 *V
No-load:

Yields

If := 0.7-A

Rfr * 121.429 *Q

Ife := If ~ .1

Pin := Pd + 850

Pd * 6.208 *kW

IL = 0

* 0.887

or 88.7%

Vt1
If1 :=
Rf

First Approx.

Ife1 := If1 - .1

Second Approx:
Vt2

If = 1 A

Ra = 0.05-Q

t i

Pin

Pin * 7.058 *kW

Vt1 := Ea - If-Ra

Vt1 * 122.414-V

Pin
tj

Ra := .25-fl

Rf * 171.429 Q

Ea := 2000----- Pd := Ea (lf + IL)

5 + 8-Ife

Po * 11.969 *kW

= ----------------- 1 0 0

tfe := If - 0.1 n

Ife * 0.6 -A

or 85.2%

Po = Vt-la

t * 478.75 -V

However

n =
Pin

Vt

or

100

Rf := 90 Q

Vf := 90-V

Ea - Vt
VR% := ~ - m *

Ea1 := 2000-

Ife1
Ie
5 + 8lfe1

Vt2 := Ea1 ~ Itt Ra

^

Ea1 * 123.899 -V
^

____

Ife2

= 123 863*V

t) * 0.85

Up-

If = 5-A

Ea := 240.5 V
fi>m :=

la := IL + If
la * 105 -A

2-n-Nm

60

VtnL := 245 V
VR% .=

~ Vt. 100

PROBLEM 5.29

P := 8

Vt := 240'V

Ra := 0.2-Q

Ka * 509.296

K a = ^

Rf := 240Q

IL := 20 A

If := 1-A

a := 2 Nm := 600-rpm

la = IL +If

Pr = 280-W

2-n-a

V t

Ea := Vt + la-Ra

armature reaction is the reason.

800

Op

Ea

la 21 *A

Po = Vt-IL

Ea - 244.2 -V
(Dp = 7.631 *mWb

am :=

2n-Nm

60

Po-4.8*kW

Kawm

ven in Figs. 5.21 and 26 are

Po
Pin

Pin = Eala + Pr

Ts

Pin * 5.408 *kW

tj

Pin
com

Ts 86.074N m

= 0 .8 8 8

PROBLEM 30____
1200-rpm

Rf = 37.5Q

Pr := 1800-W

P := 4

a := P

P-Z
2--a
Ka * 63.662

Ka :=
o>m =

2-*Nm

60

m = 125.664

= Pd + Pr

ri :=

* 17.92-kW
la - If

Op = 20-mWb

Vt := Ea - Vt ( + }-Ran
\R f

^
Rf
I f * 1.441 *A
If

m := 40-*

RL := 10-Q

fa :=

il

If

la * 15.855 A

T) * 0.837

*>

Pr = 500-W
Vt := 144.14-V

RL/

Po := Vt-IL

Pin

Po * 2.078 *kW

Pin = 3.037 *kW

Ea-la

= -684

PROBLEM 5.31___

Ea1 =155-V

Z := 140

i2 := 4.5

*3 ~

E2 := 157

E3 = 158

Nm = 1000-rpm

Ifn := n-0.5

n := 0 ..8

Et := 155

Z := 400

Po
Pin

n := 1..3
*1 := *

Ea 160*V

Vt
RL
IL * 14.414 *A

Po
Pin

Ra := 1-Q

Ea - KaOp*<am

IL :=

:= 155 V

Rf := 100 Q

Ea4 := 120
cam := 2-n-

Nm
60

Eas := 123

Ea0 :=8

Ea1 = 60

Ea2 = 100

Ea3 =116

Ea6 := 125

Ea? := 126

Ea8 = 127

Rf := 40-Q

Vfn := If-Rf
n

From Graph:
EanL := 125 V

Critcal resistance is: Rc := 120-Q

Ka :=

Z-P
2-n-a

Opr :=

Er
Kaum

Ra := 0.1-Q

E r 8
Opr * 3.429 *mWb

Pr

, *

Vf
If := 1 1

PROBLEM 3 2 _______
At load:

If -

E a fL = 12 4 -.9 5

If s* 2 .7 5 -A

y *

For

Rf
la : =

EaU. - V t

If = 8 . 1 3 3 -A Shnut-field mmf:

IL * 75 .25 -A

IL := ia - If

fa = 7 8 *A

Rs

0 .0 3 -p

m m f := Ife -N f

H e n c e , m m f o f th e s e rie s fie ld :
P cu := la la - R a + V t- lf

P o = 8 .2 7 7 *k W
Po
il : = ----Pin

P c u - 9 1 0 .9 W

P r := P cu

VR%

N s = 0 5
IL

Pin * 1 0 .0 9 9 * k W

R :=

Ea := 135 V

Ea - Vt
IL

R a = 0.1 *Q

4167

IL1 :=

W hen:

E a := V t -t- IL -R

E a *1 3 2 *V

If 4 .8 6 *A

1 3 0 := V t + IL1 -R n

IL1 = 3 4 .7 2 5 *A

>

E a := V f-h la -0 .0 5
P r := 8 0 0 -W

Vt

R * 0 .1 5

IL = 5 0 - A

V t := 1 2 5 V

P R O B L E M 5.3 4

la := IL + If
E a = 1 2 4 .2 4 3 -V

Pin

= Pd + Pr

la

= 2 0 -A

Rs

R a := 0 .0 8 -f l

V t := 7 5 -V

E a := V t + l a ( R s + R a )

Vf=121.5-V

la 54 .86 -A

0 . 0 2 'Q

P o := 6 0 0 0 -W

IL:=
120

P d := E a l a

Ea
S in c e E a * K a <Dp <am, a n d <&pKp la , E a = K la, w h e re K - K a K p cam

Thus:

P d*6.816-kW

Pin = 7 .6 1 6 *k W

If :=
25

r| :=
Pin

la := IL + If

E a * 12 4.38 4 -V

Pin := P d + 800

P d - 6 .8 1 6 *k W

Ea = 7 7 *V

Pd := Ea la

= 0.7 8 8

tj

P R O B L E M 5.3 7

E a := 120 + la - { 0 .0 5 + 0 .0 3 )

N m := 1 2 0 0 -rp m

V f := 120 + I L 0 . 0 3

25

R s := 0 .0 5 f i

(b ) IL := 8 0 A

120

P R O B L E M 5 . 3 3 ____________________

R a := R - R s

m m fs = 7 7 3 .3 3 3

N e e d 8 tu m s /p o le

P o = 6 0 0 0 -W

IL := 1 0 0 -A

m m f * 2.4* 103

m m fe := m m f - m m fs h

N s = 7 .7 3 3

%
If :=

V t := 120 V

Ife = 1 2 -A

P R O B L E M 5 .3 6 ___________________________________________________________________________________

= ^ 5 * = -10 0
VI

V R % = 13 .636

T s = 96 .441 *N _ m

>

Pin := Po + P c u + P r

P r * 9 1 0 .9 * W

_
Pin
T s : = ----am

il = 0 .8 2

mmfsh = 1 .6 2 7 -1 0

E a = V t + ( I L + lf ) R a +- I L R s Ea = 1 2 8 .4 0 7 *V

T h u s , m m f re q u ire d :

Ra
P o := Vt-JL

mmfsh := 2 0 0 - If

Rf

Vt := 110 V

IL * 5 0 *A

If * 4 . 8 - A

ia * 5 4 .8 -A

,= Po

Pin = 7 .6 1 6 -k W

*1 = 0 .7 8 8

Pin

P R O B L E M 5 , 3 8 _______________________________________________________________________________

la
In c re a s e in m m f fro m n o -lo a d t o fu ll lo a d is (1 0 - 8) 5 0 0 * 1000 A t/p o le . T h is in c re a s e can a lso
(b ) I f V t s=120 V :

E a := 1 2 0 + l a ( R s + R a )

120

la :=

Thus:

K = 3 .8 5

B u tE a = K la

b e o b ta in e d by a d d in g n s e rie s tu rn s . In th a t case, th e cu rre n t th ro u g h th e s e rie s fie ld is 100 A .

la = 3 2 -A

K - R s - Ra
T h u s , s e rie s tu rn s 1 0 0 0 / 1 0 0 = 10 tu rn s .
(c ):

V t := 1 0 0 -V

la := 2 5 - A

Ea1 := V t + la ( R a + R s )

Ea1 = 1 0 2 .5 *V
P R O B L E M 5 .3 9 ______________________________________________________________

a t 1 8 0 0 rp m :

E a := K l a

E a - 9 6 .2 5 *V
V t := 2 4 0 V

S in c e Ea1 > Ea, S p e e d m u s t h e h ig h e r.

N m l -.= N m

Ea1

N m 1 1 .2 7 8 *1 0

Po := 4 8 -k W

R s := 0.04-Q

R f := 200-Q

Ea

P r := 2 5 0 0 'W

P d := Pin - P r

Pd * 51.5 -k W

IL :=
Vt

T h u s : N e w s p e e d * 1 2 7 8 rp m
P R O B L E M 5.3 5
n = 0 ..9

E a := ^
la

If := n *2

E a 4 := 1 2 0

E a 1 := 50

Ean = 5

E a5 := 1 2 5

E a2 := 9 0

E a 3 := 11 2

R a := Ea ~ ^

E a? := 130 E a g : = 131

" !a : ^ s
la

IL = 2 0 0 * A

If :=
Rf
lf = 1 .2 * A

la := IL + If

la=201.2*A

Po

R a := 0 .0 5 -Q
Ea * 2 5 5 .9 6 4 -V

E a := 1 2 8

P in := 5 4 -k W

-rp m

R a 0.0 3 9 -Q

Pin

ij = 0 .8 8 9

E a9 = 1 3 1 .5
P R O B L E M 5 .4 0 ________________________________ ___________________________ __________________

N f := 2 0 0
V n L := 1 2 0 V
A tfu ll- lo a d :
R f :=

VnL

N m := 1 2 0 0 *rp m
im p lie s :
V t := 1 2 0
Rf = 15

P o := 5 0 -k W

If := 8 -A
IL := 1 0 0 -A

IL :=
Vt

V t := 2 5 0 -V

R a := 0.0 5-Q

IL = 2 0 0 A

R s := 0.01 - f i

Nf

100

P r := 4 7 5 0 -W

If := 5 -A

N s := 2
Id := 41 - A

V f := V t + IL R s
ia := IL + If

If

5.15

la = 2 0 5 -A

Is := ta - Id

Is 164 *A
5.16

T
= Ea-la

Pin = Pd + Pr

am : 20-n

|
1

3.687-kW

Pin * 58.437*kW

New arm. reaction:

lari := far- ( ~ \
\ la

Ts = 930.061 *N_m

jfe .= |fl * ^5^*1 _ Iar1

Nf

fe = 2.142 *A

EaL = Vt + ia 1 {R a + Rs)
VI := 250-V

Rf = y t

NmL = EaL

If

mmf * 828

lari - 0.062 *A

=>

Ea1 := 186V

EaL = 210.2 *V

Nm1 := 1200-rpm

Ea1

NmL 1.356*10 *rpm

Hence new speed = 1356 rpm

PROBLEM 5.43_______________________________________________________________

5Q

Rf * 50 *Q
same Pd=>

Po - 10-kW

la = 205-A

'k
lyc* Z f
mmfs .= mmf - mmfeh
a sozzpa

Po
IL :=
Vtr

Vtr := 125 V

IL * 8 0 -A

Rf := 50-Q

For flat-compound:

Ra := 0.01Q

Rs := 0.02C2

Vt := 100 V

Ns := 5 Nf := 500

-If
"00

mmfs * 328
a o .o ^ G q _

112

E,

E.4 = 180

= 24-kW

Vt := 120-V

Ns -.= 4

:= 0.04'

Rf := 100-Q

Nf := 2000

2*A

If * 2 -A

mmfsh = If-Nf

adjust Rd to 4 6 m

150

If :=
Rf

la := IL + If

la * 82 -A

mmfsh * 1*103

|S r HH!*
Ns

|d := |a - Is

Is = 60 *A

Id * 22 -A

Pr := 740-W

mmfs - 300

Rd :=

Po = Vt-IL

Given

Po * 8*kW

Pcu := ld2-Rd + ls2-Rs + la2-Ra + If^Rf

Id

Rd * 0.055 *Q

Pin := Po + Pcu + Pr

Pcu * 365.64 *W

pQ

Pin 9.106*10 3 .\a/

*W

^ ~ Pin

n 0 879

PROBLEM 5.44
IL

75-A

Vt := 440 V

If := 2.5A

Rs := 0.5-Q

Rd = 1.5-Q

Ra := 0.2-Q

la
la .= IL + If

Is = IL-----Id := IL - Is
Rs + Rd

la 77.5 -A
Vf = Vt + Is Rs

Is = 56.25-A

Pr := 1000-W

Id = 18.75*A

Ea := Vf + la-Ra

Po = Vt lL

V f= 468.125-V

Ea = 483.625 *V

Po = 33 -kW

Pin := Pd + Pr

r\

Pd := Eala

ife

Pin = 38.481 *kW

Po
- -

Pin

n=0
^

Pd - 37.481 *kW

[T

Units: Qh1 A s 1 v = 1 WM
mOM
KWs 1000

rpm=1 Wb=1 mWb = .001 N *1

N m=1 T =1 mT =0.001

PROBLEM 6.5
Vs := 230-V
' '
Rs := 1.25-0

PROBLEM 6.1
P =6

a - P

Z := 180

la := 25 -A <Dp := 0.5-Wb

Nm = 900-rpm

:=

com

2 -n

60
Ka :=

Td := Ka-Op-la

2-n-a

Ka * 28.648

Ea := Ka-Op-am Ic :=
a

Td 358.099 *N_m

Ea = 1350 *V Ic = 4.167 *A

la := 15-A

Nm := 1800-rpm

am := Nm-2
Ra = 2.1-0
60
EafL = Vs - la-R
EafL = 179.75 *V

R := Ra + Rs R = 3.35 -fi

Light load:

Ia1 := 5-A

i.
Since Op a la:

Ea1 := Vs - Ia1-R

Ea1
Kakfla1-am1
------ = -------------------- d=>
EafL
Ka-kf-la-am

Ea1 = 213.25*V

.
Ea1 la
ml = T -l.-T -o m
EafL Ia1
<am1 = 670.876

current/conductor

u
ami
Nm1 = ^ - 6 0
2-n

Nm1 = 6406.398-rpm

PROBLEM 6 .6 _________ ;_________________________ ___________ ____________________

PROBLEM 6 .2 _______ ___ _______________________________ ___ ___________________
Vs := 240-V
P =2

a =P

2 := 1600

la := 80-A

(a := 25-A

Ra := 0.2-0

Rs := 0.3-0

Ea := Vs - la-(Ra + Rs) Pd = Ea-la

Z-P
Ka := ------2-n-a

Td := Ka-Op-la

Ea * 227.5 -V

Td * 1018.592 *N m

Ope := Op-(1 - .12)

Td := Ka-Ope-la

Po := Pd - 300

Pd - 5687.5 -W Po * 5387.5 W

P - 'j: = la 2-(Rs + Ra) ^

(b)

Nm := 900-rpm am

Op := 50-mWb

^ :=
am

Td = 896.361 -N jn

Pin = Vs-la
Pin * 6000 *W

F =
0.1

Pin

Pcu = 312.5^VV Ts * 57.163 *N_m r\ = 0.898

2-n
60
am = 94.248

F 571.632 *N

Fkg := J L
9.81
Fkg 58.27

Kg (wt.)

PROBLEM 6 .3 ___________ ___________________________________ __ ________________

PROBLEM 6 / ___________ _______ ________________________________ ______________
Td1 := 20- N_m

Ia1 := 25-A
Vs := 230-V

Td2 _ K aO p2la2
Td1

>

Ka-Op1-la1

Td2 = Td1 0.8-1.4

Td2 = 22.4 *N m

Ra + Rs Ea1 := Vs - Ia1-R

Kakf :=
PROBLEM 6.4 \
Vs := 125 V
Pd
Td :=
am

Po := 7460-W

Nm := 2750-rpm

Td * 25.905 *N_m Ra := 0.08-Q

Ea-la := (Vs - la-RVIao

or

am := 2-n- Nm

Pd = Po
Rs = 0.07 0

Ia1 = 50-A Ra := 0.4-0

Pflj

Ia1-am1

Ia2 := 20-A

Nm1 := 1200-rpm
ami * 125.664

Ea2 * 210-V

Nm2 = -60 Td2 := Kakf-la2-la2

2-n
Nm2 = 3500 *rpm

am i = Nm1-2
60

Td1 = 71.62-N_m

Ea2 = Vs - Ia2-R

am2 - 366.519

.15-la2 - 1251a + 7460 := 0o*>

Ea1 = 180'V

Td1 := Kakf-la1-la1

wm2 := - ^
Kakfla2

R = Ra * Rs

Rs = 0.6-0

Td2 = 11.459*N_m

Tch% - - d1 ~ Td2-100
Td1
Tch% = 84

Percent

la := 64.7-A
PROBLEM 6 .8 _______________________________ _______________________ ___________

Pin - Vs-la

Pin * 8087.5 *W

Po
n =

Ea = Vs - la-R
(b)

Ea 115.295 *V

Po := 8-746
_ Pd
am

Pd - Po

-15- Ia1 125-la1 + Pd ;= 0b

Ea1 := Vs - Ia1-R

r\ :=

Vs

P'n

Nm := 3200-rpm

Td * 17.809 *N_m

*1 * 0.922

Pin - Vs-la1

Pin
Ea1 * 117.373 *V

Since flus is proportional to la, percent flux reduction:

Id = IL - Is

Ns := 5
Since:

mmf = Ns-ls

Rd := 0.6-0

ld = 40*A

:=
Ea
Nm

Pd := Eal la
--------100 = 21.413

mmf * 300
=*>

Po = Pd - Pr

Nm1 := 1200
Ea
Pin = Vs-IL

Pr := 1250-W

'
la := IL

From mag. curve:

Ea = 210-V

Nm1 891.429 *rpm mi = 2-n

60
Ts .=
ami

^ =

Ts * 153.722 *N_m

rj * 0.718

Pin

percent
Pd = 15.6 *kW Po 14.35*kW Pin = 20*kW
6.7

?
I
I

Rs -- 0.4-0

Ea1 := Vs - la-Ra - Is-Rs Ea1 = 156-V

Pin = 6355 75 -W

la - Ia1

Is 60 *A

Ra = 0.2-0

Pd * 5968 *W

la 1 := 50.846-A

Tj = 0.939

IL := 100-A

Rrl
ts - IL-----
Rs + Rd

am := 2 k
60
s>

200-V

PROBLEM 6.9

PROBLEM 6.11

la, - 7 A

n - 1..4
E 1 := 347-V

la2 := 10.5 A

E2 = 393-V

la3 = 14-A

E3 := 434-V

la4 ;= 27.5-A

E4 := 458-V

Vs - 500 V

R := 3.5-Q

Pr := 450 W

Vs .= 120 V

Ra := 0.8Q

No-Load: ILnL = 2-A

Nc = 600- rpm
Ea : = V s - l a n- R

Nmn := Nc-

Ea

/Nm
Pfan. = 8-746-j n
700

Full-load: IL = 7-A
P n = E V ,a n - 4 5 0

The scales are selected

by trial and error.

NmnL = N m -

EanL = Vs - lanL-Ra

PdnL := EanL-lanL

lanL = 1.5-A

EanL = 118.8-V

PdnL = 178.2 *W

Pd = Ea la

la = 6.5 *A

Ea = 114.8 *V

Pd = 746.2*W

Nm := 1200* rpm

laf := 12.286*A

PROBLEM 6.12 J _

Pinf = Vs- laf

- N

. 1 0 0

Po = 1 #920 -W

Ra = 0.2-Q

If := 1.8-A

Pin 840 *W

Po

x\ :=

Pin
tj -

SR% = 3.484

Pb -20*7<6

P r*1 7 8 .2 -W

Po = 5 6 8 -W

Nm

Nmrjfc: * 1 2 4 1 ^ 2 * rpm

Pr = PdnL

Ea := Vs - la-Ra

Ea

Eaf 456.999 *V Pof 5164.69 *W

If = 0.5 -A

Rf

la = IL - If

EanL

The curves intersect at

Eaf - Vs - laf-R Pof := Eaf-laf - Pr

Vs

lanL = ILnL - If

Pin := Vs IL

Po := Pd - Pr

If :=

Rf = 240 Q

T) := 0.76

Nm := 2000-rpm

Vs '.= 240-V
Pin :

0.676

Pin * 19631,579 *W

m := 2

*1

Pinf * 6143 W

IL =

Pin

ILst := 1.5-IL

I L * 81.798-A

Nm
60

cum - 209.44

last := ILst - If

Vs
_ Pof
1

Pinf

Po

'I 0.841

Vs

Ts * 71.238 *N m

Rax = R - Ra

Rax = 1.785 *Q

Ra := 0.8-Q

Pr = 200-W

last

m
PROBLEM 6.13

from graph:

Nmf := 662-rpm
Vs := 230 V

IL - 40-A

Pin = Vs-IL

la = IL - If

Pin = 9200 *W

HP

PROBLEM 6
If := 1.2-A

Ra - .75-0

4>p = 10 mWb

. 1

P := 6

a - P

Po := 3-746

Po * 2238 *W
If :=

Pd := Po + Pr
Pd * 2438*W

Pd * 7500 -W

Po = 7300 W

t, =
n
pin

(10 hp)

11 = 0.793

.................................................................................................. ....

ILnL := 5-A

NmnL := 2400-rpm

lanL := ILnL - If

EanL := Vs - lanL-Ra

Ea la := (Vs - la R a )-la c=>

la - 23.88-A

If * 2 - A

lanL * 3 *A

E a n L * 229.7 *V

Ea := Vs - la-Ra

Pin = Vs*(la + If)

Ea = 102.09-V

Pin * 3009.6 *W

IL := 25-A

Nm = NmnL*

Ea

m = 66.818

VS

FulMoad:

Ka * 152.789

Ka <J>p

HP * 9.786

Po := Pd - Pr

Rf = 115-Q

Ra := 0.1 *Q

PdnL - EanL-lanL

Rf

Ka:= * ? 2-*-a

m =

~ 746

Ea 200 *V

Pd := Ea la

Pr := 200-W
Vs := 230*V

Z = 960

Ea := Vs ~ la-Ra

la * 37.5 -A

PROBLEM 6.10
Vs := 120-V

If := 2.5-A

Ts

Po
m

i -

Ts = 33.494 -N_m

Po
Pin
x\ = 0.744

Nm ;= tom-

Ea
EanL

60
2-ji

Nm = 638.063 *rpm

Nm = 2379.103* rpm

Pr - PdnL

la = IL - If

Ea = Vs - la-Ra

la = 23 -A

Ea = 27.7 -V

S R % := N m n L - ^ 1 0 0
Nm
SR% = 0.878

Pr * 689.1 -W

Po = Ea la - Pr
Po * 4548 W

n =

n = 0.791

Po

HP

Pin
HP 6.097

Pin := Vs-IL
Pin * 5750 *W

Po
746
(6 hp)

Vs := 120 V

Rf := 20 0 Ra := 0.02-Q
Vs

a,I

PROBLEM 6 .15 ____________ __________________________ _____ _____________________

Rs =0.02-0

p =4

Nm = 1800-rpm

IL = 462A

lf = 6-A

am * 188 496

la = IL - If

la = 456 -A

Pin = Vs-IL

Ife := If - 1

Ife - 5*A

EanL = 105 V

Ea = Vs - la-Ra

Ea = 110.88*V

a =P

If := 1-A

2 = 280

la = IL - If

p.z

Ka = ------2-n-a

Vs := 120 V

Ra := 0.5-Q

Ea - Vs - la-Ra

Ka = 44.563

IL .= 21-A
la = 20 -A

<om = 2-n-

Pd := Ea la

Ea = 110-V

Ts = 10 N_m

Po := Ts-wm

Pd = 2200*W

60

Po = 1884.956 -W

Pin = 2520 *W

If

Rf.

Ns := 5

Nf := 1140
>
~:S

But:

lsh_

pQ

NmnL := 600-rpm

i) 0.748

dp := _ E L _
Kaum

nn
PROBLEM 6.16_______ _
Shunt motor:

Vs = 120 V
IL := 53-A

la - IL - If
la = 50 -A

d,p = 13.095-mWb

Nm

Rs := 0 .0 5 0

Nf := 200

Ea * 110-V

Ns := 5

Vs

Nm ;= 1200-rpm

Rfw

Pr := .1-Pd

Pd * S500-W

Pr * 550*W

Ea must be the same for same flux and speed => same mmf
Longshunt:

nnfsl
=
Hi 2 *A

Ia1 := ~
~
Ra +- Rs

om := 2-n-

Rfw := 40-Q

Pd := Ea la

Ea

NmnL

If = 3*A

n ;=

Nm

Pd := Ea la

Po = Pd - Pr

Pd * 50.561 *kW

Po

^ 0.86.

Po = 48.061 -kW

Pin := Vs-IL
Pin = 55.44 -kW

HP := L
746

Ts = 724.355 -N m

am

HP = 64.425

PROBLEM 6.19

mmf := If-Nf
mmfs := la-Ns

mmf = 600

Po

Ts :=

Pin

Ife := If +

mmfs\

Eac - Vs - la-(R a -+- Rs)

mmfe := lal Ns

mmfsh := mmf - mmfis

Ia1 * 40 *A

nimfs = 200

mmfsh = 400

>. .
IL1 := Ia1 -- Ifl

Pin := Vs-IL1

Pd - Ea-fa1

Po := Pd - Pr

Nmc := Eac-NmnL
EanL

Pin 5040 *W

Pd * 4400 *W

Po * 3850 *W

Nmc * 508.8 - rpm

IL1 * 4 2 *A

Nm 633.6 *rpm

EanL

Pr * 315.044 *W
________________________________

Ra = 0.2-fi

Ea := Vs - la-Ra

Pr = Pd - Po

Pr = 2500 W

lfe *7 A

Pd := Ea la

Eac = 101.76 *V

EanL := 120-V

at 600 rpm

Po := Pd - Pr

Pd = 50.561 -kW
omc = 2-s

**>

Po
746

Po = 48.061 *kW

Nmc

Po

Ts :=

60

Tj :=

me

Po

Ts * 902.027 -N_m

me = 53.281

HP = 64.425

Pin
q * 0.867

PROBLEM 6 .2 0 ___________________________________ _____________

Rf* = I ~ RfW
IT1

Rfif = 20 -fl

n := ?Pin

n = 0.764
Vs := 120 V

Rs := 0.1-Q

Ra := 0.2-Q

R f:= 6 0 Q

Ts := 30N _m

PROBLEM 6.17

la - IL - If

Vs
Rf

IL := 52-A
Vs := 240-V

If :=

IL := 24-A

Ra := 0.3-Q

Rs := 0 2 0

Rf := 120-Q

Ea := Vs - la*(Ra + Rs)

Pd := Ea la

la 22 A

Ea * 229 *V

Pd = 5038 *W

Pr .= 350-W

Po := Pd - Pr

Td

Td = 26.727 *N_m

P o * 4688 *W

dm = 60*it

If = 2
Rf
If * 2*A

If * 2*A

Ea - Vs - la-Ra
Ea * 110-V

Pin - Vs-IL

Pin = 5760 *W

Po

m =

la - IL - If

la * 5 0 * A

P r= 1 1 5 -W

Pd = Ea la

Po = Pd - Pr

Pin = Vs-IL

Pd = 5500 *W

Po * 5385 *W

Pin * 6240 *W

Pin

Nm 1714.099 rpm

il * 0.863

am 179.5

Ts

tom

Nm := ----- 60

Po

rn

PROBLEM 6.21
^m

PROBLEM 6.18
n := 1.. 10
Es = 105

Ts = ~

Ts = 24.871 *N_m 11 ;= ^

^ = 0814
Vs := 240-V

_______
lshn := n
" 112

E, := 39
E7 - 1 2 0

E2 = 60
E8 - 125

E3 := 82
Eg - 128

E4 := 95
E10 .= 130

Vf = Vs - IL-Rs
Vf = 234 *V

6.11

Rs := 0.2-
Vs
If ;= __
Rf
If 3 A

Ra := 0.4*

Rf := 80-Q

Nms = 1450-rpm

(a := IL - If

Ea := Vf - la-Ra

ia => 27 -A

Ea * 223.2 -V

IL = 30-A

Ea la - 500
Vs-IL
t]

= 0.768
6.12

te ? '
PROBLEM 6.25_________________________________________________________
Vs := 220-V
If := 2-A
ft

NmfL - 1200-rpm

Ra := 4 .5 0

EafL := Vs - lafL-(Ra + Rs)

If = 2*A

ILfL := 47 A

EafL := Vs - lafL Ra

'

NmfL - 900-rpm

lafL = ILfL - If

EafL * 197.5 -V

lafL * 45 *A

Since the torque developed is proportional to la and varies as the square of

the speed, la must vary as the square of the speed.

dfL = 11.273 *kW

PinfL = Vs-ILfL

- lanL-(Ra + Rs)

PinfL * 14.08 -kW

Nmn - 600-rpm
/ Nmn V
Ian = ------lafL
\Nm fL/

Vs - Ean

Nmn
Ean := EafLNmfL

R :=

Ean * 131.667 *V

R =4.417*0

Rc := R - Ra

Ian

NmnL = 1567.365* rpm

ian = 20 *A
PofL = Pdfl - Pr

PROBLEM 6.26

PofL * 9.091 *kW

Vs := 500 V

Ra := 0 ^ 5-0

Ea := V s - la -(R a ^ ris)

HP = 12.187

Since Td1 = 4 Td:

load:

ILnL = 5-A

NmnL - 2400-rpm

PdnL := EanL IanL

Pr = 876*W

'JmfL := 800-rpm

lafL = 30 *A
Pr
NmnL

NmfL

440-V

Ea = 476*V

Ia1 == ^4 la

>

R = 4.167*0

Pd := Ea la
fa1=120*A

Pd = 28560*W
and at starting

Rc = R - Ra - Rs

la := 30 A

Nm1

Ia1

la /

Ea1 := 0

Rc = 3.767*0

Rt

Ea := Vs - la-Rt

1.5-0

Nm1 := 0 .8 - Nm a

=>

Ea = 395*V

lal := a/0.8 -la

(a1 21.466A

\ Nm

PrfL 2 9 2 -W
Eai = K akfla1N m 1
Ea

Prc * 4185*W

NmfL

al
Ia1

la = 60-A

PROBLEM 6.27_______
Vs

Prc := lafL-lafL-Rc

NmnL - NmfL

R := ^

Rs := 0.15-0

Pr = PdnL

PdnL - 876 W

4.65 )

Rc = 3.917*0

100

SR% * 200

R :=

Ea1 := 0.8-Ea

la 1

Kakf-ia-Nm
Vs - Ea1

Ea1 * 226.111 *V

la

R = 9.964 *0

Rc = R - Rt

Rc = 8.464*0

Ia1
PROBLEM 6.28____________ ________

ILnL := 6-A
N m n L := 1 PfMl- rn m

lanL := ILnL - If
la n l se * *A

Vs := 120-V
Ea - Vs - la*Ra

IL := 5 1 A

If := 1-A

Ea = 110*V

la := IL - If

Nm := 1800-rpm

la = 5 0 *A
cam = Nm-2-

Ra := 0.2-0
n

am

= 188.496

PROBLEM 6.31
Td1 := 120-N_m
11 = 11309.734-W

Nm1 = 900-rpm

Vs = 240 V

Rd = .1 Q

Ea1 = Vs - la 1 (R a + Rs)

Is1 := Ia1

Ra = 0.3 Q

Rd = 0,2-Q

Nm1 := 900-rpm

Ia1 := 50A

Rs = 0.2-Q
ml - 2-n-

Nm1
60

Ea1 *= 215 *V

la 1-(R a + R s ))-la 1o

Ea1la1
Td1 := ----------m1

Ia1 := 50.285-A
d1

dimi 3 94.248

Ea1 = 224.913 V

f-Is2-Ia2a

la*.-R

Ia2 = 71.103 *A

fs2 := .5-la2

Is2 * 35.551 -A

2224 -V
Fa9 si
Nm2 = Nm1
Ea1 Is2

Ia2 = ^3-la1

Nm2 = Nm1
Ea1 is2

Rs + Rd

Nm2 * 992.629 *rpm

PROBLEM 6.32
Atno-toad;

(f := 1-A

AtfulWoad:

iafL := 24-A

lanL := 2-A

EafL

Ka-OpfL-mfL

EanL

Ka-<t>pnL-mnL

ti

EanL .= 120 - 2-0.5

EanL = 119-V

EafL := 120 - 25-0.5

EafL * 107.5 *V

4>pfL = 0.95-<>pnLa

=>

NmfL

EafL

-600

EanL 0.95
NmfL = 570.544 *rpm

PROBLEM 6.33
Pin := 120-7.5

Nm := 1000-rpm

m - Nm-2
60

Nm2 := 2000-rpm

m * 104.72

Pin 900 W
Nm2
i2 - 2-*-60

m1 * 157.08

1.5 *A

m2 = 209.44

Po := Ts-m

Pr2 := Pd1-

Po * 647.953 *W

tj :=

?Pin

Ts := ( 9 .5 - 1.25)0.75
Ts

6.188-N m

, . 0.72

PROBLEM 6.34
F ;= 40-kg

r = .3

Nm - 720-rpm

m := Nm-2-
60

Nm2
Nm1

Pr2 * 477 -W
Ia2 - Find ( Ia2)

=>

Kakf-Is1la1

Nm2 * 1257.768 -rpm

Nm1 := 1500-rpm

Pd2 * 4188.79 *W

Is2 := .5-la2
Rs-Rd

Ea2 = 205.359 -V
Ia2 = 1.414.la1

30-Q

Td1

Ea2 = Vs - Ia2- ( Ra +-

i1

Td2 = K a k fls 2 la 2

Td2 := 1.5-Td1

Po := Ts-m

Pin := 220-46

Ts = F r -9.81

Pin * 10.12-kW

Ts - 117.72- N jn

_ Po

ia2 * 37.899 A

m 75.398

Po = 8.876 -kW
n** 0.877

n " Pin

kg = 1

HP -

HP = 11.898
746

PROBLEM 6.35
= Rf - Rlw

Pin2 := Vs (la2 + If2)

* 35.087 *Q

Pin2 * 4672.996 *W

Pin := 120-25
Pin * 3000 *W

Ts := (15 - 3)-.25-9.81
Ts * 2943 *N m

Nm = 750- rpm
Pn

m = N m -2
60

PROBLEM 6.36

PROBLEM 6.41

N m = 9 6 0 -rp m
Pin := 120-36

Ts = (20 - 5) 9.81-.25
Pin = 4320-W

T s *3 6 7 8 8 -N m

Po = Ts-am

m = 2 n-
60

Nm1 = 1000-rpm
'

ami = Nm-2
60

n - 0.856

HP .=
746

Pin

HP = 4.957

Po = Ts-am

Ts1 * 277.827 *N_m

am = 100.531

Ts = 12.263 -N m

am = 20 z

am = 62.832

Po * 770.476 *W
H P -- 2 .
746

Eam2 * 315.862 *V

Vs2

Pin :=

la :=
Vs

Ram := 0.377 Q

Po = 29.094 *kW

Rn * 33.549-kW

Percent change in field current

Eam := Vs - fa-Ram

Eam - 411.254 *V

Eag := Vs + ia-Rag

Eag * 465.62 *V

Pd = Eam la
Pr = 2263.537 W

Rag := 0.336 Q
ia * 76.249-A

Ia2 = la

Vs2 = 344.608 *V

ch :=
HP * 1.033

Vs = 440-V

Eam2 +- Ia2-Ram

Eag2 * 370.228 *V

Eag

100

ch * 20.487

Eag2-lan = Ian-Ian-(Ram -t- Rag) +- Pro >

r\ := 0.8672

la = 76.249-A

Eag2 := Eam2 + la2*(Ram +- Rag)

PROBLEM 6.38
Po := 39-746-W

Ts2 = Ts1

Pd2 = Ts2*am2 + Pr
_

Pd2
Eam2 := ----Ia2

PROBLEM 6.37
Ts := (1 2 - 2)-9.81-.125

m2 .= Nm2-2
60

Po = 3698.283-W
Ts1 = J 5 ml

r\ =

Nm2 := 750-rpm

Ean := ~
Ian

Ean * 365.676 *V

.743-Ian2 - Eag2-lan + Pr = 0 d Ian := 6.19-A

Nmn := -?5_.Nm2
Eam2

Nmn * 868.281 -rpm

PROBLEM 6.42 __________________________________________________________________

Pr .= Pd - Po

Vs := 220-V

la := 85-A

Nm - 1000-rpm

P_
Ka<Dp :=
am

Ka<Dp 0.706

Ea = Vs - la-0.5
Ea * 177.5 -V

Nm = 2400-rpm

am = Nm-2
60

am * 251.327

PROBLEM 6.39 ___ ________________ __________________________________________

Plugging:
Under no-load: EamnL.lanL * Pr
.743-lanL2 - Eag lanL + Pr := 0 d
Pr
EamnL : = -----lanL

PROBLEM 6.40.________
NmnL = 1025- rpm

Nm

Pr
lanL := ---------EamnL

. 0.5
125

R = 2.68 *Q

lanL .- 4.9-A
Max:

Tdmax = K3 + K4-am

Starting:

TdO = K3

K3 = ~Ka0g-Vs
R + .5

K4 = ^
R + .5

K3 * 48.86

K4 * 0.157

Tdmax = 88.281 *N__m

EamnL 461.946 *V

NmnL = ~ m- -Nm
Eam

EamnL :=

R :=

Eag-lanL := lanL-lanL-(Ram + Rag) + Pm

NmnL * 1123.262* rpm

Nm = 1000 -rpm

-Eam

Pr = 2263.537 *W

EamnL * 421.536 *V

lanL 5.37 *A

TdO * 48.86 -N_m

PROBLEM 6:43

J=L _
125

.5

Tdmax - KaOp-125

= o .9 2 *Q

Tdmax = 88.281 *N_m

TdO := 0

EagnL := EamnL + lanL-(Ram + Rag)

EagnL * 425.364 *V

Ch :=

100
Ea0

Ch = 8.646

Reduce field current by 8.646% to reduce flux

by that amount.
6.17

6.18