Chapter 1.1 the major issues Common sense explanation for behavior He wants to, is trying to.

. Biological explanation of behavior Contrast with the common sense explanation Physiological o The behavior is related to activity of the brain and other organs o Chemical reaction o Example: song birds mature males have larger brains that enable them to sing Ontogenetic o Is related to a system of genes and environment o Example as Song birds as males must hear a song while it is developing but cannot fully sing it until he is mature Evolutionary o Evolved in ancestors and is inherited by later generations o Songbirds with similar songs may have shared an ancestor Functional o Provided an advantage o Example animals match their background Mind brain Dualism The mind and body are different types of substance that exist independently Conflicts with the law of conservation and mater Monism Materialism o Everything that exists is material or physical o All psychological experience can be explained in purely physical terms Mentalism o Only the mind really exists Identity position o The view that mental process and certain brain processes are the same thing. o Mind is brain activity just as fire is not a thing but what happens to something, mental activity is what happens in the brain Other minds Since we cannot observe consciousness none of us knows for sure that other people much less animals (solipsism I alone exists) Easy problem the differences between wakefulness and sleep Hard problem how any kind of brain activity is associated with consciousness