TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(25).

2008

NG DNG HVDC TRONG VIC NNG CAO

KH NNG TRUYN TI V N NH H
THNG IN VIT NAM
APLLICATION OF HVDC TO VIETNAMS POWER SYSTEM FOR
TRANSMISSION CAPACITY AND STABILITY IMPROVEMENT
NGUYN HNG ANH
i hc Nng
L CAO QUYN
Cng ty CP T vn Xy dng in 4
TRN QUC TUN
INPG, Php
TM TT
Bi bo ny nghin cu v vic ng dng m hnh truyn ti in mt chiu cao
p (HVDC) i vi h thng li in 500kV, 220kV Vit Nam thng qua vic
kho st kh nng nng cao cng sut truyn ti cng nh n nh qu .
nh gi c u v nhc im ca m hnh truyn ti DC so vi AC, ng
dng trong h thng in Vit Nam, cc thng s ca h thng nh nh my
(my pht, kch t, iu tc, n nh cng sut) ng dy, my bin p, ph ti
ca li in Vit Nam c a vo kho st giai on nm 2020 tun theo
n quy hoch h thng in lc Vit Nam (TS VI) cng nh n Quy hoch
u ni cc trung tm nhit in than ton quc vo h thng in quc gia. Cc
kt qu tnh ton tro lu cng sut h thng, n nh qu c kho st qua
phn mm PSS/E-30.
ABSTRACT
This paper studies the application of HVDC transmission model to Vietnams
500KV, 220kV power system via the investigation into the possibility for
transmission capacity and transitional stability improvement. In order to evaluate
the advantages and disadvantages of HVDC transmission model compared with
AC transmission model application in Vietnams power system, the parameters of
power system such as plants (generator, excitation system, governor, capacity
stability), transmission lines, transformers, additional load of Vietnams power
system to be investigated in stage up to the year 2020 in accordance with Power
Network Planning for Vietnam (the sixth Power Development Master Plan) as well
as the Planning for connecting the whole country Coal-Fired Power Plants with
the National Power Network. These results of load flow and transitional stability
are examined with the PSS/E-30 software.

1. Gii thiu
Truyn ti in mt chiu cao p (HVDC) c nhiu thun li hn truyn ti in
xoay chiu trong mt s trng hp c bit. p dng thng mi u tin ca truyn ti
in mt chiu l ng dy ni lin gia t lin ca Thy in v o Gotland vo nm
1954. K t vic p dng HVDC c c bc pht trin khng ngng.

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(25).2008

Vi s ra i ca van thyristor, truyn ti in HVDC tr nn hp dn hn. H

thng HVDC u tin s dng van thyristor thc hin nm 1972 gm ni kt lng k
lng (back to back) gia cc h thng New Brunkswick v Quebec ca Canada. Van
thyristor tr thnh phn t chnh ca cc trm bin i. Cc thit b bin i ngy nay c
kch thc tr nn gn v gi thnh gim.
Nhm p ng vi tc tng trng trong nhng nm ti, ngnh in Vit Nam
vi nh hng pht trin ng b gia ngun v li in tin hnh u t xy dng
hng lot cc cng trnh ngun in than ba min t nc trong giai on n nm
2020 vi tng cng sut d kin n 29.000MW. Ring Min Nam khong 18.800MW.
Theo TS VI v n Quy hoch u ni cc trung tm nhit in than Ton
Quc vo h thng in Quc gia truyn ti lng cng sut ny v trung tm ph ti
d kin s xy dng hng lot cc ng dy (DZ) 500kV. Ch tnh ring cm TTN than
Vnh Tn (4400MW), nguyn t (10002000MW) s xem xt xy dng 4 mch DZ
500kV u ni n trung tm ph ti, ngoi ra kt hp vi cc trung tm nhit in
(TTN) than Min Trung (2400MW/mi trung tm) nh Cam Ranh, Bnh nh, thy in
(T) tch nng (1200MW) cn phi xy dng thm t nht 2 ng dy mch kp
truyn ti. Nh vy kh nng xy dng trn 6 mch ng dy 500kV i vo Min Nam,
2 mch i ra khu vc Min Bc (ng dy 500kV Bnh nh kt ni n trm bin p
500kV Dc Si) l khng trnh khi.
2. H thng in Vit Nam [4]

Hnh 1. H thng in 500kV Min Nam Vit Nam-2020 (TS VI).

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(25).2008

H thng in Vit Nam bao gm ba min: Bc, Trung v Nam. Trong min
Nam vn chim u th l ni tp trung ph ti tiu th ln nht. p ng nhu cu tng
trng ca min Nam, n giai on nm 2020 rt nhiu ng dy 500kV d tnh s
c xy dng nhm truyn ti cng sut ngun in t Nam Trung B vo cung cp cho
ph ti ti min Nam (hnh 1).
Cn bng cng sut pht v tiu th ca khu vc Nam Trung B nh bng sau:

Bng 1: Cn bng cng sut ngun v ph ti khu vc Nam Trung B

STT

a danh
Khnh Ho + Bnh nh tha (+), thiu (-)
Ngun in
Nhit in Bnh nh
Nhit in Cam Ranh
Thu in khu vc (Vnh Sn, Sng Hinh, H Sng Ba)
Ph ti
Ninh Thun & Bnh Thun tha (+), thiu (-)
Ngun in
Nhit in Vnh Tn
in ht nhn #1
Thu in khu vc (a Nhim, i Ninh, Hm Thun, a My)
Thu in tch nng
Ph ti
Tng ngun khu vc
Tng ph ti khu vc
Cn bng khu vc, tha (+), thiu (-)

2010
-190
246

246
536
644
937
0
0
937
293
1183
829
354

Cng sut (MW)

2015
2020
-85
3431
956
5156
2400
600
2400
356
356
1041
1725
3729
6534
4337
7537
3400
4400
0
1000
937
937
1200
608
1003
5293
12693
1649
2728
3644
9965

Theo tng cng sut tha cn truyn ti sang khu vc khc t cc nh my

in ti khu vc Nam Trung B khong 3200MW nm 2015 v 9900MW nm 2020.
3. M hnh tnh ton ca h thng HVDC [1], [3]
3.1. Cu hnh ca h thng HVDC
a) Kt ni n cc:
H thng ny dng mt dy dn, thng s dng cc tnh m. ng tr v c
th dng t hay nc.

Hnh 2: Kt ni n cc.
b) Kt ni lng cc:
Kt ni ny c hai dy: mt dng v mt m. Mi u u c b bin i in p
nh mc bng nhau mc ni tip v pha mt chiu.

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(25).2008

Hnh 3: Kt ni lng cc.

Ngoi ra cn c m hnh kt ni ng cc gm hai hay nhiu dy c cng cc
tnh.
3.2. H phng trnh truyn ti in HVDC

Hnh 4: Mch tng ng truyn ti HVDC.

Theo [3], pha chnh lu :

Vdr = N r (

3 2

Pha nghch lu:

Vdi = N r (

3 2

E acr cos Rcr I d )

E aci cos Rci I d )

Dng in mt chiu i t chnh lu n nghch lu :

Id =

Vdr Vdi
RL

Trong :
Nr : s cu mc ni tip
RL : in tr ng dy DC.
Eacr , Eaci : in p dy hiu dng AC pha chnh lu v nghch lu
: gc kch tr ; : gc ct trc.
Rcr, Rci : in tr chuyn mch tng ng b chnh lu v nghch lu.
3.3. M hnh iu khin HVDC trong bi ton phn tch n nh [2]:
S thut ton iu khin ca b iu khin trm chnh v nghch lu s dng
trong kho st l m hnh CDC4 trong th vin chun ca chng trnh m phng PSS/E30, Cng ty PTI (M).

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(25).2008

Hnh 5: M hnh iu khin trm chnh lu v nghch lu

4. ng dng HVDC cho h thng in Vit Nam
Se San 3, 3A, 4

932.2+j115.6

516.8kV

235.8kV
2609.8+j133.8

631.1-j96

ai Ninh
Bac Bnh

1696+j301.2

2430.3+j582
492.2kV
431.1-j138.9

217.7kV
483.2kV

-153.6-j665.7

My Tho

Phu Lam
559.6+j199.8

222.1kV

380.1+j85.7

221.4kV

516.8kV

26.6+j171.4

2346+j612

218.5kV

487.2kV

230.5kV

-314+j165.7

515.1kV
1844.8-j235.2

508.1kV
1163.6+j191.6

508.3kV
917.8-j73.4

230.4kV

N Kien Lng

3x( 150+j100.0
6x( 240+j153.8

7x( 280+j168.0

226.3kV

486.6kV

507.1kV

-196-j123.1

2480.6+j171.2

600+j168.3
2x(1000+j201.1

3x( 600+j206.7

223.3kV

Thu .Bac

2885+j628

479.9kV

1985.1+j886.5

c Hoa

483.7kV

221.5kV

436.9+j37.9

1489.5+j930.9

1313.4+j131.8

1322.2+j682

214.1kV

Cu Chi

Song May

Nha Be

355.8+j660.6

1065.3+j188.2

489.2+j56.5

481.4kV

487.7kV

493.7kV

1062.8+j432.4

My Phc

488.7kV

Tan nh
215.4kV

-154.4-j462.8

214.9kV

705.4+j458.0

479.9kV

1703+j655

224.4kV

Tay Ninh

1563.6+j690.8

432-j286.6

N. Sn My
514.8kV

1023.2+j333.2

486.7kV

Cau Bong

1653.4+j222.4

518.9kV

1000+j301

130+j10.3

429.5+j237.8

303.2+j609.4

969.8+j184.3

2356+j595

230.6kV

1521.3-j230.4

Di Linh

821.8-j65.5

988.1+j85.3

499.5kV

ong Nai 3,4,5

ak Tik

76.4+j144.4

2128+j212.2

368.8-j94.2

1080.1+j92.8

4x( 180+j15.6

ak Nong
234.0kV

1000+j341.0

222.2kV
4159.8+j996

571-j178.8

N Nguyen T

N Cam Ranh

-239.9+j10.4

502.7kV

536.7+j153.3

719.2-j21.6

-624.6-j34.4

511.9kV

512.3kV

N.Tra Vinh

231.9kV

1277.7+j678

Yaly

229.5kV

3x( 600-j163.4

1413.6-j321

T Lao en

N Vnh Tan

2x( 600+j264.6
510.3kV

75.3+j124.4

292.2-j43.6

2x( 1000+j306.5

512.2kV

2593.2+j1462.5

1000-j600

PleiKu

N Bnh nh

T Tch Nang

4x(300+j125.1

-362.4-j35

-435.8+j103.4

Doc Soi

239.6-j177.4

Thanh My

Phu My

N.Phu My
235.4kV

2x( 1000+j215.7
2x( 600+j200.6
2x( 1000+j263.2

233.3kV

He thong ien 500kV Mien Nam nam 2020

Mo hnh truyen tai AC

N.Soc Trang

Pmax_MN: 34769MW
Losses: 913MW

236.9kV

Thot Not
1835-j213

N.O Mon

Hnh 6: Phn b cng sut li in 500kV

Min Nam nm 2020-m hnh HVAC
Theo [4], khu vc Nam Trung B s xy dng ri rc mt s nh my nhit in,
thu in v truyn ti v Min Nam bng m hnh in p xoay chiu 500kV (HVAC).

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(25).2008

Cng sut v v tr cc ngun in xem bng 1 v hnh 1. Hnh 7 cho kt qu tro lu

cng sut li in 500kV Min Nam nm 2020.
Truyn ti vi m hnh HVAC cho thy i vi cc ng dy 500kV t N
Bnh nh i Di Linh l cc ng dy kh di v tp trung cc ngun in cng sut ln
nh trung tm nhit in (TTN) than Bnh nh, Cam Ranh, T tch nng, do khi s
c trn cc on ng dy ny, c bit l on ng dy truyn ti cng sut cao nh
500kV T tch nng Di Linh, s gy ra cc dao ng cng sut ln v ko di, c th gy
mt n nh nu thi gian loi tr s c ln. Kh nng h thng phc hi sau s c trn
tuyn ng dy ny c th km.
Nhm kim chng nhn nh trn kho st n nh ng vi trng hp s c 3
pha vnh cu trn tuyn ng dy 500kV Di Linh i T tch nng, im s c gn thanh
ci 500kV T tch nng (vi s c ny ton b hn 2600MW cung cp cho min Nam b
mt trong khong thi gian s c) cho thy dao ng gc pha ca cc t my pht u ni
trn mch kp 500kV ng dy nh N than Bnh nh, Cam Ranh, T tch nng ban
u i v n nh tuy nhin kho st cng v sau dao ng gc pha ca cc t my ny c
xu hng cng lc cng tng cao, kh nng phc hi h thng thp.

Hnh 7: Dao ng in p, cng sut, gc pha my pht trng hp s c

vnh cu trn DZ 500kV Di Linh-T tch Nng (ng lp li khng
thnh cng),im s c gn thanh ci 500kV T tch nng.

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(25).2008

Thanh My

236.7kV
515.0kV

515.2kV

232.8kV

Tan Thanh

1020.6-j336.9

719.2-j57.4

499.7kV
4x( 1000+j537.4
2x( 600+j360.0

Di Linh
-217.4+j245.4

Se San 3, 3A, 4

T Lao en
Yaly

2618-j325.2

PleiKu

356.6-j61

ai Ninh
Bac Bnh
198.8+j103.4

-315.1-j4.1

-379.7-j58.7

1000-j640

N Bnh nh

Doc Soi

7500MW

511.3+j51.3
505.7kV
348.7-j168.9

4x( 180+j6.5

ak Nong
400.4-j144.8

237.7kV

N Cam Ranh

4912.4+j1790.2

510.4kV

674.6-j21.4

226.9kV

N. Sn My

2459.6+j762

1084.8+j68.2

534.4-j37.6

My Tho

221.7kV

N Kien Lng

73.2+j77.8

518.1kV
1860-j289.8

516.8kV
1167.8+j151.4

517.6kV
913.8-j189

230.2kV
523.6kV

230.6kV

7x( 280+j168.0

514.8kV

-200-j191.9

380.3+j51.3

494.1kV

1607.2+j597.8

574.2+j170.2

2423-j144.8
600+j42.6
2x( 1000+j75.0

Phu Lam

224.7kV

-307.4+j146.8

2891.6+j409.4

1893.3+j118.8

c Hoa

218.3kV

Cu Chi

498.3kV

458.8-j103.9

1537.8+j1169.4

1374.2+j192.4

1314+j574.6
493.2kV

-322.3+j10.6

101.9+j136.6

222.3kV

227.1kV

502.3kV

979.6+j253.8

My Phc

501.3kV

3x( 150+j100.0
6x( 240+j153.8

2348.1+j619.5

497.6kV

270.9+j337.6

-139.2-j303.6

802.2+j516.2

493.0kV
-270.5-j351.2

227.3kV

Thu .Bac

859.7-j64.1

221.1kV

1847+j775.2

499.6kV

Tay Ninh

492.0kV

224.8kV

503.1+j81.8

221.4kV

Song May

Nha Be
219.8kV

N.Tra Vinh

235.0kV

1302.3+j794.4

440.7-j96.3

Tan nh

495.9kV

2625.3+j1488

2506.2+j846.9
503.8kV

1561.5-j72.3

1511.8+j221

Cau Bong

2103.2+j596.8

2358+j599.2

494.2kV

-37.1+j38.9

227.3kV

3x( 600+j150.2

970.4+j13.6

89.8+j165.6

441.6-j252.6

517.8kV

974.3+j225.9

745.3+j0.2

510.0kV

ong Nai 3,4,5

ak Tik

Phu My

N.Phu My

235.7kV
2x( 1000+j166.6
2x( 600+j144.1

2x( 1000+j139.7

232.0kV

N.Soc Trang

He thong ien 500kV Mien Nam nam 2020

Mo hnh truyen tai DC
Pmax_MN: 34769MW
Losses: 850MW

237.4kV

Thot Not
1798.8-j312.8

N.O Mon

Hnh 8: Phn b cng sut li in 500kV

Min Nam nm 2020-m hnh HVDC
Nh vy c th thy vic trin khai xy dng qu nhiu trung tm v truyn ti
bng nhiu ng dy 500kV c th s khng kh thi bng vic xy dng mt hoc hai
trung tm cng sut ln v s dng m hnh truyn ti HVDC.
M hnh HVDC s nng cao kh nng phc hi n nh h thng sau s c, ng
thi gim chi ph xy dng do khng phi thc hin u t cc ngun in ri rc. Hnh 8
trnh by kt qu tnh ton i vi m hnh ngun nhit in tp trung v truyn ti v
trung tm ph ti bng h thng in mt chiu HVDC trong :
+ Xy dng TTN than Bnh nh (5.200MW) v Cam Ranh (6.400MW).
+ Xy dng trm hai trm bin i, cng sut mi trm l 9.000MVAr ti Cam
Ranh v Tn Thnh.
+ TTN than Bnh nh u ni Cam Ranh bng ng dy 500kV AC mch kp
di 280km.
+ u ni gia trm chnh lu ti TTN than Cam Ranh vi trm nghch lu ti
Tn Thnh bng 3 ng dy DC lng cc 800kV, di 320km.
+ T trm nghch lu Tn Thnh truyn ti v trung tm ph ti bng ng dy
500kV AC mch kp Tn Thnh - M Phc di 28km v Tn Thnh - Sng My di
18km.
Vi m hnh HVDC, xem xt s c trm trng nht l ngn mch 3 pha vnh cu
trn DZ 500kV AC t N Bnh nh i N Cam Ranh, im s c gn trm chnh lu,
vi s c ny ton b 7500MW cung cp cho Min Nam b mt trong khong thi gian s
c.
Kho st dao ng gc pha cc t my ti TTN than Bnh nh v TTN than
Cam Ranh cho thy dao ng tt nhanh v i v n nh sau thi gian khong 20sec (hnh
9).

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(25).2008

Hnh 9: Dao ng in p, gc pha my pht trng hp s c vnh cu

trn DZ 500kV N Bnh nh-N Cam Ranh (ng lp li khngthnh
cng), im s c gn thanh ci 500kV N Cam Ranh (RECTIFIER).

Hnh 10: Dao ng cng sut DC ti u chnh lu, gc ct trc, gc kch tr

trng hp s c vnh cu trn DZ 500kV N Bnh nh-N Cam Ranh (ng lp
li khng thnh cng), im s c gn thanh ci 500kV NCam Ranh (RECTIFIER).

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(25).2008

Quan st cc dao ng gc iu khin v trong m hnh iu khin CDC4 c

th thy: trc khi s c gi tr gc kch tr chnh lu =15.380, gc ct trc nghch lu
=16.760. Trong khong thi gian gia hai ln s c, dao ng trong khong gi tr
(4.980 , 21.350) v trong khong gi tr (14.920 ,16.960). Ti cc thi im s c b iu
khin CDC4 s kch kho bng cch pht xung iu khin t v n 900. Vi cch
iu khin ny s hn ch c dao ng cng sut ca h thng in u ni sau trm
nghch lu v gp phn lm gim dao ng chung ca ton h thng.
Nhn xt:
nh gi trn phng din k thut:
M hnh truyn ti HVDC nng cao c cng sut truyn ti, gim tn tht h
thng, bn cnh kho st lin quan n vn n nh ng i vi cc trng hp s
c trm trng cho thy dao ng gc ca cc my pht cng nh cng sut trong h thng
vi m hnh truyn ti DC gim rt nhanh v i v n nh, trong khi h thng truyn
ti vi m hnh AC hnh nh dao ng gc my pht ko di v c xu hng mt n nh.
Bn cnh vi vic truyn ti c o bng ng dy DC, s gim thiu c
xc sut s c so vi m hnh HVAC.
nh gi trn phng din kinh t:
Vi m hnh DC do ch cn tp trung xy dng 2 trung tm nhit in than ti
min Trung v truyn dn cp cho nhu cu ph ti bng cc ng dy DC nn khi
lng li in u t thp hn so vi m hnh AC.
M hnh ny l xy dng ngun in tp trung nn rt thun li cho trin khai u
t cng nh rt ngn c thi gian xy dng do hn ch c cc pht sinh n b v
yu cu hnh lang tuyn. Tnh ton cho thy nu u t xy dng hng lot cc NM dc
khu vc Nam Trung B truyn ti bng cp in p xoay chiu 500kV s dn n khi
lng u t rt cao, chi ph xy dng, gii phng mt bng tng nhiu hn so vi truyn
ti DC.
5. Kt lun
Phng n truyn ti cm nh my khu vc Nam Trung B bng cp in p
xoay chiu 500kV, c bit l truyn ti cng sut t cc NMN than khu vc min
Trung v min Nam c kh nng phc hi sau s c km v khng ng tin cy i vi
cc trng hp s c 3 pha trn cc ng truyn cng sut ln.
Tp trung xy dng mt vi trung tm N than cng sut ln v truyn ti v
trung tm ph ti bng m hnh DC s nng cao kh nng truyn ti, gim tn tht. c
bit vi m hnh truyn ti ny m bo nng cao n nh ng ca h thng in Vit
Nam cng nh gim thiu chi ph u t xy dng li in.

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Power System Stability And Control PRABHA KUNDUR- Nh xut bn McGrawHill, Inc, 1994.
[2] PSS/ETM 30 Volume I, II Program Application Guide Power technologies, INC.
[3] H thng in truyn ti v phn phi - H Vn Hin - Nh xut bn i hc Quc
Gia Tp. H Ch Minh.
[4] Quy hoch u ni cc trung tm nhit in than Ton Quc vo h thng in Quc
gia- Tp 1, 2 thng 11/2007: Vin Nng Lng.