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Due: 11:59pm on Friday, October 5, 2012 Note: You will receive no credit for late submissions. To learn more, read your instructor's Grading Policy
Question 1
Consider the following hypothetical aqueous reaction: total volume of 100.0 . The following data are collected: Time Moles of 0 10 20 30 40 . A flask is charged with 0.065 of in a
Part A
Calculate the number of moles of at 10 , assuming that there are no molecules of at time zero.
Correct
Part B
Calculate the number of moles of at 20 , assuming that there are no molecules of at time zero.
Correct
Part C
Calculate the number of moles of at 30 , assuming that there are no molecules of at time zero.
ANSWER: = 2.9!10"2
Correct
Part D
Calculate the number of moles of at 40 , assuming that there are no molecules of at time zero.
Correct
Part E
Calculate the average rate of disappearance of between 0 and 10 , in units of .
Answer Requested
Part F
Calculate the average rate of disappearance of between 10 and 20 , in units of .
Correct
Part G
Calculate the average rate of disappearance of between 20 and 30 , in units of .
Correct
Part H
Calculate the average rate of disappearance of between 30 and 40 , in units of .
Part I
Between 10 and 30 , what is the average rate of appearance of in units of ? Assume
that the volume of the solution is constant. Express your answer using two significant figures. ANSWER: = 1.2!10"4
Answer Requested
Question 2
Part A
Consider the combustion of , what is the rate of consumption of oxygen? ANSWER: = 0.23 . If hydrogen is burning at the rate of 0.46
Correct
Part B
What is the rate of formation of water vapor? ANSWER: = 0.46
Correct
Part C
The reaction decreasing at the rate of 53 ANSWER: = 27 is carried out in a closed vessel. If the partial pressure of , what is the rate of change of the total pressure of the vessel? is
Correct
Question 3
, the initial reaction rate was measured for various initial concentrations of Initial rate ( ) 6!10"5 1.8!10"4 2.4!10"4 2.4!10"4
Part A
What is the reaction order with respect to Express your answer as an integer. ?
doubles. What happens to the rate in the transition from trial 1 to trial 3? ANSWER: There is no change. It doubles. It triples. It quadruples.
where
For trial 1 this equation is 2.4!10"4 and for trial 3 this equation is 2.4!10"4 Dividing the equation for trial 3 by that for trial 1 gives
which simplifies to
ANSWER: 2
Correct
The rate quadrupled when . was doubled. This indicates an order of 2 with respect to because
Part B
What is the reaction order with respect to Express your answer as an integer. ?
doubled. What happens to the rate in the transition from trial 3 to trial 4? ANSWER: There is no change. It doubles. It triples. It quadruples.
where
2.4!10"4 and for trial 4 this equation is 2.4!10"4 Dividing the equation for trial 4 by that for trial 3 gives
which simplifies to
ANSWER: 0
Correct
The rate didn't change when was doubled. This indicates an order of 0 with respect to .
Part C
What is the reaction order with respect to Express your answer as an integer. ?
tripled. What happens to the rate in the transition from trial 1 to trial 2? ANSWER: There is no change. It doubles. It triples. It quadruples.
where
For trial 1 this equation is 6!10"5 and for trial 2 this equation is 1.8!10"4 Dividing the equation for trial 2 by that for trial 1 gives
which simplifies to
ANSWER: 1
Correct
The rate tripled when was tripled. This indicates an order of 1 with respect to because .
Part D
What is the value of the rate constant for this reaction?
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. Indicate the multiplication of units explicitly either with a multiplication dot or a dash.
ANSWER: 7.50!10"3
Question 4
A reaction obeys the following rate law: .
Part A
If is doubled, how will the rate change?
ANSWER: The rate of the reaction would be halved. The rate of the reaction would be multiplied by 4. The rate of the reaction would be doubled. The rate would remain the same.
Correct
Part B
Will the rate constant change? ANSWER: Yes No
Correct
Part C
What is the reaction order for ?
Correct
Part D
What is the reaction order for ?
Correct
Part E
What is the overall reaction order? Express your answer as an integer. ANSWER: 2
Correct
Part F
What are the units of the rate constant? ANSWER:
Correct
Question 5
Consider the following reaction: The rate law for this reaction is first order in is 0.050 , the reaction rate at 298 and first order in is 0.0432 . . When is and
Part A
What is the value of the rate constant? Express your answer using two significant figures. ANSWER: = 170
Correct
Part B
What are the units of the rate constant? ANSWER:
Correct
Part C
What would happen to the rate if the concentration of ANSWER: The rate would be multiplied by 27. The rate would be multiplied by 9. The rate would be tripled. The rate would remain the same. were tripled?
Correct
Part D
What would happen to the rate if the concentration of both reactants were tripled? ANSWER: The rate would be tripled. The rate would be multiplied by 9. The rate would be multiplied by 27. The rate would remain the same.
Correct
Question 6
Consider the gas-phase reaction between nitric oxide and bromine at 273 . The following data for the initial rate of appearance of Experiment 1 2 3 4 0.10 0.25 0.10 0.35 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 were obtained: Initial Rate of Appearance of 24 150 60 735
Part A
Determine the rate law. ANSWER:
Correct
Part B
Calculate the average value of the rate constant for the appearance of Express your answer using two significant figures. ANSWER: = 1.2!104 from the four data sets.
Correct
Part C
How is the rate of appearance of ANSWER: the rate of appearance of the rate of disappearance of the rate of disappearance of is half the rate of disappearance of is half the rate of appearance of is equal to the rate of appearance of related to the rate of disappearance of ?
Correct
Part D
What is the rate of disappearance of when 6.7!10"2 and 0.29 ?
Answer Requested
Question 7
Some watch dials are coated with a phosphor, like replaced by , and a polymer in which some of the atoms have been atoms, tritium. The phosphor emits light when struck by the beta particle from the tritium decay,
causing the dials to glow in the dark. The half-life of tritium is 12.3 yr.
Part A
If the light given off is assumed to be directly proportional to the amount of tritium, by how many percents will a dial be dimmed in a watch that is 45 years old? Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units. ANSWER: 92
Answer Requested
Question 8
Part A
How much time is required for a 5.35 ANSWER: = 76.2 days sample of to decay to 0.800 if it has a half-life of 27.8 days?
Correct
Question 9
Learning Goal: To learn how graphs can be used to answer kinetics questions. A student collected time ( ) and concentration ( ) data at 295 for the reaction . These time and versus ,
concentration data are shown in the table to the right. The student then plotted graphs of versus , and versus .
) 0.693 0.944 1.19 1.44 1.69 2.00 2.57 3.30 4.24 5.43
Part A
What is the order of this reaction?
versus
Correct
What does a straight line imply about the order of the reaction?
ANSWER: 0 1 2
Correct
Now that we know that the reaction is first order, we know that the units of the rate constant will be inverse seconds, .
Part B
What is the value of the rate constant for this reaction? Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
where
corresponds to ,
corresponds to
corresponds to
ANSWER: Plug values into the first-order integrated rate law and solve for . Determine the y intercept of the graph of Determine the slope of the graph of vs. , then change the sign. vs. , then change the sign.
Correct
The two valid methods for solving this problem are: Plug values into the first-order integrated rate law and solve for . Determine the slope of the graph of vs. , then change the sign. The remaining hints will address the latter method.
where
corresponds to ,
corresponds to
corresponds to
corresponds to ..
ANSWER:
Answer Requested
ANSWER: = 1.25!10"2
Answer Requested
Next, the student ran the same reaction at a different temperature and measured a different reaction rate, with the following results: ( ) ( )
295 325
0.0125 0.0357
Part C
What is the activation energy of this reaction? Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
where
is a constant
called the frequency factor. Notice that this equation also resembles the equation for a straight line, . So, by plotting the
appropriate values, you can use what you know about a straight line to find the activation energy.
Correct
( ? ?
) ? ?
295 325
0.0125 0.0357
ANSWER:
= 27.9
Answer Requested
It is important to realize that the integrated rate law, in the integrated rate law is not the same as in the Arrhenius equation. In is a refers to the concentration of reactant. In the Arrhenius equation,
Question 10
The integrated rate laws for zero-, first-, and second-order reaction may be arranged such that they resemble the equation for a straight line, . Order 0 1 2 Integrated Rate Law Graph Slope
Part A
The reactant concentration in a zero-order reaction was 0.100 is the rate constant for this reaction? Express your answer with the appropriate units. after 190 and 2.00!10"2 after 355 . What
The "rise" is the difference between two points on the y axis. Since for a zero-order reaction the y axis is concentration, simply subtract the two values:
ANSWER: "8.00!10"2
Correct
ANSWER: 165
Correct
ANSWER: = 4.85!10"4
Correct
Part B
What was the initial reactant concentration for the reaction described in Part A? Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER: = 0.192
Correct
Part C
The reactant concentration in a first-order reaction was 7.00!10"2 What is the rate constant for this reaction? Express your answer with the appropriate units. after 40.0 and 8.60!10"3 after 100 .
7.00!10"2 8.60!10"3
For example, what value goes in the cell marked with a question mark?
ANSWER: -2.66
Answer Requested
ANSWER: -2.10
Correct
ANSWER:
60.0
Correct
ANSWER: = 3.49!10"2
Answer Requested
Part D
The reactant concentration in a second-order reaction was 0.870 What is the rate constant for this reaction? Express your answer with the appropriate units. after 170 and 2.30!10"2 after 880 .
( ?
( ) 170 880
0.870 2.30!10"2
For example, what value goes in the cell marked with a question mark? ANSWER: 1.15
ANSWER: 42.3
ANSWER: 710
ANSWER: = 5.96!10"2
Answer Requested
Question 11
Part A
Based on their activation energies and energy changes and assuming that all collision factors are the same, which of the following reactions would be fastest? ANSWER: = 41 = 32 = 50 , , , = -27 = -11 = 13 . . .
Correct
Part B
Which of the following reactions would be slowest? ANSWER: = 41 = 50 = 32 , , , = -27 = 13 = -11 . . .
Correct
Question 12
The rate of the reaction was measured at several temperatures, and the following data were collected: Temperature 15 25 35 45 0.0521 0.101 0.184 0.332
Part A
Using these data, graph ANSWER: versus .
Answer Requested
Part B
Calculate the value of ANSWER: = 47.5 by using your graph.
Correct
Question 13
What is the molecularity of each of the following elementary reactions?
Part A
Correct
Part B
Correct
Part C
Correct
Part D
Write the rate law for the reaction in part A? ANSWER:
Correct
Part E
Write the rate law for the reaction in part B? ANSWER:
Correct
Part F
Write the rate law for the reaction in part C? ANSWER:
Correct
Question 14
Part A
Based on the reaction profile, how many intermediates are formed in the reaction ?
ANSWER: 2
Correct
Part B
How many transition states are there? ANSWER: 3
Correct
Part C
Which step is the fastest? ANSWER:
Correct
Part D
Is the reaction ANSWER: exothermic endothermic exothermic or endothermic?
Correct
Question 15
The activation energy of an uncatalyzed reaction is 94 energy to 55 . . The addition of a catalyst lowers the activation
Part A
Assuming that the collision factor remains the same, by what factor will the catalyst increase the rate of the reaction at 25 ? Express your answer using two significant figures. ANSWER: = 6.9!106
Correct
Part B
Assuming that the collision factor remains the same, by what factor will the catalyst increase the rate of the reaction at 140 ? Express your answer using two significant figures. ANSWER: = 8.6!104
Correct
Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 75.9%. You received 11.39 out of a possible total of 15 points.