METALLIC BRIDGES STR403

Sherif A. Mourad Professor of Steel Structures and Bridges Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University Lecture 12 13 May 2013
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Box Girder Bridges

Introduction. Typical cross-section. Behavior of box girder. Bending Shear lag and effective width. Torsion Torsional warping and distortion.
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Why Box Girder

Suitable for medium span bridges (45100 m) Large torsional stiffness. Possibility for wider flanges. Simpler to erect less LTB problems.

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Box Girder Components

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Usual Span Range

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Single Box

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Multiple Box

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Behavior of Box Girders

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Behavior of Box Girders

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Behavior of Box Girders

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Box Girders under Bending

Stresses in section

Is the stress distribution uniform? NO

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Shear Lag

Is the distorsion of the flange in its own plane due to the restraint of the web
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Shear Lag
How do we account for the shear lag? Use an effective (reduced) flange width. The reduction is a function of the span (L) to width (b) ratio of the box. Fortunately, for normal range of L/b ratios, the increase in peak stress is in the range of 10% to 20%.
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Effective Width to Account for Shear Lag

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Effective Width to Account for Shear Lag

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Effective Width to Account for Shear Lag

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Effective Width to Account for Shear Lag

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Effective Width to Account for Shear Lag

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Effective Width to Account for Shear Lag

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Effect of Local Buckling

Compression flange. Web due to bending. Web due to shear.

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Compression Flange
Stiffened Elements.

Unstiffened Elements.

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Web Buckling - Bending

Noncompact section

One longitudinal stiffener (d/5)

Two longitudinal stiffeners

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Web Buckling - Shear

Limit for allowable shear 0.35 Fy

Reduced allowable stresses

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Next week
Design Example: Plate Girder Composite Beam Box Girder

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