Booxs sy Eva Wonc Cultivating Stillness Itivating the Energy of Life Feng shui Harmonizing Yin and Yang Holding Yin, Embracing Yang Liehtse A Master Course in Feng-shui [Nourishing the Essence of Life ‘The Pocket Tao Reader Seven Taoist Masters Tales of the Dancing Dragon: Stores ofthe Tao Tals ofthe Taoist Immortals Taoism: An Essential Guide Teachings of the Tao TAOISM An Essential Guide Eva Wong SHAMBHALA Boston 6 London 201se shanbt 1997 by fa Wong Tis book was previously pbihed as Phe Shumate t Tai. All sights reserve. No part f ths book may be repressed iy any etn electronic or techanea, neha 967654521 Printed nthe Unite Stats of America {@/Vhis ein printed on ai ice pape hat mets he “Aerican Natonsl Stns Ine 239.48 Sta. ‘O'This bok was pried 0 30% pntconsamer royce paper For more infor vist wwvalurebhala.cm, Distt it andi Canada by Library of Congress Cataloging Publiaton Dats ‘Wong, Fa, 1951— "Taos een guidlEva Wor Facts bibliographical ferences and inden SBN G78 1500308824 (peal paper) "Tac, Too. 17 BLIOZO Ns 2011 254 —der? 2oro049929 Pwr cowie Spr rs Orr the lc eae Chi, Yn ty, 1369 angie sera km paper. age: 24% 10% fn (01.02 29 cn) Overallvth mounting B73 17 Sen. 223 4-48 can). Overall ih ens 208 (223 « 824 cm). Potogoph by Ns Vion ge ©The Metropolitan Mus of Art Art Resurs, NY. Contents List of Illustrations and Tables Introduction Parr One: History or Taoism Shamanic Origins (3000-800 ‘The Legendary Ya 11 / Shay Duties of Shamans in Chou Society 14 /"The Sham Tradition of Southern China 16 /"The Lega in Later Developn Forther Readings 18 ‘The Classical Period (700-220 nce) The Political and Historical Background of the Autumn Period 21 / Classical Taoism in the Spring and ‘Autunin Period: Lao-tzu and the Tao-te ching 22 /'The ‘Teachings of the Tao-te ching 23 /'The Political and Historical Background of the Warring States Period 26 / Classical Taoism in the Warring States Period 27 Further Readings 29 ts of Taoismn 17 rn 203. Contents ‘The Transformation of Taoism from Philosophy into Organized Religion (20 8ck—600 cr) 31 ‘The Beginnings of Religious Taoism 31 / Taoism Becomes an Organized Religion 33 /'The Golden Age of Taoist Reli Further Readings 42 The Rise of Mystical aoism (300-600 ce) 4 Mysticism and SI Predecessors of Shang-clying Taoism 46, SI Taoism in the Chin Dynasty 47 / Shang. the Southern Dynasties 52 /'The ‘Te wg-ch’ing Taoism 54 Th Taoism 62 Further Readings 63 ig-ch'ing Taoism 44 / The ng-ch ing i ings of e Legacy of Shang-ch'ing ‘The Development of Alchemical Taoism (200-1200 ce) 6 ‘The Beginnings of Alchemy 67 /‘The ‘Teachings of the ‘Tsan-tung-chi (Triplex Unity) 68 /‘The Teachings of Ko Hung’s Pao-p'u-tzu (The Sage Who Embraces Simplicity) 71 / The Separation of Internal and External Alchemy 73 /'The Height of Development of Intemal Alchemy 76 Further Readings 79 ‘The Synthesis of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism (1000 ce-present) 81 ‘The Philosophical Synthesis 81 / The Religious Synthesis 86 / Variations of the Synthesis and the Rise of Sects in ‘Taoism 88 / A New Synthesis of Confucianism, Zen Buddhism, and Taoist Intemal Alchemy 91 Further Readings 95 Contents Parr Two: Systems o TAoIsM ce Magical ‘Taoism: The Way of Power Basic Beliefs of Magical Taoism 99 / Principal Practices of Magical ‘Taoism IDL / Seets in Magical Taoism. 115 / Further Words on Magical Eaaisn 117 Purther Readings 118 Divinational Tioism: The Way of Secing, A Brief History of Divinational ‘Taoism 119 / Prineipal Ideas ‘of Divinational ‘Taoism 124 / Forms of Divination 133 / Celestial Divination: ‘Tzueaves Tuesu 134 /"Terrestrial Divination: Feng-shui 137 / Other Fos of Divination 141 / Further Words on Divinational Taoism 142 Further Readings 143 Ceremonial Taoism: The Way of Devotion ‘The Main Features of Ceremonial Taoism 145 /"The ‘Tavist Deities 146 /'The Administrative Structure of the ‘Taoist Celestial Realm 159 / Taoist Festivals and Ceremonies 162 / Seets in Ceremonial Taoism 164 / Further Words on Ceremonial Taoism 170 Further Readings 170 Intemal-Alchemical Taoism: The Way of Transformation Basic Ideas of Internal Alchemy 172 / Major Symbols in the Language of Internal Alchemy 173 / Steps in the Alchemical Process 178 / Approaches to Intemal Alchemy 183 / Further Words on Intemal-Alchemical Taoism 187 Further Readings 188 Action and Karma Taoism: The Way of Right Action Historical Predecessors of Action and Karma ‘Taoism 190 / Principal Beliefs in Action and Karma Taoism 193 / The Significance of Action and Karma Taoism in Taoist Spirituality 194 Further Readings 195 99, hy 145 172 190