MASA KERJA, KEBIASAAN MEROKOK, DAN KAPASITAS FUNGSI PARU TENAGA KERJA YANG TERPAPAR DEBU TEMBAKAU DI BAGIAN

PROCESSING PT. DJITOE ITC SURAKARTA

Tesis untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan mencapai derajat Sarjana S-2

Minat Utama Kesehatan Kerja Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Kerja Jurusan Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan

diajukan oleh

Sumardiyono
23397/III-2/3852/05

Kepada PROGRAM PASCASARJANA UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA YOGYAKARTA 2007

INTISARI Masa Kerja, Kebiasaan Merokok, Dan Kapasitas Fungsi Paru Tenaga Kerja yang Terpapar Debu Tembakau Di Bagian Processing PT. Djitoe ITC Surakarta Pemaparan debu terhadap fungsi paru dalam waktu lama akan berpengaruh pada penurunan kapasitas vital paru berupa obstruksi dan restriksi. Dengan demikian masa kerja yang lama menyebabkan penimbunan debu di paru yang bersifat akumulatif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji hubungan masa kerja dan kebiasaan merokok dengan kapasitas fungsi paru tenaga kerja yang terpapar debu tembakau di bagian processing PT. Djitoe ITC Surakarta. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah tenaga kerja laki-laki di bagian processing yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 52 orang. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan pengukuran yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tenaga kerja yang terpapar debu tembakau, ada hubungan masa kerja dengan penurunan fungsi paru jenis obstruktif (r = -0,347, p = 0,006). Ada hubungan kebiasaan merokok dengan penurunan fungsi paru jenis obstruktif (r = 0,310, p = 0,013). Ada hubungan masa kerja dan kebiasaan merokok dengan kapasitas fungsi paru jenis obstruktif (F = 4,309, p = 0,019). Ada hubungan masa kerja dengan penurunan fungsi paru jenis restriktif (r = -0,451, p = 0,000). Ada hubungan kebiasaan merokok dengan penurunan fungsi paru jenis restriktif (r = -0,510, p = 0,000). Ada hubungan masa kerja dan kebiasaan merokok dengan penurunanfungsi paru jenis restriktif (F = 11,520, p = 0,000). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah masa kerja dan kebiasaan merokok dapat menyebabkan menurunnya kapasitas fungsi paru (meningkatkan obstruktif dan restriktif fungsi paru) baik secara sendiri maupun bersama-sama pada tenaga kerja yang terpapar debu tembakau. Kata kunci: Masa kerja, kebiasaan merokok, kapasitas fungsi paru, terpapar debu tembakau.

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ABSTRACT Years of Service, Smoking Habits and Lung Function Capacities of Workers which are Exposed to Tobacco Dust in Processing PT. Djitoe ITC Surakarta

The exposure of tobacco dust to pulmonary function during long periods can affect vital capacity degradation in the form of restriction and obstruction impairment. Thereby, long period of work experienced may cause dust conglomeration in the lung cumulatively. The aim of the research is to know and discuss more details the relation of the years of service and smoking habits with the lung function capacities of exposed workers to tobacco dust in processing PT. Djitoe ITC Surakarta. Research was conducted by analytic survey with cross sectional approach. Samples were strictly limited for men workers who worked in the processing that fulfill the inclusion criterion. The numbers of sample were counted of 52 men workers. Data were obtained by directly interview and using the past measurement. Furthermore, data were analyzed by invariant, bivariat and multivariate. The result of the research showed that workers who exposed tobacco dust have had relation between the years of service and lung function degradation type of obstructive (r = -0.347; p = 0.006). There also were relation between smoking habits and lung function degradation type of obstructive (r = 0.310; p = 0.0130). The relation between the years of service and smoking habits with the lung function degradation type of obstructive was significant ( F = 4.309; p = 0.019). There were relation between the years of service and lung function degradation type of restrictive (r = -0.451; p = 0.000). There were relation between smoking habits and lung function degradation type of restrictive (r = -0.510; p = 0.000). The relation between the years of service and smoking habits with the lung function degradation type of restrictive was also strongly significant ( F = 11.520; p = 0.000). The conclusion can be drawn that years of service and smoking habits decreased lung function capacities (increasing the Obstructive and Restrictive impairment) either itself or combination causes to workers who exposed to tobacco dust. Key words: years of service, smoking habits, lung function capacities, tobacco dust exposed.

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