Aqida - Timeline

al-Hasan al-Basri d. 110 H. --> Wasil b. Ata d. 131 H. in Basra [walked out of the class of Hasan al-Basir and established the mu 'tazila] --> influenced the Shi ite creed --> mutazili influence can today be found in modernist reformers (Abduh et. al.) --> al-Ikwhan al-Muslimun Imam Abu Hanifa: al-Imam al-Azham Thabit b. Nu'man 80 - 150 H. in Bahgdad founder of the sciences of Fiqh and Kalam Imam Malik b. Anas 93 - 179 H. in Madina Imam Muhammad b. Idris al-Shafii b. 150 - 204 H. in Egypt Imam Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Hanbal b. 164 - d. Friday 12th of Rabi al-Awwal if 241 H. in Baghdad [193-232: the mutazilite Abbasides were in power] Imam Muhammad b. Ismail al-Bukhari d. 256 H.in Samarqand Imam Abul Husayn Muslim d. 261 H. in Nisabur [279 - 334 H. Mutadidi caliphs] Abu Ja far al-Tahawi d. 321 H. in Cairo Abu al-Hasan al-Ash ari d. 324 H. in Baghdad Muhammad al-Maturiri d. 333 H. in Samarkand [Buwid, then Slejuk era] Ibn Furak d/ 406 in Baghdad Abul Hasan al-Quduri d. 428 in Baghdad Hafizh Abu Nuaym al-Asfahani d. 430 H. Abul Hasan al-Mawardi d. 448 in Baghdad Hafizh Abu Bakr al-Bayhaqi d. 463 in Baghdad Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi d. 463 H. in Baghdad Imam al-Haramayn Ibn al-Juwayni d. 478 in Baghdad (teacher of Imam al-Ghazali) Abul Hamid al-Ghazali d. 505 H. in Nisabur Fakhr al-Din al-Razi d. 606 in Khurasan Qadi Abu Bakr b. al-Arabi d. 543 in Fas [student of al-Ghazali's] Qadi Abu al-Fadl Iyad d. 544 in Marakesh Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani d. 561 H. in Baghdad Ibn Asakir d. 571 H. in Damascus Ibn Qudana al-Maqdisi d. 620 H. in Damascus

Muhiy al-Din Ibn al-Arabi d. 638 in Damascus [656 H. Mongol invasion of Baghdad, followed by rise of Mamluk-Ottoman Empire] Imam Abul Hasan al-Shadhili d. 656 H. in Egypt Izz al-Din b. Abd al-Salam d. 660 in Cairo Imam al-Nawawi d. 676 in Damascus [Ibn Batuta, Ibn Khaldun] Shams al-Din al-Dhahabi d. 748 in Damascus Ibn Qayyim al-Jazziyya d. 751 in Damascus Imam Taqi al-Din al-Subki d. 756 H. in Egypt Imam Taj al-Din al-Subki d. 771 H. in Damascus Ibn Taymiyya d. 728 H., buried in the Sufi graveyard of Damasus [convicted for heresy under the Egyptian Sultanate] Ibn Kathir d. 774 buried in the Sufi graveyard of Damasus Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali d.795 in Damascus Imam Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani d. 852 H. in Cairo Imam al-Jazuli d. ~870 H. Imam Abd al-Wahhab al-Sharani d. Imam Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti d. 911 in Cairo Imam Abd al-Wahhab al-Sharani d. 905 in Cairo Mulla Ali al-Qari d.1014 in Makka Abd al-Ghani al-Nablusi d. 1150 H. in Damascus Shah Wali Allah al-Dihwali d. 1176 H. in Dehli Muhmmad b. Abd al-Wahhab d. 1182 in Najd [condmned for heresy under the Ottoman Sultanate] Abidin family in Damascus 13th-14th century Kettani family in Fas 14th-15th century
The Caliphs:

Umawi 132-36 as-Saffah 136-58 al-Mansur 158-69 Muhammadul-Mahdi 169-70 al-Hadi Abbasi 170-93 Harun al Rashid 193-98 al-Amin ibn Harun 198-218 al-Ma'mun ibn Harun [mutazili, heavy repression aginst non-mutazilites] 218-27 al-Mu'tasim ibn Harun 227-32 al-Wathiq 232-47 al-Mutawakkil 247-48 al-Muntasir 248-52 al-Musta'in

252-55 al-Mu'tazz 255-56 al-Muhtadi 256-79 al-Mu'tamid 279-89 al-Mu'tadid [pushed away kharajism] 289-95 al-Muktafi 295-320 Muqtadir bi'llah ibn il-Mu'tadid 320-22 al-Qahir bi'llah ibnil-Mu'tadid 322-29 al-Radi bi'llah ibn il-Mu'tadid 329-33 al-Mutaqqi bi'llah ibn il-Mu'tadid 333-34 al-Mustakfi bi'llah ibn il-Mu'tadid 334-63 al-Muti' ibn il Muqtadir [buwid] ...[In the 4th century H. the (shiite) buids took over the in Baghdad, and the (shiite) fatimites in Egypt] ...[In the 5th century H. the Turkish seljuks took over in Baghdad] 640-656 al-Musta'sim (last abbaside caliph in Baghdad) [The abbaside caliphate was dissolved upon the Mongol distruction of Baghdad in 656 H.] Ottoman - Mamluk era [In the 7th century H. the Mamluks defeated the mongols, the fatimides and the crusaders, and established government in Egypt, while the Ottoman Empire was founded in Turkey] Modern Time European appripropriations in North- and West Africa Napoleon's invasion in Egypt Saudi rebellion in Najd Rise of Arab-Nationailsm Attaturk's deposition of the Ottoman Rulers "Salafi-Ikhwani"movement in Egypt Rise of Saudiarabia