1.

1. shlAh Gf l Sv lv In? C J?
shlAh Gf l Sv lv Jf. C
1. qOm
2. Dpnm
3. Vm
4. mqv
5. sdm
6. m
7. sASl.

lg Sy

xv

q A s m
l

m
A l P

vAO

SnV P

1. shlA Gh Syv Ovl.

2. shlA lS q CAA OdP.
3. ppAVp pOp Cn dsd m CAd.
4. shl A 32, 87, 263 Vlp Ovd.
5. A l ppAVAv shlA Jf mAv Ovl.
(, Omf, Vm, CO, sZv, Dw)
6. shlAv 28 v, 7 OAl qwh qAhv Ov.
7. lAv ld CgVvpl vm,
WS SYh vm lA ChAl.
8. CgVv plO SYhO OvAv hf 2 SAdv.
9. SnV vAfm mS pAv GAl.
10. sh qgO Ov PAA 82 h PAA.
(Cvsl, DAl pl vn OOmf lS qhAl)
11. SnV OvnO, sh qgO OvnO hf +5 SAdv 30 nv.
12. SnV v A GlA 10 SAdvh, EAfv
A AhA SA.3.30 nv.
13. qOmh lm pAVOm v
SYh, Ym, pAYs, Y O.
14. sh lA, Vmv l sYm Pm O m P CAd.
15. v ph YA Cn mqv m pv.
16. shln, vAOm qO Yv Al, m Al P Vm.
17. sh lAh qfm l Sv lA sASl (4906 O. .)
18. DAlpl j Pqf 972 O..
19. shlp sl qf 15,200 O. .
20. shlp jP qf 6,100 O..
21. shlAv pl A Ym, Wm A S.
22. shlAv pl OAl qwh qAhA CAfm nOs lv,
Wm OAl qwh qAhA vlv.
23. CAfm nOs lv sASy PhAv Ov.
24. vlv Ct lv Ov.
25. vlvO pv Gm l qAsm l.
26. vlvO pv GmlA xv.
27. slPO lSS m shlp l Sd nOs l
28. sh lA lS q P 23 1/2 Gh CAA Od P.
29. f lv OvO Sv A hymf.
30. shlnO lgp Om hymf vn OmO.
31. S Yln qmZ.
32. mSvAf Yln O.
33. CgVv pl Yln FdmS.
34. Gh pl Yln vO.
35. Vv pl Yln .
36. shlnO EAf Cmp dnO Ogm ml
Al ml (INDUS)
37. IST : Indian Standard Time - sh qgO Ov.
38. shl vgA tmhAv JOhA.

Gh Sy

vAfm mSA

2. shlAv J, J v qOm h lm pAVOAdm?

Y. qOm h AS lm pAVOAdm 2v 4. C
1. Y O 2. pAYs
3. Ym
4. SYh.

Ym
SYh

tmhAv JOhA
O qAhAS Sv v
SYh
L

4. mlAv O qAhA Sv vn ? C J ?
1. mlAv 6100 O.. qf Sv l jA Ovl.
2. F jn DmOn hl vm.
3. h O v :
1. p sASv
2. L
3. DAlpl
4. hymf.
4. p O v :

1. Oy
2. OdO
3. S
4.

5. SYh

5. shlnO D p Iv WAl?
Y. shlA Cm p fnO Sv OgA
1. p sh ln shf Cm Y pqwAVf.
2. shn p lS m lnO shlA Cn p WAl.
3. shlnO EAf Cmp dnO Ogm ml Al ml (INDUS)
4. Al ml Asf nAV pYvm EAfv Cn SOv pm.
5. EAfv n qAhA Osd EAf Cn p WAl.

8. sh l vn Wd W plv?
Y. sh l vn Wd W plv:
1. shlnO hm CgVv pl vn
ldm Cfv.
2. pm SYh vn g Dp OV.
3. Ghm Y O vn v phv.
4. lgm hymf vn OmO.

DAlpl

OdO

O m P

SYh

CgVvpl

O m O .

S d
nOs

37 6 Gh CAA

O m
P

82 h
PAA

68 7 h PAA

6. O m P CmSm?
Y. O m P
1. sh lA, Vmvm sZAV l Pm O m P CAl.
2. sdm O hm vv ASsSAv F l P Ovl.
7. shl GnOn hvp
Y. shl GnO:
1. sh lA 8 4 37 6 Gh CAv lm,
2. 68 7 97 25 h PAv lm Ovl
3. sh l A 3.28 .V.O..

p
sA Sv

97 25 h PAA

3. shlAv tmhAv JOhA Ovln Id VpSv?

Y. tmhAv JOhA:
siO, ATO, AiO hhv Sv sh lAv tmhAv
JOhA, JOhAv tmhA OmsfhAl.
tm sSzO phv: shlA OOv sqvm, l siO
phvm OwS GAl. Om GpPAfAS pvsfhml.
hg iShv: shlAv Cm P, Gp Cm P
hhv Sv.
hv: Al, l, O, sl, Ym, O lvS hv
GmpdO CAl l l sA GAl.
ATO phv: l Yhv, hSv, Ovv, sv, DVv, Cvd
Gm. CmpdO CnAdvm mA JOhn VfSv.
AiO l: lAv AiO tmhA GAl. shlAv D,
lf Ahv Ov. shlA CmO Yhv, hv psnO SAl.
hA l shln LO sSzO JOhA Sv lAS SAVV.

Y
O
pAYs

8 4 Gh CAA

Y
O vn
v
p
h v

CgVv p l vn
ld m Cf v.

SYh vn g Dp OV

sh l vn
Wd W plv

2
hym f vn Om O

9. Gp PAfmSm? shln GpPAfA Cn IAlO pv?

PAfA :
sSzO lA, l Ov hhv, CmO sv, CmOhv,
ClO Yms AiO lA Sv v ssSn
PAf CAd.
GpPAfA:
PAfnO Afvm vgvo OwS Gm ssSn GpPAfA
CAd. Gl: shlA.

shlA GpPAfAS pvsfdO Sv Ogv:

1) sSzO lA:
Ghm v phv, lv SAS-Al lmA,
pm k If, pesv, jlmv Ad OOv
sqvh shlA sSzO ln OwS GAl.
2) l Ov hhv :
Gh shlAv Gp CmP hi, lg shlAv
DmP hi Ovl.
3) CmO hv:
shlAv Al, A, O, Ym, sl, O Ad CmO
hv Ov.
4) CmO sv :
shlAv Al, hvS, yyA, hyA, OmfA Ad CmO
sv df Ov.
5) ClO Yms :
shlAv 121 Od Yms Ovl. ppAVAv Ymsv 2mA.
6) AiO lA:
shlAv CmO Yhv, hSv, Ahv Ov.
7) tm ATO phv :
shlAv CmO DVv, Aplv Ov.
8) iOv :
l mAl LAf, mvSf, I, vdd Ad iOvm.
9) vm ssSA :
shl vA 3.28 .V.O.. ppAVAvn pllvv Jf
mAv Ovl.
p lAS shlA PAfnO GAfvm vgvo OwSAl.
Om shln GpPAfA Cn pv.
10. sh lAvn lv lv, d g, A SAW

sh lAvn lv lv-g
1. sh lnO sASyPhAv, Ct lAv 247 lv Ov.
2. sASyPhAv CAfm nOs lv Ov.
3. Ct lAv vlv Ov.
4. CAfm nOs lv CS ph vv, mpvh Jfm.
5. CAfm nOs lv 10- 14 Gh CAv l Ov.
6. vlv pSfp lv.
7. vlv 8- 11 Gh CAv l Ov.
8. vlv Vd jAVv tiOv Ov.
9. sh lnO vAOO l qAsm l Ovl.

ClO Yms

vl v

p
sASv

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

,
,
,

2.
,

1. dk l qAhA ApfmnO S fhvpf
v phvS .
2. vv ppAVv Ci hg fh phv.
3. vv qf 2400 O. . vA 5 vv V. O. .
4. Chmh vvm l Cn Of CAd. ln
Ih 6100 .
5. lO lgAS Gm phg Vv.
6. ppAVAv Ihm ph PA I (8848 )
7. shlAvn phvv Ihm PA O2 PA. ln Ih 8611 .
8. O2 PA OOA gv GAl.
9. OAfv Sv A CgVv pl. wO gn EVd
OAfv Cn CAd.
- 8848 .
10. q pes dm v AfvAv GAl.
11. shlAv Sv Ciphm fh phv
Dz phv.(Ym)
12. Dz phvv Ihm PA Ad Cs
13. sh ln Gh, lgvS sZAV phv
Al, h phv.
14. Op, d hdvO ovSv pl VAlm.
15. ovS OAfvv Ihm PA lfsd (2637).
/
16. sh lpOv mAl Ihm ph PA Cmv OAfvvn
Cml. (2695 )
17. q pes dm vvv Ovl.
18. wO OAfv qlv Asf mO DOAv SvO yh Ofm
Wl Afvn ss CAl.
19. d CmS Whf qAhA.

20. qXm LAfw lmA/phm LAf dn sAS CAd.

21. mm/ mhm LAfw lmn Pl CAd.

22. Vf, vg ssSvm vl Ov Cn CAd.
23. Alml Ym mA dsd vn m A.
24. CvOmAl, sSk vy lpS l Ow SAS ml
JfhAl.
25. SASml Ym mA vvvn SASi. (2525 O. .)
26. sASlv SASmln plml Cn pv.
K2
27. m A l Ynm ml sphml. (2580 O. .)
28. Sl ml Ym mA vn p Omvvn
mO vl mOhAsOA.
29. sh lpOvAv plml Slml. (1450 O. )
30. lpOvAv Af pl ml O ml. (1296 O. )
31. Oml Ym mA vn svA.
32. ml YmvA l pl vn s OAfv.
33. v lOm pesvm Vml mlml.
34. pSv vv pAV ml ml ml.
35. mlml YmmA l pl vn C OAdO.
36. O ml YmmA OdO vn sS OAfv.
37. v mlv SAS, sph, Al m.

38. pAS pAV mlv ml ml, hpi ml.
39. ppAVAv Ihm pes q pes.
40. p OmvO Sv O p lv.
41. shlp Sp If k If (2 vv V. O. .)
42. h ph gv Ihm qAhA l pl vn pAV .

pv Ysv
1. shlAvn plmm sqvm hvp
Y. shlAv mvS plmm sqv Ov. C
1. v phv.
2. SAS Al lmA.
3. lpOv pes.
4. j lmv.
2. vvvn plmm Pvm hvp
Y. vvvn plmm Pv
1. I PA.
5. mAl l PA.
8. Cmp PA.
2. O2 PA.
6. Ov PA.
9. lyS PA.
3. m
7. V-M-
10. mAl l
4. mAS psh

shlAvn
plmm
sqv

3. sh lm vn Jn Af plm ml vm pm?
Y sh lm vn plm ml v:
1.Al ml.
2. SASml.
3. sph ml.
4. fm CAd Jd? Glgw?
Y. Vv phvO, wO OAfvO l mn hv
shvA Sv l vvm fmv CAd.
Glg:
1. ffm.(GhPAf)
2. qdfm. (GhPAf)
3. Odfm. (Y O)
5. Om CAd Jd? Glgw?
Y. v phvv OqOvO v Yvm Omv
CAl. Glg:
1. Os.
2. svm.
3. mhv.
4. pv.
lpOv pesvn plm mlvm pmAf.
6. lpOv pesv plm mlv:
I. hS pAV mlv:
1. Sl ml.
2. O ml.
3. O ml.
II. pAS pAV mlv:
1. ml ml.
2. hpi ml.
3. ml.
4. si ml.
7. lpOv pes nj vgv pmAf.
1. 16vv Vlp Ovd vAh lpOv pes
Ci pl mO spAS GAl.
2. El O h isYOAv GAl.
3. El h l pO OlS w GAl.
4. l dnO 600 d mAf 900 d Ihv GAl.
5. SAS - Al lmnO lgAS GAl.
6. El Oem v l nh spA.
7. El SAfm sv GAfl.
8. rAO OAtm OvAv phm dO vvh Ofm F pes
l dA mAf pO mdsfAl.

8. vv qPn AVAf.
vv qPh:
1. pdn Sf : vv sh lnO Gh lOv pdn Sf v Ov.
2. qfm : vv qf 2400 O..
3. Ihm : vv ppAVAvm Ihm fh phv.
4. VwSvv mAf g: hOvAv l D mAf V VwSvvm
shlAvO OAf CfSm.
5. qhA : OvAv lmvv A OfnO vv
GpSpfhm.
6. amlvO YmmA: vv SAS, Al, sph Ad
amlvO YmmA.
7. mlpdm: CAlm vv, flvh iOvm DOm.
8. Cd Apl: vvv vm Cvm Cfv Ov.
9. Nl p: vvv vtAV wOv l Nl p
Ctl VAlhml.
10. PnY Apl: S, A, ZAO, nOv, sAS, Af Ad PnYv vtAVVm.
11. Y v: Os, svm, pv Omv Y vS
Af gY CtlO GpSpfVm.
12. phg: E phv Ctvm jhm.
13. YvlVO: vv Yv lVOn Ghi VfnO CmOvAS Gm.
9. h, p Omv O mO pAv Sv hvm hvpAf.
p Omv:
1. E PAl mAl qAs OmO O AW Gm.
2. E CWmm lfm.
3. E Oemm vOi OwS Gm.
4. E ldm Cfvm OwS Gm.
5. F Omvv Sl, O mlv Ynm.
ff m.
h Omv:
1. E sm mAf ovS phv O pAW Gm.
2. E Wmm lfm O.
3. d ngAv JOhA vl.
4. h Omvv ldm Cfv v.
5. F Omv mlvV PAfAV sfhm.
10. hj lmnO, p jlmnO lSv hfv?
Y. slAvn jlmv:
shlAvn jlmvm Af sSvS sZAVV. C.
1. h jlmA.
2. p jlmA.
hjlmA

p j lmA

1. El sASyPhnO, hOmvO l
Ovl.
2. El p sASv mAf OmO O
AW GAl.
3. El sASv , Ghy, , OAfv jn
mvS sSv.
4. F lmA fvS GAl.
5. F lmv fv 100 mAf 150 O..
6. O, Sl, pm, mlv
pmAlv E Ahm svm.
7. EVd DpAdv sS pAfm.
8. Wv , Ov, pwOd v Ov.
9. mlv SA hO.
10. Yvqhv v.
11. F qAhAv A plmi.
12. F qAhAv fvv Ov.

1. El Ct lmO, p OmvO
lm Ovl.
2. SYh vn g Dp OV mAW OmO
O Ovl.
3. El SYh, OAOg, Om, vs jn
mvS sSv.
4. El mS OAfvh Ofml.
5. F lmv fv 50 mAf 80 O. .
6. ml, hpi, , si Ad mlv
pAWmAl v E Ahm svm.
7. EVd gY pAdv sS pAfm.
8. EOf IdAd v Jfvl.
9. mlv SA IO.
10. Yvqhv Ov.
11. F qAhAv Vpv pdd plmi.
12. F qAhAv fvv v.

3.

jm O

1. Monsoon CmplA Cm CtO plA mAf WAl.

2. shlAv GAfv shpm hi Svl.
3. shlAv hhv GAfdO Sv OgA
vA, CAvv hfv.
4. l CAhSAvn hin PAfAhh hi CAd.
5. fxv PAfAhh hi Svl.
6. shlAv hO qhA ml qAhA
Ym vn Yx. (12 A. .)
7. shlAv IO qhA ml qAhA Tvvn
m A (1141 A..)
8. shlAv Chv GSh Y O vn f l mlAl
(-40c)
9. shlAv ChlO GSh Ym vn Yx l mlAl(50c)
10. mj shpm OvA Ym mAf pAs O.
11. shlAv msi shpmv v ClO qhA AsAl.
12. shpmAsA ld Oy jAv qAshAl.
13. SYh j Pm Ol / SYh jA Cn CAd.
14. , S j Pm OAOg jA Cn CAd.
15. OdO j Pm Om jA Cn CAd.
16. Oy j Pm vs jA Cn CAd.
17. hymf j Pm OAfv jA Cn CAd.
18. DAl pl j Pm jA Cn CAd.
19. Lf j Pm Ghv jA Cn CAd.
20. p sASv j Pm AS / sASv jA Cn CAd.
21. mi shpmv vm vs / Oy jAv IOS
A OAl.
22. Fm/iSm shpm OvAv VOhv/hrmv .
23. Fm shpmv vm A qAl jA
mi
OAfv jA /hymf jA.
shpmv
24. sh lAv hrmv AsAV OvA iSm shpm OvA
vl Fm sh pm OvA COs - mAs.
25. hOv pAd shm u CAd. Cpf Sl pAfhAl.
26. Ov CAd pfmAh A OOqfA.
27. lAv OO S Zvv 13 vvn 72Zvv.
28. jm O shlAv 1987 AhAv WAl.
29. Yj l nAhg OOA ppdm AhA 1954.
O
30. jAS lv AsAV qAhA sph v.
31. O psnO hVS S v Ym, DAl pl,
u, , l pl, Lf.
32. mlAv hi Sv qAhA Ym.
33. Opm, k kd Cm Yv hin OAV.
34. k kd YvAhvm sm DlAS hin OAVm.
35. Opm Cm h mv GSh, qh vv DlAS
hin OAVm.
36. DPAP :
Drought Prone Area Programme
OO S qAhv pgzO.
37. NFCP :
National Flood Control Programme
Yj l nAhg OO.

pv Ysv
1. shpm CmSm?
Y sh GpPAfA, Allv l shvm CmAW
pmv fn, mOO vfn shpm CAd.
2. sh pmAsA CAd Jd ?
Y. OvA hh Gv, pvh Ofm COh
Smm shpmAsA CAl.
3. O CAd Jd? jm O CAd Jd?
O :
m qhAv 75 hA Om hO qhAAsAV
in O CAd.
jm O :
m qhAv 50 hA Om hO qhA AsAV
in jm O CAd.
4. shlv In Ovv Gm? C I?
Y shlAv mvS Ovv Gm. C
1. hOvA (fAs mAf ps O).
2. OvA ( mAf O).
3. mi shpm OvA (Ym mAf DS O).
4. Fm shpm OvA (pAs mAf mAs O).

shpm

sh pmAsA

5. hi Ogv CmAV Af Pm plhv?

Y. hi Ogv CmAV Af Pm plhv
1. Opm
mv GSh, qh vv DlAS Opm hin OAVm.
2. kkd
YvAhvm sm DlAS kkd hin OAVm.
6. l ps h iO, PAfAhh h iO Sv hv J?
Y. l ps h i:
1. l jA Asf Gm h in l ps h i CAd.
2. EOf , hOvvAl GSh slv CAhS GAf.
3. P pdgA mAl v pSd GSh 35c AVl.
4. hOvAv Of l psA v CAhS Vw GAfl.
5. EVd 30c GSh GAdAl.
PAfAhh h i:
1. PAfAhh qAhA l jnO lAS lp vhd qAhAv
GAdAl.
2. F qAhAv GSh slv ClOAS GAd.
3. PAfAhh qAhAv Gm fx GSh 40c mAf 45c GAdAl.
4. hOvAv GSh sS hSq, Ci VwS GAdAl.

f
(J&K)

O vn f

Y x
Ym

m A

7. shlAv qh v S AVAf.
Y. 1. sh A shpmvp Dlpfml.
2. qh gv Cni Cmhv Ov.
3. El tlO ClAS GAdAl.
4. CAlO sj n shpmvh YlA Cn CAd.
5. ClO v v lv Asm.
6. Chv v v O phv Asm.
7. lv, Ov shlAv lgAS .
8. Om shl DOtlp qh v iO psn
Vphm.

Ym vn Yx.

8. kkd O shl hi qAhv Ogm

Ap.
Y. k kd Yvmv vsh DlAS shl hin
D sSvS OAVm. C
1. Ci D qAhA.
2. D qAhA.
3. h Gp D qAhA.
4. Gp D qAhA.
5. Gp qAhA.
6. qAhA.

9. shlAv shpm lmn AVAf.

Y. shlAv Af Ov shpm lmvm. C
1. mi shpm lmA (Ym mAf pAs O)
2. Fm shpm lmA (pAs mAf fAs O)

1. mi shpm lmA:1. OvAv GShv v , h SAS lmvv Jfm

Cvpfm qAhn VOmdO Al lA mAf pmv
mi lS .
2. E vs, OAOg, p SYh jv Fm vO
ChlO vn.
2. Fm shpm lmA:1. mi shpmv Gli hS C mOO z SAS lmA mAf
sASyPhAvnO p.
2. d v hymf, O DAl, Lf OdO v A
qAlh.

Tvvn m A

qAhA
Gp

qAhA

h Gp D
qAhA

D
qAhA

Ci D
qAhA

10

4.

1. mlAv CfvV DOAVsfm sA hA 20.55 hA.
(6,75,538 V.O..)
2. Dg hvA OqfdnO lAv Cfv 33 hA GAfw.
3. Cds ChlOAS Sv A lpl.(77,265 V. O. .)
4. shlv Cfv ChvAS Sv m.(1,754 V. O. .)
5. vAv ClOsSA Cfv Sv A CgVv pl.(62.1%)
6. vAv hO sSA Cfv Sv A m.(3.8%)
7. qd qdvO S Gpod, AW od j qAhvv
Al / f Cfv Gm.
8. f CfvO Sv O p Al mv (Al v)
9. Al v p lm Almv Cm p WAl.
10. Almv Sv A p sASv.
11. VAlm, AW SAlA, Yf OdO Cfvv Ov.
12. GAfv yYi Cfv pOmvv Ov.
13. v p hO GpSpf Cfv Dvm Cfv.
14. Dvm v v ph qAhvv Ov.
15. pm Vd pS qAhA vv.
16. G Afv yYi Cfv Ym v Ov.
17. DO pAS ChAh vm Cfv GAfv
DOv Cfv.
18. ufv hO GpSAV DO OAl DO.
19. Y s v pApOA Oy Av IOS Al.
20. Cd Dl pv CSpdv, OShA p, Of pOv,
vO p, hm p.
21. sh Cd qAh Sd OAd IOS Sv v 13.
22. AWSAlA, dO Vd pS Cfv G Afv hh Ofm
DOv Cfv.
23. mv, pp(m pAd) hO GpSpf A
f vO iy A.
24. NRSA CmS National Remote Sensing Agency.
25. Yj Cd lmn 1952 AhAv p pd.

f Cfv

Al v

pv- Ysv.
1. Cd Dl pvm OnAdn pm?
Y. Cd Dl pv
1. OShA p.
6. CSpdv p.
2. ufv p.
7. Nlv p.
3. Of v p.
8. vO, Ovp p.
4. sv p
9. hm p
5. s p.
10. pf p.

GAfv
DOv Cfv

C gVv pl

l pl

G Afv hh Ofm
DOv Cfv

p
s A Sv

KS

11

2. DOv Cfvv vtAV vm Ghhvm pm?

Y. DOv Cfvv vtAV vm Ghhv
1. SSvA.
4. dO.
7.AWSAlA.
10. ZS
2. Yf.
5. Iso.
8.
11.
3. P
6. vO
9. s
12. Zm

3. shlAv Cfvm Ctl pVvm DOh Jd?

Y. 1. pvO Cm f Ovm CAlAVdO.
2. hg Ovn nAVdO.
3. qhn pAW od Ohm hSAVdO.
4. pnd hVdO.
5. gY vSv Ovp Ghhvm qAldO.
shlAv Cfvm Ctl pVvm DOh Ovl.
4. Cfv g d DO qlmhm Ap?
Cfv g:
1. shlAv 680 vv O Cd s Al.
2. El sh Av 20.55 hA.
3. pAS Cfv lpl v IOS Ov.
4. pAS Cfv mv hOS Ov.
5. vpAS CgVv plv Cfv IOS Ov.

6. vpAS Of mv Cfv hOS Ov.
DO qlmh:
1. Yj Apl:
vm Ovp, O S, Ad VO pAv Cfv
Dln CAlm.
2. Sv:
S ngA, A, pv, g lvS ASvO
Ovm Ovpm Cfv CAlm.
3. pvO f plv:
pvO Ovm vO, s, ZS, lvm CAlm.
4. pSA :
pvO Ovm DA, Sf vtml.
5. gYGhhv:
Yf, AWSAlA, Ovp, OSY Ad vm Ghhvm CAl.
6. Nl p:
Cfvv vtAV Nlv vm Nlp Ctl VAlhml.
7. lO lA :
Cd Ghhv ISi l lO lA vtml.

G Afv hh Ofm
DOv Cfv

SSvA

12


5.

p h

iOv
1. CmS Ozm a AsAl plv.
2. hn gh Cqv npAVsfd v LAf
iOv Ifh.
If
3. pAYs mAf CA O Sv SAS,Al lmAv
LAf
iOv
iOv
LAf iOv Ov.
4. LAf iOvv mp qd
lS GAd.
m vSf
iOv
5. LAf iOvv mdYm a AsAl
plv hOS GAd.
6. mdYm Iv IOS fwm iO LAf iO.
7. qXm LAfw lmA/phm LAf dn sAS CAd.
8. mm LAfw lmn Pl CAd.
9. mvSf mvv sAOdn OwS hm IO OvA
nvVOAd. Cm nO CmOvA
EOlsv
10. mvSf iOvm GAfv VYv Cn pv.
11. v, o, Smd vvp Jfm iO mvSf iO.
12. lOm v mAl Sv mvv mvSf mvv.
13. mvSf mvv Emp plA GAfd v mvS GAd.
14. mvSf mvv pi, mm SAYv, W lmv, VO,
qSO pAdvO pl.
15. p Omd vpAW GAf mvv Imvv.
16. shlAv ChlO qAhn DOAWm iOv
I iOv. (29.08%)
17. dOO qAh vv lvA VAl IiOv Jf.
18. lgAS pgi VAln iOv ph iOv.
19. wO Cm pl ymA vm vdd iOv Jfh.
20. vdd mvv hO, Op, s, Os pAdvO pl.

21. If EO iOvv s, Sl, W lmv pAfm.
22. VAsv ml qAhAv CmzO OA YSVml.

23. SYm n pm vl
qf CAd.
24. iO O OOv p YvA, Sw, mv.
25. DAl pl mAl YS iO OA AO OA.
26. EOlsv pm OA v Jfh.
27. iO Ag plhv OAd sAfAS, CmzOvO Odv,
pAS, VOfv nAVd.

28. CmzO OA m, VAsv, ml pO
qAhAv IO.
29. shlAv O pO l Jd Sdm pi OO
OdO q iOv 16.4 dmv.

1. sh lAv In Ov iOv Ov.
Y. sh lA - iOv
sh lAv D Ov iOv Ov. C
1. LAf iOv.
2. mvSf iOv.

3. I iOv.
4. vdd iOv.
5. ph iOv.
6. If iOv.
2. LAf iOv vgv?
Y. LAf iOv vgv:
1. LAf iOv ml nqv v Jfh.
2. E Ahm.

3. mn, hd iOv.

4. EAlv mp , qd lS GAd.
5. LAf iOvv mhYn, a AsAl plv
hOS GAd.
6. LAf iOvv sS pAfhAl.

13

3. iO OA CmS m?
Y. iO OA:
p YvA, Sw, mv, YAhv Ad Y OOv v
hn Ahm iO pq OdOqfn
iO OA Cn CAd.
4. pd OA CmSm ?
Y. pd OA:
OAfqh vO, eh lvO iOv p qv OdOn
qfn pd OA Cn CAd.

5. AO OA CmSm ?
Y. AO OA:
pd OA CvS OmSh iOv Viy DOAv
Sfv Jfh. lnm AO OA Cn CAd.
6. CmzO OA CmSm ?
Y. CmzO OA:
OA CvS OmSh AOv vh pl CmzOv Jfm.
lnm CmzO OA Cn CAd.
7. iO OA m nh p Cn Id VpSv?
Y. iO OA m nh p:
1. pvm pd.
2. Cfvm mO d.
3. hpf plhv CvAtAVd.
4. SYm pm A.
5. mvm nwAVd.
pvm pd
6. OAfqAhvv fm nAVd.
p Ogvv iOOA mnh p Cn VpV.
8. iO On Id COdVm? vl Pm iO
Ag plhv pm?

Y. Pm iO Ag plhv
1. OAd sAfAS.
2. lOvm nAVd.
3. CmzOvO Odv Odd.
4. pAS.
5. mn qfm ssSv pAdv pAfAVd.
6. ndvv Sfn pAVd.
7. VOfv nAVd.
8. Cfvm pAVd.
9. pvm pfn nAiAVd.

SAS,Al lmA

VAsv ml

pd OA

AO OA

OAd sAfAS
CmzO OA

lOv

9. iO OA CmSm? iO O OOv?
Y. p YvA, Sw, mv, YAhv Ad Y OOv v
hn Ahm iO pq OdOqfn
iO OA Cn CAd.
iO O OOv:
1. phAS A OfA.
2. jAS Svv fA.
3. pv d, mvm nwAVd.
4. qf A.
5. mv V s hOv.
6. OAf qAhv fm nAVfA.
OAd sAfAS
7. spg plhv SAW pYvO hwOqfA.
8. s Aqhv.
9. COhS lv fA.

VOf
pAS

OAf qAhv fm
nAVfA

14

6.
1. shlA Av ppAVAv Jf mn DOAW GAl.
2. shlA Ymsv ppAVAv Af mn DOAW GAl.
ld mA Vm.
3. 2001 Yms vOv pOA shl Yms 121,01,93,422.
4. 2001 vOv pOA ppAV Ymsv sh Yms 16.7 hA
(2011 vOv pOA 17.5 hA)
5. sh l Sg Yms hA 72.22 hA
(pdg Yms 27.78 hA)
6. mSOgv DAlpl mA 5.
7. IO mS Yms Sv A .
8. hO mS Yms Sv A Vv pl.
9. IO mS Yms Sv OAl qwh qAhA mfx
10. hO mS Yms Sv OAl qwh qAhA llmS w.
11. Sg Yms ClOAS Sv A Vv pl.
12. IO Yms Sv v S Gh pl, , u,
p sASv, DAl pl, hymf.
13. shlAv IO YmsSv A Ghpl.
14. shlAv hO Yms Sv A OA.
15. ClO Yms Sv OAl qwh qAhA fx.
16. Cv Yms Sv OAl qwh qAhA vlv.
17. ClO p ni Sv A Oy.
18. Cv p ni Sv A m.
19. Yms pSlv d IOS Sv A mSvAf.
20. Yms pSlv d hOS Sv A Oy.
21. mS Yms pSfn mSOg CAd.
22. YmAlh CAd Vlp Ovdv nAV Yms.(2001 - 382)
23. IO YmAlh Sv A u (u YmAlh 1102).
24. hO YmAlh Sv A CgVv pl.
(CgVv pl YmAlh 17).
25. ChlO YmAlh Sv OAl qwh qAhA fx
(fx YmAlh 9340).
26. Chv YmAlh Sv OAl qwh qAhA CAfm nOs lv
(CAfm nOs lv YmAlh 46).
27. OdAs nAhg qd Yms pSlvm COdV.
28. 2011 pOA sh l Ch 74.04%
29. 2011 pOA DAl pl Ch 67.66%

15

KS

1. YmAlh CmSm? shl YmAlh IAh?

Y. 1. Sdm LO Vlp Ovd Av nAV Ymsm
YmAlh CAd. 2011 pOA shl Ym Alh 382.

2. shlAv Yms pSlvO Sv Ogv J?

shlAv ClO Yms pSlvO Sv Ogv:
1. O OdOvm nwAW, Ym mn nlAVfA YSAl.
2. l YmA l CAd lvm nwAWm.
3. pSm Gql COv.
4. gv d OAd Ymmv d IOS GAffA.
5. nh vm OdAs nAhg plhvm qdAVO qd.
6. S AhmA OA nAVfA.
7. sv v YSfA.
8. DmOdv nAVAfA l lv vm OwS qg
mn nAVAfA YSAl.
9. AhmA sSAhfWm AS sAVfA.
10. AhmnO l IO l vOqfA.
11. hm p plhv CAlsdvO fA.
12. p Ogvv shlAv Yms pShAl.
3. Yms dmA/ Yms pSlv v OwS v?
Yms dmA
1. hO OvAv Yms pSlv IOS GAd lnn
Yms dm Cn CAd.
2. 1951 AhAv shl Yms 36.1 Od.
3. ph shl Yms 121 Od.
4. ph Yms m Ch ClO Yms ZO sA.
Yms dmA v OwS v
I. ATO v :
1. nh pShAl.
2. l Ov OwAVv.
3. Ofv pSh.
4. Shv hSh.
5. D pShAl.
II. DO v :
1. am pg hShAl.
2. O pShAl.
plOA
3. nlSA pShAl.
4. plOA pShAl.
III. pg v :
1. s nSA pS s pShAl.
2. iO OA pSm.
3. Yv pShAl.
4. YAhYvA OmS ChAl.
5. Apl hSq pg hvA lsiAdAl.
IV. hg v :
1. mSOg pShAl.
2. qOOg pShAl.
3. hg OvA pShAl.
4. YvOvA pShAl.
5. sOvA pShAl.

qOOg

O OdOvm
nwAWm

hm p plhv

sv v

S AhmA OA
nAVfA 0

16

4. Yms nAhg v?
Y. Yms nAhg v
1. Yms dmA pln pYvO hwYw.
2. Ymmv dm nAiAVw.
3. ph OdAsn qhAVw.
4. Chm pAVw.
5. OdAs nAhgm CAl qdAVw.
6. ph AhmA OA nAVl.
7. sv vm nAiAVw.
8. f mOvm lwpdw.
9. AhmnO l CAhA qdAVw.
10. LO l, CAhO AW l Cm nmln Cv Vw.

hg OvA pShAl

LO l, CAhO AW l

YvOvA pShAl

Yv pShAl

Ofv pSh
l COv hSh
ph OdAsA

ph
OdAsA

-
. .

1991

2001

2011

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

84.39
52.11
64.13
39.29
90.00
38.48
927
273
+23.85 %
6.63
44.09 %
242
972

102.7
65.38
75.85
54.16
90.92
47.53
933
324
+21.34 %
7.57
61.11 %
275
978

121.0
74.04%
82.14%
65.46%
93.91%
63.82%
940
382
+17.64 %
8.46
67.77 %
308
992

17


7.
1. sh DO O A mO Adl.
2. shlAv od qlv hv f Ov.
C 1.sv (44%), 2.Ovv (36%), 3.Vv (20%).
3. od qlv Ovv sv pk mAv Sv.
4. shlAv Vv IOS Sv qAhA lOm pes.
5. Vv IOS Sv A DAlpl .
6. Ovv, sv l A IOS YS A Ghpl.
7. odqlv Alh ClOAS Sv pAYs.
8. odqlv Alh hOS Sv A YA.
9. mlAv 1204 S d lh Ghi V Ci pl pkOA sOmASv.
10. Yv lVOn hvsS Cn Of CAd.
11. O pkOA O pYmvm mqv, EAf lv qAlhm.
12. CADP :
Command Area Development Programme
OAf J fvpAd qS.
13. DVC : Damodar Valley Corporation ll x Om
14. KWH : Kilo Watt Hour - Ov d C.
pv Ysv
1. aOvO, lOvO Sv hf Jd?
Y. aOvv: 1. AhA qfm o pAV vm Ovvm
aOvv CAd.
2. aOvv v IAfq.
3. aOvv IO od pgA OwS GAd.
4. aOvv shlAv Gh lm qAhAv IOS Ov.
l Ovv: OvAvn l odp Dlpf GAf Ovvm l
Ovv CAd. lv hSmpf Ovv od
dA Of hSq IAfqh.
2. lg sO, Sdp sO Sv hf Jd?
Y. lg s:
1. lg sv hO vh GAd.
2. hO qAhnO od in CAl.
Sdp s
1. Sdp sv IO vh mAf odn
jAlO GpS pfh.
2. IO qAhnO od in CAl.
Sdp s

3. YvlVOO CmOwAV phv?

Y. 1. v IAfqn amlv pv.
2. pl Yvv.
3. Ihm plvmAf o Yvd.
4. TosAVn ml Yvv.

lOm
pes

sy lO pkO p

ml

vtqAl v

1. sOmASv
2. t
2. mSm S
3. Of
4. O
5. ll
6. hASsl
8. VAsv
9. SAfO
10. SAS

Vv pl
pAYs
DAl pl
L
u
u
OdO
l pl
u
Gh pl

dY ml
t
O ml
ml
Oml
ll ml
hASsl ml
VAsv
SAfO
SAS

pAYs, m, Ym
m, Ym
DAl pl
L
sh lA, mqv
u, p sASv
DAl pl, OdO
Ym, l pl
u, Gh pl, mqv
Gh pl

18

4. shlAv od qlvm Ctl pVvm CA Jd?

Y.
shlAv odqlv DOh
1. pfmAh qhA vOqdA.
2. Cnh qhA.
3. pAdvO pS od p OwAVdO.
4. A On shvO h phfA vm.
5. O OdOv mAW AVOfA OO.
6. CmO pAdv pAfAVd l hin ClOA VdA OO.
7. vm pAdv mmm CvpVdA OO.
8. AOYi pAdv n qhAVdA OO.
9. uf svm hAS GpSAvO hfA OO.
10. pShm YmsO Cm Dlmvm Ghi VfA OO.
11. p Ogv v shlAv odqlvm Ctl pVvm
DOh IAhm GAl.

s OmAS v

O
l l
O f

mS m S

5. sy lO pkO CAd Jd? ln Dv J?

Y.
sy lO pkO
CmO pYmvm DAW nAWm pkOvm sy lO
pkO CAd.
sy lO pkOv Dv
1. Ctl :
sO od qlv hvm OvSYfA.
2. lvm nlAVd:
ml pvm nAiAVd l lvm nlAVVm.
3. iO pg:
lvm nAiAVd l iO On nlAVVm.
4. Yv lVO :
FYvvvn od l Yv lVOn ClOAS Ghi VV.
5. Yv g:
F plOv l Jf Yvv, Ovv Yv gO
GpSpfh.
6. Vpv Ghi:
F pkOv l Vpv Ghin ClOA VVm.
7. Cfv pApOA :
qYOO Vd Sv qAhAv Cfvm pAVV.
8. ml pdm :
F pkOv pdOvm DO.
9. AW od p:
F pkOv pYvO hSodn CAl.
6. s, l, Wmh od qlv pkOv l Sv
sl?
Y. I. s od qlv pkOv:
1. 10000 O OAd IOS Ss GAdAl.
2. E mlvp nAVsfh.
3. E l OvAv pwhn.
4. E shlAv 158 Ov.
II. l h od qlv pkOv:
1. 2000 mAf 10000 O Ss GAdAl.
2. E Gpmlvp nAVsfh.
3. E shlAv 226 Ov.
4. dn pshv n.
III. Wmh od qlv pkOv:
1. 2000 O OAd hO Ss GAdAl.
2. E Vv, sv lvSm.
3. E hO OvAv pwhn.

KS

SA S

S A f O

V A sv

h ASs l

s od qlv pkOv:

l h od qlv pkOv

Wmh od qlv pkOv

19

7. sh lAvn plmm sy lO pkOv

OnAdn hvp.

sOmASv plOA

sh lAvn plmm sy lO pkOv

I. sOmASv pkOA:
1. lnn Vv pl vn dY mlp nAV.
2. pAYs, m, Ym v Gf pkOA.
3. od qlv, Yv lVO ln plm GlA.
mSm S pkOA

II. mSm S pkOA:

1. DAlplv mvAf Zvvn mAlOAf l O mlp
lnn nAV.
2. od qlv, Yv lVO ln plm GlA.
III. Of pkOA:
1. Lvn Asv p l mlp lnn nAV.
2. lv nAhg, od qlv, Yv lVO ln plm GlA.
IV. O pkOA:
1. u lv Omlp lnn nAV.
2. El CAhj pkOA.
3. sh lA mqv lv F pkOA l vsA qAlhm.
4. lnn OAl pshA nml.
5. od qlv, Yv lVO ln plm GlA.
V. ll v pkOA:
1. YAf vn ll ml Gpmlvp CmO DmOdv nAV.
2. lnn ll mlv ClO A (D.V.C) nml.
3. lv nAhg, od qlv, Yv lVO, mOgA
ln plm GlA.

Of pkOA

O pkOA

ll v pkOA

VI. hASsl pkOA:

1. OdO vn sy Zvv vp l hASsl mlp lnn nAV.
2. OdO, DAl pl v Gf pkOA.
3. od qlv, Yv lVO ln plm GlA.
hASsl pkOA

VII. t pkOA:
1. El t Yvvm dY Yvvh OvphAl.
2. pAYs, m, Ym v Gf pkOA.
3. od qlv, Yv lVO ln plm GlA.
VIII. VAsv pkOA:
1. VAsv mlp lnn nAV.
2. Ym, l pl v Gf pkOA.
3. od qlv, Yv lVO ln plm GlA.

IX. SAfO pkOA:

1. uvn SAfO mlp lnn nAV.
2. u, Gh pl v Gf pkOA.
3. od qlv, Yv lVO ln plm GlA.
4. mqv Of vt qAlhml.

SAfO pkOA

t pkOA

SAS pkOA

X. SAS pkOA:
1. Gh plv SAS mlp lnn nAV.
2. Gh pl A F pkOA l vt qAlhml.

VAsv pkOA

20

8.
1. D lmv Ghin pAVfnO GlAWm mhm
plin h pA CAd.
2. Ym mAf COs O Sv pAdOvn Pp CAd.
3. mAs mAf O Sv pAdOvn u CAd.
4. pAd Ovn Yl CAd.
5. mvSf mvv pi pAdO CmOvA.
6. Y s v pApOA Oy Av IOS Al.
7. h pA CAd l pkOv l qv Ghin pAVfA.
8. Dpm pf qYO v qv Ghi SgoAS pSAl.
9. Dpm pf qYO qAsm AhA 1970.
10. ppAV qv Ghiv shlA 2 mAv GAl.
11. pAdm IOS pAfAV A psASv.
12. sh DO O A mO Adl.
13. YjlAv ASA d 30%.
14. Ym Ghiv pk mAv Sv A p sASv.
15. hO pAdO Vd hh Ofm GAfv hi Ow
16. Op pAdO Vd D GAfv hi CA.
17. h pA plm GlA D lmv Ghin pAVfA.
18. ow pA CAd l pkOv l Vpv Ghin pAVfA.
19. Ym, S, OYm, Yvm W lmv CAd.
20. qSO Ghiv pkmAv Sv A DAl pl.
21. Av ClO d Ghlh v DOm.
22. shlAvn Sd sOhA 1.7 O.
23. hO pAdv pk mAv Sv lA shlA.
24. sh lAv IOS Vpv OAV jA p jA.
25. DloOg CmS h A
vl AO Yi A.
26. shlAv A plmAS D pAdv mm.
27. fvv, mlvvv IOS pAf pAd .
28. SYm n qf A vl
pm A Cn Of CAd.
29. pAdv CAh sSAv pAfAV pAdvm CAh pAdv
Cn CAd. Gl: pp lmv.
30. VO G Afv pAd gY pAd.
31. Gp Ovv Vpv pdd mlP lv
hSgAv LO sSA.
32. h pA pi pAd lSsfn pAVvl.
33. NDDB:
National Dairy Development Board
Yj f Ctl s.
34. SFDA :
Small Farmers Development Agency
Wmhv Ctl A.
35. MFALS : Marginal Farmers & Agricultural Labourers Scheme
GqAh hv, Oxv Ctl A.
36. Pp Ovp pAd. Sl u Ovp pAd.
pv Ysv
1. shlAv plm pAd shv J?
Y. shlAvn plm pAd shv
shlAv plm pAd shv f. C
1. Pp - Ym mAf COs O- mj sh pm OvA - .
2. u - mAs mAf - hOvp pAd sh - Sl.
3. Yl - Jpv mAf Ym - pAd sh - qliSf.

qv

h
A

pi

21

KS

2. D pAdv CmSm? Glgn.

hg lmv, W lmv, pp lmvm D pAdv CAd.
1. hg lmv : , Sl, s, v.
2. W lmv : Ym, Y, OYm, S.
3. pp lmv : OAl pp, Glpp, p pp, mS pp, Gvv.
3. q pAdv vO gY pAdv CmSm? Glg n.
amnO OO ClO vsm OA pAfAV pAdvm gY pAdv Cn
CAd. E 3 Ov. C
1. m pAdv
- pi, Ym.
2. hd pAdv
- d, Op, VO, s.
3. hm OwAV pAdv
- qSO.
4. h pA CmSm? ln Glv J?
Y. h pA
1. D lmv Ghin pAVfnO GlAWm mhm
plhvm h pA CAd.
2. 1960 l OAv mhm AOiO plhv, Sm od ng
plhv lvS dh ASAv D pAdv GhlOh
pSAl.
3. F Ovn h pAS .
ln Glv:
1. D Ohm jfA.
2. qO vqn ClSAVfA.
3. mvm AhAS nSAVfA.
4. am pgn pAVfA.
5. Sg qAh plOn hvSAVfA.
6. ASAv vv jOfA.
7. l AptlO llA VfA.
5. h pA CAd Jd?
1. qv Ghin pAVfnO GlAWm pkO h pA.
2. lnm Dpm pf qYO Cn CAd.
3. lnn 1970v qAtAWm.

M. S.

6. ow pA CAd Jd?
Y. Vpv Ghin pAVfnO GlAWm pkO ow pA.
7. YAh Apl CmSm ?
Y. Slv, Dv, Sv, Ov, Sv, LAdv, Oy lvS
dn YAhApl CAd.
7. lAv Vpv pdd p jAvIAlVh IOS
YShml?
1. p jA vAS GAdAl.
2. F qAhp odv rd, mdd IO.
3. CAlv p jAv Vpv sS pSh.
4. lAv Vpv pdd p jAv 75% YShml.

p f

22

8. sj vgvm AVAf?
Y. sj vgv
1. shlAv f plm pAd shv Ov.
C 1. Pp, 2. u, 3. Yl.
2. shlAvn pAdv Af OvS Ov.
C 1. D pAdv, 2. gY pAdv.
3. shlAvn A pS lA.
4. A shpmvp Dlpf GAl.
5. lp sv 33% sO h odqlv OA GAl.
6. shlAv sOhv Wm. Sd sOhA 1.7 O h.
7. ClO Yms v Af vO f pAdv pAfm.
8. hO, s, Op Ad hd pAdvm pAfm.
9. pi, qSO, Ym Ad mSl pAdvm pAfm.
10. DlnO A Of Cvv GAl.
11. shlAv Ghi A hO.
12. Ap Dlpfm IO.
13. Ahv GpSA hO.
14. AhA qfm pAdv pAfAVdnO phv CmOvAS v.
9. sh lAv qPhm AV.
Y. sh lAv qPh
1. shlAv fAd Af Ahv AlO A plmi.
2. Svv 75% AlO plm Dl A.
3. YjlnO vlA.
4. YjlAv ASA d 30%.
5. shlAv A plmAS shpmvp Dlpf GAl.
6. D OO pvO fplvm Of CAlml.
7. A l lO lA Of vtAl.
8. A sjv plm h OO sjv am Ai Of.
10. sj A IlAdm v?
sj A IlAdm v
1. Cnh qhA.
2. iO OA.
3. Wm sOhv.
4. pm A.
5. nvm hv.
6. Iw hSm lAS fOqdA.
7. AjOg YOqdA.
8. od qlv hv Oh.
9. pdsf Oh.
10. m d vOqdA.

()

23

9.
1. dd, Sdd vvv Emplh nqvm.
2. IOS Emp lh nqv Sv vv Dm vv.
3. mlAmAW Em IOS Yqm O ISi ChAl.
4. Lf vn sAYv Em, ASo vtm.
5. DAlplv Emp nqv PA Zvv Gm.
6. mp Ad pO Cm fplA.
7. Ad, Iv pv GpSAV PnY ZpA.
8. YwAVS Adv hv A m GpS.
9. A, ZpA, ZAOm IOS Ghi V A Ym.
10. wSd Op sS hA hymfvn mw v Al.
11. Yv ClOAS Ghi V A lpl.
12. ASo Ghiv shlA ppAVAv 3 mAv Ovl.
13. uWAS qf hO GpSAV PnY ASo.
14. sASn IOS Ghi V A OdO (Ov Smv).
15. lh, IvOnO pvO CsOA(O) hpnS Ow.
16. CsOA Ghiv shlA pk mAv Ovl.
17. mvZvv vtAV PnYA O.
18. b Smv vtAV PnYA sS
19. EAlm On IOS Ghi Vm PnYA mvsS.
20. sS, sOd Ghiv u pk mAv Svl.
21. CvnA f PnY sOd.
22. shlAv S Ghi Vv hOS Al.
23. Cp vvO Glg pdwA.
24. pjA vn P pdwA Ghi qAhA sAs.
25. sAs mAl vtAV PnYA pdwA.
26. mlA IOS lSi VOAdm pdwA.
27. Af Ghiv Ym pk mAv Svl.
28. lh svv pvAd hv GpSAV PnY dASm.
29. lAvn Pm PnY Pv v qAhA.
30. sd Ghiv pkmAv Sv DAl pl.
31. wSd Ghiv pkmAv Sv hymf.
32. IREDAL :Indian Renewable Energy Development Authority Limited
sh pipO SO Ctl A.
33. sh pipO SO Ctl Am Jd Vm
AhA 1987.
34. sj vm IOS lSi VOm lA USA (CO).
35. LO PnYA Oo vl On PnYv Oo IOS vtAV vm
sSzO qAhvm PnY Pv Cn CAd.

PnY mv

24

1. PnYv In OvS OApsf?

C J?
Y. PnYv - Og
PnYv mvS OvS OApsf.
1. v PnYv.
2. Cv PnYv.
3. EAlm PnYv.
4. Cg PnYv.

2. v PnYvm pm?
Y. v PnYv :
1. Em.
2. ASo.
3.
4.
5.

3. Cv PnYvm pm?
Y. Cv PnYv
1. mp .
2. S .
3. ZpA
4. im

5. CgO PnYvm pm?

Y. CgO PnYv :
1. nA.
2. kA.
3. mYd.
4. ddnA.
6. sh lAv Sv P PnY Pvvm
pm?
Y.sh lA - P PnY Pvv
1. ll v qAh:
sS, Em, ASo, CsOA.
2. l shlA:
ASo, sS, sOd.
3. lOm qAh:
sd, D, fvd.
4. OdO qAh:
sAS, O, wO.
5. hymf qAh:
VmO, sOd, Emplh.
6. Oy qAh :
Spd, sOd.
7. l Ym, SYh qAh :
S, A, ZAO, Af, nA.
8. v qAh:
DAdn, nOv, Osv, dASm

4. EAlm PnYvm pm?

Y. EAlm PnYv :
1. mvsS.
2. wSd.
3. pdwA.
4. Y .

25

7. vsh DlAS shlAvn PnYvm OAV.

Y.
vsh DlAS shlAvn PnYv
vsh DlAS shlAvn PnYv f Ov. C
1. lAv GpSAWm ISi VdnO Sv PnYv:
Em, CsOA, ASo, Smd.
2. lAv A lO pf PnYv:
sS, ZpA, sd, CvnA.
3. lAv OhS GAf lSi VOm PnYv:
pdwA, S, A, Af, qlA.

qlA

8. PnYv qPhm Ap.

Y. 1. PnYv qO ASnO f plv.
2. g CtlO EAlm PnYv CA.
3. pOiv vtAV PnYv pYvO amqln Owm.
4. Sv PnYv ISi l l O lA vtml.

9. PnYv gv m vgvm pm.

Y. 1. PnYv g mlAv CmAS GAl.
2. lpOv qAhAv v, Cv PnYv IO.
3. sS hvo mlvvv Gm.
4. pdwA nqv CA, SYhvv IO.
5. Em nqv u, Lf l pl vv IO.
6. Gh shl v lmvv DOAS vm PnYv v.

26

10.

1. pv 3 Ov. C l, PnYl,
Cd Dl pv.
2. l pv v, pAVl, qSO, s,
hy, qf p.
3. PnYl pv Em-GO, Ad, pd mv,
lh GpOgv pv.
4. Cd Dl pv CSpdv, OShA p,
Of pOv, vO p, hm p.
5. p OAlOhm qAhA As, Clsl.
6. YAfv A.P. OShAv Ovl.
7. Ad pO Owm fplv
mp, fvd, ZpA, Vm d, sS.
8. Em GO pO Ovm f plv
Em, ASo, Od, OOAS sS, mp.
9. Ad, Iv pv GpSAV PnY ZpA.
10. 1904 v shlAv ld Ad OSA Vm v
pAV.
11. mp Ad pO Cm fplA.
12. uWAS qf hO GpSAV PnY ASo.
13. p OAlOhm qAhA As, Clsl.
14. shlAv ld mv v OvOhv 1818 v
pAWm.
15. shlAv ld Em-GO p YAf p v
1907 v pAWm.
16. Yo Ah v Em-GO OSA (Lv)
1959 AhAv pAV.
17. psASvvn lp Em GO pm EASAf
Ah 1959 AhAv pAV.
18. VjTvn tv Em GO pm Ah
1959 AhAv pAV.
19. YAfvn sO Em GO OSAm OAh
1964 v pAV.
20. shlAv pl mml OSA l (U.P.)v Svl.
21. CA vn mmi Cml LO V l OSA.
22. VdmSp qOqAhn p Yovn
h qv
23. v (pd) p Ctl VAlm A OdO.
24. Alm p mO ng OAlA P pdgAv Ovl.
25. SmV p tv CAf EAYo wdf mO ng OAlA
OvOhv Ovl.
26. OWm p mO ng OAlA OWm v Ovl.
27. YS fO mO ng OAlA As v Ovl.
28. TISCO :
Tata Iron And Steel Company
hh Em GO OS.
29. IISCO :
Indian Iron And Steel Company
sh Em GO OS.
30. SEZ
:
Special Economic Zone
phO DO Afw.

CSpdv p

27

1. l pv J?
Y. l pv :
1. v.
2. pAVl
3. qSO
4. s
5. hy
6. qf p.
2. PnYl pv J?
Y. PnYl pv
1. Em-GO p.
2. Ad p.
3. pd mv p.
4. lh GpOgv p.
3. Cd Dl pv J?
Y. Cd Dl pv
1. CSpdv p.
2. OShA p.
3. Of pOv p.
4. vO p.
5. hm p.

Ad
p

4. qO qAhA CAd Jd?

Y. qO qAhA : LO p sSSn, CmO pv
IOS So Jd Vsfm qAhn
qO qAhA CAd.
5. shlAvn plm qO qAhv?
Y. shlA - plm qO qAhv
sh lAv plmAS D qO qAhv Ov. C
1. S qO qAh.
2. As-pm qO qAh.
3. Clsl-sf qO qAh.
4. l-OAsh-sASy qO qAh.
5. Vd mSp qO qAh.
6. l-fx-CAsv qO qAh.
6. plm mO ng OAlv?
Y. plm mO ng OAlv: 4. C
1. Alm p : P pdA.
2. Sm V p tv CAf EAYo wdf : OvOh.
3. OWm p : OWm.
4. YS fO : As.

qO qAhA

Sm V p tv
CAf EAYo wdf

YS fO
Alm

OWm
p

plm mO
ng OAlv

28

7. pAVl p pm VO pAf qAhv pAvm

phAl. IAlVh?
Y. 1. pAVl p VOp Dlpf GAl.
2. VOm mOm Adm rOO Vw.
3. Dvh VOvn OY hS qhAl.
4. OY hSh pAVl lSsf hSqhAl.
5. CAlv pAVl p pm VO pAf qAhv
pAvm phAl.
8. mOng pO CmOvm phv J?
Y. mOng pO CmOvm phv
1. vhm l qAhA.
2. pAv vm plA.
3. f plv vtAV plA.
4. npgvm, VOS vtAV Ov vsh.

mOng
p

9. As, Clsl pvv mv p Ctl

VAldO CmOv phv?

Y. As, Clsl pvv mv p Ctl
VAldO CmOv phv:
1. fpi vsh:
F qAhA mvSf mvvm OwSGAl. CAlvm FqAhAv
f pi sS vtml.
2. g Ov Ctl:
F qAhAv Ctl VAlm g Ov Ov.
3. Mfv Ctl:
vm ISi, lSi VOfnO, As, OAf
Mfv CmOvAS m.

4. CmOvm hgA:
mv qSv hSqOAf ffS fnO hh Ofm
hgA EOf Ovl.
5. Cm lh vtAVd:
lSvn lh OAlv mAf pvO Cm lh

vtml.
6. pdsf Od:

EOf sAOv pdsfn Om.

7. mpgASv Ov vsh:

F qAhAv VOm, mpgA Sv, mpgA vn Ov vtm.

8. d lqA:
ISi, lShvO Mf OA, qh lvv hm
dv EVd pO CmOvAS ml.

29

11.
1. sfSZ vpdv llA 1.69 /169 Ad d.
2. ld v A (34 Ovd) mlAv 1853 v
fv OvAv As mAf km O sfAl.
3. h DS v Afv plm OAlA OvOh.
4. lg v AfvA plm OAlA Vm.
5. lg - l v Afv plm OAlA OAlsl.
6. p v Afv plm OAlA As.
7. Gh v Afv plm OAlA mfx.
8. Fm v Afv plm OAlA SP p.
9. Fm l v Afv plm OAlA wS (CA)
10. v v vn v Tv, OA.
11. sh vv Alm y 1. llOg, 2. SY f.
12. shlAv qfm Yj l 7 mAs. (2325 O. .)
13. l lv Ctl A 1960 A.v pAV.
14. mlAv f IO vl l v Alh IOS
Sv A .
15. ppAVAv Ihm f shv Vv pl vn mw mAf
Y O vn v O Ovl.
16. lg shlAv sOAS Ovm Yvg AS
GpS.
17. sOASA Ov DAl pl - hymf v l GAl.
18. mO Yvv vSm Oy Av Gm.
19. l mvm mfp A EAfm I vm.
20. CAhj mvm mfp A I EAf wdf.
21. ppAVAv IO hqv Ovv shlv Ov.
22. d Vmv shlA vn D plm d qwdm mSvm
OvpfnO GlAWml.
23. Yln Vmv mfxn Cn Ylmvh OvpfnO
GlAWml.
24. Sm Vmv nO Ghv sdf OO p pd.
25. tZm Vmv pmOf m q Ghv OOppd.
26. GpS Vmv nv sdf SAhA VfnO
GlAWml.
27. IvOnO v/ F- v DlnO V OA.
28. 1994 dxOnOm lmA pd pdsfn piqlAWAl.
29. IAAI :
International Airport Authority of India
sh CAhj mv Ctl A.
30 TRAI : Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
sh dwOA Svd A.
31. PIN CODE:Postal index number code

qv EAfO mAs Of.
pv Ysv
1. l g lmvm pm?
Y. g lmv:
g lmv mvS Ov. C.
1. f v.
2. v v.
3. Yv v.
4. v.

s O A S
O v

16 April 1853

(Original Photo)

30

Narrow gauge

Meter gauge

2. sh vv IlAdm y J?
Y. sh vv IlAdm y
sh vv IlAdm y plmAS Af. C
1. llOg.
2. SY f.
3. v v ngnO CmOv CAv J?
Y. v v ngnO CmOv CAv
1. hv vOi.
2. ClO YmAlh.
3. gY OAlv.
4. , PnY, qO Ghi OAlv.
4. l p lmvm pm?
Y. p lmv
1. hqv.
2. dwSp.
3. dwrm.

4. v.
5. rO.
6. F-v.
7. EAdd lvm Pm p lmv.
5. shlAvn CAhj mv J?
Y. shlAvn CAhj mv
shlAvn CAhj mv plmAS D.
1. As.

2. OvOh
3. fx.
4. Vm
5. imAh pA
6. lsl
6. f g v OvS pYmv? vl vvh qw
f g IAlv Sml?
Y)
f g v OvS pYmv:
1. ng vsA :
f g ng v v ng Om vsA.
2. pdsf hO:
f ng P hO.
3. v lvO CmOvA:
f g v l pgvO CmOvA.
4. v qAhA gO CmOvA:
v qAhv mAf g VdO f g
CmOvml.
5. OAf qAhvmAl ClO qlmh:
Ihm ph qAhvv f l h g VSvA.
6. hS Vfq plv gO CmOvA:
hS Vfq Ovm Adm dO hwAVfnO
f v IAh GpSpfh.
7. psh, pd sSA:
v v l OO fm psh, pd Av
qdqdS nAVV.
8. Gql COv IO:
f g ngA mAl, ng Al Gql
COv IO.
9. gv SA:
Ov gO Vv SASm, CmOvASm AdAl.
10. EAd mAf qvvO, qvv mAf EAdO Ghhv
hwAVfnO CmOvAS AdAl.
11. d l vOvmn pdgvm, Svm, rOvm OvpV.

shlAvn CAhj
mv

31

7. g plmv LO l amfv Cn IAlV

pvsfhm?
g plmv - l amfv
1. g v lAv AiO Oh lAVsfm.
2. ATO, DOtl lh.
3. l qAhv pYv l OA pAqAlm.
4. D lmv, Eh vm Ghi OAlvmAf pApg
VAlO llA V.
5. PnYv, pv CtlO g hffhAl.
6. l l gYn pAqAlAl.
7. mSv, pdgv DnO, pSlvO O.
8. lmAlm OqOvm SAVfnO hffh.
9. pOi phvv g lmv hpn.
10. l mSfO AW g lmv hpn.
11. Om g plmv LO l amfv Cn
pvsfhm.

( )

( )

- ( )

- (VT)
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-

N.H.1

.
1 . .
2 . .
3 . .
4 . .
5 . .
6 . .
7 . .
8 . .
9 . .

N.H.1

N.H.9

N.H.4

32

KS

12.

1. ml lsl OAlslv l p GAl.
2. lg shlAv ChAh pl VAlm hvA ipi.
3. mfx m ml Lfm GAl.
4. mSO mSA fx.
5. mSO pdgA .
6. vv svO AS pl VAlm mSA mS.
7. mAv "EOd" Sv mSA lsl.
8. ipi pghA Vv OAfvv GAl.
9. Ym Avn Dz phvp Ad Csp lv Ym
lvv Ov.
10. Vv pl Yln.
11. hymfv ovS phvvn Hdn GlOAfvA
Cn Of CAd.
12. g SAS ml Lfm Ovl.
13. Cs OAfvv Ihm PA SP.
14. ISRO :
Indian Space Research Organisation
sh CAh plm A.
pv Ysv
1. shlAvn lo plv J?
Y. shlAvn lo plv
1. lsl
6. mS
2. ipi
7. g
3. sASy
8. Ad Cs
4. fx
9.
5. Hd
2. lsl O VhO qPhm hvAf?
Y.
lsl O VhO qPh
1. DAl pl Yln lsl.
2. VhO qPh Sv mSv lsl LOd.
3. lsl pP l, AiO OAlA.
4. SvAf Odm Ohs v nAV.
5. m, lv, sAhv CmOA Ov.
6. v YAS ZA, dAO sAf, t Al Ad
lo plv Ov.
7. CAu smA, a pv d Ov.
8. lg l v plm OvA Of Ovl.
9. lsl, OAlslv l ml pml.
10. CAhj mA Asl v Ovl.
11. Gn lvA Ovl.
12. BHEL, HMT Ad CmO pv Of Ov.
3. mS Y Alv?
Y.
mS Y Alv
1. mS Y - O Yln.
2. El avA ml Lfm GAl.
3. EVd CAlm O v Ovl.
4. vAhm Odv Ov.
5. CAlm ml Sd.
6. Alm phv.
7. DOgm lv.
8. phgO, dASO COvm.
9. mSm ppAVAvn vvv svO AS pAd.
10. Whm S lv Ov.
11. EVd CAlm Ovv Ov.
12. lv , rdAS Sm, Tv Smv phO DOgv.

lo plv

SP

CAlm O v

33

13.

1. shlA j qAhAv 12 plm, 139 Wm Mfv Ov.
hm 6, pm 6 Ov.
2. h jAvn Mfv OvOh, w, qlp,
P pdgA, Vm, ddOm.
3. p jAvn Mfv OWm, ASy, S,
As, m, OAf.
4. Y mOv p jAv IO.
5. mlAv pl Mf As.
6. sh l gYAv mv (1/4) Ah

qA nAV Mf As.
7. OAOg jAvn Mf As.
8. Af pl Mf Vm.
9. Vm m nAWm AhA 1859
10. Oi Mf Vm.
11. hjAv Cipl Mf Vm
12. OAfv jAvn Mf PpdgA.
13. fwm m OAfv v g qAl Mf
PpdgA.
14. ml Dl Mf OvOh. OvOh Mf
Smlp Ovl.
15. Sm V OvOhvn mO ng OAlA.
16. qO p gY lv Sv Mf OWm.
17. vs jAvn plm Mf OWm.
18. Om Dp Ct Cn J Mfm pv OWm.
19. L Av qlp Mf Ovl.
20. plm Mfvm OAl pshA Y q d O
l nAl.
pv - Ysv
1. mOnO, MfO Sv sl?
Y. mOA
1. mOv DSfnO h v Sv lnn mOA CAd.
2. ISi, lSi OvO EVd v GAfl.
3. j XwO, ml P lA vl ssSA vnO VVOn
Wm lAv mOA Jfm.
Mf
1. ssSA mAf ln Owp P ln Mf CAd.
2. lnv ISi, lShvO v GAdAl.

2. OvOh Mf IlAdm v?
Y. OvOh Mf IlAdm v
1. OvOh Mf ml Dl Mf.
2. pfO IO.
3. v vh hOS GAdAl.
4. mOv VS iS vAfl.
3. As Mf lAv Ci pl Mf OfnO
J J CAv hffhm?
As Ci pl Mf OfnO hffm CAv
1. As Mf pfd jAv lv Ovl .

2. As Mf vhml.
3. El Y Mf .
4. EVd g Ctl VAl GAl.
5. pv Of Ov.
6. IShv, lShvO CmOvml.
7. lAvn Cn qAhvh g Ovm.
8. Ahm mvv v pAdv sS pAfh.
9. Kq, Gh COvO lSS Ovl.
10. CAlv As Mf lAv Ci pl Mf Cml.

mOA

34

14.

1. mlA IOS lSi VOAdm pdwA.
2. m l IShvv Pm Ghlh v
l (75.5%)
3. Dv IOS IShv YShm P lv
AOAS, ASp, kvAf.
4. Ghhv lShv pgA hO.
5. LOlA ppAV lvh IShv, lShv Ypf
CAhj qA.
6. LO l ISi, lShvm l gYA CAd.
7. sj vm lSi VOAdm lvv Af mAv
Gm lA Yqm.
8. Dv sj vm lSi VOAdm lvv
ld mAv Gm lA Yqm.
9. sj vm IOS lSi VOm lA USA (CO).
10. l qAv IShv, lShv Af Ad.
11. hA lShv vv pdwA v 24.7 hA
12. OPEC: Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries
pdwA ISi V lv P.
pv - Ysv
1. CAhj qA CAd Jd?
Y. CAhj qA : LOlA ppAV lvh IShv,
lShv Ypf CAhj qA.
2. l gY z CAd Jd?
Y. l gY z
IShv Svm, lShv DAsn hwpl l gY z.
3. shl IShv J?
Y. shl IShv
1. Em.
2. pi.
3. qSO.
4. hv.
5. Dsgv.
6. ff lv.
7. Nlv.
8. hy.
4. shl lShv J?
Y. shl lShv
1. pdwA.
2. Ahv.
3. Iv.
4. OShA.
5. D Ghhv.

ASp

Organisation of Petroleum
Exporting Countries

CAhj qA

pi

CAhj qA

5. l gYA CAd Jd? Cl IAlO hpn?

l gYA - hpn
1. LO lA Eh lvh V IShv, lShvm
l gYACAd.
2. lnm CAhj qA Cn CAd.
3. J lA Cm Ghiv A l OwS GAfl.
4. Y mv vsh S GAdAl.
5. qO Ghhv LO lAS GAf.
6. Sv Ghhvm ISi Vw.
7. CS vm lSi VOw.
8. Om pi lnO l gYA hpn.

35

28

Germany

Alsace
and
Lorene

France
1813

VII

-3

1.

1. ld mqwm 1769, DS 15 hlm OO l vn

CYv YnAVm.
2. mqwm-1 m pshA Vm hhh .
3. m Pm Jd Vml mqwm-1.
4. EASAfm pAS MfAVfnO mqwm-1
PAfh m p pdm.
5. xp ZS ln sdv Dp mm (1813)S pm.
6. xpZS lAv Md hh mqwmm Iv lO pAq.
7. d l YSm AhA 1815.
OO -CY
8. mqwm DPS Mfm lA d.
9. D Yln m.
10. m s YSm AhA 1815. lnO Oom d nV.
11. t p O 1862v plm Ai Cmf.
12. t lmA Om svpSA - Blood and iron policy.
13. OAd O hm Ctqvm Ad piO
l vfAVf. El LO YO piO.
14. O lnO Dlf.
mqwm- 1

15. Vh CAd qdnO VAlm O hp

Location of
Ol" Cml O
St. Helena in
Atlantic
16. l Opdv, On np SAkv Vh O .
ocean
17. pk EAdmv (1864)m Jd Vm pl vAfm.
18. lj EAdmv (1889)m Jd Vm pl vAfm.
19. hj EAdmv (1919)m Jd Vm pl .
20. pAV p YSm AhA 1789.

21. pl V OvAv qmv 1830 pA VvSAl.
22. pl V plm Ai qwS. pm f.
23. k Agv qO VAlm YO mOf.
24. v pwp hmm hm pYv YS pOdAVOmf.
25. 1848 pAV p v pwp OvAv YSAl.
26. v pwpO AiS GAf Coi l pshn
mfpml SYd.
27. rAO-pm lA rAO p Alh Sml.
28. KO Yo ld VO wA 1.
29. AS Edx pOf Yp Zo.
O piO Ad
30. Edx Yi ph Cn Zon pv.
31. Ssw DlmAvn mmnO Sv p f .
32. KO EdxO ld VOp O Emv 2
33. pn O hn piqlAWml vsAO.
34. Oh mOhAv AS pYv iSsd V.
35. pfO w Yo lf.
36. Esv m lqvOv.
1
37. V Dvs n lY.
d nV
38. q Om Jd Vm AhA 1871.
pv - Ysv
1. PAfAh CmS m?
Y. PAfAh
1. EASAfm p lAv MfAVfnO mqwm-1 p pdm .
El mqwm-1 phmnO OgAl.
2. p mAl mqwm DlphA Gm Yv Mfv vnO td mOv
O qOvm nlAVvn svAhA Vf. lnm PAfAh CAd.
2. sdv Dp mm'' CmSm?
Y. sdv Dp mm
1. ld mqwmO, mv Odvn h YvO 1813 COsv
f Yv qd xpZSv YSm nhO ln
sdv Dp mm Cn CAd.
2. F lAv mqwm MfApsf Iv lO pApsfmf.

37

3. m A lO hv J ?
Y. 1815 v d lAv mqwm Md CmAhA D
Yln mv Kq pmOgO LO A YSml.
lnm m A Cn CAd.
m lO hv
1. Ai pmlg - mslh.
2. ClO hvA.
3. l mpA.
m A
4. smv - v
4. Om CmSm?
Y. Om
1. Edxv mpv mAl sS Sn OOvV qAsm
p ATm Om CAd.
2. l nAhg mAf Edxn O Vf Om plm vA.
5. f '' CmS m?
Y. f
1. Edx JOOg OA SsxV JVsfm nO lyn
f '' CAd.

2. 1860v 1000 Al nOvh x mAl Ssx lnn pAVm.

3. Edx JOOg f lO Ehf OOf.
4. f x, mpvm lmA VOn KO Edxv xmA V.
6. Edx JOOgvn lvm AVAf. /
n mOhAv Edx JOOg Iv YSAl?
1. Edx 19 hsA O CmO YO ndS GAfl.
2. mqwm Agv v Yj smvm qAlm
Edx pYv Dvm m s VAl.
3. Edx JOOgO Ssx, Zn, O, O Imv 2
O Vm

4. Edx JOOgv Kl lv Ov.

5. ld l : O f mqwm Ah
Dm MfAW vAsn DOAVf.
6. Af l
: q, fm, dovv pYtq Og
l lmA VOmf.
7. f l : Ssw x, mpvvm lmA VOn
Edxv Owqf.
8. mv l
: p DlmAvn om t DOAW
EdxO EVf.

9. Kl l
: WS O Imv 2 m
lmA VOmf.
10. F lAS n mOhAv Edx JOOg YSAl.
7. Yo JOOgv t qhm AVAf.
Y. Yo JOOgv t qh
1. 19 hsA O Yo 360 Yv ymAS GAfl.
2. t Yo JOOg Vvn nAVOmf.
3. tO nAO qvm pd mOA GAfl.
4. 1851v t Yo lAS Pv pAWmf.
2
5. 1862v p pln Cmf.
6. t lmA Om sv pSA.
7. f lvh 6 Ahv OvAv Yo JOOg pVf.
8. fmh lA : D Ah fmm MfAW
v m m Yov KOA Vf.
9. Dh lA : Edx Ah Dm MfAW S,
mvm Yov KOA Vf.
10. rmh lA
: 1870v rAO p lAv rmm MfAVf.
rAOp Alv Dv, vmv pO vtAV.
11. F lAS 1871 mdO Yo JOOg p Cml.

12. KO YoO VOS wA 1 nAVsfmf.

38

8. AS Edx'' CAd Jd?

Y. AS Edx
1. 1830v Yp Zn AS Edx'' Cm p ATn
Jd Vf.
2. 40 Ahvp m OvO h
shA OwAVsfAl.
3. lsO Sv vl Al Ov GhAh F ATAv V.
4. KO Edx O AS Edx '' pnO pYvm
mlvm VAl.

qwS. pm f

pl V

9. l sv WAW pAqAlVdv V Om qh
AWm lv I?
Y. l sv - VOm lv
1. Ov .
2. v sAO.
3. Ad m.
4. s Lm.
10. O SAW . O Vmv J?
Y. O
1. O lnO Dlf.
2. O ppAV Ovm JOA VdO
vAfmv 1864v pk EAdmvm Jd Vf.
3. Ghi lmvv, pApg lmAv O
YmA GAfvn O DAVf.
4. O lpf pwhAS qdA hpln, ZO
pA hh O nAhhA Aln pmf.
O Vmv

1. On np

2. l Opdv
11. pk EAdmv'' CmSm?
Y. pk EAdmv
1. O ppAV Ovm JOA VdO vAfmv
pk EAdmv m Jd Vf.
2. O 1864 v lnn Jd Vf.
3. CmO p lv Ov Ym.
4. ppAVAh l lAhvm pVA Vvn nAV.
5. CVO Ov v pk EAdmv pvml.
pk EAdmv
12. Ag Alv CmSm?
Y. rmv v pwp qvm mVn pYv LO Vd dO
Jd Vsfm Alvm Ag Alv Cn CAd.
13. rmv 1830 iSsdO pl V IAhO slf?
pl Vm slh:
1. pl V 18 v hh rm Amn
ClAVfAh phv lSY.
2. pl V pjO sA Ovf.
3. qh m SdS AVf.
4. piO hAhn lVf.
5. rmO iS Wm Oxmv, psv Dvm pmlAVf.
6. pYvO g OwAV mmv Sm lVf.
7. qAd Cmi vOAf jVO l
qwS. pm f m plmAiS nAVf.
8. qwS. pm f LO CVO l.
9. qAd Ovpin 4 CAv V l hSAVf.
10. rmv CAlv 1830 AhAv iSsd VvSAl.

39

14. I dwS SAW .

I dwS
1. 1863v m qvOv Esv.
2. Esv qvmh pYv S q.
3. wqvm YS DnAV.
4. p Y m AmA ClAVfA
f mqwmO mVvl.
5. m h hSlv YOA VOln
Esv
SmA Vvn ld wAm Of.
6. Ch pY ld wA, f mqwm
OOm iAWmf.
7. F n smv Gm tO I mSA mAf
dwSA l Aln pAqf.
8. t lnn rm, Yo pYv l lA pSv
CmAVf.
15. rmv 1848 iSsd VvSfnO
Ogv ?
Y. rmv 1848 iSsd VvSfnO Ogv
I. v pwp slh:
I
1. rm VO vpwp svmf.
2. pvm Ctl Vvn IS hSi n DlAVf. dwS
3. CAlv YAvn Eh v iOv.
(original)
II. ptOmvv CAhp:
1. rmm SghAh lA Vvml ptOm vA.
2. lnv nAhA YOn hvSAVfnO piAV.
III. Ag q:
1. k Ag q mOf.
2. YlOn phA Vvn fAf Vf.
IV. SYd slh:
1. v pwp pln SYd.
2. Ehf Coi v l pshn mfqf.
V. OOATv :
1. O A Vvm Cv VfAv v pwp pvf.
2. OOvO lA Cmf.
VI. l q:
1. psh lmv mVn l qn pAV.
2. pn OwAVn, pdsflvm hvSAVn O.
VII.hg OgA:
1. CAhpO vmm Ag Alv nAV.
2. Ag Alv VfSdfnO pshA mn pApAl.
3. mA Ovv YpAl.
4. lfv gAWm hlvm HSApS jOy.
5. mA Of pOvh Vhv OwpAl.
6. lAh 1848 iSsd VvSAl.
16. q Om SAW .
Y.
q Om
1. v pwp hh rmv ptO Jfml.
2. f mqwm 1852v VOS pOdAVOmf. Communist
International
3. f mqwm lAS lmAv pvmf.
4. pAW DO lsiAl.
5. nlSA pSAl.
6. rm pYv lA p DOhvm.
7. 1871 v q Om Jfml.
8. q Om 1871 vm CAhA Cml.

wqv

v pwp

SYd

40

2.

1. pdsf l lmAvn Chmh lm YlA CAd.

2. YlA pdsf l lmnO Chmh l Cml vnm .
3. YlnO Pm OgA qO pA.
4. vv Jdv CSS lA EASAf.
5. XOd PAfAS pvsfAl DpO.
6. DpOm CmAWml wAS m.

7. 1840 v DpOm CmAWm ld O wAS m.

8. OASm DAWm Om.
9. OAS sfn tl AWml wqv 2.
10. lgpOv pfm fW n s CAd.
11. EAfmp hl nAhg lAWm l
fV/vAf/mlAf.
12. EAfmm v YAS VOm fW.
Egypt
13. swA Y Af wqv.
14. Ctn ph p Ekp.
15. lg f ph p ZAss.
16. Gh f ph p YAt.
17. Ev q Y Ov dvm EASAfO Cm.
18. shlnO ldS Wm pmv qS .
19. Cqf CmS lgpOv DASv CmAWm Yi
wlmA vl Yi h.
20. mOsfm pYvO mSOh mfn h Yi slh CAd.
21. Nd vAf O mOf v f
22. q lA YSm AhA 1757.
23. sO lA YSm AhA 1764.
24. mvAl lA EASAf, Vm lvO l YSAl.
25. ld mvAl lA YSm AhA 1839-42.
26. Af mvAl lA YSm AhA 1857-58.
27. dmvv pfm DASvm Nd vAf Cn CAd.
28. dmvm td YAWm AhA 1879.
29. Vmp Yqm lf Vm AhA 1894-95.
pv- Ysv
1. Y lA CmSm?
Y. Y lA
1. vY gv Jfm hhn YlA'' CAd.
2. p lvO f plv, d C.
3. ppAV lv vv pAVlwV.
4. CAlv p lv vv pmv hhn pAVOm.

vnm

wAS m

wqv 2

Ev q
2. pmvm DOAWm EAfm mv J?
1. Y, h, sw, v, OwAhm lpl EAfm.
2. Apmm qAhvv EAfm LOd.
3. SAl lv OA pmvm DOAWAl.
pmvm DOAWm EAfm mv:
1. pAVl.
2. Op
3. s
4. p ps
5. qwm mm
6. V

7. hSA
8. sOd.

v f

41

3. Yl qv, plhv Jd?

Y. Yl qv :
Y l qv plmAS f. C
I. DO lpf
: svAhAS p lv D,
DpO lvm DOAVOfA EvAdl.
II. Dl lg
: v Yv mOsf Gmn,
mSOh mfA OA Cn hvpfA.
III. AiO DlOh : AiOAS Ctl VAlm h
mSOhm v Yvv p pdfA.
Yl plhv :
1. Ai hAS Yn ApVfA.
2. nO O l Yn ApVfA.
3. DO pAS, vAVv EfA l Yn ApVfA.
4. LpAlv, Alv l Yn ApVfA.
5. lh lmv l Yn ApVfA.
4. vv JdO/YlA hvhdnO Sv Ogv?
YlA:
v Y gv Jfm hhn YlA CAd.
YlA hvhfnO Sv Ogv :
I. f plv Cmg :
pvn pvO fplv C.
C D, DpOvv vtAV. CAlv v Yv OO
YlA hviAl.
II. d OA Cmg :
p lvv ClO Ghi V.
Sv Ghi COA OA d C.
III. YO Ogv:
p lvO mO v, EAlmA O qAhv
C. v Yv nO vS GpSpf.
IV. YiSA:
Edx, Yov vv vh Yi SA pShAln sAV.
V. Yms pSlv:
Yms pS pYv GlSv OA p mAf v y.
VI. O h p:
O hn ppAV pA Vvm OO Of OgAl.
VII. pdsfv:
Kqvn pdsflv vsv OA vv C.
5. h Yi slh CmSm?
Y. 1. mOsfm D, DpO pYvO mSOh mfA h
Yjv slh Cn p lv sAV.
2. Y l Yv h vv lpf lmn Op
pVOfnO h Yi slh Cm Om pVA VOm.
6. mvAl ln S AVAf?
Y. mvAl lA
1. 18 hsAv shlAv mvAl sS pAfl.
2. td mvAlm VmO lAShmAS g V C.
3. pYSA l mvAl lSin Vm nlWAl.
4. 1837v Vm COAS g Chm mvAlm mmA VAl.
5. ln pwhAS 1839-42, 1857-58vv Vm, EASAfv l
lv YS.
6. Af mvAl lAv Vm Mf qAl.
7. Vm hpnS EASAfh dAdm Al VOAl.
8. F Al pOA Vm mvAl On SAVv WAl.

Dl lg

nO O l Yn
ApYOfA.

mvAl

mvAl lA

42

3.

1. Kqv ClO hvn m lv Edx, Yo.

2. svm Ylpi d vm.
3. lAl Odvn lv C AS.
4. hqO Alvn lv D, AS, Edx.
5. hqO Odvn lv EASAf, , rm.
6. ld ppAV lnO plm OOf OY wA 2.
7. ld ppAV l Av Yo VO OY wA 2.
8. D YO f pmAf.
9. ld ppAV lnO hg OgA D
Of pmAf, Chn s pv h.
10. ld ppAV lOvA 1914 DS mAf 1918 mAs O.
11. ld ppAV lAv DvAS Vm lA CO (USA).
12. ld ppAV lA mAf AVOm lA .
13. ld ppAV l OvAv CO Clf Gfvm.
14. ld ppAV lmAhA YSm Al v Al.
15. v Al Ym 28, 1919 A.v YSAl.
16. v Al h YvO, Yo O l YSAl.
17. mmYi in pAWm Ah 1920.
18. mmYi i pw Gfvm.
19. mmYi i plm OvA Sv mSA
dAf vn Yo.
20. v l ngO O Vml mmYi i.
21. VOn Y CAd.
22. 1894v lAlv Y CvSAf 3 m hV.
23. Amn lwpdm Yvv W Y nOv 2.
24. m pqwAWm W Y VO nOv 2.
25. qAdm f CAd.
26. Om hhm, S plm pA OA
ln OmSAln pVA Vf.
27. Om nO qn pAVm.
28. vnm swO qn pAVm.
29. vnm p p l EwV Gwm.
30. v fOdO q piO E O.
31. vnm E O Cm piOO AqlOhA AVm.
- 3
32. m DloOAVfnO piAWml pd l Sd.
33. Vhv OOm DlA 1905 Ym 9.
34. pdm m Cl m Cn CAd.
35. v pgzOvm qAtAWml wm.
36. Yqm Viv Mfqm AhA 1905.
37. v swO pA YSm AhA 1917. CAlv
ld ppAV lAmAf AVOAl.
38. USSR CmS Union of Socialist Soviet Republic
nm Dp w d ptO.
39. Om Dp p Cn d lnO p Ovl.
40. CAVn YA EASAf.
41. 1931v Yqm AV p lf Vml.
42. Al dO h YvO l YSAl.

OY wA 2

pmAf

Gfvm

2 ()

2
()

43

1.svm CmSm?
1. S Vd Gm qAhvm svm lpOvA CAd.
2. EAlv s, , n, Dvn AdoS v Ov.
3. svm Yv d vm DlmAv GAf.
4. A Y DlmAv GAfdA OvO mVvl.
5. Ov iSsd vm lv qvm C ml.
6. OAhm p Yv svm qAhAp ClpmO
piAV.
7. CQv GlA l svmv Gl OvO
OAWAl.
8. WO Yv YSm pmAf h ld ppAV
lnO ljAl.

3. ld ppAV lnO hg Og J?
Y. ld ppAV lnO hg Og
1. D Of pmAf. pmAf jg p.
2. s Yln v LO sm n
1914 Ym 28m h Vf.
3. F hO OgA m Cn p
D lA pOdAVm.
4. F lAS ld ppAV lA qAsAl.

pmAf

2. lOg ph Yj lA CmSm? ld ppAV

lnO Cl IAh O OgA?
Y. 1. Yo, Edxv JOOgv v p mAl ClO
hqO Al - hqO Od
hvA lsiAl.
2. Yov YhAOA pS, EASAfh AsAlv Vfq.
3. Af lv ppAVAp DlphA mvOvvn V.
4. F Af lv l Dl qd JfAl.
5. Yo mOlyn pAVOfA EASAfm CAiO SVAl.
6. lOg ph Yj lA v svm v Ovv qAhv
Jf.
7. Ym VO Af OY wA ppAVlphA OA Vm pOdm
p lvO DAlym OwSAWAl.
8. Cv, vm qAhvm Ovm rm pjOA jOfA OA
Il VAl.
9. DlAS p hA ld ppAV lnO Al npv
OApdv GAl.

4. ld ppAV l pwhv?
Y) ld ppAV l pwhv:
1. lnO OOfm Ym VO OY wA-2
vAf O qqf.
2. Yov ptOm Jd V.
3. vAf, fm, swA, AS hAh lvS ChAV.
4. v pnO qv Ai Jd Vm.
5. F Av Yh Yv m.
6. m Vhv Onn ISn DmA YSAl. qgmA YSAl.
7. Od Al gAV.
8. LO Od 50 vv Al Sv qvm. 60 vv Al Omsfvl.
9. DO mv P Cm.
10. ppAV qA lsiml.
11. l ngO mmYi in Jd V.

44

5. ld ppAV lnO Sv Ogv?

Y)
ld ppAV lnO Sv Ogv:
I. lOg pO Yj sA:
Yo O Yjh sA Yi CAOAS Al.
El p vn Af Odv l n pAWAl.
II. YlA:
v Y gv Jfm hhn YlA CAd.
F YlA Of ld ppAV lnO OgAl.
III. Odv-LpAlv:
p v p lsv Sv Af vAf. C:
1. hqO LfAsfO.
2. iY Al.
IV. nOlA:
rm, Yov h nO svn pAVOm.
tdm h mAS mOlyn Yo nAWAl.
V. DO Ogv:
Yo 20A.vv Ctl lAWAl. El tdmO mVvl.
l d Av Yo , rm lvO hSl JfAl.
VI. pAW pjOV:
1870 A.v rAO-p lA vm hm qSdOm
qAhvm iS qAldnO rm lAS Al.
VII. svm YOv:
S Vd Gm qAhvm svm lpOvA CAd.
EAlv s, , n, Dvnv Ov.
svm d vm DlmAv GAfl.
A Y DlmAv GAfdA OvO mVvl.
VIII. piOv lVA:
p vn piOvo Chvm pVAW ld
ppAV lnO Ogm.
IX. Yo slh :
ppAV OS Yo ChAln OY wA2 pOdAVf.
X. hg OgA :
D Of pmAf. Chn jg p.
n v LO sm h Vm.
D F hO OgA m Cn lA pOdAVm.

nOlA

(Original Photos)

45

v Aln hwp phA

v Al

6. v Al hv Jd?
Y. ld ppAV lA hh YoO
SwWm lvO l 1919 v v Al YSAl.
v Al hv
I. qlO Jd.
1. Yo O Cv-vm qAhvm rmO CpSAWAl.
2. sS Smvm rmO 15 Ahv EW.
3. Sm fmO EWAl.
4. fAZAS Mfm mmYi i DlmAv GAWAl.
II. nOpm nsAlmv.
1. Yo nOsvA vO hSAVsfAl.
2. YoO YvAhv GAfl.
3. Yo nAl nO pli l VsfAl.
III. DOpm nsAlmv.
1. Yo mpAS 660 Od qAf 30 lvv VwAVw.
2. 15 Ahv qd sS Smvm lvOv WAl.
3. Al hv Cv VAh O hYv mv
Yo vn mv If Sdm DOAVOm.
7. vnm SAW .
Y. vnm
1. vnm p p l EwV Gwm.
2. vnmO svA mAf p sv GAf.
3. vnm EO Cm piOO AqlOhA AVf.
4. vnm swO qn pAWmf.
5. 1917v mAl swO pnO mOhA AWmf.

vnm

8. 1905 pnO Sv Ogv?

1905 pnO Sv Ogv:
I. Coim pshA:
Y, Pi Vy Vhv pfqf. h OOvm
jOdnO Y Vh CO pmw VAV.
II. YAv CAhp:
Oxmv, phv phOm ClOv VvAV.
CAlv pYv DSnO vm.
III. Y Ev:
Y O snvm m nOv pYv pd nS pAV.
CAlv m mA pYv DSnO SAl.
IV. pdm psA:
pdm LO Cl m. gO Chf lOff.
l nOv 2 Vh Om pmv VAV.
V. nOv 2 qvm hA:
Af nOv nAO qvm h hm ln pOdAW
Agvm DAWm pYv Dvm Vf.
VI. YO qv Gf vA:
Y qvmm CAhAlAf v YO qvnd vA.
VII. psh s :
nOv 2 v Cn YhvO m sm hpn Vf.
pYv nh ahAv m Ain CvAtAVvn svAh pdf.
VIII. Yqm Viv Md:
Wm lm Yqm Viv 1905 v MfqAl.
pYv lnn CmAS sAV.
CAlv 1905v v pA qAsAl.

pdm

Om

46
9th January,1905

4.

1. ppAV pAS "DOAlA" Jfm AhA 1929.

2. r qn pAWml wn.
3. rv nr mvVOv.
4. wn nAWm piO Ev qqv f Edw.
5. Ym qAdvn lS sm V S CAd.
"DOAlA"
6. maq pOf d.
7. m hhh slmv v d DOhff.
8. m OAp' SAk Vh d.
9. ma qO lA Adl m OAp.
10. C Yv Yo, Edx, Yqm.
11. 1939v d qvAfp lf VdAh Af ppAV
lA qAsAl.
maq WA O
12. vAf xY tv l CO EASAfO Cn lv
A VfnO CASOAWAl.
13. Mpm f qvn CO piqlAVm.
14. CO Mf pv p Yqm lf VAl.
15. CdAdO V pOA hYv hpm CO
lAv VAl.
vdm
16. lgpOvn Yi hm Cqf Cn CAd.
CO
17. mi DpO ph p mt.
18. Gh f php YAt.
19. lg f php ZAss.
20. s Ss ZAss lnO 1980v ld Clv Cmf.
21. sZv qSv lnO v YAS GAfl.
22. fm pf sZv lnO hAhA lAVm.
23. CQv DlAm Yqm lA piqlAVm.
24. OASdAS qn pAWml m d m .
25. V-Im-v Vm lf.
26. EAfm Yjl mOf O.
rYA q WA Ofv Od
27. m sx vdm CO (nYv, OvAt)
hAhO O Vm.
28. rl fv, rl x OO hAhnO
O V.
29. r Ov q dn DloOAVm.
30. dm lAhA l A qAlm lv S, d.
31. v pgzOvm qAtAWml wm.
32. 16hsAv vdm COvn ptOv AP 26.
m d m
33. EAfm 1950 AhAv KOY iv VAl.


1. rYA CmplA JplA mAf pdAl? rYA CA Jd?
Y. rYA - C g
1. rYA CmplA r Cm m plA mAf pdAl.
2. r CAd Ofv Od Cn CA.
3. KOhAh pn Vvn ln CA.
2. rY'' lAhvm Af ?
Y. rY lAhv
1. rY pYn iOAWAl.
2. ln iOAWAl.
3. lpYmvO qlmh EWAl.
4. OOv m nlAWAl.
5. ClOA nAh Vhv GAVvml.

6. lnO LO q GAfvml rY lAhA.
7. rv h Yin ppAVAvm Gh Yi Cn m.
8. O Ai pd Avl.
9. vO pA IvS lnO lA CvS Cn pm.

Dag Hammarskjold

47
F.D.

3. mmYi i Yv, pvv SAW .

Y. mmYi i
1. mmYi in 1920v pAWm.
2. mmYi i pmO O Vm Gfvm.
3. mmYi i OvA Yov GAfl.
4. mmYi i ppAV Ai, CAhj OA,
nlOg OO pAVsfAl.
mmYi i Yv

1. slv l Wm Wm lvm pAV SwSAl.

2. fm, pmvAfv l Sv CvAf l ln pAWAl.

3. EO p d, tdmv l ln pAV SwSAl.
4. S, dv l l ln pAV SwSAl.
ZO pm O:
1. mvAl lAS gm COdSwSAl.
2. snhnO, dVOO iOAS qdn SAWAl.
3. v, pvv CO gm COd SwSAl.
4. pYv am pg n pAVfnO O VAl.
mmYi i ppvv
1. wkn v DOgm DpvOqAl.
2. nlOgv YA lAVvO qAl.
3. lvm, lOgvm DpvO qAl.
-1920
4. 1931v Yqm AVp lAfimpf J VvO qAl.
5. wo Ctn, d qvAf lAfhvm DpvOqAl.
4. n CAhlA SAW .
Y. n CAhlA
1. mv 1931v Jfm pshA OnYA p
DOhml.
2. lnn rAO pS iOAWmf.
3. rAOO d, wov A V.
4. OnvO A VAl.
5. F CAhlAv rAO YA lAVf.
6. n CAhlm Af ppAV lnO f
vS pAd.

rl fv

rl x

signs the Lend-Lease bill to give

aid to Britain and China (1941)

Dr.

48

5. Af ppAV lnO Sv Ogv?

Y. Af ppAV lnO Sv Ogv:
I. v Alvn CmOm hv:
1. v Al hv v Yo hm Sh sn, Aplm
OvAl.
2. DOASm, nOASm Yo svm pfAl.
II. lOg pOm Yjlv:
1. v Al lAWm hv lOg pOm
Yj ln OiAV.
2. wn, d, wm, ppAVlphA OA piAV.
III. lAhpm slv:
1. pY, nAhh On lv l
lAhpm slv Ov.
IV. pShm YlA :
h Yi Sn pAVOdnO ma Yo. r Edx,
Yqmv Yl gO pmOm.
V. nO mv:
1. v AlhvO pjOA jOdnO Yo
nAl nO gm p pdAl.
2. hm OqfOdnO pi lA hm mn pAVOm.
VI. mmYi i pvA :
1. mmYi i l lv lOgvm COdvOqAl.
2. Dl qdn nAVOqAl.
VII. lnO hg OgA :
1. Yon AfS Xv qw Ofm hvSAVvm d Of.
2. d OOm qvAf iAWAl.
3. CAlv 1939 pAs 1 hl d qvAfp lf Vf.
4. El Af ppAV lnO hg OgA.
5. F lAS Af ppAV lA qAsAl.
6. Af ppAV lAvO CO pAVdnO Sv Ogv?
Y. Af ppAV lAvO CO pAVfnO Sv Ogv
1. d lOgv ppAVnO plOA Cn CO sAWAl.
2 Yqm mAf pln CO Ilv WAl.
3. CO mO m pv p Yqm sAsv Al.
4. CAlv CO Af ppAVlAvO pAWAl.
7. Af ppAV lnO AsAlAWm YO, DO
pgvd?
Y. YO pgv:1. ppAVAv EASAf mOhnO hpfAl.
2. CO, v CSlvS qAlm.
3. Dp p DlphA hvSqAl.
4. pAW, qS, fW h vvm Ovm.
DO pgv:1. nh v Oh Jfml.
2. Cqm qg mA, D mA YSAl.
3. EASAf llp 2000 Od mqAl.
4. hm YjlAv 1/4 Ah mqAl.

- 1945

49

- 1945

8. lgpOv Yi hm SAW /
Cqf CmSm ?
Y. lgpOv Yi h
1. lgpOv h Yi CmAWm Yi hm
Cqf CAd. mvYi n hOS V.
2. lO qAh Vd pOA lgpOv pYvm
f vS sZAWm.
3. mvO, hv O Md wv S
,
hV.
4. 1960v Vsfm q v VdA vm pi DpOm EAd

mAf sdO Vdpf SAp O Ad GAfw.
5. Yi hO iPAS mvm Afv qfm.
6. 1994v mvm Afv lgpO Clfmf.
9. SWAPO (q) CmSm ?
Y. SWAPO CmS:
South West African Peoples Organisation
h DpOm ppv DmYm.
2. El mi DpO hAhA OA qfm nO .
3. mi DpO mAW lgpO pshn hvSAVdO
lnn Jd V.
4. KOY i OAh lgpOmAf mi
DpO hAhA qAlAl.
5. phA mi DpOm mt Cn pvm.
10. a pmlg CmSm ?
Y. a pmlg
1. Yqmv sv Smd qvm l V VO
ClOn pmlAVfml.
2. lnm a pmlg CAd.
3. ln hh Yqm Cn ASvvm SAS Ctl VAlAl.
11. r Ov q SAW ?
Y. r Ov q
1. r Ov q dO 1923v Clfmf.
2. dn DloOAVfnO piAWmf.
3. r Ov q d Yiph
(Cdd) S pvsff.
4. Ehm AS d qv Vf.
5. plplin nAW lm qhAVf.
5. Kq AP lmn, lA plin dv
p pdf.

Af ppAV lOvA md
td pln Vv

dn DloOAWm
r Ov q

SWAPO

ppv ptO Dp Vm
pOf -d-dAS

Af ppAVlAv hpv
nO OAf Km

50

5.
1. Af ppAV lOvA md td pln mm Vv.
2. dm lAhA l A qAlm lv S, d.
3. v pgzO LO DO pgzO.
4. p v OnYA pn COdfnO CO qAlAWm
OOA v pgzO.
5. v pgzOO piVS qAtAVsfml v pgzO.
6. sv Al YSm A. 1948.
7. lAS P Ai v.
8. Aln nAWm lA .
9 sAfAS A YSm AhA 1955.
10. Cxm Gl pw Y vv m.
11. Af ppAV lA hh hj OdS Jf lv
Cxm lv.
12. Y Ov dvm EASAfO Cml Ev q.
13. Y Ovm YjA Vm FZp Clf Csv mY.
14. "mfv lmn" p pdm CO Clf Y v.
15. -d-dAS mOhAv ppv ptO Dp Vm
ChAWAl.
16. OAS hAhA qAlm AhA 1960 Ym 30.
17. Af ppAVlAv hpv mnO mOf
Km .
18. O sh, qOm v l Ovl.
19. v dd SO Clf.
20. COm AlAWm ld qvOf nOhO.
21. CdAdO V p AhOA Vm Y v - Vv.
22. pVm lA USA (CO) & USSR ()v l mvOml.
23. CsvO lv O l Jfm qvm .
24. qvm pAS Jfm OhlA EYv.
25. NATO CmS m CdAdO dd DmYm (1949 Jpv 4).
26. NNPT CmS Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
Cg p nlO LpAlA.
27. PLO CmS Palestine Liberation Organisation
qvm wsm DmYm.
28. PLA CmS Peoples Liberation Army - ppv wsm D.
29. NAM CmS Non-Alignment Movement - Cxml.

"mfv lmn" p pdm

CO Clf Yv

OAS

CO

pv Ysv
1. pVm lA CmSm ?
Y. 1. Af ppAV lA hh CO, Y Odv
l lAhpm slv v l hgfAl.
2. F Af Odv l Jfm GlO hgn
pVm lA CAd.

2. NATO m SAW .
Y. 1. NATO CmS m CdAdO dd DmYm.
2. El O iOAS 1949 Jpv 4 hlm JdAl.
3. CO, Omf, rm, Edx, EASAf, S, dv plm sv.
4. l lOgvO iOAS qfvn nAV.
NNPT

51

3. dm lAhAm S ?
1. S, dvv OnYA pn COdfnO qAlAWm pgzO El. dm
2. lnn CO Clf dm piqlAWmf.
3. dm lAhA l nO, DO n S, d
lv qAl.
4. v pgzOm S ?
Y. 1. dm lAhnO qfSAp v pgzO.
2. CO Ol v'' F pgzOm qAlAVf.
3. F pgzOm iOAWAl.
v pgzO vv:
1. pv OnYA'' pn nAVd.
2. pm DOAS pmAVfA.
5. v pgzOvn PAv?
Y. 1. v pgzOm lAS Ai v piqlAVm.
2. , sv, qvAf, n EAlv sv.
3. v pgzOO piVS v pgzOm piqlAVm.
4. F pgzO OnYA pO, On lv slhO GlAVsfml.
6. Cxm lmA CmSm?
1. CO DlphAvn pdsfl Odv So, DlphAvn
l Odv SoVOAf hAh lAS lmn
OwAfd Cxm lmA.
2. El sh lAS lmA.
3. Cxm Gl pvv Y vv m (sh), mY (FZp),
O (EAfm).
4. hj OS DAWm Cxm lv l ngO,
ppAV AiO O Vm.
7. Af ppAV lA hh nO Odv J lAS
Jf AVAf?
Y) Af ppAV lA hh nO Odv Jd:
1. Af ppAV lA hh pdsfl lmnO CO
mOhA AWAl.
2. OnYnO mOhA AWAl.
3. h pv Odn JVOdA qAtAWAl.
4. OnYA pn iOAVdnO CO nO Odn
JWAl.
5. D lAS ppAVAv Af l OdvS Jf.
6. Odn Od Cn CAd.
7. CO JWm Odn md Cn CAd.
8. F Af Odv GlO hgn AV.
9. F GlOh pim pVm lA Cn Of CAd.

1955

NATO CmS m
CdAdO dd
DmYm

v - v
pgzO pO

lAS P
Ai v

Cxm Gl pw
Y vv m

Y Ovm YjA Vm
FZp Clf Csv mY

O EAfm
Yjl mOf

52

8. qvm CmSm?
1. tdm DlmAv Sv qvmv lv, Csv GAf.
2. lvO, CsvO l hhA GAfl.
3. qvm m tdm UNO AlAWAl.
4. UNO qvmm l, Cs qAhvS sZAVvn r VAl.
5. UNO lvO phO EYv Yn JWAl.
6. pwhAS Cs xS EYv p ln pOdAWAl.
7. Cm EpdO FAf lv l Tgv YShm Gm.

qvAf
sv

9. O CmSm?
1. shlnO 1947v hAhA vtAWAl.
2. 1947vm sh, qOmv h qiplOp fq.
3. Y Om shlAv Ovqvn O Y O.
4. Oo O qOmv sSn qOm ln AWAl.
5. F v 1948, 1965 vv sh qOm lA YSAl.
6. Fln UNO Al GAWmpdO EpdO qvl.

EYv

qvm wsm DmYm

Y O

fm pf

10. Y Ov AsA SAW .

1. 1956v FZp Clf mY Y Ovm YjA Vf.
2. CAlv EASAf FZpp lA pOdAWAl.
3. KOY i YOA VOn ln nAVSwSAl.
4. KOY i Y Ovm CAhj lS
VSwSAl.
11. Ai pgv KOYi qh/ K...lAWm Yv?
Y) ppAV Ai pgv KOYi qh:
1. KOY i lv l lvm nAVSwSAl.
2. fV mAW EAfmO hAhA AqlAW pdAl.
3. CsvO, lvO l Sv qvm ln pAWAl.
4. lv OA phOAS EYvm JWAl.
5. lg O l Gh O lOgm nwpAl.
6. Y Ov Av EASAfO, FZpO l Jfm
ln nAWAl.
7. O Av sh-qOv l ln nAVdO
piAWAl.
8. S, dv l Jfm lAv pO OAWAl.
9. lgpO mAf mtO hAhA EpAWAl.
10. S Cg pv nl LplA KOYi lAWml.
11. swA DlphA mAf OASm hpAWAl.
12. EO DOg mAf OdO hAhA EpAWAl.
13. Em-EO m pAWAl.
14 llp 60 Yvm Yl qvmmAf O VSwSAl.

qvm

s Ss

Cxml

Gh
O
lg
O

wm - v pgzOvm
v dd SO
rAO - mv
qAtAVm
Clf
OnYAm iOAWmf

53

6. -

CYAh Sv
swpAvn lvA

mk p

AW p

CO vn WOS

svAl lY

1. qXm OvAv mln shAS pwV.

2. lvv Ci qXmml sSlA.
3. lhn AWm Dv.
4. Dv EAf pm YiO VAlm.
Harappa ox symbol
5. shlAv Ci qXmm s AhA .
CYAh Sv
6. Al mSOhm Ym v 1921-22
AhAv wOjf.
7. SAl vOy Onn OvA mdl.
8. CYAh Sv Spv OvA md.
9. v DvA ysf v Ovl.
10. sj l DVf VOf.
11. O mm pAWml OmAl.
12. swpAv lvvm nAWm pvY mA.
13. swpA pvv v OyO AW Glg.
14. hAYvn slvn nAWm Y YYVyf.
15. Spv OvA md sh PSy hv
Dsd, f.
16. Cm WAWml Odvf.
17. mk p Sv Gh pl.
18. AW p Sv lpl.
19. VAlSp Olhn Dm Ovm mhv Cn pwV.
20. Vm iOf m hAS shln
f OvAv AlAVf.
21. s, f Vd iShAln ld Vpm
sj PSyh f.
22. VAlSpn Ai Odvf.
23. ClSYvm Ov Olv Dmv GAf.
24. s Y pOf Y m .
25. D Y pOf lmAl i.
26. 1894v COvn WOSv YSm ppAV hv qAdO
OmAl Ym.
27. AOVvV piqlAVsfm lAh Clh.
28. mYVvV piqlAVsfm lAh lh.
29. Ohs m ngn p Vmf Ev dd .
30. Tv Y pOf ss.
31. svAl lYm php Ov nAWml CO.
32. fxvn IOdm, DSvn hY vm nAWml Ym.
33. Tv Vhv Ym qvm Ovn SA Cn CAd.
34. nV WhvPmA YAS OvA mdl.
35. shlnO ld Wm pmv qS .
36. j Smm nlAWm td S Ymv wA sAdO.
37. wAsAdAO sh lAv DAS lm p pdf.
38. Al yvm qAtAWml Sqv h. Ehm sASxvv
Yj sn pAqAlAVm.
39. q lA YSm AhA 1757.
40. sO lA YSm AhA 1764.
41. qv iSsd 1857v Ghpl vn dv qAsml.
42. Cv lYm nAWml Cvlm Qx.
43. 16 hsAv sh gYAp qS ShlphA AW.
44. shlAv Ci qXm mSOh Al mSOh. (O.p 3000-1500)
45. l Oy AplA Ym hnO VAlml.
46. Ci, SAl v Oyv sl hnO VAlm.

fS qSv

54

Al mSOhm wOj
Ym v

s Y pOf
Y m

svAl lYm php

Ov nAWml CO

Onf

sj l
DVf VOf

Olv Dmv D Y pOf

ClSYvm Ov GAf lmAl i

IOdm, hY vm
nAWm Ym

Y q pOv
WhAYm l

A Y S

qd v

nV WhvPmA
YAS OvA mdl

O mm
pAWm OmAlf

Tv Y
pOf ss

j Smm nlAWm td
S Ymv wA sAdO

Alh Shn WAWm n OvAv shln

AlAWm m hAS
sAOAVAl Vd

55

DANCING GIRL- MOHENJO-DARO

1. lv In ? C J ? qXm ll?
Y. lv mvS C
1. sSlA
2. YlA
3. lA.

4. Clg lA. dv qXm ml sSlA.

2. shlAv AiO KOhO llpf CAvm AVAf?
Y. sj Ain JOA V CAv:
1. shlAv CmO Yhv, hv, sv Ov.
2. Cm JOh smm Ipf Ovvl.
3. sjvAl g, shvm
ph SAkvS s.
4. Ah sm sj sS pSg.
5. O, l, ipi, A, lO Ad vvm
sjv phAS s.

6. sjvO Gf ly, lvv Ov.
7. lqz, l, AYm, O Ad pAfSvm
sjvAl YpOAd.
8. SAS, m, O, Sl mlvm sjv
phAS s.
9. F DVv, v OgAS shlAv
AiO Oh Ovl.
Al
3. Al mSOhm SAW .
mSOh
Y. Al mSOh
1. Al mSOhm Ym v 1922 v OmSm.
Unicorn Seal
2. El O pA 2500-1500 Ahv OvA mdl.
3. El pdg mSOh.
4. F mSOhv S od Ov Ovl.
5. VOn smv, lmSv GAf.
6. AYlv plm m dO Ovl.
7. Dmd OdAsnO hw Yn.
8. Chwn, ppin pZAV.
9. O Em fOA hwl.
10. wpn sv wp vl vPm Cn CAd.
4. SAl v Oy SAW Af.
Y. SAl v Oy
1. SAl Cm qAhAv vtAVdV dO SAl vOy
Cm p WAl.
SAl vOy
2. SAl vOy Onn OvA mdl.
3. lnn EAf SO vOy Cn Of CAd.
4. sln vv IOS GAfdA v lnn SO slh Oy
Cn Of CAd.
SAl vOy vgv:
1. P vgv.
2. mOv Yd.
3. v fhv.
5. Ci vOy SAW .
Y. Ci vOy
Ci vOy
1. Ci SAd Zvv Ovl.
2. EVd CAlm vvm Vvih jll.
3. Ci vOyvn sv mS, mYOS GAd.
4. Ci vOyv plvm ClhAS WjOAV.
6. CYAh Sv phOh Jd?
Y. 1. CYAh Sv vn NASsl Zvv Ov.
2. CYAh Sv SpvV 1 hsAv nAVsfm.
56
3. d Sfvp Sh sln ah ATdmvm ClhAS
Whvh WiAV.

7. sO GlmO AsAlAWm P hv J?
Y. l SAv Al hAv Wm h Ag
Gln sO GlA Cn CAd.
sO Gl P hv:
1. JO lhlm
2. ZO mhA
3. Sv vn Dlm
4. hm OwSAffA.
5. YAh svvm iOAVdA.
8. sO Gl OvI?
sO Gl Ov:

1. mYf
2. hOA.
3. Ou.
4. mAlf.
5. s.
6. vsVf
7. Vhmf.
8. lf.
9. SmmO
9. sh vOyO Svv Vm v AVAf?
Y. 1. Sv VOvAl Sp sm nhv.
2. ss CmO lv nAVf.
3. CO pAVv, phpOvm nAVm.
4. Ym IOd, hY vvm nAVm.
10. sjvp DAS s ps?
Y. sjvp DAS s psA
1. DAS s v sjv pY hvm
hvOSwS.
2. f v mAf sjv sd pfSwS.
3. DAS SAkvm m svnO CmlAVfA YSAl.
4. sj lAhvO DAS s Vv GpSpfAl.
11. shlAv Yj VhmtlO llpfm CAv?
Y. shlAv Yj VhmtlO llpfm CAv
1. td shlAv DASlm p pdfA.
2. Aglv.
3. h Aglv.
4. YO JOOg.
5. DO lpf.

Vhmf

SmmO

vsVf

mAlf

Ou

mYf

nAsf

hOA

lf

57

12. Vyv Oy, vA S Af.

Y. 1. YY Vyf slvn nAVf.
2. F DvA vnO nlmA.
3. WlAsAv mdY SA Ovnl.
4. YAl Vyf SASOAf Vypn nAVf.
13. O lv OdAWm Odfv J?
1. Ap vn lvv.
2. ev DvA.
3. Y DvA.
4. O DvA.
5. pl v.

1857

14. qXm OvAv CO lmvm D Al hh(lm)

Aplv?
Y. 1. mA. 2. APA.
3. OA.
4. SA 5. p A.6. Gh A vO lAhA.

1857

15. p mv SAW Af.

Y. 1. p m ahA Sfphm EA h sO
GlOv p mv.
2. Glg:
1. O mlm W
2. ss pllm
16. 1857 iSsdO Ogv?
Y. F EAf OApo qvmv 1857v d v ASy qAf
Cm sj nOf DAS ClOn Ow VApfAh
qv iSsd qAsAl.
1857 iSsdO Ogv:
1. fv ppdm YAOg lAhA l AhmA
vn Yv, Amlphv Yvm Ovd.
2. f plvm DASv hwAVO qfAv,
Ov hv pfq nlSA pSfA.
3. sj nOvm td ClOv hOS VffA.
4. sj GlSvO hO ahwfA.
5. D O, pAl O GpSAW hdv
hVm lAhv pAVfA.
6. Al, A nOv hpm smv lsimfA.

1857

1857

1857 iSsd pvfnO Ogv:

1. 1857 iSsd Gh shlnO phfA.
2. OAhAl l Yv tdO AVfA.
3. m mOhA vO qfA.
4. iSsdlvO DlS Oh.
p Ogv v 1857 iSsd pvAl.

58

7.
1. O Od lAh pw A.O .
2. A.O. sAs mAl 1885v sh Yj OASm
pAVm.
3. sh Yj OAS ld Clv G VAl sm.
4. sZAV qwAV Cm lAhn CmAWm td .
5. hlv mOf SqvO SPv (SAla YO S).
6. 1966v hw sh YO ATn pAWm
lls mZ ( sh Olf).
7. Ch sY piOm qAtAWml O T.
8. CotAd KAf lv.
9. lYm YAm shlAv pAWml CotAd.
10. v Gln shv qAtAWml CotAd.
12. Y nln Jd Vml svSASl ivO.
13. v Sgpi, Z Ghvm qAtAWml ivO.
14. vOm Cm tl IO Ovl svSASl ivO.
15. O, e Cm piOvm nAWml svSASl ivO.
16. sh Yj mn pAWml mha s VAls.
17. Alh Shn WAWml sAOAVAl Vd (sASx Vh).
18. l Amvm vs pdv
shlAv xmA Vm.
19. Y q pOv WhAYm l jvv m.
20. f m lAhn pOdAWm lls mZ.
21. qx V l sh nm v xmm YA
lsl.
22. vspdvO Sv tl shlp GOn.
23. sASv sYmO iOAS Alh Gl
qAsm AhA 1905.
24. 1905v sASvm sZAWml v Om.
25. AxS q pAVsfm AhA 1906.
26. Ad- Agv Vm AhA 1909.
27. 1909 EAfm Onv Vdn Ad- Agv CAd.
28. 1919 EAfm Onv Vdn AdAS V p
Agv CAd.
29. vh VdA Vsfm AhA 1919.
30. 1919 v Ywm vsS lAhnO OOf Ymv f .
31. m Om shlAv pdAWm AhA 1927.
32. 1930v SAl Gp hSn SYh vn lAfv qAtAVm.
33. f Af dsv v 1930, 1931 1932
Ahvv YSm. (SAla Af nO Ym)
34. 1935 VdAvn PA sh P Jd.
35. Od EAf Gln qAtAWm A. 1942.
36. SAla 1942v Od EAf GlAv lAV vO gAV
(Do or die) Cn pvpnV.
37. Yj Gl lv: f C
1. hl SA (1885-1905)
2. Cil SA (1905-1920)
3. SAl SA (1920-1947)
38. hl mOv : Sqv O SPv, pY h,
ll s mZ, W.C. sm.
39. Cil mOv : sv SASl ivO, tpm VAl qv,
vv vYpi , CAl T.

1930

1930

Ch sY piO
pOf O T

59
svSASl ivO

pv Ysv
1. fm lAhA CmSm ?
Y. fm lAhA lls mZ
1. td VO lvO sh fOvm On
EASAfO hwAV.
2. EASAfvn pvv hi V.
3. D vm iS shlnO hW C .
4. ln vm ClO vsvm qAl.
5. F lAS sj Aplm td qvOv lVOm
lmn hwpl fm lAh.
6. lnn piqlAWml lls mZ.
2. Yj VhmA pAqAlfnO llA Vm CAv?
Y. Yj VhmA pAqAlfnO llA Vm CAv:
I. DAS l:
td p pdm DAS lm mOm sjv V,
mhA, pYA Cm svm hvOm.
II. YO JOOg:
qvm vsA OA DASv JWm YO JOOg
sjv Yj KOhO ljAl.
III. DOpm lpf:
td v OyOv, hv EsAlv qv.
v CAhp psw Yj VhmA pSAl.
IV. ZO h Aglv:
D, s, l Um Yv, O m, DxT GlA
YAvn f vm hvSAW Yj VhmAm pAV.
V. g lmv Ctl:
dwrm, dwSp, v Ad g, V v Ctl VAldA
v l qAhv pYv lS.
VI. YO Av nAWm qh :
As, l, OvOhv Jdm hw YO Av pYvAl
Yj VhmA pAqAlAV.
VII. Gmh GlSv nOg:
Gmh GlSvm sjvO nOAVdAh lAhv
tdO iOAS Yj Ohm pAqAlAV.
VIII. piOv :
Ch sY, O, e, Aan piOv pYvv Yj
Vhmn pAqAlAV.
3. sh hAhlAv SAla nAWm qh Jd?
Y. sh hAhlA - SAla qh
1. hAhlAv 1920 mAW 1947 O Sv Ovn SAlSA
Cn CAd.
2. 1919v vh VdnO, Ywm vsS lAhnO iOAS
lp Gln qAtAV.
3. 1920-22 Ahv l nAWm F Gln nOg
GlA CAd. V V ATdmh F GlA nwWqAl.
4. SAla 1930 v Gp VdnO iOAS lAf hm Vpd.
5. Gp hSAv pYv Gp Vdvm GvATAV.
6. CAlv F Gln mvATm GlA Cn CAd.
7. 1942v SAla Od EAf Gln qAtAV.
8. Od EAf GlAv SAla pYvO Do or Die
Cm nmln EV.
9. Do or Die CAd lAV vl gAV Cn CA.
10. hAhl OvAv SAla pv Yv m CmsAV.
11. hSA, CA Cm lAhvh Gln mfq.
12. SAla hAh qmv OvOqh qAV.
13. pYvV Yiph, spa, h Cn SAS pvsfm.

hw YO ATn
pAWm lls mZ

Ad--1909

O Od lAh
pw A.O

SAla

Av Gl
qAsOv CotAd

60

4. O Od lAhA CmSm?
Y. O Od lAhA
1. td qvm pd sjv CAhpS Gm.
2. vSv CAhpn hvSAVfnO Cvm DO
1885v sh Yj OASm pAWmf.
3. lnn g OdAS pmf.
4. sj mOv lnn hO CmOvAS vVOm.

Ywm vsS lAhA

5. v GlA SAW Af.

Y. 1. ld ppAV l OvAv sv SASl ivO,
CotAd 1915-16v Af v Glv qAtAV.
2. lmAhA shlAv pqvmm ppdvn
lp pVA Vpd.
3. CotAd lvn Cf mAf, ivO
mAf F Gln nAV.
4. YA mYmO lnO lAW jhm
Cn ivO SAVf.
5. F GlvO vtAWm pYlgm AV vO td
pshA mOvm Yvv nAlWAl.
6. 1918 mdO v GlA DSqAl.

6. Ywm vsS lAhA SAW Af.

Y. Ywm vsS lAhA
1. 1919v td pshA vh VdA VAl.
2. ln pOA sjvm COgAS C V
ClOA td O EsfAl.
3. td pAYsv hqv plm
hqv
OVvm C V.
4. lnO nmS pYv Ch vn
Ywm vsS l m.
5. Ymv f F Ap IvAd Al
VOv vOAf Ovv Yqf.
6. F ATdmv 1000 AlO pS gAWm.
7. lnm Ywm vsS lAhA Cn CAd.
8. F ATdmO iOAS 1920v nOglA
qAtAV.
7. Alh GlA SAW .
1. 1905v v Om pqvm vsA pd sASvm
Af vS sZAWm.
2. sASvv pSqhm Yjln CgVd Chn llA.
3. sYmm iO 1905 DS 7hlm Alh
GlA qAsAl.
4. sAOAVAl Vd WAWm Alh ShA Gl nmlAl.
5. l sg, Pl lg EAlv sSv.
6. td lmoih F Gln CgW.
7. F GlA pYvAlv Yjl smvm OiAWAl.
8. 1911v td pshA sASv sYmm l VAl.

Yj OAS ld
Clv W.C sm

hlv mOf
SqvO SPv

Ywm vsS lAhnO

OOf f

plm OV

l Amvm xmA
Vm vs pdv

v Om

61

8. nOglA SAW .

Alh GlA

9. m Om SAW hvp?
Y. m Om:
1. 1919v AdS Vp Agv V.
2. F Agv Cvp ClmnO 1927v LO Od
nAVsfml.
3. td pshA m Clhm JfS sv Sv
Odn shlnO pApm.
4. F Omv sjv IO qinlA vl.
5. CAlvm sjv jAS iOAV.
6. Om zm pi Vd m_S sO'' nmlAh
nmv hwY.

m Om iO GlA

nOglA

Y. nOglA
1. 1919v Ywm vsS ATdmv CmO Al
sjv Ymv fV VApsfm.
2. CAlO 1920v SAla nOgln qAtAV.
3. l sg, Pl lg, pmv nOg
F GlAv sSv.
4. F GlAv CmO Al lv, hv,
m pYv qvm.
5. F GlnO DO A OO ivO
Y nln Jd Vf.
6. Pl hAh WA CAl.
7. 1922v Gh plvn VVv pYv Aih
HSApp qxv Ovv Yq.
8. lnh DSAWm pYv qxvp Vm lfv
22 Al qxv gAV.
9. GlA AhmAlm SAla
nOg GlAm 1922v nwp.

1927

10. Gp hSn S hvpAf.

sh Yj mA

Y. Gp hSA
1. 1930v td pshA Gp h Vp
pm lAWAl.
2. lnn SAla iOAVm.
3. SAla 1930 12m lAf O qlh
nAVm.
4. lAfv Gp h Vm.
5. SAla mvATmO qvfm.
6. lAv pv qAhvv Gp hSA YSm.
7. 90 v Aln C V Yyv .
8. lnm Gp hSA Cn CAd.

11. Od EAf Gln S OpAS Af?

Y. Od EAf GlA
1. 1942 DSv SAla Od EAf Gln qAtAVm.
2. Od EAf CAd sh ln lw pd Cn C.
3. DASv shln lw qvm nmlAh F
GlA jAS OmSAl.
4. hv, OOv, lv, yv F Gln nAV.
5. psh Ovv, qevv, mmv hpf.
6. pmv VwApm nwp.
7. F Gln td svpSAh CgW .

62

YAS l
Od Clv CAsl

YAS ph Clv
YAl pl

dsdv slh
mOf lvv

CsA wAOm

K. M.

(
)

T.T.

( )

1949 26 -

DAl A OA qd
v qgv
CAVf

1946,

v Om x
63
YAl m

qhAVm

1.
1. qXm OvAv mln shA Cn pwV.
2. m lAv 28 v, 7 OAl qwh qAhv Ov.
3. Ymsv ppAVAv pk mAv Gm lA Vm.
4. Ymsv ppAVAv sh lA Af mAv Ovl.
5. 1991 vOv pO ml Yms 84.39 Od 2011 pOA 121 Od.
6. lA hA Ymsv fv Ovv h 18%.
7. shlp ClO s Al.
8. sh YASV SAVsfm sv AP 22.
9. ppAVAvn pl svv hvS s 16 mAv Al.
sh pqvm
10. s qiplOp Jf ld A DAlA.
11. sASlO dAp vA Sv DAlpl.
12. YAS l Od Clv t. D. CAsl .
13. shYASA DlAVsfm hl 1949 mAs 26.
14. sh YAS CvvO Wm hl 1950 Ym 26 .
15. sh lAv hO slOA pYv O Ovl.
16. h v mAf Yn Vfn vOOhhA CAd.
17. Yqvmv hv pA vOAfdm vOOhhA CAd.
18. OAl, pshv l ClO sYm
tmhA v JOhA
P psh plm vgA.
19. mhA vOAf VO CA vl.
20. qlO Ovm AV O YAS pp O.
21. m qvm CAd VdA Al piOn mAS VffA.
22. shlAv Yj OhpOm pitAtAV nmlA
tmhA v JOhA.
23. qXm shlAv pYvAh mvm smm pslAWm
hA slhA.
24. sh qvO Md O 18 Ahv O OwAVsfml.
25. shlAv qAd h qvm Svl.
26. h qiplOS 1947v shlA sZApsfAl.
27. shlAv pl A Ym, Wm A S.

28. Yj Ohm pitAtV nmlA tmhA v JOhA.

29. sh lAv Alv hA 80.5 hA, Av hA
13.4 hA, Ov 2.3 hA.
30. m lAv 6748 Ovv Gm.
31. ZO mA pAqAlAVfnO Y m hffh.
32. h hAhp O qkO O.
33. IAS
:
Indian Administrative Service
sh pqvm .

35. IPS
: Indian Police Service - sh qx .
pv Ysv
1. shlA l Ahv Yn od VpSv?
Y. shlA l Ahv YA
1. vA: shlA vm lhh Ofm lA.
2. Yms: shlA 121 Od Ymsh ppAVAv Af mAv Al.
3. sv: 1652 sv fOv Gm. 22 svm
tmhA v JOhA.
YASA SAWAl.
4. hv: Al, sl, Ym, O, EA, Om hv
shlAv Ov.
5. l Ovv: shlA v 6748 Ovv Ov.
6. l DVv: vv, pAfSvv, lgv, Dp
Cvdvv tmhn OwS Al.
7. mhhv, AShA, Oyv: pvOv mhhv, AShA,
Oyv shlAmAl Ov.
8. tm Ahv ymA: pm pm Cn CAvh qd
tm AhvO shlA Dvv.
mhhv
8. Om shln l Ahv YAS VpV.

64

2. m qvm vl v Dp v CmSm? P vgv?

Y. mqvm:
Vdv, mv qiplOp pshn nAVdm
mqvm Cn CAd.
mqvm vgv:
1. VdA lv lAvn qvAl mA.
2. mmv CvpV Vdv CAlO mAS .
3. qvOv OAd VdvO qlmh GAdAl.
4. JOO phO Ov, Ov GAf.
5. Vdvm CiOAWm AlAv hp J Eh
AlAvm qvm Apl.

3. P lA CmSm?
mqvm
Y. P:
1. Pm DASAv pfm CAd.
2. El rf Cm plA mAf DAWAl.
3. rf CmS LpAlA.
P vgv:
1. Pv YAS qiplOm OAl, pshv l
ClO pApg YShAl.
2. P mAf J nO fq Ovl.
vOOhhA
3. YAS h shlA P YA.
4. v qvmm pshv n.
5. OAl qwh qAhv qvmm OAl AP
pAl.
4. vOOhhA CmSm? mlA vOOhhnO
Id Odsf GAl?
Y. vOOhhA:
1. l nph sm vOOhhA.
2. Y qvmv h pA vOqf vOOhhA.
shlAv vOOhh sm:
1. YASA h hAhp Om qvAlO
EWAl.

2. pj qf hmO mWm hn OAVV.
vOOhhA
3. shlA h YA Ol. vOOYA.
sh YAS pOv F CAn pAl.
4. pshA lv Cn hv m.
5. J h vvm pshA YOA VOl.
6. hA pd Gmh plv, lv Esf.
7. psh nlv qAl lvv nAl h
sl nlApsfAl.
8. InOv h Wvm fl.
9. shlAv l hv Ow v Ah am.
10. hA pd Ovvv AV n pshA OemAS Al.
11. p Ogv v mlA vOO lnO Odsf Al Cn VpV.

65

5. ZO mA CmSm?
Y. ZO mA
1. lApl OlAl Vhv OAlOhA OOAf CAlO
mAS pApg Vf ZO mA.
ZO mA lmO pshA Vpdm Vv:
1. YASAv qvAlO qkO Ov OwAWml.
2. sfSv O YAv Wh mA OwAWml.
3. YASAv DOv 17 Chm nlAWAl.
4. S.C, S.T, B.C, vO l, GlS, YOASvv
Ym OwAWml.
5. YAl m l pWAl.
6. sAgv Cv V plvO spApg VAl.
7. Oo hm VdA Cv VsfAl.
8. Sg Gql COv OwAVsfm.
6. YO pv Yj Phm Iv pAqAl?
Y. YO pv - Yj Ph
1. Yj OhO YO qv llA V.
2. l v n hq svS VOAd.
3. YO pYmA OwSAW lShO O V.
4. Vv l l pYv l CSmm pAqAl.
5. pYvv h n pAqAl.
6. F lAS YO pv Yj Phm pAqAl.
7. Yj Ohm pAqAlAVdnO hff CAvm hvAf?
Y. Yj Oh: V, mhA qiplOm amA
Vm l pYvAl KOhh GAf sm Yj Oh.
Yj Ohm pAqAlAV CAv:
I. VhO GhlhA:
1. hhv mAf sjvO AOAV Gmh Ai,
mSOhv VhO GhlhA.
2. mO JOhsn OwAWm mh Vh,
Ahvm OqfOw.
II. PlA:
1. tm Yhv Ofw Cm shlAv PlA
Ohm pAqAlAl.
2. OAl, pshv l ClOvm pApg
P P vgA.
III. YO qv:
1. l qAhv, hv, Ovv n YOqv
h svS VOAd.
2. ZO Clvm hvSAW pYvv Yj
sn pAqAl.
IV. ZO Clv hvSAp:1. hhhA, OvhhA, qAjhhA lvS
ZO Clvm hvSAVw.
2. smln fmfw.
V. On ASh Jd:1. mlAv LO YASA, LO qhA Ovl.
2. l pYvAlO LO Vdv .
3. I.A.S., I.P.S., : Ad DwAf v pqvmv
JOphm lAVdO nApsfh.
4. pAO lnO Chmh mmAS GAdAl.

ZO mA

VhO GhlhA

slmlA
qAtAWm ms s

sh qx

66

2.

1. pYA Cm plA SO s mAf pdAl.
2. f' Cm SO plnO pYv Cn CA. O CmS pqvm.
3. ppAVAv pl pY l EAf.
4. vO s sv pl Ovpi 5 Ahv, Ys sv
pl Ovpi 6 A.
5. m lAv iO InOv 5 AhvO LO YSm.
6. YASAv 326 DOv Ym Md O SAW hvpm .

7. sh qvO Md O 18 Ahv nAfm O OwAVsfml.
8. iO /Ym Md O CAd 18 Ahv psfm
AlO Md O OwAVd.
9. shlAv qAd h qvm Svl.

10. OAlAv ISs h s Ys, lSs vl

pYpinlv s vOs.
11. pYv O, pYvVh, pYv OO pnV psh pYA
Cn hwpm CO Clf CsA wAOm.
12. pYAv Chmh ClOA pYvl.

13. IvOd CAd Md l.

14. Ys sv p pliv InO Osfh.
15. YO pvO Wv OdAVl InOv ATA.
16. nYO Av InOv nAV ClOn dAS ClO CAd.
17. mpiqlm phvm pwAV ClO dAS ClO.
18. qwAS sh vl qwAS OAln nAV ClOn
pfAS ClO CAd.
19. LO Av 4 hA Md qAlm qn qAj q Cn CAd.
20. mvS vv 4 hA Md qAlm qn Yj q CAd.
21. mmv Omm YO O VAlm qAj q.
22. vO s vl m sO qd VdO Oo
25 Ahv.
23. YsO qd VdO Oo 30 Ahv.
24. qAj qO Glg - TDP, TRS, DMK, AIADMK,
mmv Omm, CA Sgph.
C.P.I.(M)
25. Yj qO Glg- BJP, OAS, CPM, CPI.
26. AGP CAd - CA Sg ph (El CA qAj q).
27. ms sv/ vO s sv ph pliv
ImOsfh.
28. Gf v, DOvh YOlOA OA Jfm Ov
lA YO q.
29. OoA mvS vv SAp qAlm qn
Yj q CAl.
30. qAdv h Cn EASAf qAdm pv.
31. sh plm Ain pi n.
32. pYAv mhml qAd.
33. CmWh pmv l Mdm AqlAVfn
InOv mAS pAd.

34. pY pshA Ipf phlO psh S GAdAl.
35. InOv CmAhA svd pdvm Md vOAp OAlvO pAph.
36. ld S nO AvO InOv YSm AhA 1884.

37. ld lg InOv YSm AhA 1952.

38. 6 lg InOv YSm AhA 1977.
39. 12 lg InOv YSm AhA 1998.
40. 13 lg InOv YSm AhA 1999.
41. 14 lg InOv YSm AhA 2004.
42. 15 lg InOv YSm AhA 2009.
43. shlA AWm Dlv V, mhA, shhA.
44. shYj am Aiv Sv f Gl CAv
pYA, vOOhhA, ZO mA.

67

45. 2011 Yms vOv pOA ppAV Ymsv sh l

Yms hA 17.5 %.
46. 2011 Yms vOv pOA sh l Yms 121 Od.
(2001 pOA 102.87 Od)
47. 2011 Yms vOv pOA sh l Yms l d 17.64%.
48. 2011/2001 Yms vOv pOA IO Yms Sv A Gh pl.
49. 2011/2001 Yms vOv pOA hO Yms Sv A OA.

50. 2011 Yms vOv pOA DAl pl Yms 8.46 Od.
(2001- 7.57 Od)
51. 2011 Yms vOv pOA sh l YmAlh 382
(2001 pOA 324)
52. 2011 Yms vOv pOA DAl pl YmAlh 308
(2001 pOA 275)
53. 2011 Yms vOv pOA sh l Ch hA 74.04%
(2001 pOA 65.38%)
54. 2011 Yms vOv pOA DAl pl Ch hA 67.66%

(2001 pOA 61.11%)
55. BJP : Bharathiya Janatha Party - sj Ymh q.
56. TDP : Telugu Desam Party - hvS lA q.
pv - Ysv
1. pYA CAd Jd? mlA pY ln Id
VpSv?
Y. shlA - pYA

pYA: pY pinl qvm pYA.
1. sh YASA sh ln pY, SghAh YAS pAl.
2. InOv l ImOsfm pYpinlv pqvm S.
3. Yv, gv, YAlO mAvl.
4. hO slOA pYvl.
5. mlAv nAOhnO Vd vl.
6. 5 AhvO LO Vh InOv YSh.
7. InO Osfm Clpi GAf SghAh YA shlA.

8. qvAlO qkO, YO Ovm YASA EWAl.
9. p CAv shlA pYnO Odsf GAln hw V.
2. lg InOvO, lAh InOvO l Sv sl?
Y.lg InOv:
Kl AhvO LO vO sO, lmsvO nAV
InOvm lg InOv CAd.
lAh InOv:
Af lg InOv l OvAv Cn Ogv v vO s,
lmsv l, Dmvvvp nAV InOvm lAh
InOv CAd.
Gp InO:
pY pinl gAWmpf vl am Vmpf nAV
InOm Gp InO CAd.
3. iO Ym Md O CmSm?
Y. iO Ym Md O
1. sh YASAv 326 pOgm CmAW 18 Ahv nAfm
Cvm YmvAlO Ov, h, Yi, qAh, wAShvh
AsAlA vOAf MdS ml OfnO OwAVsfm Om
iO Md O CAl.
2. pWO, OS CmsmO F O Esfl.

68

4. InOvv CmWh pm v?
Y. InOvv CmWh pmv:
1. MdO vAVA EfA.
2. qwAS OAlvO mvv Mdm jOfA.
3. DVg SA On Smv VfA.
4. OvA pd, hA pd Mdm OfA.
5. lAS Mdm fA.
6. SASO qvffA.
7. psh AhASn fOfA.
8. shv EfA.
9. svd pdvm IhOn qfA lvSm.
5. Yj q, q CAd Jd?
Y. Yj q : OoA mvS vv SAp qAlm qn
Yj q CAl. Gl: OAS, t.Y.p.,
q : vO sO vl m svO YSm lg InOv
qvm Mdv OoA mvS hA Md qAlm qn q CAl.
GlgO hvS lA, TRS, DMK, AIADMK, mmv Omm,
6. pY qiplO hv/pYA YAhAS
pnVdnO llpf CAv?
Y. pY qiplO hv:
1. phv Sv pshA:
sh YASA psh ClOvO pi lAWAl.
pYvAlO V Ovm EWAl.
2. mqvm:
pYAv qvAl mv. Ym, Aplv v IO
phO OvAf.
3. tmtq qh:
pYpinlv OOvqvm pYv nAhA , h Ctqvm
O hvqw. pV lv l h Ctqvm hw pVV
4. YSOvm pYz DOh:
pYv h Ovm AVOdnO YShS GAfw.
5. pYtqA qh:
qv h Ctqvm VS OOAVV.
6. mOh sA:
pYAv slhh mOhA CA.
7. ZO, DO mhA:
ZO, DO mhA GAd pYA YAhhAl.

hvS lA

hvASg i
D.M.K.

A.I.A.D.M.K.

7. mlAv InOv lmn hvAf? vl InOv ATA lvm hvp.

Y. mlAv InOv lmA:
1. pY qinl VdAv nsAlmvm CmAW sh InOv
YSR OAS
ATA InOv nAl.
2. AlS InOv fv m pOdAl.
3. pi nYO nO InOv ng, pgvO
LO dAS ClOn n.
4. InOvv qd VfnO Cvm MdmAf mmmm
dAS ClOOf.
5. mmm GpAg Sf pm hh mmmm
vO h
pwAW hl Yth pOd.
6. CsvO Svm Od.
7. svd phvm vl IvOnO MdAS Ahvm lA V.
8. qwAS OAlvm Jd V dO pfAS ClOm n.
9. InOv Ym Cvm MdAl Md dnO Cmi.
10. qwAS p Cm hh svd pdvm vl MdAS
Ahvm slp.
11. nAWm hlm Md vOAp Yp SvqAlm Csn pOdAW

lOg phA Y V.

8. InOv np CmSm?
Y. YO qv InOvAl h Vs pYh OOvm,
h q lAhvm hvh flvV phn InOv np CAl.

69

.
1. 2001 vOv pOA sh Chd 65.38 hA. (2011 pOA
74.04%)
2. 2001 vOv pOA DAlpl Chd 61.11 hA. (2011
pOA 67.77 %)
3. 1991 vOv pOA DAlplv ChA 45 hA.
4. 1991 pOA ml Ch 52 hA.
5. Oy A 90% Chh lAv ld mAv GAl.
6. vv Ch Ci hOS Sv A Ym.
7. u A Chv Wd W mAv GAl.
8. WmpvvVh Om pmvm VAVln 1938 VdA hwpAl.
9. 1947v shlA h qiplOS sZApsfAl.
10. 1948 OS Vd OSvv pvvV
pnVAVfn nlAWAl.
11. qOv pg Vd Vsfm AhA 1955.
12. Odnl VdA Vm AhA 1961.
13. Yj svv lm pOdAWm AhA 1974.
14. Yj l lmn pOdAWm AhA 1986.
15. Yj Ch pV lyn(m) pAWm AhA 1988.
16. CAlO l OOA pOdAVsf AhA 1990.
17. nAl qlO l Dl hvv Ovl.
18. phO DAl A OA qd v qgv CAVf.
19. s qiplOm v pmsYm YSAl.
20. s qiplOp Jf ld A DAlA.
21. DAl Chg YSm hl 1-10-1953.
22. DAlpl Chg YSm hl 1-11-1956.
23. m lAv sYmh qd Ov sYm Ovln
Vpm CAsl.
24. lA hA Ymsv fv Ovv h 18%.
25. ZO lVvOdA, CAdnhmA, CmhA.
26. YASvn 17 DOv pOA CAdnhmA mA.
27. YASv 21 DOv aAV O m plAWAl.
28. YASv 24 ClOgA Wmpvvm Oemm pmv
mAW lA Vn VpAl.
29. CvAPO v O g OwAV DOv 29.
30. Cv APO v h pV O 30 ClnA
OwAl.
31. swOv Oo 18 Ahv.
32. COgAS C Vm n flv VfnO OwAWm d
t O.
33. s phv Cm sm qAjhhAm hvpm.
34 Gp qAjhhnO v, O, hvASgvm
GlgvS VpV.
35. JO qhA Sv lnO Glg shlA.
36. l qhA Sv lnO Glg CO.
37. lO plv V, SAY, OOm, m.
38. Y iO OOvpmO Glg vAVSAfhm.
39. q Ovv Ci Pml aAV O.
40. mvlmA CmS vOvv VpnlmA.
41. m Alm y nh, hhhA, qAjhhA,
OvhhA, Cmh, svv g.

KS

B. R.

Ambedkar

70

1. iO qlO lvn lAVdO/ nh nvmO

Vvm O Jd?
Y. iO qlO lvA:- shl Ap CtlO
iO qkO l ChA.
iO qlO lvn lAVdO jOwm Vv:
1. OAl pshv qlmh: OAl pshv
iO lO ClO qlmh Ew.
2. nAl qkO l: 14 Ahv vp svswOvAlO


nAl qkO lm ppdw.
3. fqdm nlAVfA : lv Vl nm n
iS qevO Vdd Vw.
4. nvplv plin hvSAVw: l LO l AhA
Ov fdmm pliO phA p pdw.
5. qevv Oh vOAf VffA : mOsfm SYm
qAhv qevvm mvOvw.
fqdm nlAVfA
6. zO lqv OwAVfA: zO lqvm
pi qevAl Ow.
7. DOgm hgm OwAVfA: qevv n,
slm mghm pAW DOgm hgm OwAVw.
8. pl lvO Vh: Vl, pOv DOsA OOAf
GWh pOv, GWh l CAlAVw.
9. hwlAfvv VhmA: pvw qevvO pAp lAS
hwhAfv Al Vhmn pAVw.
zO lqv OwAVfA
10. Ap Ch GlA : lpAS Ap
Ch Gln Vpdw.
2. fv Yhv, fv hSv iShvm SpVdnO
jOwm Vv?
Y. fv Yhv, hSv iShvm S pVfnO
jOwm Vv:
1. s Agv l Ovl Vdvm qAlAW CvVw.
2. SYmvO Sv sv CmOAhA OOAf Vfw.
pl lvO Vh
3. ltlv F Yhv, hSv pYvm sSvm Vw.
4. AnO, CtlO qdpf lOOn Cv Vw.
5. OA l Av, Gql Ovmv Ym Ovm
PWhAS CvVw.
6. v lqv, GWh pOv, lv lvSm
Ow.
7. Gmh GlSv Of O hSmAh COv OwAVw.
8. Ctln nlAW, f mAS pAV n
OemAS AVw.
Ap Ch GlA
3. qAj hhA CmSm ?
Y. qAj hhA
1. LO phO qAhA hm s, Ai, DV v, DOAv,
am lmvm pAVOvm OO qAjhhA.
2. LO phO qAhA F lAS hm GnOn nvpOvm DOA
YjhhnO ClhAl.
3. AiO, s pm lhv qAjhhnO vA.

4. Ehv mAf Cm sm qAjhhnO pg OwAl.
4. vAVSAfhm CmSm?
Y. vAVSAfhm
1. VdslA On lmv l lmn AqlAVf vAVSAfhmA.
2. El s hAv YSh S pvsfhAl.
3. 1988v vAVSAfhm nlO VdA VsfAl.
4. pqvmv YslhmA qlOh GAd vAVSAfhmn
COdV.
5. Edv CmY Ad AT Ov lnO iOAS
Peace in society
qfhm.

71

5. mlAv v sh Whn AVAf?

Y. mlAv v sh WhA:
1. Y ptlv v qh Sgoml.
2. v Fmf g On OOAdm.
3. v DhA pAqAlhml.
4. vn lAhv pvh qdpfhm.
5. l ASv pm.
6. pY pinlvS, qvmlOvS, nOvS,
GqlvS gm.
7. hAhAS DvWAVSvShm.
8. vOsv 1/3 Ah d OdAVvm ytv
piqlm GAl.
9. shv v, pvO JhA jq.

6. pvv Ov?
Y. pvv Ov
1. aAV O.
2. g O.

3. Ctl O.


4. sSO.
1. aAV O:- DSA, qOA, hSm am pgA
qAl O.
2. g O:- OhA mAf, lApv mAf g qAl O.
3. Ctl O:- l, qg, ZO slh, A, Dd
qdv, mlA, AiO OOvm nAV, DmAlAV O.
4. sSO:- spOdm hAhA, AV O, VA
qAlO, hO, DvVm O.
7. svv AA OA Vm Vdv, Ov, A Vv
S Af?
Y. C. svv AA OA Vm Vdv:
1. 1933 svv VdA:
svvm lpf mAf AVfnO Cm DO A
VdA F VdA P GlA.
2. 1938 GlS Ovm VdA:
Oemm pmv pvw nSAVln F VdA VshAl.
3. 1948 OSv VdA:
OSv pvvh pn VAVln F VdA VshAl.
D) svv A Vv /pshA qAlAWm nsAlmv:
1. YSAvn 24 nsAlm pOA Smv, OSv
svvm pmvOA nSAVOfl.
2. 1974 Yj svv lmA O Ovm lqv,
Ov OwAVvn pml.
3. YASAvn DlO hv pOA Wm pvw lAVl.
4. pvvh pn VAVl.
5. pvw VS, DSAS aAV COn OwAVw.
6. pvvm Oqf n lpf mAf AVw.

72

8. t O d CmSm ?
Y. t O d
1. COgS C Vm n flvVdnO
YASA OwAWm CO t O.
2. ln pO C Vm n 24 SAdv vp Ov
Y pVw.
9. V Ovn D plm Ov J?
Y. V Ovn D plm Ov
1. s pOdm O.
2. Ai hAS O.
3. ATvm JVOm O.
4. lAvn J qAhmm lAV O.
5. lAv J qAhAv Cm nAV O.
6. Jlm GlSA, Gql qAl O.
10. qkO llv sflw y v swOv ClOA IAlO?
S.C., S.T., B.C., vv Sg qAhvv swOv ClOAS
lv sf lwyhm.
lnO Ogv:- 1. EAd pn
2. Wmpvv Ag.
3. ZO fVv.
4. lOv Ovmv .
5. sv v.
11. h hhA CmSm? hhhn nlAV v J?
Y. 1. h hhA Cml LO AOWh sm.
2. El sjv vOO am lmnO mdO plm ClAS GAl.
3. On h v, Eh h v n Cmnm,
CAVOAdm.
4. Flm AOWhhhA hhhnO l jAl.
hhhn nlAV v:1. hAh nhAvOAf mAh sjvA Cm l sn
pAqAlAV Ow.
2. h v OSh ahnO phA Vw.
3. p lmv, YO mOv h nO O Vw.
4. Cn hv O g lyvv pA OwAVw.
5. h GlOhv OAf h Vv jOw.
6. GlOhvO Ogm n OemAS AVw.
7. md h v AA OA md Omm pdpVw.
8. InOvv h Wvm, h qiplOp Md CsAVfn
nlAVw.
12. OvhhA CmSm? Ovhhn nlAVfnO jOwm
Vv J?
Y. nOvv Om h ClOvm sm OvhhA.
OvhhA nlAVfnO jOwm Vv:
1. S.C., S.T., B.C., v NmhnO O Vw.
2. Ov slvm Ov plv Sgv pOAS
pAVOw.
3. Chm pqw.
4. VAl Av, ZO OOv Ovhhn
nwAVdO O Vw.
5. OvAh vm pshA qhAVw.
6. OvA pd Mdm CsAVl.
7. Ovv pd Sv p, lv p GAfl.
8. Ovv Co mmn pYvAl lsAh AVw.
13. aAV O CmSm?
1. YASAv pm qOvv aAV O plmml.
2. aAV O S YASAv 21 DOv hvphAl.
3. Cvv Gm Vdvl g qAl, VS aAV Om
21 DOv VshAl.
4. plO GWh m n OwAVw.

73

4.

SAARC

1. shl lAS lmA Cxm lmA.

2. shl lAS lm pw Y vv m.
3. shl, qOmh EpdO f lnO
hvpfv WAl (1947,65,71).
4. 1954v pAVv LpAlm qAlAWml m.
5. O m P CAd sh lA, Vmv l l P.
6. sh-Vmv l lA YSm Ah 1962.
7. Vm, sh lv lnO OgA dsd.
8. dsdv slh mOf lvv.
9. JO qhA Sv lnO Glg shlA.
10. lAl qhA Sv lnO Glg CO.
11. 1983 Ah Om v Od PS A YSm plA fx.
12. sASl Jfm Ah 1971.
13. 1985v O pOvm YSm v sASl Yln fO.
14. ld A YSm vA fO.
15. lg D lv l AsAlvm pAqAlAl.
16. vn lv 8 (sh, qOm, sASl, mqv, vAO,
ILO Logo
sdm, xv, Dpnm)
17. v OhS sh qAlm lA Cpnm.

18. Om v CAd td V pqwAVsfm lv Od.
19. KOY i DAWm hl 1945 COs 24.
20. KOY i Ovv mv Ovl.
21. KOY i plmASv 6.
22. d ClOA Gm KO Y i CASA slh Afw.
193

23. KOY i slh Afwv h shA Sv lv
CO, , EASAf, Vm, rm.
24. CAhj mm Sv plA mlAf vn l S mSA.
25. CAhj mmAvn mv pl OvA 9 Ahv.
26. KOY i pOdm phA qAlAWm mSA m rn.
27. KOY iv ph slv AP 193. 193 l lg fm
28. ph KOYi plmOl sm O m. (lg O)
29. ILO v sh l h shA OwS Al.
30. WHO CmS ppAV DSA.
31. KOY i plm vA ppAV Ain mvOvfA,

- May 1974
32. ppAV m Ov lmhA fAs 10.
33. sAfAS l YSm AhA 1955 (EAfm).
34. CTBT CmS S Cg pv nl LpAlA.
El 1955 AhAv YSAl.
35. rm Yln q.
36. Y Ov lA YSm AhA 1956.
37. Dx YSm AhA 1973.
38. xsAd Om Jd Vm AhA 1980.
39. qAdv h Cn EASAf qAdm pv.
Pokran Nuclear test - Indira Gandhi
December 1974
40. O r Om MYm qO ThA Ow.
41. SAARC:
South Asian Association for Regional co-operation.

lg lv qAj O Afw.
42. UNICEF:
United Nations Integrated Childrens Emergency fund.
KOY i CAhj svv Ch nl.
43. UNESCO: United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation.
KOY i l AiO A.
44. NIEO :
New International Economic Order
mhm CAhj DO .
74
45. UNCTAD : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
KOYi gY Ctl Afw.

46. WTO
47. WHO
48. ILO
49. FAO
50. NRSA
51. UNDP
52. NNPT
53. NAM
54. UNO
55. UK
56. IBRD

: World Trade Organisation

- pApAV gY A.
: World Health Organisation
- ppAV DS A.
: International Labor Organisation
- CAhj OO ATA.
: Food And Agricultural Organisation
- D A.
: National Remote Sensing Agency
- mmv d nAS JYn.
: United Nations Development Programme
- KOY i Ctl OOA
: Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
- Cg nl LpAlA.
: Non Alignment Movement
- Cxml.
: United Nations Organisation
- KO Y i.
: United Kingdom
- mdf OASf _ EASAf.
: International Bank for Re-construction and Development
: CAhj pmg Ctl sAO - ppAV sAO.
57. CTBT
: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty -S Cg pv nl LpAlA.
58. EEC
: European Economic Co-operation -pm IOmO O-Cpm.
59. CFC
: O r Om.
pv Ysv
1. Cxm lmA CmSm ?
Y. Cxm lmA
1. Af ppAV lmAhA CO v hvS Sv.
2. , COv nO Odv Jd V.
3. F Af Odvh AsAlv pdOOAf hd
lmn CvAtAVf CxmlmA.
4. lnn sh lAv qAtAWml Y vv m.
2. shl lAS lm v hv?
Y. shl lAS lm - v hv
1. J Af Odvh AsAlv pdOOAf GAffA.
2. Cxmlmn CvAtAVfA.
3. Ai hAS, lv pA.
4. v lmn piTdAVd.
5. lv mhA.
6. V, Ai Sv ppAVA.
7. lv hSlv vn ppAVA
United Nations Human
8. lv l OA.
Rights Council Logo
9. Ai hAS, lv pA.
3. f ppAVA CAd Jd?
Y. f ppAVA
1. Edv hAhA qAl Ctl VAlh m D,
DpO, vdm COvn lvm f ppAVA CAd.
2. Flv CO, Odvv VOAf f
ppAVAS GAfq.
IMF
3. 1950 mAf F sm CvvO WAl.
4. KOY ivn CASv J?
Y. KOY i - CASv
1. lg s.
2. lOhh Afw.
3. slh Afw.
4. CAhj mmA.

WTO
5. DO, ZO Afw.
6. Ol A.
5. KOY i Dv J?
Y. Af ppAV lA hh 1945 COs 24m
KOY i DAWAl.
KOY i Dv
1. lvm nAVfA.
2. ppAV Ain Oqfd.
FAO
3. ppAV lv l Ai, Ovm pAqAlAVd.
ASEAN
75
4. Vv l lvm pAVd.
5. nlOgm qhAVd.

6. pAVv S ?
Y. pAVv lAhA
1. 1954v Vm pln V-Im-v, sh pln m l
Olm Ai LpAl pAVv''.
2. F LpAlA pOA LO DAhASO v EAOO
hv ll.
3. Elv qlO Shm OqfOw.
4. Elv slOn pA SAVOw.
,
5. ll vm pAVOw.

6. GlOhvm fwAV Ow.

7. shlA Cxm lmn IAlO IApO VOAl AVAf?
Y. shlA Cxm lmn IApO VOdnO llpfm CAv:
1. Af ppAV lA hh CO, v h
OdvS Sv.
2. shlA gYA OA lvp Dlpf GAl.
3. shlA J Odv Vm Af OdO h lA ChAl.
1954:

4. g O IO P Vw Al.


5. shlA AiOO lA.
6. Om Cn lv On OOml.
7. CAhj GlOhvm hSAVfnO Cxm lmA
CmAVvn sAWAl.
8. lv l pO AsAlvm pAqAlAV Cxm
lmn shlA IApO VOAl.
9. Cxm lmn qAtAWml Y vv m.
10. Cxm lmA sh lAS lmA.

11. m Yj mOv On lv Cmm
ln mS CASOAVvl.
8. mhm CAhj DO (NIEO) CmSm?
Y. mhm CAhj DO :
1. Af ppAV lmAhA CmO lv hAhn qAl.
2. Ctl VAlm, Ctl VAlhm lv l Sv DO
Cmhv vSvO V.
3. F Cmhvm hSAVfnO DOAS mOsfm lv
L O G O
LO m piqlAV.
4. Cl mhm CAhj DO ''.
5. 1973v Dxv Dxmlv A YSAl.
6. EAlv F mhm CAhj DO Cn SAV.
7. CAhj l lmAv Agv, Ctl VAlhm lvO
Ah DO A, qOOg, AOiO YmA slvAp
lvSdn Cxm lv NIEO v V.
9. CAhj pOdmmAW m OvmSm?
Y. CAhj pOdmmAW m Ov:

1. 10-12-1948 hlm KOYi p m Ov
pOdm" m DlAWAl.
2. ln pOA mOv mv SnO,
vvO AsAlAWm.
3. OvAl Vh YnAV.
4. O m Ovm.
5. ppAV pYvAh Ovm CmsAVdO Cv.
6. F Ov q, YO OvSO DO, ZO,
AiO Ov Of Gm.
7. dv pnV O, lm V O Of V Gm.
8. pi O mOvp Sn OwS GAfw.
9. nn pY OA Cv Vw.
UNO - u

76

10. pg CmSm? pg hvh ghv

GhmS v?
Y. pg : mz Chn, Ctln, pvm pshA V
Cn CAvm pgA Cn CAd.
pg OvA, hvh ghvv GhmS v:
1. s, o, Sw Ovh m ahA lhAl.
2. Cfv mOhv ag hvA lsiAdAl.
3. Om f DOf, fOm, Om mOf, O r Om MYm
qm WlA Vm.

4. pwhAS n mAf Ci ovvh Ogv mS
sn hO mvO pvSv Owm.
5. Cgpv vm vf flOh v m
DSnO n VAl.
6. piO AW f nO Ivv mvv
pmh On Ovhm.
7. qO lv mAf vf Sm v
sSyn fOm.
8. pg hvA lsiAd lv, mvOh,
Ov As.
11. pg pgO jOwm Vv?

1. qO vm plhvl OAS Vw.
2. OvOOvm pvm pshA nlAVw.

3. nO IvO slv aAsAl Iv fw.
4. Cfvm Ctl Vw, ZO mvm pAVw.
5. hO lvO Oym GpSAVw.
6. lh m Dl Vw.
7. O gm GpSAVw.
8. OSh mv fOn hSAVw.
9. pg Ov ngO Cnlv Ow pnVw. dO
IO nlv OdAVw.

1.

2.

3. .

4. . .

5.

6. . .

7.

8.

9. .

77
10.

11. . .

12.

13.

14.

12. Glvm pm?

Y. SAARC
SAARC CmS lg lv qAj O Afw.
SAARC Glv
1. lgv pYv An pAqAlAVd.
2. lgv DOtl lAVd.
3. lg lv vAsm lmvm qhAVd,
4. lg m mv CtlO qdpfd.
5. lg lv p Ah vSd.
6. lg lv p CSm OwS Afd.
7. lg lv l DO, ZO On pAqAlAVd.
8. lg lv ZO pSi lAVd.
9. lg lv AiO AsAlvm pAqAlAVd.

13. KOY iv shlA qhm Ap.

Y. 1. KOY i pO slvv shlA LOd.
2. hm CxmlmAh KOY iv pP qh Al.
3. Yi hm PAfAWAl.
4. v ln iOAWAl.
5. 1950v O lAv l Plv f slh mAl.
6. 1960v OASO sh Ai nO lyn pApAl.
7. CAhj OO Afwv h shA OwSGAl.
8. KOY iO ClO hAv yvm CAlAl.

14. KOY i lg s lv?

Y. 1. CAhj Ain, qlO Shm pAVd.
2. KOY iv mhm svm VOmd,
sAVdv r Vd.
3. slh Afwv hhwO svm ImOmd.
4. Od Ymvm CAhj mmnO
mvm ImOmd.
5. KOY i sfd m DlAVd.

15. Om v lv Cn dn CAd?
Y. 1. td V pqwAVsf, hAhA qAlm v
Y Odn Om v lv Cn CAd.
2. GlgO shlA, Dw.
3. 1983v Om v A fxv YSAl.
4. F Odv 54 slv Ov.
5. F Od mt, ZAssv hAhnO O VAl.
6. lgpOv Yihm ppAl.

16. d ClOmSm?
Y. 1. d ClOA CmS pilAV ClOA.
2. slh Afwv Kl CS Yvm CO, , Vm, EASAf,
rm vO J mm VApOAf V ClO d ClOA.

SAARC 2011-

(
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(
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International Court of
Justice

78

5.
1. Ov mO sSAv Afvml Id pO.
2. as OAS I OO qlVv fm lddnO.
3. gng VvO gl p Dlpf AdAl .
4. f slh Vv v plvm nAVV.
5. pA vl Cm S GAd D fp yOfl.
6. d mv/ EAlm Oh mfV mv mfp
hpOAf fAS vm Afw.
7. as OAS f lddO Cmml.
8. Ov LO AVwh mA.
9. asOAS GmVd mlS Olvw.
10. sS CvWAW qAlAWm f slh Vv v
plv nAVfA lA.

1. g ng lnp Dlpf Al?
Y. g ng VvO g lp Dlpf AdAl.
2. dpO l P Gl Jd?
Y. plvm nAVf dpO l P Gl
3. i pg Av OvO hpnS GAfvml ?
Y. Al lpA(fm), mO Id pO .
4. fm GpSAVdv slh Vvm qdAVd IAlO C ?
Y. f - slh Vv C
1. plvm nAVVm.
2. qgvm OqfOmVm.
3. mvO IdAd mA dvOAf VfVm.
4. AS S mn VOV.
5. EAlm Oh mfV mv/ d Oy, dm

GpSAV jOwm YShv?
/ f plvm Id nAVV?

Y. dm GpSAV jOwm YShv:
1. sOv, lqv, mvm VOw.
2. sOvm COhS GpSAVl.
3. mv mfpmpf JOShm qdAVw.
4. lA AW mn mfpl.
5. mm sS DvWAWfw.
6. m AYv OA m vdm GpSAVw.
7. AYv EOAf pOO yl.
8. Alm mnO OoA 20 CfSv lAv Afw.
9. as OAS l nlmAS yw.
10. vdm hpnS GpSAVw.
11. ElO AW dp pgA Vl.


12. Ci SA plOA.
13. v Ym l YShS mfqw.
14. fAS vm vnl mn mfpl.
6. Ovp q JJ YShv qdAVw?
Y. 1. pd qh p Ov mfpl.
2. as OAS l qlVvO qlmh Ew.
3. sv, sOv m iv GAVOw.
4. Ov mO In pO GAfw.
5. iy pgAVmpf vd GAfw.
6. pOO iSdpf Vi Sv Vqw.
7. EAlm Oh mfV mvh qd pfl.
8. hVS Hfq Vm Gm Ovm fl.

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Oh nVmA

- ,

v
Yms hAhA

mtl WO
(H.D.I) m hwpm DO
h C m

v mt -DlA, pApg
amv SAW nlAVm

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fm lAhn
piqlAWml D.R.Sfv

ll s mZ
Apl lpf n hwpm

J.M. Om
nlSv l sln
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80

1.

1. FAf OApo YOlOn VZOAVOm AhA 1757.

2. shlAv td CfSpdO Al A Ap Sg
O SghAh Yv EOf GAf. S pYvv
lv, i pn, lv SlOv GAf.
3. 2001 pOA Sg Yms hA 72.22%, pdg Yms 27.78%.
4. 1991 pOA sh l Sg Yms 629 wm.
5. pdgOg CmS pdgv pSlv.
6. DO pwh / IOmO fm lAhn piqlAWml D.R.Sfv.
7. Apl lpf /DO Aplm OvSdfA/ IOmO pAf lAhn
piqlAWml lls mZ.
8. IvOnO v, OApd EAYoAS v
Oh ASnO VAlml.
9. Od pv, CS sjv h, ufv h, Oyv,
Vmh COh ASA vn.
10. l, pn l qAlm DlA Aqlh DlA .
11. Apl, Dv mAf qAlm DlA CAqlh DlA .
12. Ghi lmv YmA pd Ov Vhvh GAd Cl
pdsfl DO.
13. p, fAf Ov lv n nAV
pdsfl DO .
14. plm Ghi ASvv pl APv pd gY AvAfdm
pdsfl DO CAd.
15. DO v Ghi pm vm pshA nAVfn
l DO CAd.
16. OAlOh pgzO l DO v GAdAl.
17. l DO OwS Gm lv Vm, .
18. sh DO DO .
19. h pliv s f f OvO VAl AdAl.
20. v Om x YAl m qhAVm.
21. v v s, pshnO pmOd LO Wm OdAsv
YmAv GAdAl.
22. psh YmAv mfV psh ASA/ ptO AS Av.
23. sAOv, u Av psh ASAv Gm.
24. Pp Ovp pAd.
25. Sl u Ovp pAd.
26. mi shpm OvA Ym-pAs.
27. v mt Od DlA, pApg amv SAW
nlAVm.
28. ld qO jmA Vm AhA 1948.
29. Af qO jmA Vm AhA 1956.
30.mhm qO jmA Vm AhA 1991.
31. s LfAsfO plhv : 1. YAl .
2. v .
3. h .

1. Oh ASA CmSm ? Glg n.
Y. Oh ASA: LO nVom pliv Ghi, GqlOvmvm
s p, ASvm Oh ASA CAd.
GlgO 1. EAYoAS v.
2. d..v.
3. OApdv h.
2. COh ASA CmSm?
Y. COh ASA: LO nVom pliv Ghi , Gql
Ovmv vn Od pvm COh ASA CAd.
GlgO 1. Vi pmv
2. ufv h
3. CSsj h.

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81

3. pdgOg vO mSOg CmSm?

Y. pdgOg: pdg Yms pSfn pdgOg CAd.
mS Yms pSfn mSOg CAd.
4. Aqlh DlA CmSm?
Y. Aqlh DlA : l, pn l qAlm Dln
Aqlh DlA Cn CAd.
5. CAqlh DlA CmSm?
Y. CAqlh DlA : Apl, Dv mAf qAl Dln
CAqlh DlA CAd.
6. tm DO w AVAf?
Y. tm DO v: DO v f Ov. C
I. pdsfl DO . II. l DO . III. DO .
I. pdsfl DO :
1. v Ghi, pvm pd Ov n lnn
pdsfl DO Cn CAd.
2. pdsfl DO v vsm plm lAS GAdAl.
3. p fAfv mAl lm n.

4. pdsfl DO Sv lvO Glg CO, EASAf.
II. l DO :

1. v Ghi, pvm pshA n lnn l
DO Cn CAd.
2. EAl ATO A psh lA.
3. l DO v OAlOh pgzO Cvv GAdAl
4. l DO Sv lvO Glg , Vm.
III. DO :
1. v Ghi, pvm pshA pd Ov
n lnn DO Cn CAd.
2. plm pvm, w psh nAl.
3. DO Sv lvO Glg shlA.
7. td qvm OvAv sh DO vgvd?
Y. td qvm OvAv sh DO vgv:
1. td qvm OvAv shlA O mv lpfO Sm.
2. lnn D.R. Sfv DO pwh Cm.

3. llsmZ DO Aplm OvSdfA Cm.
4. shlA tdO LO v lAS GAfqAl.
5. shlAv VO lvO f plvm On, tdmv vm
h V. dn iS shlAv IO lvO C.
6. Ahvh hm td v ldO sj
pv nvvO q.

7. CAlv sj Oyv, Vihv mAV.
8. td h IShvm qhAV.
9. sj pvm CgW .
10. A gY pliv OmSAl.
11. shlp Yj DlnO mA dwAl.
12. ln pwhAS hv DlA hSAl.
13. plOA, nlSA IO.
8. DlA, Aplvv CmhvO Ogv AVAf?
Y. DlA, Aplvv CmhvO Ogv

1. Aqlm A: Ov v hfvAfd v
ahvv hfvm.
2. D O: DO v lnOv h Aplm h AhmnO
CAlAVSvSh.
3. l: lvn CAhv v Dl Cmhv Jfh.
4. Sm vh: AqlmO VdO yO, ynO l
DlAv Cmhv Ov.
5. IAVOm ASv: IAVOm ASv v Of Dl Cmhvfm.
6. ASA: ASAp Dlpf v DlA hO.

7. qO ASA: qO ASA p Dlpfv IO.

8. Cm COv: COv Cmhv v Of DlAv
Cmhvfm.

82

2.

1. shm pfm DO v plOA, nlSA, lvgA,

qAj Cmhv, ZO Cpm Ov.
2. qkO Cv Of jOvn in plOA CAd.
3. plOA sh DO O plm .
4. plO nvm OOv IRDP, JRY, NREP, RLEGP, JGSY.
5. 1993 AhA pOA sh lAv Sd DBpg 60.8 A.
6. 1993 pOA Sd DBpg IOS Sv lA ASp.
7. v mt Od DlA, pApg amv SAW nlAVm.
8. YjlA pSh pYv am pg pShAl.
9. Yj DlA/Yms = hv DlA.
10. ppAV sAO vOv pO 1995 AhAv shl
hv DlA 340 fv.
11. Gmh Dl lv CO, Yqm, Yo, rm, EASAf . .
12. l Dl lv EO, v, O, l Ct ..
13. hO Dl lv shlA, qOm, vAO, w ..
14. DOtl/tl WO DlAS pAYs pk mA.
15. qOtl WO DlAS pk mAv GAl.
16. hvASg, vvvn mOsfm qAhv OA
qAj pgzOvm CvAtAWm A. 1970.
17. qkO lv ppAVAv shlA Af mAv Ovl.
18. 2001 Yms vOv pOA sh l Ch d 65.38%.
19. ClO Ym Ch Sv lA O.
20. SvO jfA OO Cvv Gm pkOv
EAl D Ym, Cm sO .
21. ppAV Ctl nlOm AWm AhA 1997.
22. CAlO DSA Cm pkOA CdfS v O DSAS Al.
23. mtl WO (H.D.I) m hwpm DO h C m.
24. J.M. Om Cm DOh EVpO, CnVpO, nlSv
l sln ldS SAVm.
25. pVm nlSA IOS ASAv OnAl.
26. fOv m hmvO GlSv vtAVn i CnVpO nlSA .
27. vslOm Gql OwSm Ov h p O O pnVn
in pVm nlSA CAd.
28. pVm nlSAv GqAh GhlOh mA.
29. Cv Gql CAd qgO pnSAdv OAd hO pn VdA.
30. Gqln pAVfnO pshA Vpdm OOv

RWP, MFALS, SFDA, NREP.

31. IO Gql Ovm OOv Sg qAhv pYvO AsAlAWm.

32. lvgA CAd nAhA lv pSfA, fs v
phmAh Ofm i.
33. lvgA pl l ClOAS psA VphAl.
34. pdsf A pSfAv lv pSh lnn fAf pv

lvgA CAd.

35. GhlO A pSfA v lg lv pSh lnn

O-p lvgA CAd.

36. qkO, lj ASv lSv AsAlvv lv
pSf ng AsAl lvgA.
37. shlAv fAf pv lvgA Ovl.
38. ng AsAlm lvg vdm CO v Ovl.
39. sAOv, u Av psh ASAv Gm.
40. fv CO lnO VAlm Oo.
41. od qlv pkOv - (CAD) s, l h, Wmh qYOv.
42. Cn Ovvv pAfpAd O Ym .
43. CAD : OAf J fvpAd
44. HDI : Human Development Index - mtl WO.

J.M.

83

45. NREP

: National Rural Employment Programme

Yj Sg Gql OOA.
46. IRDP
: Integrated Rural Development Programme
S Sgtl OO.
Telangana
47. RWP
: Rural Works Programme - Sg pmv OOA.
48. JGSY
: Jawahar Grama Samruddhi Yojana
Y S l Ym.
Rayalaseema
48. SGSY
: Swarna Jayanthi Grama Samruddhi Yojana
YAi S l Ym.
50. IAY
: Indira Avas Yojana - EAl C Ym.

51. UBS
: Urban Basic Services - Cm sO .
52. GNP
: Gross National Product - v Yjhi.
53. NNP
: Net National Product - nO Yjhi.
54. JRY
: Jawahar Rojgar Yojana - Y YS Ym.
55. SFDA
: Small Farmers Development Agency
Wm hv Ctl A.
56. MFALS
: Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Labours Scheme
: mO hv Oxv pkOA
57. RLEGP
: Rural Labor Employment Guarantee Programme
: Sg OO Gql Ovm OO.
pv Ysv
1. plOA CmSm?
Y. plOA: pYv h Oo Cvm Of jOvn in
plOA CAd.
2. lvgA CmSm? C In Ov?
Y. lvgA: lv v pSlv, fs v phmAh Ofm

in lvgA CAd.
lvgv f Ov. C 1. fAf pv lvgA.
2. O p lvgA.
3. ng AsAl lvgA.
fAfpv lvgA:
1. pdsf A pSfA v hA fAf nAhAS
pShAl.
2. lnm fAfpv lvgA CAd.
3. Ctl VAlhm lvv F lvgA GAdAl.
4. shlnO fAfpv lvgA Al.
O p lvgA:
1. A pSfA v lg lv pSh lnn O p
lvgA CAd.

2. GlSv IO ahvm fAf VfA.

3. Ymv vsvm pAVOvmOfA.
4. lShv lv pSlv O p lvgnO Ogv.
ng Asl lvgA:
1. qkO, lj ASv l Sv AsAlv v lv
pSf ng AsAl lvgA.
2. vdm CO lvv Fi pdAS OnpAl.
3. hv Dl smm nWAp?

Y. hv Dl:
1. Yj Dln Ymsh sS Vl hv DlA.
2. Yj DlA/Yms=hv DlA
4. llP CmSm ?
Y. llP: Oo pgAv nh v nSn
hwplnn llP CAd.
5. p plOA CmSm ?
Y. p plOA : Kl mAf pl hA O p Yms Dl
vm CdfS vn Kl mAf pl hA O Yms

Dlvv qw hwph lnn p plOA CAd.

84

6. DlAvm, Aplvm CmhvO plm OgA

AVAf?
Y. 1.DO Dl CmhvO plm OgA.
2. lv hfv.
3. O vv hfv.
4. COvv hfv.
7. mtl WO CmSm?
Y. mtl WO : am pgA, DS, Ch,
qlA, hv DlAvh Ofm WOm
mtl WO CAd. lnn Cm hwpm.
7. pshA Vpdm plO nvm pkOv J ?
Y. plO nvm pkOv
1. S Sgtl pkO.
2. Yj Sg Gql pkO.
3. Sg OO Gql pkO.
4. Y S l Ym.

&

8. Gqln pAVfnO sh pshA Vpdm OOv?

Y. sh pshA Vpdm Gql - OOv
1. Sg pmv OOA.
2. mO hv, h Oxv pkOA.
3. Wm hv Ctl pkOA.
4. A Gql pkOv
5. pnO D pkO.
9. nlSv l hfw AVAf.
Y. l Ov nlSv:
1. CnVO pO nlSA:
1. Cpfm hm dO pn VfnO lAS mpdO
pn vtAVn in CnVpO nlSA CAd.
2. El mOsfm, Ctl VAlhm lvv GAdAl.
2. EVpO/AVAl nlSA:
1. Cpfm hm dO pn vtAWmpdO pn VfnO
lASvn in EVpO /AVAl nlSA CAd.
2. El Ctl VAlm lvv GAdAl.
3. pVm nlSA:
1. p O O pnVn im pVm nlSA CAd.
2. shlAv ASAv pVm nlSA Ovl.
3. n pnv mAf hvSAWm Ghiv GAfl.
4. pVm nlSAv GqAh Ghi mAS GAdAl.

J.M. Keynes

nlSv l hfw A

10. hO Ctl VAlm, Ctl VAlm lv l

slvm SAVAf?

hO Ctl VAlm lv
1. 765 fv OAd hO hv DlA
OwSm lv hO Ctl VAlm lv.
2. hO Ctl VAlm lvO Glg
shlA, qOm, w, Vm, vAO.
3. F lv plm i A.
4.pdsfv hO.
5. AOiO pYmA Ctl VAl GAfl.
6. nlSA IO.
7. plOA IO.
8. am pg hO.
9. Ch hO.

Ctl VAlm lv
1. 9386 fv OAd IO hv DlA OwSm
lv Ctl VAlm lv.
2. Ctl VAlm lvO Glg CO,
Yqm, EASAf, Dw.
3. E qOAS Ctl VAl GAd.
4. pdsfv IO.
5. l, AOiO pYmA Ctl VAlGAdAl.
6. nlSA hO.
7. plOA hO.
7. am pg IO.
8. Ch IO.

85

11. qAj Cmhv / qAj hvO Ogv?

Y. qAj Cmhv
1. J lAvmm Cn qAhv mAS Ctl VAl GAf.
2. On qAhv Ctl VAl GAd.
3. On qAhv mOsf GAd .
4. lnm qAj Cmhv CAd.
qAj CmhvO Sv Ogv:
qAj CmhvO Af Ogv Sv. C.
I. Y Ogv. II. VhO Ogv
I. Y Ogv:
1. sSzO Ogv:
OAfv, vv d v qAj Cmhv AsAVV.
2. h phv:
qhA, hgA CmOvAS vmAlm On qAhv
Ctl VAl.
3. qO OAlOg:
pvo OAlOhA Cm qAhA Ctl VAl GAdAl.
vn mOsf GAd.
4. Cpm Ov Oh:
f, lh, odqlv hv vO On qAhv
mOsf GAd.
5. Y mv Oh :
Y mv Oh vm On qAhv mOsf GAd.
II. VhO Ogv:
1. shlAv td qvOv lmv v Cmhv Ov.
2. As, Vm, Ov Oh Ad On pdgvm h
td Ctl pV.
12. qAj hvm hwY WOv J?
qAj hvm hwY WOv:
1. hv DlA.
2. qOtl d.
3. tl d.
4. Cpm Ov Jd.
5. ZOtl,
6. Y mv vsh.
13. sh DO lmAv Af plmm v AVAf?
Y) sh DO lmAv GAf plm v:
1. Yms pSlv :
2001v sh Yms 102.7 Od.
2011 v sh Yms 121 Od.
pi Jd Yms 2.4% Vpm pShm Al.
2. nh :
mlAv 36.4% Al nv Ov.
pvOAd vv nh IO.
3. plOA:
mlAv p plOA IOS GAl.
4. nlSA :
Sg qAhv nlSA IOS Al.
5. lvgA:
mlAv v lv nAhA pShm Gm.
6. qAj CAhv:
shlAv Cn qAhv mAS Ctl VAlvl.
On qAhv Ctl VAl On mOsf m.

OAfv, vv

Price

86

3.

1. DO v f Ovm i v Ov. C
qkO, lj, hj ASv.
2. A,Vpv pdfA, hdv pApOA qkO ASAv sSA.
3. phA lAv Sd sOhA 1.7 O.
4. O od ng plhv h pAh fpf Gm.
5. Oh pgA hSh GhlOh hSm.
6. WmOhv mf ASAv plm .
plantation
7. H.Y.V hmv h pAh fpf GAl.
8. EASAfv Ap Dlpfm Yms 2 hA.
9. Pp Ovp pAd, Sl u Ovp pAd.
10. Cn Ovvv pAfpAd O Ym .
11. AOiO plhvv v vm IOS vspfm pAd VO.
12. qO ASm lj ASA Cn CAd.

13. lj, hj ASvv O O Gql Ovm YSh

lnn DlnOOgS SAVV.
14. Wm h pv pdsf 5 vv mAf 35 vv.
15. Ci Wm h pv pdsf 5 vv OAd hO.
16. zO pO Glg Ad p.
17. Em, GO, m, CvnA pvm
v pv / zO pv CAd.
18. GhlO pv Ahvm, Sn p V.

19. 1994 dx OnOm lmA pd pdsf pAVfA

CAn piqlAWAl.
20. mlAv OO Sd lSsf 17.5 Ody.
21. pv Ogv Ghi DlAS Vm Ogm sh
pshA Cm GAl.
22. l Av ASA OAlO .
23. / hj ASAv Gql Ovm YSh DloOgS VpV.
24. fv gY sAOv Y sAO nsAlmvO vsf GAfw.
25. W. T. O. plm OvA Sv plA m.
26. m lAv lp, llOA Sv sAO Y sAO.
27. sAOv, u Av psh ASAv Gm.
28. LO Av dl nin FOd CAd.

29. 40% pS FOd lvlh D A l ASnl.
30. 1960-70 OvAv qO Aln SnAVVm.
31. FERA :
Foreign Exchange And Regulatory Act
l O OslOg VdA.
32. FEMA :
Foreign Exchange Management Act
l O l ng VdA.
33. RBI :
Reserve Bank of India - Y sAO Dp EAf.
34. HYV :
High Yielding Varieties-ClO lSsf OA hmv.
pv Ysv
1. sh pv ngn In lvS sZAVV? C J?

Y. sh pv ngA:
sh pv ngn f lvS sZAVV. C

1.Ym lmA.
2. pdsf pgA.
3. GhlO sSA.
2. Ym lmn CmAW pvm In ASvS
sZAVVm?
Y. Ym lmn CmAW pv Og:
Ym lmn CmAW pv f Ov. C
1.psh ASA.
2. pd ASA.
KS
3. l ASA.

87

3. pdsf mmAW pvm In sSvS SAV? C J?

Y. pdsf mmAW pv Og:
pdsf mmAW pvm f sSvS sZAV.
1. s h pv.
2. l h pv.
3. Wm h pv
4. FERA m SAW hvpAf?
Y. FERA
1. FERA CmS Foreign Exchange And Regulatory Act
l O l OslOg VdA.
2. FERA VdA 1974v Vsfml.
3. LO OApovn FOdvv 40% pS FOdv lvlh
D OApon lAS OApoS S.
5. sh DO vn i ngn hvAf?
Y) sh DO vn i ngA:
1. pYv amlA OA CmO Ov pmv VAd. lnm
i CAd.
2. pmvv qvpAVOm pYv DlAS i
ngA YSm.
3. DO v f Ovm i v Ov. C
I. qkO ASA.
II. lj ASA.
III. hj ASA.

I. qkO ASA vl ASA :

1. A ASm qkO ASA Cn CAd.
2. A, hO i, hdv pApOA, Smv hOA
lvSm qkO ASA vn.
i ngA
II. lj ASA vl qO ASA:
1. qO ASm lj ASA Cn CAd.
2. pv, Ghi, sm ngA lvSm lj ASA vn.

hO i

III. hj ASA vl ASA:

1. ASm hj ASA Cn CAd.
2. g, plmv, OApd, l Av, piOv,
Slv, dv, sAOAS, gYA lvSm
hj ASA vn CAv.
6. h pA CmSm? EAlvn CAv?
Y. h pA:
AOiO plhv, Sm Yv ng plhv l
ASAv Ghin pAVf h pA.
h pA vn CAv:
1. ClO lSsfnV hmv.
2. g.
3. Iv nSA.
4. pSv Alv fOA.
5. Sm Yv mv ng.
7. Ghin CmAW pvm In sSvS SAV? C J?
Y. Ghin CmAW pv Og:
Ghin CmAW pvm mvS sSvS sZAV.
1. wO pv.
2. GhlO pv.
3. l h pv.
4. nS pv.

KS

Three crops system

Manufacturing Industries

88

8. wO pv CmSm? Glgw.
Y. wO pv
nO, pvO Cm GhlOvm CAlAV
pvm wO pv Cn CAd.
GlgO:
1. Em GO p.
2. sS p.
3. m p.
4. Ad p.
5. CvnA p.
6. Iv p.
7. lh p.

9. shl DO v ASA qhm AVAf?

Y. shl DO v ASA qh:
1. DOv f Ovm i ASvm.
2. hj ASm ASA Cn CAd.
3. DOv g, plmv, OApd,
l Av, piOv, Slv, dv,
sAOAS, gYA, lvSm ASA vn CAv.
4. g, l qAhvm OvpdA l GhiO
Cm fOv gO hffhml.
5. p lmv, OmSvlv, COAlv l
Ahm AsAlvm OvSVm.
6. l Av qlpm OAW dn pdsfv OA
GpSAVVm.
7. ln vm Yj DlA pShAl.
8. sh DO O ASA, pv pn
VO ASA moOgm WAl.

10. shlAv sAOAS, lAv qh Jd?

shlAv sAOAS, l Av qh:
1. sAOv pYv l mAf qlp pAv lmn O.
2. OAWm lmn pvO sgv E.
3. nO Of sgv E.
4. pshnO Cm hn E O.
5. nlSvO Gql OvmO sgv E.
6. shlAv Cn gY sAOv Y sAO
nsAlmvO vsf pn V.

1. 2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

89
8. . .

9.

10. ..

11.

12. ..

13.

14.

4. -
1. pgzO ATA pAVsfm AhA 1950.
2. pgzO ATA Clf plm Ai.
3. 1951 AhAv sh pgzO qAsAl.
4. pgzOv v h Y pm.
5. ld pAV pgzO OvA 1951- 1956.
6. ld pgzOv mO ChlO qlmhnV.
7. Af pAV pgzO OvA 1956-1961.
8. s pv Ctl plm vAS Sv pgzO
Af pAV pgzO.
9. A Al lAVfA f pAV pgzO plm vA.
10. sh, Vm lA YSm AhA 1962.
11. Vm, qOm lv v 4 pAV pgzOm
Cv pVvl.
12. plO nvm (Su e) pkOA 4 pAV pgzO
plm vA.
13 Su e pkOm i EAl SAl p pdm.
14. 5 pAV pgzO n vv plO nvm
A l.
15. Af ppdsf pAV pgzO Kl pAV pgzO
16. h pA 6 pgzO OvAv Cv pV.
17. Gql, qkO l, Yms nAhg, Cpm
ASvm lfpVfA 8 pgzO vv.
18. 9 pAV pgzO OvAv vAS pdOm pSlv 7 hA.
19. mhm qO lmn pOdAWm AhA 1991.
20. nlSA, plOA, lvgA, Dl Cmhv hSAV
vOqfA pgzOv DpYv.
21. Yj DlA pSh a pg pShAl.
22. plO nvm pS 2005 Ah mdO lAVvn
nAV.
23. Y sAOm pAWm AhA 1935.
24. phA v Yjhi Ctl d 9%.
25. phA mA 12 (2012-17) pgzOv Gm.
pv Ysv
1. pgzOv O plm vd?
Y. pgzOv O plm vA:
1. l pYv am pgm l VfA.
2. Y pm.

1962

-1965

-1971

2. DO pgzO CAd Jd?

Y. DO pgzO
n Ov piv nAVOm vvm lAVfnO hslAS
h VOm AhASA, vm DO pgzO CAl.
3. Inl pAV pgzO OvA Jl? vv?
Y. Inl pAV pgzO OvA 1992-97.
vv:
1. Gql Ovm.
2. Yms nAhg.
3. l.
4. hSo.
5. Cpm Ov Ovm.
6. YjlA pSlv.

KS

90

4. pgzOv lg, n vw AVAf?

Y) pgzOv lg vv:
1. Yj Dln SpVfA.
2. am pgn pAVdA .
3. qOgm SAhA VfA.
4. Gql COvm pAVdA.
5. Dl Cmhv hSAVfA.
6. plO nvm.
7. n Ctl VfA.
8. A ln lAVfA.
9. Yms nAhg.
10. Chm pAVfA.
pgzOv n vv:
1. ld pAV pgzO
2. AfpAV pgzO
3. f pAV pgzO
4. mvS pAV pgzO
5. Kl pAV pgzO
6. D pAV pgzO
7. Jf pAV pgzO
8. Inl pAV pgzO
9. hl pAV pgzO
10. pl pAV pgzO
11. plOAf pAV pgzO
12. pmAf pAV pgzO

(1951-1956)
(1956-1961)
(1961-1966)
(1969-1974)
(1974-1979)
(1980-1985)
(1985-1990)
(1992-1997)
(1997-2002)
(2002-2007)
(2007-2012)
(2012-2017)

-ASA Ctl.
-qOASA Ctl.
-A Al.
-plO nvm.
-plO nvm A Al.
-plO nvm A Al.
-D Ghi
-m mv Ctl.
-ZO mA.
-qAj Cmhv hSAVfA.
- ZO ASv Ctl.
- plO nvm, Cpm Ov Ctl.

5. pgzOv Yvm , CpYw pmAf ?

Y) a. pgzOv Yv :
1. ASA Ctl VAlAl.
2. qOAS Ctl YSAl.
3. A Al lAVSwS.
4. D Ghi pSAl. m mv Ctl lAV.
5. ZO mA lAVSwS.
6. qAj Cmhv hSAVSwS.
7. ZO ASv Ctl lAVSwS.
8. odqlv, g, lh Ov pS.
9. YjlA pSAl.
10. Ch hA pSAl.
11. AOiO ASv Ctln lAV.
12. Ov, W, Ad lw nwAVSwS.
13. mv OAS nSAVsf.
14. psh ASA svpfAl. qlp, pdsfv pS.
b. pgzOv CpYv:
1. plO nvm OOv YAhA Ovl.
2. YAv Dl Cmhv CvS Gm.
3. s Agv OAS CvOvl.
4. Yms pShm Al.
5. nh EAO pS hvSqvl.
6. nlSA pShm GAl.
7. lv pShm Gm.
8. qAj Cmhv nwAVsfvl.

KS

91

,
,

66

23

23

, .

If d O
l

JZ m
l

KS

92

KS

93

V m
l
C t

O h
f x

DS

EAf

l g O

lsl

p w pm

vAO

KS

94

wt

K
O

Dp O PAf

66

U.S.A.

KS

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Success needs 99% of perspiration and 1% of inspiration
- Thomas Alva Edison
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Take up one idea. Make that one idea your life. Think of it,
dream of it, live on that idea. Let the brain, muscles, nerves, every
part of your body be full of that idea, and just leave every other
idea alone. This is the way to Success - Swamy Vivekananda.

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update .
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