VECTORS FOR GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROP DEVELOPMENT

(A REVIEW)

SOFIA MORIAM
STUDENT NO: 030713

BIOTECHNOLOGY AND GENETIC ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE

LIFE SCIENCE SCHOOL
KHULNA UNIVERSITY
KHULNA - 9208
BANGLADESH
 ABSTRACT

Until 1950s scientists were using conventional breeding system for modification of crops.
Although the scientists were successful enough for modification of crops but the problem
is, it is very time consuming process. For developing a variety it nearly takes 10-12 years.
Another problem is that the rapidly growing population in the world. The conventional
breeding systems are not enough to meet the needs of this vast population of the world.
That’s why scientists started to seek for a better option that could meet the needs of this
vast population in a better way. After conducting many researches, scientists first develop
transgenic plant in 1983 using a cloning vector named Ti plasmid. Since then cloning
vector attain a great deal of importance to the scientists. After the development of Ti
plasmid vector scientists has develop many cloning vector beside Ti plasmid viz. pUC
vector, binary and superbinary vector, co-integrated vector, yeast plasmid vector, BACs,
YACs, phages, cosmids, etc, for production of GM crops. This review has discussed
about all the vectors that are being using to date, their techniques of manipulation and
feasibility of using them as a vector. Because although proponents of genetic engineering
emphasize the benefits of more efficient production processes, improved resistance of
plants and animals to diseases, higher nutritional quality and better palatability of human
food, and reduced dependence on non-renewable resources, such applications are also
giving rise to serious concerns about the ethical issues. That’s why this review has also
discussed about the problem associated with the use of cloning vector for developing GM
crops.