Plasma Wakefield Accelerators Using Multiple Bunches Themos Kallos

Plasma Wakefield Accelerators
using Multiple Bunches

by
Themos Kallos
University of Southern California

Wednesday, May 9th 2007ad
SLAC
CERN
• SLAC: 50 GeV e- over 3km  17MV/m

• LHC : 7 TeV p+ over 27km
• ILC : 500 GeV e- over 30km, $6.5B - Too long, too expensive
•Limited by wall breakdown

Witness e-
2 c e2 n p
p  
p  0 me
Electric field
ATF SLAC
• 35 MeV/m over 1.7cm
Goals: • 50 GeV/m over 90cm

(higher I, np )
1. Monoenergetic bunches
• Energy doubling! (42 GeV84 GeV)
2. Multiply the energy
Yakimenko et al., 2003 & Blumenfeld et al., 2007
Wakefield Amplitude [MeV/m]
Wakefield and beam density, 1e+016cm-3

400
Wakefield  The transformer
E+
200 ebeam ratio is always less
than 2: E  2
0 E
E-
-200
 i.e., A small
-400
0 1 2 3 4 5 witness at best gains
Time [ps] twice the energy of a
4
Energy Spectrum after 10mm of plasma single symmetric
# of particles [100,000 total]
x 10
2 driver
Drive Bunch
1.5
Witness Bunch
1 Initial Spectrum  How can we do
Final Spectrum better?
0.5
0
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68
eBeam Energy [MeV]
λp λp
2m
50 GeV/m
100 GeV 100 GeV 200 GeV
2m
4x50 GeV/m
100 GeV 4 x 100 GeV 500 GeV

ACT II
The 2-bunch experiment
x
 2 Bunches in energy
 2 Bunches in time? E
Figure by W.Kimura Next: In time

Figures by W.Kimura 1
Fit
Bolometer signal (arb. unit s)

TRANSLATING
Detector MIRROR 0.5 .
BEAM
SPLITTER 0
MIRROR
0.5
High Energy Bunch only
CTR LIGHT 3 2 1 0 1 2 3
P osition (psec)
1
e-BEAM .
Bolometer signal (arb. unit s)

1μm Ti foil
0.5
 Corresponds to
σz1 =150fs, σz2=90fs
0
 Charge Ratio
Q1:Q2 = 2:1 0.5
Both bunches
 500fs apart 3 2 1 0 1 2 3
P osition (psec) Next: Plasma
t t0

n  n0 e T
T = 0.6μs
T = 0.3μs
(MV/m) [MeV/m]
200
Plasma OFF
W D
EAmplitude
0
Wakefield -200
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Time [ps]
4x1015 cm-3 Initial Spectra
[100,000 total]
Plasma ON
3000 Drive beam

Witness beam
# Particles
Initial
2000
Final
# of particles
1000
0
56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63
eBeam Energy [MeV]
 -1.3MeV over 6mm  -200MeV/m (Witness)

[MeV/m]
Plasma OFF
(MV/m)
W D 200
E Amplitude
0
Wakefield -200
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Time [ps]
1x1016 cm-3 Initial Spectra
[100,000 total]
Plasma ON
3000 Drive beam

# Particles
Witness beam
2000 Initial
Final
# of particles
1000
0
56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63
eBeam Energy [MeV]
 +0.9MeV over 6mm  +150MeV/m (Witness)


Plasma OFF
E (MV/m)
200
W
-200
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Time [ps]
Initial Spectra
1x1016 cm-3
Plasma ON
5000
# Particles
4000 Drive beam

Witness beam
3000 Initial
2000 Final
1000
0
56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63
eBeam Energy [MeV]
 -1.0MeV over 6mm  -165MeV/m (Witness only)
 Unloaded gradient: 165+150=315MeV/m (Driver only)

T = 0.3μs
 To be submitted to PRL
ACT III
13
x 10 IFEL Microbunched eBeam
3
eBeam Density [cm-3]
-1
3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6

Time [ps]
Next: Exp. Layout

Electron Beam Microbunches
Ipeak≈100A Ipeak≈600A
σr=75μm 45 MeV IFEL Buncher Capillary Plasma Energy
Diagnostic
1500μm
Wiggler
np=1019 cm-3
Resonant for λp=10.6μm
10.6μm
Laser Beam Requirements:
Establish
Microbunching
λ0=10.6μm, 200ps
Ppeak≈50MW
 Establish 1019 cm-3
Plasma Density
Next: IFEL
 Energy exchange between electrons and laser
E-Field
Position
dW   Energy
 e ve  Elaser
dt 2%
Energy
Energy
Energy
Position Position Position

254cm
Next: In time, CTR
FFT
The spectrum contains

all the information of the
geometry of the eBeam
Plasma Density for Various Capillary Lengths  We do not have above
60kV Discharge, 0.6mm Diameter
1019 yet…
1.06E+19 20mm
Typical
9.6E+18  Small ionization
Plasma Density [cm-3 ]
error bar
8.6E+18 16mm
7.6E+18
fractions (<10%)
6.6E+18 12mm new
pulser
5.6E+18
8mm new  Large energy density
4.6E+18
3.6E+18
pulser required…
6mm
2.6E+18
1.6E+18 4mm new
pulser
 …in very short time
6E+17
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
 Plasma current (kA)
Neutral Gas Pressure [atm]
deflects beam
 Dynamic pressure
yields lower density (2-7
times)
Photos by J.H.Chen
Encore
 If Mohamed can’t go to the mountain, the
mountain must go to Mohamed
 1019cm-3 at 10.6μm
1018cm-3 at 33.5μm
 Create ~30μm microbunches by using a metal

grid to block portions of the initial eBeam
x
z
Energy
Time
Energy
Time
Energy
Time
Distance
 350μm separation
 200μm wide (fwhm)
Add small witness bunch!
Muggli et al., 2007

 6x50pC
drivers
 λp = 50μm
 np = 4.4x1017
cm-3
Wakefield and beam density, 4e+017cm -3
400
eBeam
Wakefield
200
-200
-400
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Time [ps]
Energy Spectrum after 10mm of plasma
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68
eBeam Energy [MeV]
400
eBeam
Wakefield
200
-200
-400
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Time [ps]
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68
eBeam Energy [MeV]
400
eBeam
Wakefield
200
-200
-400
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Time [ps]
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68
eBeam Energy [MeV]
400
eBeam
Wakefield
200
-200
-400
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Time [ps]
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68
eBeam Energy [MeV]
400
eBeam
Wakefield
200
-200
-400
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Time [ps]
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68
eBeam Energy [MeV]
400
eBeam
Wakefield
200
-200
-400
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Time [ps]
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68
eBeam Energy [MeV]
Los Angeles VS ATF
85
Average Temperature [F]
75
65
55
45 LA
35 ATF
25
Time
Source: Weather.com
Thank you!
Bane et al., 1985
• The transformer ratio is 2π-times proportional to the number of plasma

wavelengths under the beam
• Not trivial to create these beams!

Next: Multiple beams
OSIRIS (Fortran) Themosiris (matlab)
Particle zpositions
i ,v i
• Quasi 2D
• No field updates
• x1000 faster

Lorentz 
dp  Force
  t  n, m , j n, m
EvB c • Plasma density scans
dt
  2n n
En, m , Bn, m  n  n , E 
t 2 t
bunch
Hγ(434nm) Hβ(486nm) Hα(656nm)
Kaganovich et al., 1997

8 Ratio of CTR harmonics vs microbunching
10
Ratio of 1st/2nd
Ratio of 1st/3rd
6
Ratio of CTR harmonics
10 Ratio of 2nd/3rd
4
10
2
10
Experiment
Data Range
0
10
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
z of each microbunch [ m]
 All 3 data sets agree around σz=0.7μm

Theory & Simulation
Wakefield Evolution @65MeV – Resonant Case
7GeV/m
1 2
The electron beam density x100 (1), the theoretical wakefield (2)
and the Osiris simulated wakefield (3) after 1mm of propagation
in the plasma. Units: 1=300GeV/m

Plasma Wakefield Accelerators Using Multiple Bunches Themos Kallos

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Plasma Wakefield Accelerators Using Multiple Bunches Themos Kallos

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Plasma Wakefield Accelerators

using Multiple Bunches

University of Southern California

• SLAC: 50 GeV e- over 3km  17MV/m

•Limited by wall breakdown

• 35 MeV/m over 1.7cm

Goals: • 50 GeV/m over 90cm

Wakefield and beam density, 1e+016cm-3

100 GeV 100 GeV 200 GeV

100 GeV 4 x 100 GeV 500 GeV

Figure by W.Kimura Next: In time

Bolometer signal (arb. unit s)

Bolometer signal (arb. unit s)

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

3000 Drive beam

 -1.3MeV over 6mm  -200MeV/m (Witness)

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

3000 Drive beam

 +0.9MeV over 6mm  +150MeV/m (Witness)

Wakefield Amplitude [MeV/m]

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

4000 Drive beam

 -1.0MeV over 6mm  -165MeV/m (Witness only)

 Unloaded gradient: 165+150=315MeV/m (Driver only)

3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6

Next: Exp. Layout

Position Position Position

The spectrum contains

 Create ~30μm microbunches by using a metal

Muggli et al., 2007

• The transformer ratio is 2π-times proportional to the number of plasma

• Not trivial to create these beams!

Kaganovich et al., 1997

 All 3 data sets agree around σz=0.7μm

You might also like