Screw

Starch
25

F2

35

45

Screw

Starch
25

CCC-MCB

35

45

Water
1.75
2.0
2.25
1.75
2.0
2.25
1.75
2.0
2.25

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

R1
0.70
0.71
0.60
0.70
0.73
0.72
0.71
0.68
0.63

R2
0.72
0.67
0.61
0.75
0.74
0.72
0.66
0.69
0.70

R3
0.73
0.64
0.73
0.73
0.65
0.67
0.79
0.69
0.67

Water
1.75
2.0
2.25
1.75
2.0
2.25
1.75
2.0
2.25

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

R1
0.58
0.52
0.54
0.70
0.65
0.64
0.59
0.53
0.51

R2
0.60
0.54
0.55
0.70
0.62
0.60
0.57
0.51
0.53

R3
0.64
0.66
0.57
0.71
0.64
0.64
0.49
0.54
0.56

Ave
0.72
0.67
0.65
0.73
0.71
0.70
0.72
0.69
0.67
0.69
Ave
0.61
0.57
0.55
0.70
0.64
0.63
0.55
0.53
0.53
0.59

Piston

Starch
25

F2

35

45

Piston

R1
0.42
0.41
0.40
0.70
0.73
0.62
0.61
0.60
0.61

R2
0.44
0.47
0.41
0.75
0.66
0.62
0.62
0.61
0.59

R3
0.43
0.42
0.45
0.63
0.65
0.63
0.64
0.61
0.58

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

R1
0.48
0.52
0.52
1.35
1.31
1.12
1.32
1.32
1.10

R2
0.40
0.52
0.51
1.35
1.26
0.92
1.45
1.31
1.14

R3
0.46
0.52
0.47
1.50
1.25
1.09
1.36
1.27
1.19

Starch
25

CCC-MCB

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

35

45

Ave
0.43
0.43
0.42
0.69
0.68
0.62
0.62
0.61
0.59
0.57
Ave
0.45
0.52
0.50
1.40
1.27
1.04
1.38
1.30
1.14
1.00

Screw

F2

R1
a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

Screw

F1B

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

IMPACT RESISTANCE
R2
R3

87.15203 72.74436 69.65812

83.90547 68.06711 75.76902
78.90213 75.03815 71.88302
81.08696 80.0485 80.8046
80.86957 80.3085 80.7046
80.08696 80.0485 80.8046
88.08696 93.0485 85.8046
87.08696 93.0485 85.8046
85.08696 93.0485 85.8046

Ave

ABRASIVE RESISTANCE
R1

Screw
76.52
75.91
75.27
80.65
80.63
80.31
88.98
88.65
87.98

IMPACT RESISTANCE
R1
R2
R3
Ave
87.20408 86.37906 92.31556
88.63
87.64045 86.52915 89.79954
87.99
90.47619 86.52174 92.77899
89.93
95.18391 94.95154 93.51701
94.55
93.73434 92.65763 90.8219
92.40
90.48583 87.77982
93.5
90.59
95.44045 95.42915 89.59954
93.49
93.83619 91.92174 92.73899
92.83
90.20761 90.20061
92.165
90.86

F2

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

Screw

F1B

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

81.97531
82.64491
79.55056
88.29287
86.05976
84.84252
93.23467
90.30928
90.30928

ABRASIVE RESISTANCE
R1
96.38009
96.26374
93.33333
98.30867
98.46154
97.40909
97.7987
99.33481
96.39481

ABRASIVE RESISTANCE
R2
R3
83.27902
82.48794
78.80086
87.87879
86.18677
87.50495
91.42259
92.58475
92.58475

Ave

83.95712
82.65897
84.81562
87.80069
89.62818
88.55422
89.41909
90.98532
90.53532

83.07048
82.59727
81.05568
87.99078
87.29157
86.96723
91.35878
91.29312
91.14312

ABRASIVE RESISTANCE
R2
R3
97.83654 96.52605
96.76026 96.33867
94.86607 92.28972
99.08467 98.61496
99.0172 97.55556
98.66062 98.0648
99.7395 98.89976
98.23789 98.24561
97.27789 98.28561

Ave
96.91423
96.45422
93.49637
98.66943
98.34476
98.04484
98.81265
98.6061
97.31944

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
R1
R2
R3

Screw

F2

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

Screw

F1B

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

0.05799 0.04833
0.05199 0.04833
0.04245 0.04198
0.05773 0.05378
0.059451 0.061247
0.05848 0.04551
0.09014 0.09531
0.08291 0.08088
0.07442 0.07174

0.04014
0.04014
0.04266
0.06081
0.05087
0.06069
0.09074
0.0857
0.07413

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
R1
R2
R3
0.1191
0.1088
0.1324
0.08589
0.0975 0.09017
0.08175 0.09249 0.08484
0.09175 0.09249 0.09484
0.08977 0.08833 0.08801
0.08698 0.08349
0.0886
0.08998 0.08949
0.0886
0.08336 0.08806
0.0898
0.08206 0.08806 0.08808

H
Ave
0.04882
0.04682
0.042363
0.0574
0.0572
0.0549
0.0921
0.0832
0.0734

H
Ave
0.1201
0.091187
0.08636
0.093027
0.088703
0.086357
0.089357
0.087073
0.086067

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
R1
R2
R3

Screw

F2

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

Screw

F1B

a1b1
a1b2
a1b3
a2b1
a2b2
a2b3
a3b1
a3b2
a3b3

0.03034
0.03464
0.03256
0.1243
0.08175
0.08511
0.06215
0.1152
0.1585

0.04188
0.03021
0.03457
0.1227
0.09786
0.09437
0.05799
0.1235
0.1565

Ave

0.03866
0.03235
0.03732
0.1418
0.07396
0.0745
0.05907
0.1161
0.1595

0.03696
0.0324
0.034817
0.1296
0.084523
0.08466
0.059737
0.118267
0.158167

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
R1
R2
R3
0.06591 0.07652 0.09893
0.4132
0.4972
0.4763
1.554
1.156
1.459
0.7375
0.6438
0.8376
0.5455
0.6639
0.5691
0.4243
0.1913
0.3224
0.6953
0.7085
0.6913
1.13
0.9291
1.003
1.195
0.9772
1.15

Ave
0.080453
0.462233
1.389667
0.739633
0.592833
0.312667
0.698367
1.0207
1.1074

MC
Wi

Wf
2250

Mci

MCf
25

4000

35
Wi

Wf
2250
2200

Mci
4000
3840

screw
dry
h20
Mci
2025
1750
2025
2000
2025
2250
2035
1750
2035
2000
2035
2250
2045
1750
2045
2000
2045
2250

MCf
4
4

46%
50%
53%
46%
50%
53%
46%
49%
52%

46
45

45

piston
dry
h20
Mci
2150
1750
2150
2000
2150
2250
2200
1750
2200
2000
2200
2250
2250
1750
2250
2000
2250
2250

45%
48%
51%
44%
48%
51%
44%
47%
50%

screw

Mci
1.75
2
2.25
1.75
2
2.25
1.75
2
2.25

piston
46
50
53
46
50
53
46
49
52

44
48
51
44
48
51
44
47
50

150

200

250

Mci
1.75
2
2.25
1.75
2
2.25
1.75
2
2.25

45
48
51
44
48
51
44
47
50

43
46
50
42
46
49
42
45
48

effect of additives on the heating value of briquettes

CRH + CS 200:2
CRH + RH 200:2
CRH + SD 200:2
CRH + Corncobs
CRH + Paper
F1B 200:2
F2:200:2

Heating Value
Thermal efficiency
2541.37
29.42
5036.83
1800
1912.46
2174.95
29.42%
25.27%
24.50%
12.29%
27.00%
23.33%
30.49%

6000
Heating Value, Kcal/kg

Additive
Coconut shell
Corncobs
Paper
Ricehull
Sawdust

5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Coconut Corncobs
shell

Heating Value

Corncobs

Paper

Ricehull Sawdust

100
100
100
100
100
80
70
% Composition

Carbonized Volatile
MaterialCombustible
Source
Ash
Matter
Fixed carbon
F1A
8.68
73
18.32
F1B
32.19
44.64
23.17
F2
10.73
74.39
14.88
F3
8.8
72.2
19
F4
8.48
76.57
14.95

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
F1A

F1B
Carbonized Material Source

Volatile Combustible Matter

Ash
Fixed carbon

F1B

F2

F3

Carbonized Material Source

F4

Proximate Chemical analysis - Carbonized Ricehull

Volatile
Fixed
Source Moisture Combustile
Ash
Carbon
Matter
F1A
2.62
8.68
73
18.32
F2
6.25
10.73
74.39
14.88
F3
4.17
9
75
16
F4
4.17
8.48
76.57
14.95
PC
29.95
7.97
38.39
53.64
ave
stdev

9.432
11.54225

8.972
67.47
23.558
1.05150844 16.30663 16.87374

90
80

100

70
60

16

50
40
30
20
10
0
Moisture

Proximate Chemical analysis - Carbonized Corn Cobs

Volatile
Fixed
Source Moisture Combustile
Ash
Carbon
Matter
F1B
9.77
10.3
6.92
82.78
TC
8.81
21.85
12.63
65.52
ave
stdev

9.29
16.075
0.678823 8.167083323

9.775
74.15
4.03758 12.20466

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Moisture

90
80
F1A
F2
F3

70
60
50

F4
PC
Volatile
Combustile
Matter

Ash

40
30

Fixed Carbon

20
10
0
Moisture

F1B
TC

Volatile
Combustile
Matter

Ash

Fixed Carbon

Volatile Combustile
Matter

F1A
F2
F3
F4
PC

Volatile Combustile
Matter

Ash

Fixed Carbon

16

9.432
8.972
67.47
23.558
11.54225 1.05150844 16.30663 16.87374
23.0845 2.103016881 32.61326 33.74748

Proximate Chemical analysis - Carbonized Corn Cobs

Volatile
Fixed
Source Moisture Combustile
Ash
Carbon
Matter
F1B
9.77
10.3
6.92
82.78
TC
8.81
21.85
12.63
65.52
ave
stdev

100

9.29
16.075
0.678823 8.167083323
0.678823 8.167083323

9.775
74.15
4.03758 12.20466
4.03758 12.20466

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Moisture

% Composition

ave
stdev
2 stdev

stdev

% Composition

Proximate Chemical analysis - Carbonized Ricehull

Volatile
Fixed
Source Moisture Combustile
Ash
Carbon
Matter
F1A
2.62
8.68
73
18.32
F2
6.25
10.73
74.39
14.88
F3
4.17
9
75
16
F4
4.17
8.48
76.57
14.95
PC
29.95
7.97
38.39
53.64

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Moisture

90
80
70
% Composition

F1A
F2
F3
F4
PC

60
50
40
30
20
10

Moisture

Volatile
Combustile
Matter

Ash

Fixed Carbon

90
80

F1B
TC

% Composition

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Moisture

Volatile
Combustile
Matter

Ash

Fixed Carbon

Moisture
Combustile

F1A
F2
F3
F4
PC

Moisture

Volatile Combustile
Matter

Ash

Fixed Carbon

F1B
TC

Volatile
Combustile
Matter

Ash

Fixed Carbon

11.67
12.14
15.23
16.89
21.72
11.38
8.49
25.29
24.41
13.66
24.88
11.1
16.41
6.10

11.67
12.14
15.23
16.89
21.72
11.38
8.49
25.29
24.41
13.66
24.88
11.1
16.41
6.10

6.33
7.55
4.56
3.49

24.33
11.12
27.89
30.17