METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

WHAT IS DATA COLLECTION ?

THE SEARCH FOR ANSWERS TO RESEARCH QUESTIONS IS CALLED COLLECTION OF DATA
DATA ARE FACTS AND OTHER RELEVANT MATERIALS,PAST AND PRESENT,SERVING AS BASES FOR STUDY AND ANALYSIS

PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION

PRIMARY DATA ARE DIRECTLY COLLECTED BY THE RESEARCHER FROM THEIR ORIGINAL RESOURCES.

DIFFERENT METHODS OF PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION OBSERVATION METHOD INTERVIEW METHOD QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD

OBSERVATION METHOD

OBSERVATION MEANS VIEWING OR SEEING.IT INVOLVES GATHERING OF DATA RELATING TO THE SELECTED RESEARCH BY VIEWING OR LISTENING. TYPES 1. PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION 2. NON-PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION 3. DIRECT OBSERVATION 4. INDIRECT OBSERVATION

OBSERVATION TOOLS AND RECORDING DEVICES SCHEDULE Operational definitions of concepts and data requirements FIELD OBSERVATION LOG Involves diaries or cards, rough notes are made at the end of the day MECHANICAL DEVICES Cameras ,tapes, video tapes ,wire recorders,closed circuit tvs light meters etc

INTERVIEW METHOD

IT IS A SYSTEMATIC CONVERSATION BETWEEN AN INVESTIGATOR AND AN INFORMANT ,TO OBTAIN INFORMATION TO A SPECIFIC STUDY .IT REQUIRES FACE TO FACE CONTACT OR TELEPHONIC SKILLS.

TYPES
STRUCTURED OR DIRECTIVE INTERVIEW UNSTRUCTURES OR NON-DIRECTIVE INTERVIEW FOCUSED INTERVIEW CLINICAL INTERVIEW

INTERVIEWING PROCESS- PREPARATION INTRODUCTION DEVELOPING RAPPORT CARRYING THE INTERVIEW FORWARD RECORDING THE INTERVIEW FORWARD CLOSING THE INTERVIEW

QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD

 A QUESTIONNAIRE IS THE MOST COMMON INSTRUMENT OF DATA COLLECTION

IT CONTAINS A SET OF QUESTIONS ,WHICH IS LOGICALLY RELATED TO THE PROBLEM UNDER THE STUDY.
QUESTIONNAIRES ARE FILLED WITH THE RESPONDENTS ITSELF.

QUESTION CONSTRUCTION-1. FACTUAL INFORMATION- Facts about the respondents sex, age , education, marital status ,religion ,caste, social status, income, occupation etc. 2. PHYCHOLOGICAL INFORMATION-Attitudes, opinions, beliefs, expectations etc. 3. BEHAVIOURAL INFORMATION-Social participation etc

FEATURES OF QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD

1.

IT OBTAINS ALL REQUIRED INFORMATION.

2. IT CONTAINS QUESTIONS RELEVANT TO THE STUDY. 3. IT CONTAINS NO SUCH QUESTION WHICH IS UNCLEAR,DOUBLE,LEADING OR UN UNIFORM. 4. IT CONTAINS NO OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS. 5. QUESTIONS ARE INTER-RELATED.