8thNGSS

MSLS31. MSLS3Heredity:InheritanceandVariationofTraits Developanduseamodeltodescribewhystructuralchangestogenes (mutations)locatedonchromosomesmayaffectproteinsandmayresultin harmful,beneficial,orneutraleffectstothestructureandfunctionofthe organism. MSLS4BiologicalEvolution:UnityandDiversity Analyzeandinterpretdataforpatternsinthefossilrecordthatdocumentthe existence,diversity,extinction,andchangeoflifeformsthroughoutthehistoryof lifeonEarthundertheassumptionthatnaturallawsoperatetodayasinthepast. Applyscientificideastoconstructanexplanationfortheanatomicalsimilarities anddifferencesamongmodernorganismsandbetweenmodernandfossil organismstoinferevolutionaryrelationships. Analyzedisplaysofpictorialdatatocomparepatternsofsimilaritiesinthe embryologicaldevelopmentacrossmultiplespeciestoidentifyrelationshipsnot evidentinthefullyformedanatomy. Constructanexplanationbasedonevidencethatdescribeshowgenetic variationsoftraitsinapopulationincreasesomeindividualsprobabilityof survivingandreproducinginaspecificenvironment. Gatherandsynthesizeinformationaboutthetechnologiesthathavechangedthe wayhumansinfluencetheinheritanceofdesiredtraitsinorganisms. Usemathematicalrepresentationstosupportexplanationsofhownatural selectionmayleadtoincreasesanddecreasesofspecifictraitsinpopulations overtime. MSESS1EarthsPlaceintheUniverse DevelopanduseamodeloftheEarthsunmoonsystemtodescribethecyclic patternsoflunarphases,eclipsesofthesunandmoon,andseasons. Developanduseamodeltodescribetheroleofgravityinthemotionswithin galaxiesandthesolarsystem. Analyzeandinterpretdatatodeterminescalepropertiesofobjectsinthesolar system. Constructascientificexplanationbasedonevidencefromrockstrataforhowthe geologictimescaleisusedtoorganizeEarths4.6billionyearoldhistory.

MSLS41.

MSLS42.

MSLS43.

MSLS44.

MSLS45. MSLS46.

MSESS11. MSESS12. MSESS13. MSESS14.

MSESS3EarthandHumanActivity MSESS34. Constructanargumentsupportedbyevidenceforhowincreasesinhuman populationandpercapitaconsumptionofnaturalresourcesimpactEarthssystems.

MSPS2MotionandStability:ForcesandInteractions MSPS21. ApplyNewtonsThirdLawtodesignasolutiontoaprobleminvolvingthemotionof twocollidingobjects.* http://swift.sonoma.edu/education/newton/newton_3/nlawpost306epo.pdf MSPS22. Plananinvestigationtoprovideevidencethatthechangeinanobjectsmotion dependsonthesumoftheforcesontheobjectandthemassoftheobject. MSPS23. Askquestionsaboutdatatodeterminethefactorsthataffectthestrengthof electricandmagneticforces. MSPS24. Constructandpresentargumentsusingevidencetosupporttheclaimthat gravitationalinteractionsareattractiveanddependonthemassesofinteracting objects. MSPS25. Conductaninvestigationandevaluatetheexperimentaldesigntoprovide evidencethatfieldsexistbetweenobjectsexertingforcesoneachothereven thoughtheobjectsarenotincontact.

MSPS31. MSPS32.

MSPS3Energy Constructandinterpretgraphicaldisplaysofdatatodescribetherelationshipsof kineticenergytothemassofanobjectandtothespeedofanobject. Developamodeltodescribethatwhenthearrangementofobjectsinteractingata distancechanges,differentamountsofpotentialenergyarestoredinthesystem.

MSPS4WavesandTheirApplicationsinTechnologiesforInformationTransfer MSPS41. Usemathematicalrepresentationstodescribeasimplemodelforwavesthat includeshowtheamplitudeofawaveisrelatedtotheenergyinawave. MSPS42. Developanduseamodeltodescribethatwavesarereflected,absorbed,or transmittedthroughvariousmaterials. MSPS43. Integratequalitativescientificandtechnicalinformationtosupporttheclaimthat digitizedsignals(sentaswavepulses)areamorereliablewaytoencodeand transmitinformation. MSETS1EngineeringDesign MSETS11. Definethecriteriaandconstraintsofadesignproblemwithsufficientprecisionto ensureasuccessfulsolution,takingintoaccountrelevantscientificprinciplesand potentialimpactsonpeopleandthenaturalenvironmentthatmaylimitpossible solutions. MSETS12. Evaluatecompetingdesignsolutionsusingasystematicprocesstodetermine howwelltheymeetthecriteriaandconstraintsoftheproblem. MSETS13. Analyzedatafromteststodeterminesimilaritiesanddifferencesamongseveral designsolutionstoidentifythebestcharacteristicsofeachthatcanbecombined intoanewsolutiontobettermeetthecriteriaforsuccess.

MSETS14. Developamodeltogeneratedataforiterativetestingandmodificationofa proposedobject,tool,orprocesssuchthatanoptimaldesigncanbeachieved.