Grade 10 Civics Exam Review

(For Brantford, Ontario)

THE IMPORTANT PEOPLE

Governor General Michaelle Jean
Prime Minister Stephen Harper
Brant M.P. Phil McColeman
Lieutenant Governor David Onley
Premier of Ontario Dalton McGuinty
Brat M.P.P. Dave Levac
Mayor (Brantford) Mike Hancock
Mayor (Brant County) Ron Eddy

Who's Who?
Kim Campbell → Canada's first female Prime Minister.

Stephane Dion → Former leader of the Liberal Party.

David Onley → The Lieutenant Governor of Ontario.

Mahatma Gandhi → Mahatma Gandhi was the first activist to fight Apartheid in South Africa. He
had also fought for human rights in India.

King Hammurabi → Created the Code of King Hammurabi, the first know written code for its city
members in c.1750 BCE Babylon.

David Suzuki → An environmental activist, scientist and broadcaster that works to educate people
about the threats to our environment and to inspire them to do something about it.

Hutu Tribe → An ethnic tribe in Rwanda which was in control of the government since
independence.

Tutsi Tribe → Another tribe in Rwanda that was also subjected to the killing of ethnic groups/people.
Dave Levac → The Brant Member of Provincial Parliament.

Sir John A. Macdonald → The first Prime Minister of Canada.

Nelson Mandela → A lawyer who created the underground movement called the African National
Congress against discrimination. He launched a campaign of sabotage against both the government and
the economic buildings and operations to get his point across.

Stephen Harper → The current Prime Minster of Canada and the leader of the Conservative Party.

Dalton McGuinty → The Premier of Ontario.

Emily Murphy/Nellie McClung → Two member's of the Famous Five. These five women were
part of what's known as the Person's Case, in which they protested for women's rights.

Oscar Schindler → A German man who saved about 1, 200 Jews by having them 'work' at his
factories.

Phil McColeman → Brant Member of Parliament.

Desmond Tutu → An Anglican Bishop who also fought against the Apartheid in Africa.

Raoul Wallenberg → A Swedish humanitarian who saved tens of thousands of Jewish lives by
issuing fake passports and housing (having them live with non-Jewish families) as many Jews as he
could.

Definitions
Apartheid → The former national policy of South Africa which called for separation between whites
and blacks.

Autocracy → Society in which there is one person as the leader who decided everything.

Human Rights → Rights based on morality – what we generally believe to be right or wrong.

Democracy → Society in which the people rule.

Laissez-faire → An informal style of government with minimal interference.

Civil Court → The protection of private rights, such as disputes between individuals or groups of
people.

Constitution → The supreme law of the land. It outlines the government structure for a nation, and
defines and limits government power.
House of Commons → The place in Ottawa, Ontario where elected representatives meet to
discuss and vote on public issues.

Cabinet → The group of ministers that decides what the government policy should be.

Executive Branch → Branch of government in which contains the leaders and the people who
carry out their orders.

Legislative Branch → Branch of government that has the power to make, change and repeal laws
(a.k.a. Parliament).

Judicial Branch → Branch of government with power to interpret the law, decide who has broken
the law and what penalties should apply.

Jurisdiction → The authority to make and carry out laws.

Genocide → The deliberate and systematic murder of a racial or cultural group.

The Holocaust → The great devastation/destruction of the Jews by the Nazis (murder of 6 million
Jews).

Ideology → Set of beliefs/values on how society's organization/goals should be pursued.

Left Wing → The Left Wing of the Political Spectrum believe in more government control, increase
social spending, small and local businesses, trying new approaches and more immigration.

Right Wing → The Right Wing of the Political Spectrum believe in less government control, paying
off the debt, big businesses and corporations, traditional approaches and less immigration.

Magna Carta → Document, which was signed in England, that stated that no one was above the law,
not even the King.

OXFAM → The Oxford Committee for Famine Relief. It is a confederation of 13 organizations

working to find lasting solutions to poverty and injustice.

Active Resistance → To Resist actively, often through militant means.

Passive Resistance → Resistance through non-violent political action

Party Platform → The proposals put forward by a political part during an election campaign.

Referendum → The process of referring a political question to the people for a direct vote (a YES or
NO question).

Rule of Law → The principle that people are governed by laws and that no person is above the law.
The Suffrage Movement → The campaign for women's right to vote. Last province to allow
women the right to vote did so in 1940.

Global Village → A term, coined by Marshal McLuhan, describing the world as one large
community in which all people are connected through technology.

Acronyms
Acronym Stands for... Description
ANC African National Congress The underground movement
created by Nelson Mandela
against the Apartheid in South
Africa.
FPTP First-Past-The-Post A style of electing officials by
having the person with the most
votes win.
MP Member of Parliament The person chosen in elections to
represent the citizens, and to
debate and vote on public issues
in Parliament.
MPP Member of Provincial An elected member of the
Parliament Legislative Assembly of Ontario,
Canada.
NGO Non-Government Organization A non-government non-profit
organization that does
international public works and
lobbies for people's rights around
the world.
PM Prime Minister The leader of the nation, head of
the federal government and
leader of the party with the
greatest number of seats in
Parliament.
UN United Nations An international organization
that promotes peace and social
well-being throughout the world.
UNICEF United Nations International UNICEF provides long-term
Children's Emergency Fund humanitarian and developmental
assistance to children and
mothers in developing countries.