The determinants of Health

Unit 2 The health and individual human development of Australias children

Define health!! Dimensions of health

Physical dimension of health Relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.

Social dimension of health

Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way.

Mental dimension of health

State of well-being in which the individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. (WHO 2008)

What determines health??

Determinants of health
Social environment (family) Biological Behavioural

Social environment (community)

Determinants of health

physical environment

The determinants of health

Biological determinants - refer to those genetic and physiological factors that affect health and individual human development. They relate to the functioning of the body and include factors such as genetics, body weight and birth weight. Biological factors do not act in isolation, and are influenced by environmental factors and health behaviours.

Biological Determinants

Bodyweight

Birthweight
1. Explain how they can have a positive impact on the physical, social and/or mental health of children 2. Explain how they can have a negative impact on the physical, social and/or mental health of children 3. Explain how they can impact on the physical, social, emotional and/or intellectual development of children.

Genetics

The determinants of health

Behavioural determinants refer to an individual's (or a group's) actions or patterns of living that affect health. A range of behaviours can influence the health and development of children, and many of these behaviours are the responsibility of parents or guardians. Children's lifestyles and the health decisions they make are largely dependent on the lifestyles of their parents, and the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs that the parents pass on to their children. Behavioural factors that affect the health and individual human development of children include

Behavioural Determinants
Oral hygiene Sun protection

Levels of physical activity

Eating habits

Vaccinations

Alcohol and drug use during pregnancy

Maternal nutrition prior to and during pregnancy

Breast feeding Prenatal smoking

The determinants of health

The physical environment refers to the surroundings in which a child lives and the accessibility to resources such as food and water. It also refers to the environmental conditions in which a child lives that impact on health and individual human development. For example, an asthma sufferer who lives in an area that has a high degree of air pollution may have a greater frequency of asthma attacks compared to an asthma sufferer who lives in an area with lower pollution levels.

Physical Environment

Tobacco smoking in the home

Housing environment

Access to recreation facilities Fluoridation of water

The determinants of health

The social environment refers to the social factors that children are exposed to that affect their health and individual human development. It includes factors such as culture, level of education, occupation, economic status, marital status of parents and relationships with immediate and extended families. Families are an important influence on the health and individual human development of children.

Social Environment (family)

Parental income

Parental employment status and occupation

Parental education Work-life balance

Parental health and disability Family stress and trauma

Parenting practices

The determinants of health

The social environment (community) of the child also includes factors that lie outside the family. Relationships with friends and community members, access to community resources, and engagement with the community are all important to a child's health and individual human development.

Social Environment (community)

Neighbourhood safety Media Access to social support

Access to preschools and schools Access to health care Access to childcare

Learning Activity: 1. Select one of the determinants of health and prepare a handout with the following information........ 1. Explain how they can have a positive impact on the physical, social and/or mental health of children 2. Explain how they can have a negative impact on the physical, social and/or mental health of children 3. Explain how they can impact on the physical, social, emotional and/or intellectual development of children.

You will present your information to the class and I will develop a booklet