Tajweed Rules

PREFACE

Assalamu alaikum. Alhamdu lillah, we have finally completed the first version of this work that provides you with charts on Rules of Tajweed. We
don’t claim to be an expert in this area but we have tried our best to develop this tajweed material by referring to few books. We believe that this material
would be useful to those who are teaching Tajweed. Also, this can be used as a reference material. In order to develop this material, we have referred to the
following books:
1. Moulana Muhammad Ibrahim Sahib Baaqavi, Hidayathus sifyan fi tajweedil Quran, Haadi Publishers, Chennai, India. [In Tamil]
2. Dr. Abdul-majid Khan, Tajwid: The art of recitation of the Holy Quran, Urdu Academy Sind, Karachi, Pakistan. [In English]
3. ‫ﻋﺰّت ﻋﺒﻴﺪ اﻟﺪﻋﺎس‬, ‫ﻦ اﻟﺘﺠﻮﻳﺪ‬
ّ ‫ﻓ‬, Dar Ibn Hajam, Beirut, Lebanon. [In Arabic]
4. Umm Muhammad, A Brief Introduction to Tajweed, Abul-Qasim Publishing House, Jeddah. [In English]

We ask Allah to forgive our shortcomings and accept our efforts. Please provide us with suggestions and/or comments for further improvement. We
acknowledge the help of many brothers and sisters in the preparation of this document. May Allah reward them all, aameen.
Please remember us and our parents in your prayers.

Contact Email: mibuhari@yahoo.com

Contact Address:
M.I. Seyed Mohamed Buhari,
24-E, Mohideen Street,
Kayalpatnam – 628 204.
Tamil Nadu. INDIA.

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 ‫ﺠﻮﻳﺪ‬‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘ‬
RULES OF TAJWEED

‫ﳐﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ‬
PLACES OF ARTICULATION
‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬
RULES OF RULES OF
LETTERS STOPPING

‫ﺍﳊﺮﻓﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻴﺸﻮﻡ‬

UVULAR NASAL CAVITY
‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ‬ CONSONANTS (NASALIZATION)
RULES OF MADD ASSIMILATION
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ‬
STOPPING AND ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﻴﺔ‬
INITIATION ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﻴﺔ‬ PHARYNGEAL
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻘﻠﺔ‬ INTER-DENTAL (THROAT)
QALQALAH CONSONANTS

‫ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﺜﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺸﺪﺩﺗﲔ‬ PUNCTUATION LABIAL (LIP)
‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ‬ ALVEO-DENTAL
MUSHADDAD NOON MARKS CONSONANTS
RULES OF LAAM
AND MEEM

‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮﻳﺔ‬

DENTAL PALATAL
‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ‬ CONSONANTS CONSONANTS
RULES OF RAA

‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳊﺎﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻟﻘﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‬ MOLAR ALVEOLAR
NOON SAKINAH AND RULES OF MEEM TONGUE CONSONANTS
TANWEEN SAKINAH

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 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ‬
THE RULES OF LETTERS

‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ‬
RULES OF RULES OF RULES OF MEEM RULES OF NOON RULES OF
ASSIMILATION MADD SAKINAH SAKINAH AND TANWEEN LAAM

‫ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺍﳌﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﲔ‬ ITH-HAAR SHAFAWI ITH-HAAR ‫ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌ‬
IDENTICAL LAAM OF
DERIVED MADD
LETTERS VERB
‫ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺪ ﺍﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌ‬ IDGHAAM SHAFAWI IDGHAAM
‫ﺍﳌﺘﺠﺎﻧﺴﲔ‬ NATURAL MADD
SAME PLACE OF
‫ﺍﻹﺧﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻻﻡ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﻟﺔ‬
ARTICULATION
IKHFAA SHAFAWI IKHFAA LAAM JALALAH

‫ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﻼﺏ‬
CLOSE PLACE OF IQLAAB
ARTICULATION

‫ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬
LAAM TA'RIF
‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ‬
THE RULES OF LETTERS [Contd ...]

‫ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮﻳﺔ‬

LAAM LAAM
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺸﺪﺩﺗﲔ‬ SHAMSIYYAH QAMARIYYAH
‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ‬
RULES OF RULES OF
RULES OF RAA
QALQALAH MUSHADDAD NOON
AND MEEM

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 WAYS TO START RECITING
SURAHS

PERMITTED WAYS
TO RECITE

READ ‫ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ‬, ‫ﺫ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮ‬ READ ‫ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ‬, ‫ﺫ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮ‬ READ ‫ﺫ‬‫ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮ‬SEPARATELY.

READ ‫ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ‬, ‫ﺫ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮ‬
AND ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬ JOINTLY AND ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬ THEN ‫ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ‬AND ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬
AND ‫ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬JOINTLY
SEPARATELY SEPARATELY JOINTLY

WAYS OF RECITING SURAHS

CONTINUOUSLY

WAY NOT
PERMITTED WAYS
PERMITTED TO
TO RECITE
RECITE

READ CURRENT ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬, READ CURRENT ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬,

READ CURRENT ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬,
‫ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ‬AND NEXT ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬
SEPARATELY
READ CURRENT ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ‬AND NEXT ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ‬JOINTLY AND
SEPARATELY. THEN ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ‬
JOINTLY NEXT ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬
AND NEXT ‫ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬JOINTLY
SEPARATELY

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 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ‬
RULES FOR READING CHARACTERS THAT APPEAR AFTER NOON SAKINAH OR
TANWEEN

‫ـ‬
ٍ ً‫ ـٌ ـ‬, ‫ﹾﻥ‬
NOON SAKINAH OR TANWEEN

‫ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ‬

ITH-HAAR IKHFAA IQLAAB IDGHAAM

(USE NOSE) (CONVERT ‫ ﻥ‬OR

(READ CLEARLY) (Assimilation of one
TANWEEN TO ‫)ﻡ‬
letter into another)
‫ﺕﺙﺝﺩﺫﺯﺱﺵﺹﺽﻁﻅ ﻑ‬
‫ﺀﻩﺡﺥﻉﻍ‬ ‫ﻱﺭﻡﻝﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻕﻙ‬ ‫ﺏ‬

‫ﻥ‬‫ﻨﹶﺄﻭ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ , ‫ﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻮﻝﹲ ﺃ ِﻣ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻬ ﹸﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
 ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻮﻡ‬ ‫ ﹶﻗ‬, ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻌ ﹸﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﺗ ﹾﻔ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﹶﻟ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺼ‬
ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺧِﺒ‬ , ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺗﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺇﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‬ OR ‫ﺇﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬

Exceptions in Idghaam:
1. Idghaam does not apply in one word [‫ ﻳﺲ‬and ‫] ﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﻏﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻏﻨﺔ‬
(With Stress)
‫ واﻟ ﻘﺮأن اﻟﺤﻜ ﻴﻢ‬O ‫ﻳﺲ‬ (Without Stress)
‫ واﻟ ﻘﻠﻢ وﻣﺎ ﻳﺴ ﻄﺮون‬O ‫ن‬
‫ﻱﻭﻡﻥ‬
‫ﺭﻝ‬
2. Idghaam does not apply if there is sakta between the words
‫ﻕ‬
ٍ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻦ ﺭ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻴ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ ِﻗ‬

3. If ‫ ﻭ‬OR ‫ ﻱ‬appears in same word after ‫ ﹾﻥ‬, Read clearly (‫)ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣ ْﻴ ٌﻢ‬
ِ ‫ﻏ ُﻔ ْﻮ ٌر َر‬
َ,‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻦ َﻟ ُﺪ ْﻧ‬ْ ‫ِﻣ‬
‫ﺐ‬
 ‫ﻭﹶﻟ ِﻌ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺰﻭ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ , ‫ﺍ ٍﻝ‬‫ﻦ ﻭ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺭ ِﺣ‬ ‫ﻮﺭ‬ ‫ ﹶﻏ ﹸﻔ‬, ‫ﻚ‬
 ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻦ ﹶﻟﺪ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬
‫ﺍﻥﹲ‬‫ﻨﻮ‬ ‫ﺎ ِﻗ‬‫ﻧﻴ‬‫ﺩ‬

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 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‬
RULES FOR READING CHARACTERS THAT APPEAR AFTER MEEM SAKINAH

‫ﻡ‬
MEEM SAKINAH

‫ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺷﻔﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻔﺎﺀ ﺷﻔﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺷﻔﻮﻱ‬

ITH-HAAR SHAFAWI IKHFAA SHAFAWI IDGHAAM SHAFAWI

(READ CLEARLY) (USE NOSE, WITH ‫ﻣﻊ ﻏﻨﺔ‬

STRESS) (With Stress)
OTHER LETTERS
EXCEPT ‫ﺏ & ﻡ‬ ‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﻡ‬

‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﹶﻟ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻢ ِﺑ ِﻬ‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﺑ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻢ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻦ ﹶﻛ ﱠﻠ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬

‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺸﺪﺩﺗﲔ‬

RULES OF MUSHADDAD NOON
AND MEEM

READ ‫ ﹼﻥ‬AND ‫ﻡ‬ WITH STRESS,

EVEN WHILE STOPPING

For Noon Shaddah: ‫ﺎ ﱞﻥ‬‫ ﺟ‬, ‫ﺎﺱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨ‬‫ﻨ ِﺔ ﻭ‬‫ﳉ‬

ِ ‫ﻦ ﺍ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬

For Meem Shaddah: ‫ﺎ‬‫ ﹶﻟﻤ‬, ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ُﹸﺛ‬

6
 RULES FOR READING QALQALAH CHARACTERS THAT APPEAR WITH
SUKUN: READ WITH ECHO SOUND

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻘﻠﺔ‬
QALQALAH

‫ﻗﻄﺐ ﺟﺪ‬

‫ﻛﱪﻯ‬
‫ﺻﻐﺮﻯ‬
[STRONG ECHO]
[WEAK ECHO]
IF ANYONE OF THE QALQALAH
IF ANYONE OF THE QALQALAH
CHARACTERS WITH SUKUN
CHARACTERS WITH SUKUN APPEARS
APPEARS AT THE END OF A WORD
IN THE MIDDLE OF A WORD
AND WHEN WE STOP AT IT

‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ِﻣ ﹾﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻕ‬

 ‫ﻴﺜﹶﺎ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬

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 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ‬
RULES OF IDGHAAM

‫ﺇﺩﻏﺎﻡ‬
IDGHAAM

IF SUKUN IS FOLLOWED
BY -ِ OR -ُ OR -َ

‫ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺠﺎﻧﺴﲔ‬

MUTAMAATHILAIN MUTAQARIBAIN MUTAJANISAIN

IF THE SUKUN LETTER IF THE SUKUN LETTER

IF THE SUKUN LETTER
AND THE NEXT LETTER AND THE NEXT LETTER
AND THE NEXT LETTER
ARE DIFFERENT BUT ARE DIFFERENT BUT
ARE SAME
WITH CLOSE-BY ORIGIN WITH SAME ORIGIN

‫ﺎ‬‫ﺿﺒ‬
ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻐ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
 ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ِﺇ ﹾﺫ ﱠﺫ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹸﻗ ﹾﻞ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ِﺇ ﹾﺫ ﱠﻇ ﹶﻠ‬

Exceptions in Idhgaam:There will be no merger

1. If both identical letters are with harakah
‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻤ ِﻌ ِﻬ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺐ ِﺑ‬
 ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﹶﺫ‬ If the letters of Madd are Leen letters [‫ ﻱ‬or ‫ﻭ‬
preceeded by fathah], then there will be a complete
2. If both letters are letters of Madd [ ‫ ﻭ‬and ‫] ﻱ‬ merger without nasalization
‫ﺎﺭﻯ‬‫ﻨﺼ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺍ ﻭ‬‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻧﻮ‬‫ﻭﻛﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺼﻮ‬
 ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ ِﺑﻤ‬is pronounced as ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻧﻮ‬‫ﻮ ﹶﻛَﺎ‬ ‫ﺼ‬
 ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ِﺑﻤ‬

3. If there is a sakta between two identical letters

‫ﻚ‬
 ‫ﻫ ﹶﻠ‬ ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺎِﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬

8
 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ‬
RULES FOR READING 'RAA' DUE TO CHARACTERS OR HARAKAH THAT APPEAR
ON OR BEFORE OR AFTER IT

‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ‬
RULES OF 'RAA'

BOTH TYPE
‫ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻖ‬
STRONG &
STRONG SOFT
SOFT

1. RAA WITH FATHAH OR DHAMMAH OR FATHATAIN OR 1. RAA WITH KASRAH OR KASRATAIN [ ‫ ٍﺭ‬, ‫] ِﺭ‬
DHAMMATAIN [ ‫ﺭ ﺭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ]
2. SAME AS 1ST POINT BUT WITH SHADDAH [ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ] 2. SAME AS 1ST POINT BUT WITH SHADDAH [ ‫ﺭ‬ , ‫ﺭ‬ ]
3. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS EITHER
WITH DHAMMAH OR FATHAH [ ‫ﺭ‬ َ‫ ـ‬, ‫ﺭ‬ ُ‫] ـ‬ 3. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH
4. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH KASRAH [ ‫ﺭ‬ ِ‫] ـ‬
SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE THAT IS WITH FATHAH
OR DHAMMAH [ ‫ﺭ‬ ْ‫ ـَ ـ‬, ‫ﺭ‬ ْ‫] ـُ ـ‬ 4. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH
5. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE THAT IS WITH
TRUE KASRAH AND THE LETTER AFTER RAA IS ANYONE OF KASRAH [ ‫ﺭ‬ ْ‫] ـِ ـ‬
THESE CHARACTERS (‫ )ﺥ ﺹ ﺽ ﻍ ﻁ ﻅ ﻕ‬CALLED AS ‫ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻌﻼﺀ‬
6. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH 5. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS ‫ﻱ‬
TEMPORARY KASRAH [ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫] ِﺍ‬ WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE THAT IS WITH
FATHAH [ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
 َ‫] ـ‬
6. THE WORD ‫ﳎﺮﻫﺎ‬

1. ‫ﻕ‬‫ ِﻓﺮ‬-- PREFER SOFT

‫ﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ , ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ ِﺳ‬, ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﻨ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﺩ ِّﺭ‬ , ‫ﺎﻝﹲ‬‫ِﺭﺟ‬
2. ‫ ﺍﻟ ِﻘﻄﹾﺮ‬-- PREFER SOFT
‫ﻀﻰ‬‫ﺭﺗ‬ ‫ ِﺍ‬, ‫ﺮ َﹶﻗ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ ِﻓ‬, ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ ﹶﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ‬, ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﹶﺍﹾﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺧﻴ‬ , ‫ﺮ‬‫ ِﺣﺠ‬, ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻧ ِﺬ‬‫ﹶﺍ‬
3. ‫ﺮ‬‫ ِﻣﺼ‬-- PREFER STRONG

9
 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ‬
RULES FOR READING LAAM

‫ﻻﻡ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﻟﺔ‬

LAAM IN THE WORD ‫ﺍﷲ‬ LAAM IN WORDS
OTHER THAN ‫ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻖ‬
SOFT
‫ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻖ‬
STRONG SOFT

‫ ـَ ﺍﷲ‬OR ‫ـُ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ـِ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ ﹸﻛﱡﻠ‬, ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﻭﱠﻟ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬

IF FATHAH OR DHAMMAH IF KASRAH APPEARS

APPEARS BEFORE ‫ﺍﷲ‬ BEFORE ‫ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺩ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺭ‬, ‫ ﺍﷲ‬‫ﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺭ ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﺪ ِﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺤ‬

 ‫ ﹶﺍﹾﻟ‬, ‫ﺴ ِﻢ ﺍﷲ‬
 ‫ِﺑ‬
‫ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
LAAM OF VERB
‫ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬
LAAM TA'RIF

READING LAAM WITH OTHER

CHARACTERS Pronounced as ‫ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬, if at Pronounced as ‫ ﺇﺩﻏﺎﻡ‬, if
the beginning or middle of followed by raa or laam
the verb
‫ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮﻳﺔ‬
LAAM SHAMSIYYAH LAAM QAMARIYYAH
LAAM IS NOT LAAM IS ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺘ ﹶﻘﺘ‬‫ﻴ ِﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ِﻓﹶﺌ‬ ‫ﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺭ ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﺑ ﹾﻞ‬ is pronounced
PRONOUNCED PRONOUNCED as ‫ﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺮ ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﺑ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻌ ﹾﻠﻨ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ , ‫ﺎ‬‫ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠﻨ‬

‫ﺕﺙﺩﺫﺭﺯﺱﺵﺹﺽﻁﻅﻝﻥ‬ ‫ﺏﺝﺡﺥﻉﻍﻑﻕﻙﻡﻭﻩﻱﺀ‬ Exception: No Idghaam if

there is sakata

‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟ ﱡﻄﻮ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺼﻴ‬

ِ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﹶﺍﹾﻟ‬ ‫ﺍ ﹶﻥ‬‫ﺑ ﹾﻞ ﺭ‬ ‫ﻼ‬
‫ﹶﻛ ﱠ‬

10
 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ‬
RULES FOR READING ALIF

READING ALIF

‫ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻖ‬
STRONG SOFT

IF CHARACTERS OTHER
IF ANYONE OF THE ‫ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻌﻼﺀ‬
THAN ‫ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻌﻼﺀ‬
CHARACTERS (‫)ﺥ ﺹ ﺽ ﻍ ﻁ ﻅ ﻕ‬
CHARACTERS APPEAR
APPEAR BEFORE ALIF, READ
BEFORE ALIF, READ ALIF
ALIF STRONGLY
SOFTLY

‫ﻋﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺴﻰ‬

11
 ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌ‬
RULES FOR READING MADD CHARACTERS [1]

‫ﻭ‬ ُ‫ ـ‬, ‫ﻱ‬

 ِ‫ ـ‬, ‫ـَ ﹾﺍ‬

RULES OF MADD

1. MADD SHOULD NOT BE

FOLLOWED BY SUKUN [ ْ‫] ـ‬
OR HAMZAH [‫]ﺀ‬ ‫ﺪ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
2. READ AS ONE ALIF NATURAL MADD DERIVED MADD
3. OTHER NAMES: 'JAATI'
OR 'TABAYI'

‫ﺪ ﺑﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪ ﻋﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬

MADD BADAL MADD IWADH MADD SHOULD BE
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﻭِﺗ‬ ‫ﹸﺍ‬ FOLLOWED BY SUKUN
MADD LETTER IS ALIF REPLACES [ ْ‫ ] ـ‬OR HAMZAH [‫]ﺀ‬
PRECEEDED BY FATHATAIN WHEN
HAMZAH ONE STOPS ON IT

‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻭِﺗ‬ ‫ ﺍﹸ‬, ‫ ﺇﳝﺎﻥ‬, ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺁ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﺟ‬‫ ﺃ ﹾﻓﻮ‬IS READ AS ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﺟ‬‫ﺃ ﹾﻓﻮ‬

‫ﺼﻞ‬‫ﺪ ﻣﺘ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪ ﻋﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬

MADD MUTTASIL MADD MUNFASIL MADD LAAZIM MADD AARIDH

1.MADD IS FOLLOWED 1. MADD IS FOLLOWED BY 1. MADD IS FOLLOWED

BY HAMZAH IN SAME HAMZAH IN DIFFERENT 1. MADD IS FOLLOWED
BY TEMPORARY SUKUN
WORD WORD BY SUKUN ASLI [REAL
2. READ AS ANYONE OF
2. READ AS 4 TO 5 ALIF 2. READ AS 2 TO 4 ALIF SUKUN]
THREE TYPES [Refer next
3. OTHER NAME: 'MADD 3. OTHER NAME: 'MADD 2. READ AS 3 TO 5 ALIF
page]
WAJIB' JAIZ'

Contd ...
‫ﺎ َﺀ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﻬ‬‫ﺍ ِﺍ‬‫ﻗﹶﺎﹸﻟﻮ‬

12
 ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌ‬
RULES FOR READING MADD CHARACTERS [2]

‫ﺪ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
MADD LAAZIM

‫ﻛﻠﻤﻰ ﻣﺜﻘﹼﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻰ ﳐﻔﹼﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﰱ ﻣﺜﻘﹼﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﰱ ﳐﻔﹼﻒ‬

KALIMA MUTHAQQAL KALIMA MUKHAFFAF HARFI MUTHAQQAL HARFI MUKHAFFAF

SHADDAH APPEARS SUKUN APPEARS SHADDAH APPEARS ON ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ SUKUN APPEARS ON ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
AFTER ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ ﻣ‬IN ONE WORD AFTER ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ ﻣ‬IN ONE WORD IN ONE CHARACTER IN ONE CHARACTER
ّ ‫ﻣﺪ‬
- ْ ‫ﻣﺪ‬
-

‫ﺔ‬‫ﺩﺍﺑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺌﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺹ‬

ONLY PLACE

‫ﺪ ﻋﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
MADD AARIDH
READING IN ANYONE TYPE IS
OUR CHOICE [BE CONSISTENT]

Exception: The word ‫ ﺍﱂ‬in ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬

CHANGE ‫ﻮ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ ﹾﻔ ِﻠﺤ‬‫ ﻣ‬TO ‫ﻮ ﹾﻥ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﻣ ﹾﻔ ِﻠ‬ can be read with or without ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬

‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻝ‬

QASR TAWASSUT TOOL

READ AS ONE ALIF READ AS 2 OR 3 ALIF READ AS 5 ALIF

13
 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﻟﲔ‬
RULES OF HURUF LEEN

‫ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﻟﲔ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻥ ﻗﻄﲏ‬
HURUF LEEN
NOON QUTNI
‫ﻱ‬
 َ‫ ـ‬, ‫ﻭ‬ َ‫ـ‬

IF SUKUN APPEARS AFTER

‫ﺪ ﻟﲔ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪ ﻟﲔ ﻋﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ TANWEEN, THEN:
MADD LEEN MADD LEEN 1. CHANGE TANWEEN TO KASRAH
LAAZIM AARIDH 2. ADD A NOON WITH KASRAH
BETWEEN THEM

1. HURUF LEEN IS FOLLOWED

1. HURUF LEEN IS FOLLOWED
BY TRUE SUKUN ‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﺰ ِﺓ ِﻥ ﺍﱠﻟ ِﺬ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻟﹸ‬
BY TEMPORARY SUKUN
2. READ AS ‫ ﻗﺼﺮ‬OR ‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬OR ‫ﻃﻮﻝ‬.
2. READ AS ‫ ﻗﺼﺮ‬OR ‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬OR ‫ﻃﻮﻝ‬
BUT ‫ ﻃﻮﻝ‬IS BETTER
Exception:
ONLY TWO PLACES 1. IF WE STOP AT TANWEEN,
‫ ﺑﻴﺖ‬, ‫ﻣﻮﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺴﻖ‬, ‫ﻛﻬﻴﻌﺺ‬ THERE IS NO NOON QUTNI

2. IN ‫ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ‬, STOPPING IS

BETTER

14
 ‫ﻠﺔ‬‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺼ‬
RULES OF SILAH

Exception: IF ‫ ﻱ‬WITH SUKUN APPEARS

Exception: NO ‫ ﺻﻠﺔ‬BECAUSE THEY BEFORE ‫ ﻩ‬, READ ‫ ﻩ‬WITH KASRAH
ARE NOT ‫ ﻩ‬BUT PART OF THE BUT WITHOUT ELONGATION
WORD ITSELF
SILAH MEANS READING ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻴ ِﻪ‬ ‫ِﻓ‬
‫ ﻧﻔﻘﻪ‬IN SURAH ‫ﻫﻮﺩ‬ ELONGATEDLY LIKE ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
‫ ﻓﻮﺍﻛﻪ‬IN SURAH ‫ﻣﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ‬ BUT READ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺎﻧ‬‫ﻣﻬ‬ ‫ﻴ ِﻪ‬ ‫ ِﻓ‬WITH
‫ ﱂ ﺗﻨﺘﻪ‬IN SURAH ‫ﻣﺮﱘ‬ ELONGATION

‫ﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻭ‬

SILAH BIL YAH SILAH BIL WAV

Exception: IF ‫ ﱂ‬APPEARS
Exception: DHAMMAH OF BEFORE ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬, THEN ‫ ﻱ‬AT THE
‫ ﻩ‬IS NOT ELONGATED IF KASRAH COMES END WILL BE REMOVED.
IF FATHAH OR
BEFORE ‫ ﻩ‬, READ SO, THERE IS NO
DHAMMAH COMES
‫ﻢ‬ ‫ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ‬‫ﺿﻪ‬
 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﺸ ﹸﻜ‬
 ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺇ ﹾﻥ‬‫ﻭ‬ LIKE ‫ ﻱ‬OF ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ELONGATION
BEFORE ‫ ﻩ‬, READ LIKE ‫ﻭ‬
IN SURAH ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬ OF ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
‫ ﱂ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬IS READ AS ‫ﱂ ﻳﻨﺘﻪ‬

‫ِﺑ ِﻪ‬ ‫ﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬

Exception: IFANYTHING EXCEPT ‫ﻱ‬ Exception: SUKUN APPEARS Exception: DHAMMAH APPEARS ON ‫ﻩ‬
WITH SUKUN APPEARS BEFORE ‫ ﻩ‬, ON ‫ ﻩ‬INSTEAD OF KASRAH INSTEAD OF KASRAH
READ ‫ ﻩ‬WITH DHAMMAH
‫ﻪ‬ ‫ ﺃﺭﺟ‬IN SURAH ‫ﺃﻋﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺎﻧِﻴﻪ‬‫ﻧﺴ‬‫ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃ‬IN SURAH ‫ﻛﻬﻒ‬
‫ﻨﻪ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ ﻓﹶﺄﹾﻟ ِﻘ‬IN SURAH ‫ﳕﻞ‬
‫ﻪ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ ﻋﻠﻴ‬IN SURAH ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬

GENERAL RULE: IF A LETTER WITH SUKUN APPEARS BEFORE ‫ﻩ‬, THEN WE WON'T READ
ELONGATEDLY

15
 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ‬
RULES OF HAMZAH

RULES OF HAMZAH

‫ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﳘﺰﺓ ﻗﻄﻊ‬

HAMZAH WASL HAMZAH QATH

1. IF A WORD STARTS WITH SUKUN, WE 1. THIS HAMZAH IS PART OF THE

ADD A HAMZAH TO IT WORD
2. THIS HAMZAH IS TEMPORARY HAMZAH 2. IF THIS HAMZAH APPEARS
3. IF THIS HAMZAH APPEARS BETWEEN BETWEEN TWO WORDS, IT WILL BE
TWO WORDS, THEN IT WILL NOT BE READ READ

‫ﺐ‬
 ‫ﻓﹶﺎ ﹾﻃ ﹸﻠ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻬ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻧ ﹶﺬ‬‫َﺀﹶﺍ‬

IF ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ‬BEGINS WITH ‫ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞ‬ IF THE WORD BEGINS WITH IF ‫ ﺍﺳﻢ‬BEGINS WITH
IF ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ‬BEGINS WITH ‫ ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞ‬AND
AND THIRD LETTER OF THE DEFINITE ARTICLE ‫ ﺍﻝ‬, THEN ‫ ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞ‬, THEN
THIRD LETTER OF THE WORD IS
WORD IS FATHAH OR FATHAH IS GIVEN TO KASRAH IS GIVEN
DHAMMAH, THEN DHAMMAH IS
KASRAH, THEN KASRAH IS HAMZAH TO HAMZAH
GIVEN TO HAMZAH
GIVEN TO HAMZAH

‫ ﺍﳌﹶﺎ ﹸﻝ‬is read as ‫ﹶﺍﳌﹶﺎ ﹸﻝ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻧ ِﻔﻄﹶﺎ‬‫ﺭ ِﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧِﺘﺸ‬‫ ِﺍ‬‫ﺑﻦ‬‫ﻴ ِﻦ ِﺍ‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ِﺍ‬
‫ﺢ‬
 ‫ﺘ‬‫ ﺍ ﹾﻓ‬is read as ‫ﺢ‬‫ِﺍ ﹾﻓﺘ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻧ ﹸﻈ‬‫ ﹾﺍ‬is read as ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻧ ﹸﻈ‬‫ﹸﺍ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ ﺍﱠﻟ ِﺬ‬is read as ‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﹶﺍﱠﻟ ِﺬ‬ ‫ﻨ ﹲﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺍﺓﹲ ِﺍ‬‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻦ ِﺍ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻨ‬‫ ِﺍﹾﺛ‬‫ﺳﻢ‬ ‫ِﺍ‬

16

IF THE LETTER WITH
SUKUN IN THE FIRST
WORD IS A MADD
LETTER, THIS MADD
LETTER IS REMOVED
‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺍ ﺍ ﹾﻟ‬‫ﻭﻗﹶﺎﹸﻟﻮ‬
AMONG TWO WORDS, IF THE
FIRST WORD ENDS WITH
SUKUN AND THE SECOND
WORD STARTS WITH SUKUN
IF THE LETTER WITH SUKUN
IF THE LETTER WITH IF THE LETTER WITH
IN THE FIRST WORD IS NOT
SUKUN IN THE FIRST SUKUN IN THE FIRST
MADD AND NOT ‫ ﻥ‬FROM ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬
WORD IS NOT A MADD WORD IS ‫ ﻥ‬FROM ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬
[ZAR], THEN READ THE
LETTER, THEN READ ‫ﻡ‬ [ZAR], READ THE ‫ﻥ‬
SUKUN LETTER WITH
OR ‫ ﻭ‬WITH DHAMMAH WITH FATHAH
KASRAH
‫ﻠ ﹶﻠ ﹶﺔ‬‫ ﺍﻟﻀ‬‫ﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ِﺍ‬ ‫ﻦ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﻴ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﹸ ِﻢ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ‬
EXCEPTION:
‫ ﺍ ﱠﱂ ﺍﷲ‬IN ‫ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬SHOULD
BE READ WITH FATHAH
17
 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬
RULES OF STOPPING

RULES FOR ENDING A

SENTENCE

CHANGE FATHAH OR CHANGE FATHATAIN

DHAMMAH OR KASRAH CHANGE ‫ ﺓ‬TO ‫ﻩ‬
TO ALIF
OR DHAMMATAIN OR
KASRATAIN TO SUKUN

STOP ‫ﲔ‬
 ‫ ﻧﺴﺘﻌ‬AS ‫ﲔ‬
 ‫ﻧﺴﺘﻌ‬ STOP ‫ﺍ‬‫ ﺍﺣﺪ‬AS ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﺣﺪ‬ STOP ‫ﻠﻮﺓ‬‫ ﺍﹶﻟﺼ‬AS ‫ﻠﻮﻩ‬‫ﺍﹶﻟﺼ‬

STOP ‫ﻴ ٍﻢ‬ ‫ﺭ ِﺣ‬ ‫ﺏ‬

 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ ِﻣ‬AS ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺭ ِﺣ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ِﻣ‬
NOTATIONS IN HOLY
QURAN

1. STOP AT ONE :. STOP AND OBSERVE AS

PREFERRED
MUST STOP MUST NOT PREFERRED AND NOT AT NON-STOP PREVIOUS
NON-STOP
STOP TO STOP ANOTHER :. ARE SAME SYMBOL IN
O or ‫ ﻩ‬or ‫ ﻡ‬or ‫ﻁ‬ 2. DIFFERENT THE AAYAH
‫ ﺯ‬or ‫ﺯ‬-‫ ﺝ‬or ‫ ﻕ‬or
or ‫ ﺳﻜﺔ‬or ‫ﻭﻗﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﻒ‬ OPINION PERSISTS ‫ ﺝ‬or ‫ ﺹ‬or [‫ﻻ‬
‫ ﺻﻠﻰ‬or ‫ﺻﻞ‬
FOR ‫ﻓﻼ‬ above O or ‫]ﻩ‬ ‫ﻙ‬

GENERAL RULE:
1. ‫ ﺟﱪﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬STOPPED AT ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻭﻗﻒ ﻣﻨﺠ‬ 1. WE MUST STOP AT ‫ م‬. IF NOT, THE MEANING WILL CHANGE.
2. PREFER STOPPING AT 2. FOR NOTATIONS OTHER THAN ‫م‬: IF YOU ARE NOT ABLE TO READ CONTINUOUSLY,
‫ﻭﻗﻒ ﻏﻔﺮﺍﻥ‬ YOU CAN STOP AT ANY PLACE. BUT WHILE CONTINUING, WE SHOULD REPEAT ONE OR
3. PREFER NON-STOP AT TWO WORDS PRECEEDING THE PLACE AT WHICH WE STOPPED.
‫ﻭﻗﻒ ﻛﻔﺮﺍﻥ‬

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 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺳﻜﺘﺔ‬
RULES OF SAKTA

SAKTA: STOP THE SOUND BUT

DON'T BREAK THE BREATH

‫ ﻋﻮﺟﹰﺎ‬IN SURAH ‫ﻛﻬﻒ‬

‫ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﺪﻧﺎ‬IN SURAH ‫ﻳﺲ‬

‫ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ‬IN SURAH ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫ﻼ ﺑﻞ‬
‫ ﻛ ﹼ‬IN SURAH ‫ﺗﺘﻔﻴﻒ‬

ACCORDING TO SOME
SCHOLARS

‫ﻚ‬
 ‫ﻫ ﹶﻠ‬ ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺎِﻟ‬‫ ﻣ‬IN SURAH ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻗﺔ‬

GENERAL RULE: THERE IS NO SAKTA

AT THE POINT OF STOPPING

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 ‫ﳐﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ‬
THE PLACES OF ARTICULATION

‫ﳐﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ‬
THE PLACES OF ARTICULATION

‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳊﺎﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻓﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻴﺸﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ‬

‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﻴﺔ‬
MOLAR PALATAL UVULAR NASAL CAVITY ORAL CAVITY
PHARYNGEAL
CONSONANT CONSONANTS CONSONANTS (NASALIZATION) (VOWELS)
(THROAT)
CONSONANTS
‫ﺽ‬ ‫ﺝﺵﻱ‬ ‫ﻙﻕ‬ ‫ﻡﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻱ‬

‫ﺃﺩﱏ ﺍﳊﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻂ ﺍﳊﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺍﳊﻠﻖ‬

LOWER THROAT MIDDLE THROAT UPPER THROAT

‫ﺥﻍ‬ ‫ﺡﻉ‬ ‫ﺀﻩ‬

‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﺜﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻟﻘﻴﺔ‬
LABIAL (LIP) INTER-DENTAL ALVEO-DENTAL DENTAL ALVEOLAR
CONSONANTS CONSONANTS CONSONANTS CONSONANTS CONSONANTS

‫ﺏﻑﻡﻭ‬ ‫ﺯﺱﺹ‬ ‫ﺙﺫﻅ‬ ‫ﺕﺩﻁ‬ ‫ﻝﺭﻥ‬

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