Chapter #5: Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution Big Picture Themes 1.

. The Americans were very diverse for that time period. New England was largely from English background, New York was Dutch, Pennsylvania was German, the Appalachian frontier was Scots-Irish, the southern coast African-American and English, and there were spots of French, Swiss, and Scots-Highlanders. 2. Although they came from different origins, the ethnicities were knowingly or what mingling and melting together into something called Americans. 3. Most people were farmers, an estimated 90%. The northern colonies held what little industry America had at the time: shipbuilding, iron works, rum running, trade, whaling, fishing. The south dealt with crops, slaves, and naval stores. 4. There were two main Protestant denominations: the Congregational Church up north, and the Anglican Church down south. Both were established meaning tax money went to the church. Poised for growth were the backwoods faiths of the Baptists and Methodists that grew by leaps thanks to the Great Awakening. IDENTIFICATIONS: Great Awakening Began in the 1730s to the 1740s and was the revival of religious beliefs___________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ George Whitefield Orator with a rare gift who was a part of revival meetings. Talked of human helplessness and___ divine omnipotence. Credited for the start of the Great Awakening and a leader of the New____ Lights________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Jonathan Edwards Believed in salvation through good works and affirmed the need for complete dependence on_ Gods grace. Credited for beginning the Great Awakening in Northampton, Massachusett____ ____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________

New Lights a religious movement created during the Great Awakening to break away from the Church of England_____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ Old Lights The established congregational church_______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Age of Reason/Enlightenment A movement in the colonies that started to break the bonds between the church and the state as well as religion and science_______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ John Peter Zenger A newspaper printer that was involved in a legal case whose victory was a win for freedom of__ press. He was defended by Andrew Hamilton _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ GUIDED READING QUESTIONS: Conquest by the Cradle Know: Thirteen Original Colonies 1. What was the significance of the tremendous growth of population in Britain's North American colonies? The tremendous growth of population in the American colonies caused a shift in the balance of power between the colonies and Britain.

A Mingling of Races Know: Pennsylvania Dutch, Scots-Irish, Paxton Boys, Regulator Movement 2. What was the significance of large numbers of immigrants from places other than England? The large number of immigrants from places other than England caused the Americas to become a large melting pot of culture and languages

The Structure of Colonial Society Know: Social Mobility 3. Assess the degree of social mobility in the colonies. Those rich princes who came to the Americas were the most fortunate for they had the best of the best. The widows and orphans became dependent on charities. The descendants of the original settlers faced more limited prospects than had their pioneering forebears. As land slowly went away, daughters and sons were sold as slave laborers. Indentured servants were unfortunate but were still able to reach the prestige while the convicts and slaves could not Makers of America: The Scots-Irish Know: The Session 4. How had the history of the Scots-Irish affected their characteristics? Because of their history, the Scots-Irish wanted to seek a place to freedom. Also their conflict with the Anglican Church made them opponents of the established churches in the Americas and their resentment against the kind of England ensured that the Scots-Irish would be well represented as Patriots.

Workaday America Know: Triangular Trade, Naval Stores, Molasses Act 5. Describe some of the more important occupations in the colonies. The most important occupation in the colonies was lumbering in the New England colonies. They were also involved in fishing and whaling. In south, it was more agriculture and tobacco planting

Horsepower and Sailpower Know: Taverns 6. What was it like to travel in early America? Transportation was a complication in early America. Many colonists traveled on dirt but the roads were often clouds of dust in the summer and quagmires of mud in the winter. Stagecoach travelers also saw many dangers. Other forms of transportation were traveling by sea but it caused coastwise traffic.

Dominant Denominations Know: Established Church, Anglicans, Congregationalists, Presbyterians 7. How did the denominations in America affect relations with Great Britain? The denominations in America caused their relations with Great Britain to worsen. While many colonists still followed the Church of England, others began their own religions such the Congregational Church and Presbyterianism

The Great Awakening Know: Jonathan Edwards, George Whitefield, Old Lights, New Lights, Baptists 8. How was the religion encompassed in the Great Awakening different from traditional religion? What was important about the difference? The religion during the Great Awakening differed from traditional religion by believing in individual will that determines ones eternal fate and not the divine decree. It caused the spiritual vitality to weaken.

Schools and Colleges Know: Latin and Greek 9. What kind of education could a young person expect in colonial times? The education during colonial times was high based off of religion. Colleges were geared toward preparing men for the ministry and others were trained by Christianity to become well behaved citizens.

A Provincial Culture Know: John Trumbull, Charles Wilson Peale, Benjamin West, John Singleton Copley, Benjamin Franklin 10. Did Americans distinguish themselves in the arts during the colonial period? Explain. No, Americans did not distinguish themselves in the arts during the colonial period because they were still in thrall to European tastes. In fact, many aspiring artists moved to Britain to study and find careers in art.

Pioneer Presses Know: John Peter Zenger 11. Why was the jury verdict in the Zenger case important? The jury verdict in the Zenger case was important because it was a victory for freedom of press and for the health of democracy.

The Great Game of Politics Know: Royal Colonies, Proprietary Colonies, Self-governing Colonies, Colonial Assemblies, Power of the Purse, Town Meetings, Property Qualifications 12. How democratic was colonial America? Colonial America was far from a democratic nation but it was far more democratic than Europe.

Chapter #6: Duel for North America Big Picture Themes 1. Two dominant cultures emerged in the 1700s in North America: (a) England controlled the Atlantic seaboard from Georgia to Maine, and (b) France controlled the area of Quebec and along the Great Lakes and down the Mississippi River. 2. New England consisted of towns made up by farmers. They cleared the land and pushed the Indians out. New France was made up of fur trading outposts. They were scattered and lived with and often worked with the Indians in the forests and streams. 3. Like cats and dogs, England and France cannot live together that close. While separated, they were fine, but the two cultures began to rub against one another in the Ohio Valley. This started the French and Indian War. 4. The French and Indian War saw the English defeat France. France was totally kicked out of North America. IDENTIFICATIONS: Samuel de Champlain Soldier and explorer and had the title Father of New France. Friendly with the Indians and____ stopped the French of taking Ohio Valley____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

William Pitt Known as the Great Commoner and gained power from the common people. He was a part of the revival speeches and was a great orator. Leader of the London government and had the title____ Organizer of Victory___________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

Pontiac Ottawa Indian Chief who led several tribes to drive the British out of Ohio Country. The British started biological warfare because of Pontiacs attack___________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

Albany Plan of Union The assembly of the Albany Congress that tried to further unite the colonies and create a defense against France__________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ Proclamation of 1763 A proclamation passed by the British that did not allow the colonists to settle in the area beyond the Appalachian mountains as a method to solve the Indian problem after the French and Indian War__________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

Pontiacs Rebellion An attack led by Pontiac with several tribes and French traders to drive the British out of Ohio Country. They took Detroit in 1763 and overran all but three British posts west of the_________ Appalachians___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________

Paxton Boys Protested Quaker tolerance of Indians by marching into Philadelphia in 1764. Mostly composed of the Scot-Irish ethic group.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________ Five Nations of the Iroquois The Mohawk, Oneida, Onandaga, Cayuga, and Seneca tribes_____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ Salutary Neglect A period of time where a country does not control a colony and gives a certain amount of_____ independence to the colonists______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________

French and Indian War Also known as the Seven Years War. Fought by the colonists and British against the French and the Indians in attempt to drive the French and Indians out of America______________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ The Battle of Quebec 1759 Last battle of the French and Indian War where French power was completely thrown out of North America_________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________

GUIDED READING QUESTIONS: France Finds a Foothold in Canada Know: Huguenots, Samuel de Champlain, New France 1. How was the colony of New France different from the British North American colonies? The colonies of New France were established later than the British colonies and they had a better relationship with the Native Americans. They were also Catholic while the British colonies were not.

New France Fans Out Know: Beaver, Coureurs de Bois, Voyageurs, Robert de La Salle 2. What factors led to the French settlement of New France? Value of beaver pelts, need for religious expansion, and desire for land caused France to settle New France.

The Clash of Empires Know: Treaty of Utrecht, War of Jenkins's Ear, James Oglethorpe, Louisbourg 3. Describe the early wars between France and Britain. The early wars between France and Britain were primarily composed of guerrilla warfare and the addition of Indian ally aid where it could be found.

George Washington Inaugurates War with France Know: Fort Duquesne, George Washington, Fort Necessity, Acadians 4. How did George Washington spark the French and Indian War?

In a way George Washington sparked the French and Indian War because during the retreat of Fort Duquesne, one of Washingtons soldiers killed a French military leader. Global War and Colonial Disunity Know: Benjamin Franklin, Albany Plan of Union, "Join or Die" 5. What was meant by the statement, America was conquered in Germany? William Pitt meant that America wouldve been conquered by the army that was sent to fight the Germans because the army in Germany was supposed to be fighting the Americans instead.

Braddock's Blundering and Its Aftermath Know: Edward Braddock 6. What setbacks did the British suffer in the early years of the French and Indian War? The British lost Fort Duquesne and the loss caused Indians to attack more violently on a wider warpath.

Pitt's Palms of Victory Know: William Pitt, James Wolfe, Battle of Quebec 7. What was the significance of the British victory in the French and Indian War? The British victory in the French and Indian War caused Britain to be established as the dominant power in North America and the world. They also gained the title of having the strongest naval power of the world

Restless Colonials 8. How did the French and Indian War affect the relationship between the colonies and with the mother country? The French and Indian War caused tension between the mother country and the colonists because the mother country believed that the colonists were being ungrateful for the protection the British give

Wars Fateful Aftermath Know: Treaty of Paris, Pontiac, Daniel Boone, Proclamation of 1763 9. How did French defeat lead to westward expansion and tension with Native Americans and the British? During the Treaty of Paris, the Native Americans were not mentioned and but they were pushed off their land. This caused them to be angered and attack the colonies

Chapter #7: The Road to Revolution 1. Following the French and Indian War, the British crown needed money and figured the Americans could help pay for the war. 2. Also, the economic policy of mercantilism dictated that England try to keep its hard money within the British Empire. So, laws were passed to restrict American trade. 3. The taxes and regulations that followed were not received well by the Americans, notably the Stamp Act. 4. Conditions deteriorated and radical patriots brought matters to a head in events such as the Tea Party and Boston Massacre. Even though most Americans would be considered moderates at the time, the radical patriots were the ones making things happen. 5. The culmination of the patriots activities came at Lexington and Concord, when the American Revolution began. IDENTIFICATIONS Lord North Prime Minister of Britain who persuaged Parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts___________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ George Grenville Prime Minister of England who passed the acts that angered the colonists___________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Letter from a Farmer in Pennsylvania Letters written by John Dickson that was an important part in uniting the colonists against the__ Townshend Acts________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Gaspee Incident HMS Gaspee, a British revenue schooner that had been enforcing unpopular trade regulations ran around at what is now Gaspee Point, led with John Brown a part of 55 an attacked a ship_______ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________

Charles Townshend Great orater that convinced Parliament to pass the Townshend Acts in 1767_________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Baron Von Steuben Prussian drillmaster who drilled and trained the American army into a better one_____________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ Mercantilism A theory that the British believed in. Believed that wealth was power and that a countrys______ economic wealth could be measure by the amount of gold or silver in its treasury_____________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ "Virtual" representation The idea that Parliament represented all of Britain and its citizen, including the colonists_______ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ Sons of Liberty An organization who enforced the nonimportation agreements by tarring and feathering violators ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ Admiralty courts Courts that were used to try offenders for violating the Navigation Laws. Passed after the French and Indian War._________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ Committees of Correspondence Organizations in every colony that allowed an underground communication between the_______ colonists. Eventually becomes the first Congress_______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________

First Continental Congress A convention of delegates from the colonies that gathered in Philadelphia to figure out what to do about the acts passed by Britain__________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ Loyalists (Tories) The colonists that were loyal to the crown____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ GUIDED READING QUESTIONS: The Deep Roots of Revolution 1. Why does the author say that the American Revolution began when the first settlers stepped ashore? The author says that the American Revolution began when the first settlers stepped ashore because right when they settle down, they began to create new ideas about society, citizen, and government.

Mercantilism and Colonial Grievances Know: Mercantilism, Navigation Laws, Royal Veto 2. Explain the economic theory of mercantilism and the role of colonies. Mercantilism stated that wealth was power and that a countrys economic wealth could be measure by the amount of gold or silver in its treasury. The colonists helped further the Britishs status in wealth because they bought Britains materials and provided them with raw materials

3. How did Parliament enact the theory of mercantilism into policy? Parliament passed laws such as the Navigation Laws to enact mercantilism into its policy

The Merits and Menace of Mercantilism Know: Salutary Neglect, John Hancock, Bounties 4. In what ways did the mercantilist theory benefit the colonies? London paid liberal bounties to colonial producers of ship parts and the Virginia tobacco planters had a monopoly in the British market.

5.

What economic factors were involved in leading colonists to be displeased with the British government? The colonists felt that they were being used by the British because of the mercantilism theory.

The Stamp Tax Uproar Know: George Grenville, Sugar Act, Quartering Act, Stamp Act, Admiralty Courts, Virtual Representation 6. Why were the colonists so upset over relatively mild taxes and policies? They were upset over the taxes and policies because they were not used to being controlled by Britain. For a majority of the previous years, they were independent from British control

Forced Repeal of the Stamp Act Know: Stamp Act Congress, Non- importation Agreements, Homespun, Sons of Liberty, Declaratory Act 7. In what ways did colonists resist the Stamp Act? The colonists created the Stamp Act Congress of 1765 which caused many of the colonists to boycott British goods. Other colonists also used violence to get their point across (Sons and Daughters of Liberty)

The Townshend Tea Tax and the Boston "Massacre" Know: Townshend Acts, Indirect Tax, Boston Massacre, John Adams 8. How did the Townshend Acts lead to more difficulties? The Townshend Acts angered the colonist further and they continue to refuse to buy British goods. It also raised the tensions between the colonists and Britain and caused the Boston Massacre

The Seditious Committees of Correspondence Know: George III, Lord North, Samuel Adams, Committees of Correspondence 9. How did Committees of Correspondence work? The Committees of Correspondence were used as a underground communication between the colonies and helped spread the spirits of resistance.

Tea Brewing in Boston Know: British East India Company, Boston Tea Party 10. What was the cause of the Boston Tea Party, and what was its significance? The Boston Tea Party caused Britain to pass the Intolerable Acts to punish Bostonians. It caused the tensions between the colonists and Britain to be raised.

Parliament Passes the "Intolerable Acts" Know: Boston Port Act, Massachusetts Government Act, Administration of Justice Act, Quartering Act of 1774, Quebec Act 11. What was so intolerable about the Coercive (Intolerable) Acts?

The Intolerable Acts shut down the Boston Harbor, allowed French of settle in the land that the colonists rightfully owned, took away the chartered rights of Massachusetts and placed a restriction on their town meetings.

Bloodshed Know: First Continental Congress, Declaration of Rights, The Association, Tar and Feathers, Minute Men, Lexington and Concord 12. What was the goal of the First Continental Congress? The goal of the First Continental Congress was to create a compromise with England and to repeal the legislations.

Imperial Strength and Weakness Know: Hessians, Tories 13. What were British strengths and weaknesses at the outset of the war? Britain had the best army and navy at the time. However, they also had many enemies including France. The British army had many second-rate Provisions that were scarce, rancid, and wormy.

American Pluses and Minuses Know: George Washington, Ben Franklin, Marquis de Lafayette, Continentals 14. What were the American strengths and weaknesses at the outset of the war? The Americans were fighting on the defense and they did not have to worry about winning. They were also very self-sufficient and independent. However, the American army was untrained and the colonists were divided into Patriots and Loyalists.

A Thin Line of Heroes Know: Valley Forge, Baron von Steuben, Continental Army 15. What role was played by African-Americans in the Revolution? African-Americans were also encouraged to fight in the American Revolution. They acted as extra soldiers

Chapter #8: American Secedes from the Empire Big Picture Themes 1. Nearly every advantage on paper went to Britain during the revolution. They had better troops, training, a much better navy, experienced generals, more money, better weapons and equipment. 2. The Americans had on their side heart and geography. America was very big and and ocean removed from England. 3. Perhaps due to necessity rather than plan, American employed a drawn-out strategy where the war drug on for six years. America won by constantly withdrawing to the nations interior and moving on to fight another day. 4. Meanwhile, as the war waged, the Declaration of Independence was written, signed, and approved. 5. The Treaty of Paris 1763 legitimized the new nation. IDENTIFICATIONS: Second Continental Congress A reconvening of the First Continental Congress to discuss the idea of independence. They also decided to appoint George Washington as the military leader of the battles during the American Revolution.____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ Hessians German mercenaries hired by King George III to fight the Americans______________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ Thomas Paine/Common Sense An impoverished corset-makers apprentice from Britain who wrote the Common Sense and___ stated that the small should not control the large and believed in the idea of Republicanism_____ ______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________ George Washington Virginian who was selected as the leader of the American army by the Second Continental_____ Congress. He crosses the Delware river and obliterates the Hessians in Trenton in 1776________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________

Marquis de Layfette French general who helped George Washington and the battle of Valley Forge_______________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ Baron Von Steuban Prussian drillmaster who drilled and trained the American army into a better one_____________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ John Burgoyne British general who was forced to surrender at Saratoga to Horatio Gates. He was also supposed to go down the Lake Champlain route in the mission to severe New York from the rest of the colonists______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ Benedict Arnold The greatest general in America who won many battles until he turned traitor in 1780_________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Treaty of Paris, 1783 The treaty that ends the American Revolution. Ben Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay were present for the signing and writing. The treaty of Paris stated the amount of land America obtains and that Britain recognizes America as its own country__________________________________ __________________________________________ Battle of Trenton A sneakish battle where George Washington crosses the Delaware River on Christmas Eve to ambush the Hessian station in Trenton_______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Battles of Lexington and Concord British soldiers were sent to seize gunpowder and to capture the rebel ringleaders Samuel Adams and John Hancock. But they were met by minute men and eventually had to turn back at the Old North Bridge in Concord___________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________

Battle of Saratoga Battle at Satatoga where Burgoyne eventually surrenders to Horatio Gates. After this battle the French formally join in the American Revolution______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ Battle of Yorktown Last major battle of the American Revolution where General Cornwallis was surrounded by George Washington and the General Rochambeau and eventually surrenders________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Articles of Confederation Original constitution of the US that was ratified in 1781 and was replaced by the current_______ Consititution in 1789____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________

GUIDED READING QUESTIONS: Congress Drafts George Washington Know: Second Continental Congress, George Washington 1. Why was George Washington chosen as general of the American army? George Washington was chosen as general of the American army because he was a great moral force and people trusted him. He also was gifted with outstanding powers of leadership and immense strength of charcter.

Bunker Hill and Hessian Hirelings Know: Ethan Allen, Benedict Arnold, Fort Ticonderoga, Bunker Hill, Redcoats, Olive Branch Petition, Hessians 2. George III "slammed the door on all hope of reconciliation." How and why? King George III slammed the door on all hope of reconciliation by stating that all colonies in rebellion have committed treason.

The Abortive Conquest of Canada Know: Richard Montgomery 3. Did the fighting go well for Americans before July of 1776? Explain. No, the fighting did not go well for Americans before July of 1776 because they continuously lost their battles and Americans were beginning to lose their morale.

Thomas Paine Preaches Common Sense 4. Why was Common Sense important? Common Sense was an important pamphlet because it planted the idea of government by people and the idea of republicanism. It was also the beginning of the idea of independence because he stated that he did not understand why a smaller body was ruling a larger one.

Paine and the Idea of "Republicanism" Know: Republic, Natural Aristocracy 5. Why did Paine want a democratic republic? Paine wanted a democratic republic because he thought that America was fertile ground for such a civic virtue.

Jefferson's "Explanation" of Independence Know: Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, Natural Rights 6. What does the Declaration of Independence say? The Declaration of Independence stated that all men have natural rights that could not be taken away. It listed all of Englands tyrannous misdeeds.

Patriots and Loyalists Know: Patrick Henry 7. What kinds of people were Loyalists? Loyalists were people of education and wealth, of culture and caution. They were also more numerous among the older people.

Makers of America: The Loyalists 8. What happened to Loyalists after the war? After the war, Loyalists faces arrest, exile, property and legal rights loss. Many remained in America but they were viewed as traitors. Black Loyalists found a way to freedom but they suffered from betrayal

The Loyalist Exodus 9. What happened to Loyalists during the war? During the war, the Loyalists were treated like shit. They were roughly handed, imprisoned, and sometimes hanged. In fact, many were driven out and settled in Canada.

Burgoyne's Blundering Invasion Know: John Burgoyne, Benedict Arnold, Saratoga, Horatio Gates 10. Why did the Americans win the battle of Saratoga? Why was it significant? The Americans won the battle of Saratoga because they were stalled by General Benedict Arnold and eventually winter came and they were unprepared so they had to surrender to Horatio Gates. The win was significant because it showed to France that the Americans were worthy of their help, therefore France joined the war.

Revolution in Diplomacy? 11. Why did the French help America win independence? France helped America win its independence because they wanted revenge against Britain and was eager to inflame the quarrel that had broken out in America. They believed that Britain would cease to be front-rank power without their colonies and France would be able to regain its former position and prestige.

The Colonial War Becomes a Wider War Know: Armed Neutrality 12. Why was foreign aid so important to the American cause? Foreign aid was important to the American cause because foreign aid supplied them with men, guns, equipment, and money

Blow and Counterblow Know: Nathaniel Greene, Charles Cornwallis 13. Would an American Patriot, reading news of the war in 1780, have been happy about the way the war was going? Explain. No and American Patriot would not be happy during 1780 because that was the year the greatest general, Benedict Arnold, turned traitor.

The Land Frontier and the Sea Frontier Know: Iroquois Confederacy, Fort Stanwix, George Rogers Clarke, John Paul Jones, Privateers 14. Was frontier fighting important in the outcome of the war? Frontier fighting was important because the British were vulnerable at certain points even though they had the Native Americans on their side.

Yorktown and the Final Curtain Know: Charles Cornwallis, Yorktown 15. If the war did not end at Yorktown, then why was it important? There were still several battles after Yorktown, but it was the last major battle that the Americans won. It was thus important because it pretty much signaled the victory of the colonists.

Peace at Paris Know: Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Jay, Treaty of Paris 16. What did America gain and what did it concede in the Treaty of Paris? America gained the land between the Mississippi River to the Atlantic Ocean, from the Great Lakes to Florida. They also gained recognition as an independent country. But they had to give Loyalists back their land and not punish them.

A New Nation Legitimized Know: Whigs 17 Did Americans get favorable terms in the Treaty of Paris? Explain. Yes because Americans gained a significant land gain and they became an independent nation.

Whose Revolution? 18. Which of the interpretations of the Revolution seems most true to you? Least true? Explain. The one that seems most true to me is the idea presented by historians such as George Beer, Charles Andrews, and Lawrence Gipson because it is true that America and Britain had differing and as America continued to develop their own ideas during salutary neglect, Britain suddenly wanted to reinforce their beliefs.