Scientific Journal of Earth Science

December 2012, Volume 2, Issue 4, PP.101-108

PLAM Index Tracking for Trajectories of SDS

System in China and Its Wave-like Trends
Jizhi Wang, Yuanqin Yang#, Yaqiang Wang, Yi Ly, Guangzhi Zhang
Atmospheric Composition Observing & Service Center, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 46 Zhongguancun South
Street, Beijing 10008
Email: wjz@cams.cma.gov.cn

Abstract
The characteristic distributions of regional sand and dust storm (SDS) from 1980 to 2011 were investigated using meteorological
elements data from surface stations, atmospheric sounding data, high density weather data of CMA (Chinese Meteorological
Administration), as well as the archived Chinese original weather maps. Based on the SDS deposited PSCFPotential source
contribution functionmethod, a tracking analysis of sand-dust weather process was developed by using the index calculating of the
PLAM (Parameters of Air quality and Meteorology) in range of North-East Asia region. A spline trend analysis method was also used
to investigate the strength variability of the SDS systems. The results show that during the period of 1980 to 2011, the SDS processes
have a wave change status, featuring both a historical persistence and abrupt transition with about a 10 year high-low oscillation.
Keyword: SDS Weather Process; Wave-like Trends; PSCF Method; Air Quality PLAM Index

PLAM
*

10008

1980-2011

(PM10) PSCF(Potential
source contribution function) PLAM 1980-2011
Spline 1980-2011
10
PSCF PLAM

2011 7 5 habub2007 4
2006 4 17

2011CB403404, 2011CB4034012009Y002

-
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 50

(Emilio Cuevas, 2007[1]Franzen L G. 1995[2]Joseph P V, 1980[3]

Iwasaka Y1983[4])Brazel
1986 [5])
T.L.Zhao et al.2008[6]

2002[7]2000[8]2001[9]ZHU Hao2010[10]

(X.Y.Zhang 2005[11]2003[12]ZHU Tong 2003[13]

CUACE/Dust
2006[14]S.L.GONG,2008[15]C.H.ZHOU,2008[16]T.NIU,2008[17]
Jiang Xuegong 2008[18]KANG Dujun ,2005[19]Song Minhong 2003[20]Wang Jizhi 2008[21]
ZHOU Zijiang2003[22] Y.Q.YANG,2008[23]

YANG Yuanqin, Wang Jizhi

2011[24]
( SDS )

SDS SDS
SDS

SDS SDS --
1980-2011
PM10- PSCFPotential source contribution function[25]
PLAM -
-- SDS

1
1.1
1980-2011
WMO

1.2

FY-2C
2006[27]2008[28]
PSCFPotential source contribution
function PM10
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PM10 1(Y. Q. Wang,X. Y. Zhang, et
al,2006[26])
80E

90E

100 E

110 E

120 E

130 E

50N

40N

Northwesterly Sources
XiAn
#

Southerly Sources

30N

PSCF
0 - 0.3
0.3 - 0.4
0.4 - 0.5
0.5 - 0.6
0.6 - 0.7
0.7 - 1

20N

1 PM10g m-3
PSCF (2001-2003)(Wang et al.,2006[26])

1.3 RPSCF
PSCFPotential Source Contribution Function1980-2011

ijYang, et al.2008[24]

PSCF
RPSCF
,
RPSCFij = PLAM ij /Cij

(1)

RPSCFij ij ij RPSCF PLAM ij

ij PLAMParameters Linking Air quality and Meteorology
X Y
ZhangY Q Wang 2009[29]2009 [30]Cij
. (1)
PLAM

2 PLAM

(1)
,
PLAM ij
,
PLAM ij =fc *e / (T * cp )
(2)
,
[30]
PLAM ij PLAM (2)fc e T
Cp
e

fc

Lw
e exp
CpT

f c f cd

L qs
1

C p T p

- 103 http://www.j-es.org/

(3)

(4)

fcd

q s
q
p s

T p
P T

f cd =

p=

(5)

Rd T
Cp P

(6)

2ij
Cij
PM10/ gm-32007PM10
APIPM102PM10(AOD)
1980-2005504AOD550 (Chen et al.,2009[31])PM10
Wang Jizhi, Yang Yuanqin et al., 2010[32] 2010[33]

700

300
y = 1.1883x + 19.173
2
R = 0.4135

250

600

500

PM10/g/m3

PM10/g/m3

200

150

400

300

100
200

50

PM10 = 1.4458x + 41.023

100

API with PM10

R2 = 0.9249 N=366

50

100
API

150

200

100

200

PLAM

300

400

2 2008 6 1 -7 20 API PM10

3 2008 1-12 PLAM PM10

500

PLAM PM10 (2)

2008 1-12
PLAM[29]
PM10 3 2008 1-12
PLAM PM10 3 R2=0.9 0.001
3PLAM
PLAM [29][30][34] PSCF

3
4 (1) 1980-2011 3-5
1980-2007
WANG Jizhi, 2008[21]
2000

4
11980-1991 6 6
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15
Total of SDS
SSDS

5
0
-5

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

SDS/SSDS

10

-10

year
4

1980-2011 (SDS)(SSDS)

21992-2011 1 10
1992-2001 10 2002-20111992-2011 20
12

4 (spline)
4.1

Wang Jizhi, Yang Yuanqin et al., 2010[32]

n xi ti t1,t2,.,tn m ti m-1

t1<1<2<m-1< tn

(7)

0 m, 0<t1tnm 012
m (8) n xi ti
t1,t2,.,tn m ti m-1 F(t) m-1

0<t
1<t

X1(t)
X2(t)
F(t)=

...
...

1
2

...
(8)

...
...

...

Xm(t) m-1<t m

(8)
F(t)=Vktakj(s) (k=1,2,,m) (j=0, 3,)
s=(2t-k-1-1)/(kt-k-1)=2(t-k-1)/(k-k-1)-1

(9)
(10)

(1995)[35](1999)[36](spline)
(9)
(11)(k) s ak0ak1ak2 ak3
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(9) Vkt Vkj

ak0s=1
ak1s= s
ak2s=2s2
ak3s=4s3 -3s

(11)

2003[37]

4.2

5 1980-2011 32
SDS 5 1980-2011 32 SDS
SDS SDS
SDS SDS spline
10
SDS

11980~1989 10 1984 23 1989

12
21990~2002 13 18 12
32003~2011 9 16 12

1980~2011

1 PSCF PLAM

PLAM
2 1980-2011
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31980~2011
10

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