BALANCE OF PAYMENTS-PRE AND

POST BUDGET (2009-2010) SCENARIO

Presented by : Faisal Bin Hasan

Presented to : Mr. Ghulam Rasool

Date : 27 June , 2009

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Favorable & Unfavorable Balance of Payment
 Balance of Payment- Components
 Pakistan’s Balance of Payment Compared with regional countries.
 Balance of Payment in the last few years.
 Balance of Payment- Pre-budget scenario/ Current situation.
 Foreign Debt.
 Reasons for Unfavorable B.O.P
 War on terror causing B.O.P problem
 B.O.P and Foreign Remittances
 Foreign Exchange Reserves
 B.O.P and Services Sector
 SBP Governor’s Statement
 Balance of Payment- Future Expectations
 Suggestions
 Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

 Balance of payments is a statistical statement designed to

provide for a specific period of time a systematic record of an
economy’s transactions with the rest of the world.

 It is a Systematic Statement of all the economic transactions

between the country and the rest of the world.

 Its major components are the Current Account and the

Financial Account.
 INTRODUCTION

 Debit: The spending of foreign currency is Debit and it is a

negative item.

 Credit: If a transaction earns foreign exchange for the nation ,

It is recorded as a plus item and it is a Credit.

 Generally Imports are debits and exports are credits.

 FAVORABLE AND UNFAVORABLE
BALANCE OF PAYMENT
 If credits are more i.e exports are more than it is a positive
sign for the economy and it is known as Favorable B.O.P.

 If debits are more i.e imports are more than it is a negative

sign for the economy and it is known as Un Favorable B.O.P.

 Pakistan has a Un Favorable B.O.P for many years due to

dependency on imports.
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS- COMPONENTS
:
 B.O.P Comprises of :

 Current Account and Financial Account.

 Current Account includes : Merchandise (Import/Export) ,

Services, Investment Income and Unilateral Transfers (Foreign
Aid etc.)

 Financial Account includes: Loan transactions, Investment

Flows, Short term capital and other related items.
 PAKISTAN’S BALANCE OF PAYMENT
COMPARED WITH REGIONAL COUNTRIES

 Pakistan is ranked 19 out of 31 countries in the Asia Pacific region .

 China , India , Bangladesh and Iran are much better placed than Pakistan.

 Despite some success in achieving steady economic growth and reducing

poverty, Pakistan lags significantly behind other countries in the region.

Source: Business & Finance Review

 BALANCE OF PAYMENT IN THE LAST
FEW YEARS
• Current Account: ($ Million)

July-April
July-June
Current 2006- 2007- 2007- 2008-
Account 07 08 08 09

Balance -6878 -13735 -11173 -8547

 BALANCE OF PAYMENT IN THE LAST
FEW YEARS
• Financial & Capital Account
($ Million)

July-June July-April

Financial & 2006- 2007-08 2007-08 2008-

Capital 07 09
Account
Balance 10276 8303 6290 3608

Source: SBP
 BALANCE OF PAYMENT – PRE BUDGET
SCENARIO / CURRENT SITUATION
 Today, Pakistan faces a severe balance-of-payments crisis and can cover only about
four-six weeks' worth of imports.

 The Current account deficit has improved by $ 2.6 billion and stood at $ 8.547
billion during July- April 2008-09 as against $ 11.173 billion in the corresponding
period of last year, thereby showing an improvement of 23.5 percent.

 The Financial and Capital account stood at $ 3608 million during July-April 2008-
09 as against $ 6290 million in the corresponding period of last year which shows a
decline of $ 2682 million.

Source : State Bank of Pakistan

 FOREIGN DEBT

1999 2006 2008

US $ 39 B US $ 36 B US $ 45 B

The Government paid nearly $ 3 B in annual debt servicing payments in the last FY,
this year it will be even more. Together the debt servicing payments amount to nearly
13.8% of the entire budget of $ 29 Billion.

Source: Business & Finance Review

 REASONS FOR UNFAVORABLE B.O.P
 A part from dependency on imports there are some other reasons :

 Global Recession since 2008.

 Deteriorating Law and order situation which stops investment .
 Slow Growth of Production.

 Low Exports.
 Water Shortage / Mismanagement which results in low crops.
 Energy crisis causing low out put and closure of many industrial units which reduces the exports.

 Political Uncertainty.
 Fiscal Policies
 Trade Restrictions of developed countries.

 Limitless Export of Primary commodities.

 Depreciation of Pakistan Rupee.
 Inflation
 Low Foreign Exchange Remittances.
 WAR ON TERROR CAUSING B.O.P
PROBLEM
 Pakistan will face a serious B.O.P problem next year partly because:

 The United States has not reimbursed over $ 1.2 billion the country spent
on the war on terror.

 Under the Coalition Support Fund the U.S reimburses Pakistan for
terrorism related operations.

 The govt. has received $447 million since Sep.2008 leaving a balance of
over $ 1 billion.

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF FINANCE

B.O.P AND FOREIGN REMITTANCES-
HOW THEY HAVE DECLINED

FY 05-06 FY 06-07 FY 07-08

(July _Nov)

US $ 5.49 B US $ 6.5 B US $ 2.97 B

 FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES

FY 06-07 FY 07-08 FY 08-09

(July _Dec)

US $ 15.18 B US $ 10.83 B US $ 9.34 B

Main sources of Foreign Exchange (excluding FDI):

Textile exports
Workers remittances
 B.O.P AND SERVICES SECTOR
• The deficit in services sector decreased by $ 260 million from $ 4,430 million in 2006-07 to $ 4,170 million in 2007-08. The
item-wise receipts and payments in services account are as follows during 2006-2008.
2007-08 2006-07
ITEM
Credit Debit Net Credit Debit Net

Services 4,140 8,310 -4,170 3,769 8,199 -4,430

1. Transportation 1,102 3,177 -2,075 1,080 2,863 -1,783

1.1 Passenger 646 521 125 656 453 203

1.2 Freight 127 2,224 -2,097 124 2,083 -1,959

1 .3 Other 329 432 -103 300 327 -27

2. Travel 277 1,625 -1,348 216 1,411 -1,195

2.1 Business 15 62 -47 8 57 -49

2.2 Personal 262 1,563 -1,301 208 1,354 -1,146

3. Communications services 123 98 25 198 101 97

4. Construction services 74 60 14 16 143 -127

5. Insurance services 30 126 -96 29 131 -102

6. Financial services 74 135 -61 70 133 -63

7. Computer and information services 104 90 14 72 44 28

8. Royalties and license fees 41 115 -74 33 99 -66

9. Other business services 459 2,557 -2,098 391 2,953 -2,562

10. Personal, cultural, and recreational services 2 0 2 1 6 -5 (Million US $)

11. Government services. 1,854 327 1,527 1,663 315 1,348
 SBP GOVERNOR’S STATEMENT

The Governor State Bank of Pakistan recently said that

Pakistan was not facing any balance of payments (BOP)
difficulties during the current fiscal year as the IMF, World
Bank and Asian Development Bank would soon release their
loans for the country.

SOURCE :SBP NEWS.

 BALANCE OF PAYMENT-FUTURE
EXPECTATIONS
 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) may increase if there is
political stability and continuation of policies.

 If the IMF , World Bank and Asian Development Bank

release their loans for Pakistan as promised , than our B.O.P
may show some improvement.

 Furthermore , If the U.S reimburses $ 1.2 billion to Pakistan

regarding War on terror , It will certainly boost our B.O.P.
 BALANCE OF PAYMENT-FUTURE
EXPECTATIONS
 Friends of Pakistan has promised significant monetary
support. If it realizes than it will have a positive effect.

 Imports are expected to decrease by 15 % . If it happens it

will have a positive effect on B.O.P.

 Pakistan’s B.O.P is relying on foreign element and support. If

it realizes than B.O.P deficit would decrease otherwise it’s
future looks bleak.
 SUGGESTIONS
 Pakistan must increase its production so that Surplus can be exported.

 Pakistan don’t need to enter IMF & World Bank Programs.

 New Water Reservoirs need to be made.

 Pro Active Export Policy and better marketing of Surplus goods.

 Electricity crises needs to be solved urgently so that open mills and

factories give more production and closed units open again.

 Pakistan needs a leadership with competence, very strong nerves, clear

understanding of the issues and psyche of the other side of the table, ability
to negotiate with the super powers and come out with a most suitable
package.
 CONCLUSION

Beggars are never given choices ...

Leaders made us beggars, they have
'kashkool' in their hands and now they're
begging in front of IMF, US, Saudia,
China, Friends of Pakistan, Iran,
Germany, NATO ....!!”
Thank You for your patience