Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
Figure 1-1
Chapter 1
• Flattening
• Decentralization
• Flexibility
• Location independence
• Low transaction and coordination costs
• Empowerment
• Collaborative work and teamwork
Chapter 1
• System
– Set of elements or components that
interact to accomplish goals
• Components of a system
– Inputs
– Processing mechanisms
– Outputs
– Feedback
13
System Concepts (continued)
14
What is a System? (continued)
15
What is an Information System?
16
Input, Processing, Output, Feedback
• Input
– Activity of gathering and capturing raw data
• Processing
– Converting data into useful outputs
• Output
– Production of useful information, usually in the
form of documents and reports
• Feedback
– Information from the system that is used to
make changes to input or processing activities
17
Why Learn About Information Systems?
18
What Is an Information System?
• Information
– One of an organization’s most valuable
resources
– Often confused with the term data
20
What Is an Information System?
Figure 1-2
Activities in an Information System
FEEDBACK
Activities in Information System
24
Activities in Information System
25
Information Systems in Organizations
26
Information Systems in Organizations
(continued)
Understanding of the
MANAGEMENT
Figure 1-4
A Business Perspective on Information
Systems - Organization
• Information systems are a part of
organizations.
• key elements of an organizations are its
– People
– Structure
– Operating procedures,
– Policies
– Culture
• An organization coordinates work
through a structured hierarchy
and formal, standard procedures
A Business Perspective on Information
Systems - Management
• Communications Technology:
transfers data from one physical location
to another
35
Business Information Systems (continued)
36
Chapter 1
Growing Importance
Chapter 1
Figure 1-8
Chapter 1
• Flattening organizations
– - to remove the layer of management and work as peer and
team.
• Separating work from location
– thru email, Internet and video conferencing
• Reorganizing work-flows
– Computerized information system has slowly replacing
manual system where it able the staff to complete the work
more efficient and effectively.
• Increasing flexibility
– Companies can use communications technology to organize
in more flexible ways
• Redefining organizational boundaries – to have a
networked information systems
• The changing management process - from manual
system to computerized process
Chapter 1
Figure 1-9
Chapter 1
Small companies
• Desktop machines, inexpensive computer-aided design (CAD)
software, and computer-controlled machine tools provide the precision,
speed and quality of giant manufacturers.
• Information immediately accessed by the telephone and
communications links eliminate the need for research staff and business
libraries.
Large companies
• Custom manufacturing system offer customized products
• Massive databases of customer records to analyze the customer
preferences
• Information can help lower level employees to solve problem more
easily
Chapter 1
An application requiring 33 days in a paper system would only take 5 days using
Figure 1-11
Electronic Commerce
• Business-to-business transactions
increasing
Electronic Business
Today’s managers must know how to arrange and coordinate the various computer
technologies and business system applications to meet the information needs of each level of their organization,
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