ASHRAE Presentation Modern Refrigeration Controls

Craig Cordell York Refrigeration / Frick

Disclaimer
THIS INFORMATION WAS PRESENTED AT AN ASHRAE SEMINAR HELD AT THE 2003 WINTER MEETING IN CHICAGO, IL. THE SEMINAR FORMAT IS TO PRESENT INFORMATION OF CURRENT INTEREST AND TO PROVIDE A VENUE FOR INTERACTION BETWEEN ASHRAE MEMBERS. THESE SEMINARS SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED PEER-REVIEWED (OR THE FINAL WORD ON ANY SUBJECT). ASHRAE HAS NOT INVESTIGATED, AND ASHRAE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY DUTY TO INVESTIGATE ANY PRODUCT, SERVICE, PROCESS, PROCEDURE, DESIGN, OR THE LIKE WHICH MAY BE DESCRIBED HEREIN. THE APPEARANCE OF ANY TECHNICAL DATA OR EDITORIAL MATERIAL IN THIS PRESENTATION DOES NOT CONSTITUTE ENDORSEMENT, WARRANTY, OR GUARANTY BY ASHRAE OF ANY PRODUCT, SERVICE, PROCESS, PROCEDURE, DESIGN, OR THE LIKE. NEITHER ASHRAE, THE AUTHORS OR THEIR EMPLOYERS WARRANT THAT THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION IS FREE OF ERRORS. THE ENTIRE RISK OF THE USE OF ANY INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION IS ASSUMED BY THE USER. BEFORE MAKING ANY DECISION OR TAKING ANY ACTION ON THIS SUBJECT, YOU SHOULD CONSULT A QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL ADVISOR.

Introduction

What makes-up a typical Refrigeration Control System? Where are these system used? What are the challenges of the Refrigeration Control System? What does a typical Refrigeration Control System do? Where are we heading?

What makes-up a typical Refrigeration Control System?

Components
- Microprocessors / controllers - Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) - Sensing devices & I/O

Configurations
- Central - Distributed - Combination of central and distributed

Central System
Temperature Solenoid Motor Starter Solenoid

Pressure Pressure
Solenoid Temperature Motor Starter Level Switch

Control Panel

Temperature Motor Starter Solenoid

Pressure

Distributed System
Press, Temp Solenoids Press, Temp Solenoids Press, Temp Solenoids Press, Temp Solenoids

C.P. C.P.

C.P.

C.P.

Press, Temp Solenoids

C.P.
Press, Temp Solenoids Solenoid

C.P. Pressure
Motor Starter Solenoid Press, Temp Solenoids

Control Panel

C.P.
Press, Temp Solenoids

C.P.

Central & Distributed - combined

Motor Starter Temperature Solenoid Solenoid

Control Panel

Pressure

Solenoid Motor Starter Solenoid Solenoid Motor Starter

Pressure
Temperature

Control Panel

Control Panel

Solenoid

Temperature

Where are they used?

Cold Storage Warehousing Beverage and Bottling Food Processing Petro-Chemical Manufacturing

Challenges of the Refrigeration Control System

maintain product temperature(s) provide energy efficient systems provide operators with an informative, yet easy to use system provide remote access do all of the above with a costeffective installation

What does a typical Refrigeration Control System do?

Compressor control / sequencing Evaporator control

- Temperature Control - Defrost Control

Condenser control / sequencing Refrigerant management Energy management control

What does a typical Refrigeration Control System do?

Operator Information
System status and operation Set point management and entry Alarm annunciation and storage Data storage and retrieval Report generation Preventive maintenance information Security

Trends - Where are we heading?

Sensor bus systems Networked systems Internet access Wireless systems ???

Conclusion

new refrigeration system seldom installed without controls trend toward increasing the quantity of controls
improve product integrity reduce energy requirements improve operator interface / features reduce overall installation and operation costs