ANATOMY OF EYE

fo|kn~ }Fk~xqyckgqY;a Lok~xqBksnjlfEere~A }Fkxqya loZr% lk)Za fHkk~u;ucqn~cqneAA lqo`ra xksLrukdkja loZHkwrxq.kksnHkoe~AA iya HkqoksMfXurks jDra okrkr~ d`.ka flra tykr~A vkdkkknJqekxkZp tk;Urs us=cqn~cqnsAA vxqaB ds mnj ds izek.kkuqlkj nks v~xqy ckgqY; vkSj vk;ke vkSj foLrkj yEckbZ vkSj pkSM+kbZ esa <kbZ v~xqyA us=xksyd%& lqo`r vkSj iapegkHkwrksa ds xq.kksa ls mRiUuA i`Foh ls ekaly Hkkx vfXu ls fik:i jDro.kZ dk Hkkx okr ls d`.k Hkkx ty ls us=xr osr Hkkx vkdkk ls vkJqekxksZa dh mRifk gksrh gSA us= ds vk;ke dks vxzifpe O;kl ;k iwoZifpe O;kl dgrs
(Anteroposterior or Sagital diameter) gSaA It is 24.15 mm.

foLrkj dks vuqizLFkO;kl ;k mkjnf{k.kO;kl gSaA

(Horizontal diameter) dgrs

It is 24.13 mm.

lqo`r] xksLrukdkj] vk;qosZn ds vuqlkj pkSM+kbZ dh vis{kk yEckbZ vf/kd gksrh gSA ;ksxjRukdj esa us= ds fy, cqncqn ds LFkku ij e.My kCn iz;qDr fd;k gSA **fo/kkn~ };~xqyckgqY;a Lok~xqBksnjlafere~A };~xqya loZr% lk/kZ fHkk~ u;ue.Mye~AA** us= dk izek.k%& us= xksyd dks oS| vius vxwaBs ds e/; Hkkx ds leku nks vaxqy ds izek.k okyk tkus vkSj us= ds pkjksa vksj ls ok yEckbZ ls bldk izek.k oReZe.My dks ysdj <kbZ vaxqy tkus vFkkZr~ oReZe.My dks NksM+dj us= dh yEckbZ nks vaxqy izek.k dh vaxqBksnj ds leku oReZe.My lfgr <kbZ v~xqy gSA us=xksyd esa iapegkHkwrksa ds xq.k fo|eku gSaA us=xksyd dh jDrrk] osrrk vkSj d`.ko.kZrk bu Hkwrksa ds xq.kksa ls mRiUu gksrh gSA dqN Vhdkdkjksa us xq.k kCn dk vFkZ Hkwrksa ds xq.k u ysdj muds izlkn vFkZ dks ekuk gS fdUrq ;g vFkZ tsTtV rFkk MYg.k nksuksa us Lohd`r ugha fd;k gSA

us= ls lEcU/k j[kus okys vaxksa dks nks Hkkxksa es foHkDr fd;k x;k gS& 1 vax (Organs) 2 mik~x (Appendages) 1 us=kvaxksa es
(i) (ii)

us=xksyd ;k us=cqn~cqn (Eye ball) /kefu;ka

(Arteries)]

fljk,a

(Veins),

jlokfgfu;ak

(Lymphatics)

vkSj
(iii) (iv)

okrlw= (Nerves) us=pkydekalisfk;ka (Ocular Muscles) us=ysekoj.k (Conjuctiva)

2 mik~xksa esa
(i) (ii) (iii)

iyd ;k us=PNn (Eye lids) Hkwz (Eye brow) vkJqtud fi.M & d vJqxzfUFk;ka (Lacrymal Gland) [k vJqiz.kkfydk
(Lacrymal

ducts)

x vJq}kj (Puncta lacrymalis) ?k

sac)

vJqokgd ukfydk

(Lacrymal

vkJ~okk; (Lacrymal sac) p uklkxr (Nasal duct)

(iv)

us=xqgk (Orbit)

us=xksyd ds fuEu eq[;Hkkx gksrs gSa%&

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) (xi) (xii) (xiii)

kqDye.My (Cornea) us=ck (Sclerotic Coat or Sclera) rkjke.My (Iris) rUrqlewg (Ciliary Body) us= e/;iVy (Choroid) us=niZ.k ;k n`fV forku (Retina) iwoZtye;jl[k.M (Anterior Chamber) ifpe[k.M (Posterior Chamber) n`fVef.kdk (Crystalline lens) n`fVef.k vkoj.k (Lens Capsule) dkp: ijl lkUnzty (Vitreous Humour) n`fVukM+h (Optic Nerve) nkZuukM+h fljk (Optic Disc)

vLrq vk;qosZn esa n`fV dh fuEu fokskrk,a ekuh xbZ gS%&

1. 2. 3.

d`.ke.My ds lkrosa Hkkx ds cjkcj elwjnky ds vkdkj ;k ifj.kke okyh iapegkHkwrks ds izlkn ls fufeZr

4.

[k|ksr rFkk LQqfyax vfXud.k ds leku pednkj ,oa vo;; rst ls le`)

5. 6. 7. 2.

Ckk iVy ls vko`r <dh gqbZ Xksy Nsn okyh foojkd`fr khry inkFkZ ftlds fy, fgrdj gks n`fVPkk= rFkk o{;s ;Fkk czw;kf}kkjn%AA Uks=k;kef=HkkxUrq d`.ke.MyeqP;rsA d`.kkr~ lIrefePNfUr n`fV n`fVfokkjnk%AA us= ds vk;ke dk ,d frgkbZ Hkkx d`.ke.My dgk tkrk gS

rFkk d`.ke.My dk lkroka Hkkx n`fV gksrh gSA

vkpk;Z MYg.k ds vuqlkj us=xksyd nks Hkkxksa esa foHkDr gSA vkxs dk 1@3 Hkkx ?kM+h ds dkap ds leku fn[kus okyk d`.e.My dgykrk gSA ;g ikjnkZd gSA

3.

e.Mykfu p lfU/kp iVykfu p ykspusA ;Fkkea fotkuh;kr~ iap kV~ p kMso pAA

us= esa e.My] lfU/k;ka vkSj iVy ;Fkke ls 5] 6 vkSj 6 gksrs gSaA i{eoReZosrd`.kn`Vhuka e.Mykfu rqA

vuwiwoZUrq rs e/;kpRokjksUR;k ;Fkkskje~AA i{e] oReZ] osr] d`.k vkSj n`fV buds ikap e.My gksrs gSA tSls%& i{ee.My (Eye Lashes) oReZe.My (Eye Lids) osre.My (Conjuctiva) d`.ke.My (Corneal Circle) n`fVe.My (Pupil or lens) buesa ls pkj e.My oReZ] osr] d`.k] n`fV iwoZ e ls e/; esa jgrs gSaA vFkkZr lcls ckgj oReZe.My] mlds Hkhrj osre.My fQj mlds Hkhrj d`.ke.My rRipkr~ mlds Hkhrj n`fVe.My gksrk gS rFkk ;s pkj e.My ;FkksRrj e ls vUr esa jgrs gSaA i{e ds ckn oReZ] oReZ ds ckn osr] osr ds ckn d` .k vkSj d`.k vkSj d`.k ds ckn n`fVe.My vkrk gS ijUrq mkjkskj dze esa n`fVe.My ds ckgj d`.ke.My] fQj osre.My] fQj oReZe.My vkSj i{ee.My vkrk gSA vkpk;Z lqJqr us us= dks rhu Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;k gS 1- e.My 2- lfU/k vkSj 3- iVyA

e.My dks
Layers or tunics dgk

Circles,

lfU/k dks

Junctions

rFkk iVyksa dks

tk ldrk gSA

e.Myksa dh la[;k 5 ekuh xbZ gS%& 1i{ee.My

(Eye lashes):-

ij&uhps dh iydksa ds cky feydj

e.Mykd`fr ?ksjk cuk nsrs gSaA 2oReZe.My (Eye lids):- ;g us=xksyd dks <kaius okys ij vkSj uhps ds us=PNnksa ds feyus ls ,d
Circle

lk cu tkrk gSA

iydksa ds Hkhrj ySfed dyk dk vkoj.k gS rFkk ckgj Ropk gS ,oa nksuksa dk tgka laxe gksrk gS mls iyd dk fdukjk dgrs gSaA bl fdukjs ij ,d osr js[k gksrh gS ml ij ckyksa dh ,d iafDr gS rFkk ckyksa ds ewy esa dbZ lw{e fi.M
glands) (Zeis

gksrs gSa ftuds L=ko ls cky cjkSuh rj o e`nq

jgrs gSa rFkk i{e dk iksk.k Hkh gksrk gSaA bl oReZ esa us=ksUehyuh rFkk us=fuehyuh nks ekalisfk;ka jgrh gSaA izR;sd iyd dh /kkjk ds Hkhrjh fljs ij ,d&,d vJqfNnz (Lacrymal puncta) gksrk gSA 3osre.My ;k us=ysekoj.k
(Conjuctiva):-

;g iyd dh /kkjk ls

izkjEHk gksrk gSa rFkk mlds Hkhrj gksrk gqvk iwjs us=xksyd ij ,d ySfed Ropk dk vkoj.k cukrk gS tks fd ,d FkSyh lk fn[krk gS vr% bls Hkh
Conjuctival sac

Hkh dg ldrs

gSaA ckgj ls ns[kus ij tks us= dk osr Hkkx fn[kykbZ nsrk gS og osr e.My
(Sclerotic coat) (Sclera)

dgk tkrk gS ;k bls us= ckiVy

Hkh dgrs gSaA blls us= xksyd dk 5@6 Hkkx

cuk gqvk gSA ;g iVy lkSf=d rUrqvksa ls fufeZr osr vkSj fpduk gksrk gS ,oa ;g vU; e.Myksa ls n`<+ gksrk gSA ;gh iVy xksyd ds vxzHkkx esa vkrk gS rks vR;Ur LoPN vkSj iryk gks tkrk gS ftlls blds }kjk izdkkfdj.ksa Hkhrj izosk dj ldsaA ;g Hkkx LoPN e.My ;k d`.k e.My
(Cornea)

dgykrk

gSA bl us= ckiVy ds fiNys Hkkx esa ,d fNnz gS ftlds }kjk nkZulwf=dk izosk djrh
(Optic nerve)

vkSj jDrokfgfu;ka us=xksyd esa fNnz ds vkl&ikl vU; Hkh

(Lamina

gSaA

bl

NksVs&NksVs vusd fNnz gSa ftUgsa pkyuh iVy

cribrose) dgrs

gSaA

4-

d`.ke.My ;k LoPNe.My%& ckgj ls ns[kus ij us= xksyd ds vxzHkkx esa tks dkyk lk ikjnkZd Hkkx fn[kkbZ nsrk gS mls d`.k e.My
(Corneal circle)

dgrs gSaA bldk vkM++k O;kl

(Vertical

(Transverse diameter) diameter) 10-6

11-6 fe-ehVj gS rFkk [kM+k O;kl

fe-ehVj gSA

;g ikpa Lrjksa ls curk gS%& 1vfxzeLrj (Anterior epithelial membrance)

2345-

ckmesu dk Lrj (Bowmens membrane) xHkZLrj (Stroma)

Descemets membrane

ifpeLrj (Posterior epithelial membrane) bl e.My ds ihNs esa tye;jldk iwoZ [k.M
chamber) jgrk (Anterior

gSA LoPNe.My vkSj ckiVy

(Sclero corneal junction)

(Cornea and sclera) ds

lxe ;k tksM+

ds LFkku ij ,d tyekxZ

(Canal of schlemm) curk

gSA
(Pupil)

5-

n`fVe.My%& n`fV kCn ls duhfudk

(Lens)

vkSj n`fVef.k

budk cks/k dj ldrs gSaA duhfudk dks ekuus ij

Circle of the pupil (Iris)

n`fVe.My dks
(Pupil)

dg ldrs gSaA ;g duhfudk

] rkjke.My

ls fuEu izdkj ls curh gSA d`.ke.My

(Anterior chamber) jgrk

(Cornea) ds

ihNs tye;jl[k.M
(Iris)

gS rFkk mlds

ihNs ;g rkjke.My

gksrk gSA blh ds chp ,d xksy fNnz

(Pupil)

gksrk gS mlh dks duhfudk

dgrs gSaA duhfudk esa

ladksp vkSj foLrkj dk xq.k gksrk gSA nwjh dh oLrq dks ns[krs le; ;g duhfudk foLr`r gks tkrh gS vkSj lehi esa ns[kus ij ladqfpr gksrh gSA Hk;] foLe; rFkk nq%[k esa Hkh ;g foLr`r gks tkrh gSA funzk ds le; ldqafpr jgrh gSA bldk O;kl 2-5 ls 6 fe0ehVj gksrk gSA xHkkZoLFkk esa

duhfudk ds Hkkx esa ySfed dyk

(Pupillary membrane)

dk

vkPNknu jgrk gS tks xHkZ ds vkBosa ekl rd uV gks tkrk gS tc fdlh cPps esa ;g uV ugha gksrk gS rc og cPpk tUe ls gh vU/kk gksrk gSA rkjke.My ds vkxs rFkk ihNs
posterior chamber Anterior chamber Lens

jgrk gS vkSj mlds ihNs

jgrk

gSA rkjke.My esa nks ekalisfk;ka gksrh gSaA izFke duhfudkladkspd

(Sphincter pupillac)

iskh gSa blds rUrq xksy

(Dilator papillae)

gksrs gSaA nwljh duhfudk izlkjd

iskh gS

rFkk blds rUrq fdj.kksa ds leku yEcs :i esa O;ofLFkr jgrs gSaA

5-

i{eoReZxr% lfU/koZReZkqDyxrksij%A kqDyd`.kxrLRoU;% d`.kn`fVxrksij%A rr% duhudxr% kBpik~x Le`r%AA

lfU/k;k 6 gksrh gS tSls%& 12345i{e rFkk oReZ dh lfU/k (Free margins of the lids) oReZ vkSj kqYd dh lfU/k (Fornix) kqDy vkSj d`.k Hkkx dh lfU/k
(Limbus)

d`.k vkSj n`fVHkkx dh lfU/k (Free margins of the iris) duhudxr lfU/k (Medical palpebral commicure)

6-

vikxr lfU/k (Outer canthus)

(Palpebral and

oReZkqDy lfU/k%& ftl LFkku ij iyd vkSj us=xksyd

bulbur conjunctiva)

ds ij e<+s ySekoj.k dk l~xe gksrk gS

mls oReZkqDyxr lfU/k ekuk x;k gSA bl LFkku ij pkj LFkkuksa esa fuEu iqV curs gS%& d [k x ?k /oZiqV] /oZoReZdks.k (Superior fornix) v/k%iqV] fuEuoReZdks.k (Inferior fornix) e/;iqV] e/;oReZdks.k (Medial fornix) ikoZiqV] ikoZoReZdks.k (Lateral fornix)
Sclera

kqDydq.kxrlfU/k%& osre.My ls d`.ke.My

(Cornea

dk xzg.k djds tgka ij

ds lkFk l~xe gksrk gSA ml LFkku dks

kqDyd`.kxr lfU/k (Corneo-Scleral Junction) dg ldrs gSA d`.kn`fVxr lfU/k%& ;g d`.ke.My vkSj n`fVe.My ds e/; dk l~xeLFky gSA lEHko gS bl lfU/k ls lU/kku e.My
(Ciliary body)

dk

o.kZu gksA ;g lU/kkue.My eq[;r% rhu Hkkxksa ls cuk gS%& 1 2 3 rUrqe;e.My ;k lU/kkuoyf;dk (Ciliary muscle) rUrqe;iqVlU/kkunfkZdk (Ciliary process) rUrqe;iskh ;k lU/kkuisfkdk (Orbicularis ciliaris) ds nUrqj/kkjke.My
(Ora serrata)

Ciliary body cornea sclera junction and lens

ds Hkkx ds lkFk ihNs dh vksj tqM+h gSA bls *rUrqe;iskh* dgrs

gSaA us=ckiVy dh vksj jgusokyh] likV rFkk fpduh gSA Hkhrj dh rjQ 70&80 yEcs iqVksa ls cuh gS vr% bls gSaA duhdxrlfU/k%& vkpk;Z MYg.k us duhudxr lfU/k dks
Ciliary processes dgrs

uklklehifLFkr lfU/kfoksk crykbZ gSA ;g Hkkx uklk ds lehi nksuksa oReksZa ds feyus ls curk gS bls us=kUr dks.k
canthus) dgrs (Inner

gSaA

vik~xlfU/k%&vkpk;Z MYg.k us bl lfU/k dh fLFkfr Hkzw HkkSa ds iqPN ds vUr Hkkx esa fLFkr ekuh gSA ;g nksuksa oReZ ds ckgj ds l~xe LFky dh |ksrd gSA bls us=cfg% dks.k
(outer canthus)

dgrs gSaA vUr%dks.k v.Mkdkj

gksrk gS rFkk blesa vJq lax`ghr gksrs gSa vkSj ;gka ls vJq fNnz }kjk ukfldk esa pys tkrs gSaA blh dks.k esa us=fi.M
(Canalicule lacrimatis) jgrk

gSA

6-

}s oreZiVys fo|kppRok;ZU;kfu pkf{k.khA tk;rs frfeja ;skq O;kf/k% ijenk:.k%AA rstkstykfJra cka rsoU;r~ fifkrkfJre~A esnLr`rh;a iVyekfJrURofLFk pkije~AA ipeka'klea n`VsLrskka ckgqY;fe;rsAA us= esa 6 iVy gksrs gSa ftuesa nks oReZiVy rFkk

pkj iVy vf{kxksyd esa gksrs gSaA bu pkj iVyksa esa ls izFke

ckiVy rst o tyds vkfJr gSaA nwljk iVy ekal ds vkfJr gSaA r`rh; iVy esn ds vkfJr rFkk pkSFkk vfLFk ds vkfJr gSaA bu pkjksa dh LFkwyrk eksVkbZ n`fV ds iape Hkkx ds cjkcj gSaA vk/kqfud n`fV ls oReZ Eye lid esa nks gh iz/kku iVy Tunics of eye ekus tkrs gSaA 12ck Ropk dk vkUrfjd 'ySfedkoj.k vk;qosZn us ksk pkj iVyksa dk o.kZu nks LFkkuksa ij nks n`fV;ksa ls fd;k gS & 1izFke jpuk izdj.k esa vkJe ;k Lo:I dh n`fV ls & 1 rstkstykfJr ck iVy 2 fifkr ekal vkfJr 3 esn% lekfJr 4 vLF;kfJr izFke iVy dks ge Cornea dg ldrs gSa D;ksafd og pednkj gS vkSj mlds ihNs Anterior Chamber esa ty Hkh jgrk gS vr^ mls rstkstykfJr dgk tk ldrk gSA e/;iVy (Choroid) o vUrkiVy
(Retina) dks nwljk iVy ugha dg ldrs D;ksafd os ekalkfJr ugha

gSaA dsoy ciliary body dks gh nwljk iVy dgk tk ldrk gS D;ksafd og ekal ls fufeZr gSA rhljk esn%lekfJr gksrk gS vr% bldks lens

ekuk tk ldrk gS D;ksafd bldk lEcU/k ihNs lkUnzty (viterous

humour) ls gksrk gS ftldh laKk esn ekuh tk ldrh gSA Viterous humour dks gh r`rh; iVy eku ldrs gSaA pkSFkk iVy vfLFk vkfJr

gksrk gSA bldks us=niZ.k ;k n`fVforku Retina ekuk tk ldrk gSA dqN ys[kdksa dk er gS fd lqJqr esa p{kq dks ckgj ls ns[kdj lkekU; o.kZu fd;k x;k gS rFkk vkUrfjd Hkkxksa ds fok; esa dYiuk ls dke fy;k gS vkSj ck:i ls us= dk o.kZu nks n`fV;ksa ls fd;k gS & 1 2 ckgj ls fn[kkbZ nsus okys e.My :i vo;o dks ns[kdjA iqu% us=xksyd dks ckgj ls vUnj rd dkYifud foHkkx

lkspdjA ,yksisFkh esa us=xr rhu iVyksa dk o.kZu feyrk gSA 123ckiVy e/;iVy vUr%iVy

izFke ckiVy esa lkSf=d iVy (fibrous tunic)] us= ck iVy (sclera) rFkk d`.ke.My
(Cornea)

iz/kku

gSA

f}rh;

e/;iVy

esa

jDrokfguhe;jftr iVy (Vascular pigment tunic),

rkjke.My (Iris),

us=e/;iVy (Choroid) rFkk lU/kkue.My (Ciliary body) eq[; gSA r`rh;

iVy esa us=kUrj ukM+hiVy (Nervous tunic) n`fVforku (Retina) iz/kku gSaA 7fljk.kka d.Mjk.kkap esnl% dkydL; pA xq.kk% dkykRij% ysek cU/kus{.kksa%

fljk;qr%A lq-mkjrU= 1@19 fljk ls ysdj dkydkfLFk i;ZUr vFkkZr~ fljkvksa] d.Mjkvksa] esn rFkk dkydkfLFk buds tks ;Fkkskj mRd`V xq.k gSa os nksuksa us=ksa us=xksydksa ds cU/ku esa lg;ksx nsrs gSa rFkk dkydkfLFk ds fudV fLFkr ysek Hkh fljkvksa ls ;qDr gksdj nksuksa us=xksydksa dks cka/kus esa lg;ksx nsrk gSA cgqopu iz;qDr fljk kCn ls /kefu;ksa rFkk okrlw=ksa
(Nerves) dk xzg.k gksrk gSA d.Mjk kCn ls Luk;q dk xzg.k gksrk

gSA fu%lUnsg fljk] d.Mjk] esn] ysek ls lHkh us=xksyd dks fLFkj j[kus rFkk mldk Lo:i fuekZ.k djus esa lg;ksx nsrs gSaA esn ls ;gka lkUnzty (Vitreous humour) vFkok dsoy esn gh ys ldrs gSaA blh rjg ysek ls lty nzo (aquous humour) rFkk (Vitrous humour) ;k dsoy (aquous humour) fy;k tk ldrk gSA dqN vkpk;ksZa us mDr yksd dk fuEu vFkkZUrj fd;k gS & fljk ls ysdj esni;Zur ds xq.k izlkn Hkk x us= ds d`.k

Hkkx dks cka/kus esa lg;ksx nsrs gSa Rkk d`.kHkkx ls ijs tks osr Hkkx gS mlds cU/ku esa fljkvksa ds lfgr ysek lg;ksx nsrk gSA blh vFkZ ds vuqdwy mDr yksd esa Hkh dqN ifjorZu djrs gSa & ^^fljk.kka d.Mjk.kkap esnl% d`.kcU/kusA xq.kk% dkykRij% ysek cU/kus{.kks % fljk;qr%AA** bl izdkj vk;qosZn dh n`fV ls us= kjhj esa 1us=cqn~cqn us=xksyd& eye ball 2- n`fV (pupil or lens) 3. e.My
(Circles)] tSls i{ee.My (eye lashes), oReZe.My (eye lids), osre.My (cornea or conjunctiva),

d`.ke.My (Iris) vkSj n`fVe.My (Pupil) 4oReZkqDylfU/k] kqDyd`.kxrlfU/k

lfU/k;ka&i{eoReZlfU/k]

Cornea scleral junction, d`.kn`fVxrlfU/k] duhudxrlfU/k (inner canthus)

vikM-xrlfU/k (outer canthus) iVy (tunics of the eye) rFkk 6- us= ds cU/kuksa dk o.kZu feyrk gSA vk/kqfud us= kjhj kkL= (Anatomy of the eye) ls fuEu us=kvksa dk LFkwy Kku gks tkuk bl ;qx ds fpfdRld ds fy, ijeko;d gSaA 1- n`fV ls lEcU/k j[kus okys vax% bl oxZ esa d`.ke.My] tye;jl] rkjke.My] rUrqlewg ;k lU/kkue.My] n`fVef.k ds cU/ku ,oa vkoj.k (Zonule of zinn and lens capsule), us=e/;iVy] n`fVforku]

lkUnznzo rFkk nkZuukM+h & bu vaxksa ds }kjk fofHkUu dk;Z gksdj ifj.kkeLo:i oLrq n`; gks tkrh gSA 2- us=xksyd vknzZ j[kus okys Hkkx% vJqtud fi.M] vkJqokgd ufydk,a izHk`fr jpuk,a gSaA buds {kjk us= dh nzo j[kus ds fy, ftruk nzo pkfg, mruk vJqL=ko mRiUu gksdj us= dh izd`rkoLFkk cuh jgrh gSA 3- us=xksyd ds lja{kd vo;oksa dh f;k% buesa us=x`g
(Orbit)] iyd oReZ] i{e cjkSuh] HksbZ cksfe;u vkSj

tkblfi.M vkfn jpuk,a gSaA ;s us= dh j{kk djrs jgrs gSaA 4- us=ksxksyd ds pkyd Hkkx% us=xksyd dks fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa pkyu djus okyh eq[; 6 isfk;ka gSa & 1- ckLFkk ljyk (external rectus) 2- vUr%LFkk ljyk (internal
rectus)

3- /oZLFkk ljyk (superior rectus) 4- v/k%LFkk ljyk

(inferior rectus) 5- /oZLFkk ok (inferior oblique) 6- v/k%LFkk

ok (inferior oblique) buds }kjk us=xksyd ukekuqlkj ljy ;k ofnkk esa ij ;k uhps dh vksj gqvk djrk gSA bu isfk;ksa ds pkyu iqu% efLr;dxr okrlw=ksa dh f;kvksa ls gksrh gSA NBs okrlw= }kjk ckljyk] prqFkZ okrlw= }kjk /oZok rFkk r`rh;k okrlw= }kjk ksk isfk;ka pkfyr gksrh gSA ckLFkk vkSj vUr%LFkk Hksn ls us=xr ekalisfk;ka nks izdkj dh

gksrh gSaA mi;qZDr 6 isfk;ksa dh x.kuk ckLFkk esa gksrh gSA fuEu rhu vUr%LFkk isfk;ka eq[; gSa%&
(i) (ii) (iii)

duhfudkladkspd (Sphincter pupillac muscle) duhfudkfoLQkjd (Dilator pupillac muscle) lU/kkuisfkdk (Ciliary muscle) us=xksyd dh vkd`fr rFkk dfBurk ds laj{kd vax%& us=xksyd ds vkdkjlaj{kd vo;o&us=ckiVy] kqDye.My] Vsuu dk vkoj.k] us=xksyd dh isfk;ka] lkUnz nzo (V.H.) lty nzo (Aqueous humour) rFkk n`fV ef.k (Lens) vkfn jpuk,a gSa la{ksi esa us= ds rhuksa iVy] ck] e/; rFkk vkUrj us= ds vkdkj dks izd`rkoLFkk esa cuk, j[krs gSaA us=xre/;iVy ;k dqcZjo`fk (Choroid) dk iz/kku dkeZ iksk.k dk gksrk gSA buls ikskd L=ko mRiUu gksrk gS rFkk us=xksyd esa vofLFkr tks mlds lehi ;k lalxZ esa gS mldk iksk.k djrk gSA bl iVy esa /keuh] fljk vkSj jax ds ijek.kq jgrs gSaA bu Hkkxksa esa eq[;rk n`fVforku (Retina)] n`fVef.k (Lens) vkSj lkUnznzo (V.H.) vkfn dk vUrHkkZo gksrk gSA iksk.k ds gsrq bl e/;iVy esa jDr dh iw.kZrk gksus og eksVk curk gS rFkk jDr dh U;wurk gksus ls iryk iM+ tkrk gSA ,sls volj ij

5-

;g us= ds Hkhrjh nzo ds ncko dks U;wuf/kd djus esa vfr ego dk Hkkx ysrk gSA