Romantic Period

Definition Romantic movement Influences on the Movement

 German philosophers Rousseau Hegel Schopenhauer Marx

Enlightenment

Cultural and intelectual movement Knowledge and education

Individual talent Freedom

But...

invisibility of women, children, non-European

Social changes
French Revolution new class new roles for men and women companionate marriage choice - crucial domesticity, chastity feminine work (became male activity)

Cultural Movement

magazines, newspapers, journals novel

England at that time

from agricultural to industrial

working class: men, women, children very low wages

rural area: enclosed (mainly for animal farming) hedges and walls mechanisation: both in the country and in the city pollution slums cities: individuals lost their identity

England at that time

money was changing hands: aristocracy > employers (industry and commerce)

marriage (mixed) love and marriage Two Nations Disraeli

Factory Work Pollution England at that time

Age of wars:

American Independence (1776) French Revolution the storming of the Bastille (1789) Napoleon Bonaparte

Age to look for balance

in Literature ...
Age of Reason or Augustan Age

reason social order control of feelings

mankind in the centre intellect reason and feelings were separated

Alexander Pope

everything against him did not revolt accepted the world and his condition in his poems - used mainly satire

Alexander Pope
A little learning is dangerous thing; Drink deep or taste not, the Pierian spring. There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain, But drinking largely sober us again.

[Pouco saber uma coisa perigosa;/Beba muito, ou nem prove, a primavera pieriana./L poucos goles intoxicam o crebro,/Mas beber bastante nos deixa sbrios de novo.]

Romanticism in England
Two ways of seeing and expericencing life Language

Romanticism in England

Lyrical Ballads (1798) William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge The principal object ... in these poems was to choose incidents and situations from common life, and to relate or describe them throughout, as far as it was possible, in a selection of language really used by men.

Romanticism in England
authorities

Romantic poets = dangerous people

older poets