Reverse circulation During drilling water flows from the reservoir into the top of the borehole via

this pipe Water goes in through the gap between the drill and soil wall while the slurry goes out through the center of drill. The diameter should ten be more than 400 mm minimum. The diameter can go on to 1.8 m. Clean water is used instead of mud. Advantages: Rapid at large diameters especially in unconsolidated materials Disadvantages: (i) Even larger volume of water is needed to make up for losses. The typical figure is 54m3/hr; depth of well is 120 300 m and the rate of operation is 12 m/hr depth typical (ii) The cost is very high