Exothermic and endothermic reactions Chemical reactions can absorb or release energy Energy is like matter in the fact

fact that it cannot be created or destroyed (law of conservation) Energy Units: The SI unit for energy is a Joule Differences between exothermic and endothermic reactions o Endo means to draw into Thus endothermic reactions draw heat o Exo means to give off Thus exothermic reactions give off heat Endothermic reactions o Energy is drawn from the external environment, causing the surrounding environment to lose heat o Creates a product that has a higher level than the original materials, causing the reactants stored energy to decrease Thus the reactants have less total enthalpy than the product o The resulting product of the reaction is less stable because the higher the enrgy bond, the less strength its molecules possess o Most endothermic reactions are non-spontaneous o An example is the hand warmers that you would shake to create heat Exothermic reactions o Exothermic reactions chemical reactions cause their surroundings to warm up by giving off heat o Their reactants contain more stored energy than the product because energy from external sources is not required, but given off. This gives the product more stability due to the lower amount of energy needed. Thus the reactants have a greater total enthalpy than the product Examples of endothermic and exothermic reactions o Endothermic reactions melting ice, draws in heat energy from the surroundings Ice becomes less stables as it responds to such heat The end product is water, which has a higher energy level than ice o Exothermic reaction lighting a match

Mixing concentrated acids with small volumes of water o Heat is released and can cause the water to boil o Heat can also be released when a substance dissolves o An Example is anhydrous copper sulphate mixed with water