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` KL| scs FkB UWO B O IRS~ ; N?^_N [ QRUK]O ^ B UKNVL j ITS^CUWOgSZb < ; Og^ B UKN l IT^_]IOgIRSZUI ; eSO B ~SYS <?[BE<?D SZJ ;< SU B O
NPO <; ^CbEIO [Bc<?l1;=< JML y> O S < U ; O ^feES > h FRl S l ^ >C>A; YTY <gB+p ^ D; O SO IRS^CUR^fOg^ ;=> N BE> QTOg^ B U0~Wh ; N?S+] B UKJv Bc< JTS <; ]V]VQT
<; O S jk; h >CBc< NgS < ^CSZNS p Y ; URN?^ B U ;=<?B QRURJ
O ITS]VSZUO <?B ^_J BE[ S ; ]IS > S D SVUWO ; N l#; N ;=> N B J B URS~h y O W^CUKN ; UKJ
vIWQ L
U BE< JtS < O B YS <g[BE<?D OgIR^_N rcX ] ;=> ]VQ >|; Og^ B U l ^fOgIO ITSGY < S+N?SVUWO cXD SVOgI B J ;>C> JtS < ^fe ; Og^feSZN^CUO IRS
iJT^ < S+]O ^ B U ;=< SO ; cSZUS+Q ;> O B VS <gB LKQ < OgIRS <?DBc< SNPh DD SVO < hvY >|; URS~ B QRURJ ;< h] B UKJT^fOg^ B URN ;< SQKN?S+J
[Bc< O ITSQRYTYS <; URJ >CBql S < ~ B QRURJ ;< h'^CU'O ITS JT^ < S+]{Og^ B UL%mU ;>C> O ITS B OgIRS < ~ B QTUKJ ;< ^CSZN Bc[ O ITS] BED YRQtO ;
O ^ B U ;=> J BED; ^CU]I ;=< ; ]{OgS < ^_N?Og^_]{~ ; N?SZJU B UT < SVRS+]O ^CUTbo~ B QRURJ ;< h] B UKJt^fO ^ B URN ;< SQKN?SZJL @B OgI~ B QRURJ ;< h
] B UKJT^fOg^ B URN ;=< SoJtS+Ng] < ^C~SZJG^CU7 uq L SO ; cS [BE< OgIRS rcX N Bc> QTOg^ B UGO ITS < SZN?Q > O^CUGO IRSY >|; URS< x L
j IRSN?^ D Q >|; O ^ B UKN9I ; eS~SZSZU] ;=<?< ^CSZJ B QTO B UGJT^CS < SVUWO9OgSVO <; ITS+J <;=>D S+N?IRSZNZL j ITSYTIWhtNg^_] ;=> J BcD; ^CU F
* F ^_NY ;=< Og^fO ^ B URS+J^CUWO B c d9^_JtSZUO ^_] ;> O S{O <; IRSZJ <gB UKN B ~tO ; ^CURS+J~WhJT^fet^_Jt^CURbY*^CUWO B S+Q ;>C> hN?^CVS+J]{QR~S+N F
l TI ^_]IY <gB ev^_JTSZNQKN l ^fOgI ; ~ ; ] vb <?B QTUKJ D SZNgI FT; UKJOgIRSZUJT^fev^_JT^CURb-S ; ] I]{QR~S^CUO Bs+r ^_JTSZUO ^_] ;=> O S{O <;
IRSZJ <gB UKNVLiUO ; ~ > S s=F NgYS+]{^CK] ; O ^ B UKN BE[ O ITSJt^CS < SZUO D SZNgITS+N ;=< S0bE^feSVU2L j IRS~ ; ] vb <?B QTUKJ D S+N?I
JT^ D SZUKN?^ B UKN ;< Sbc^feSVUG~h4c B F c H ; UKJ;c Ftl IR^ > S"*KJtSZU B O SZNO ITSUvQ D ~S <9BEI[ Y <gB ]{S+NgN BE< N9QRNgSZJ^CUO IRS
] BcD YRQtO ; O ^ B UL JTSVU B OgS+N ; ]I ;=<; ]{OgS < ^_NPOg^_] D S+N?ITN?^CZS FW; UKJ
^_NbE^feESZU~Wh L y>C> N?^ D Q >|; Og^ B URN%I ; eS
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1
(SYA) 24-7
00
000
0FE
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]VQ <g< SVUWOeS < N?^ B U BE[ OgIRS] B JTSN?I B+l S+NU B JT^CS < SVUK]{S+N l ^fO IOgIRS < S+N?Q > O N B ~tO ; ^CURS+J l ^fO IOgIR^_NY < SVev^ B QRN
eS < N?^ B U BE[ O ITS'] B JTScL
^CbTL| s 2Y < S+N?SVUWONaOgIRS < S+N?Q > O N B ~tO ; ^CURS+J [BE< KE F;=>CB UTbO IRS > ^CURS s+x[Bc< r=xtFc[BE< OgIRS9] ; N?S+Na ; UKJ
; N l S >C>; NO IRS ; U ;=> hWO ^_] ;=> N BE> QtO ^ B U2L j IRS >CB ] ; O ^ B U BE[ O ITSJT ^_NPO Q < ~ ; UK]{S ^_N ; ]V]VQ <; OgS > h < SZN BE> eSZJ^CU
~ B O I] ; NgSZNVL j ITS D; bcUR^CK] ; Og^ B U Bc[ OgIRS < SVbE^ B U cx sZxtF Y < SZNgSVUWOgS+JG^CU^CbTL| s L}~ F N?I B+l N1OgI ; O
O ITS < SZNgQ > O B ~TO ; ^CUTS+J [BE< ] ; NgS1N?I Bql N ; N > ^CbEIWOD > h0~SVO?O S < ] BED D Y ;=< ^_N B U l ^fOgI0O ITS ; U ;> hvOg^_] ;=> N Bc> QTOg^ B U F
O I ; UGO ITS < SZN?Q > O B ~TO ; ^CURSZJ [BE< ] ; NgS FK; N B URS D ^CbEIOI ; eESS p YSZ]{O SZJL
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i ; UKJ ; N l S >C>9; NOgIRS ; U ;=> hWO ^_] ;=> N Bc> QTOg^ B U2L j IRS < SZN?Q > ON B ~TO ; ^CURSZJ [Bc< ] ; N?SN?I B+l ; ~SVO?O S <
; b < SZS D SVUWO l ^fOgI0OgIRS ; U ;> hvOg^_] ;=> N BE> QTOg^ B UGO I ; UO I B N?S BE[ ] ; NgSi-L
Uk^CbEQ < S+N- s ; UKJ7 r O ITSob <; YTI BE[ O ITS ; U ;> hvOg^_] ;=> N BE> QtO ^ B U^_N B ~tO ; ^CUTS+J~h ; YRY <?Bqp ^ D; Og^CURbO IRS
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v^ D YKN B U N < Q > SEL j IRSUvQ D ~S <#BE[ Q ; J <; O Q < SY B ^CUON
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~Set^_N?^C~ > S'^CUGO IRSRbcQ < SZNVL
Bc< x` L| rcu ] ; U~S
SVe ;=> Q ; O SZJS pR; ]{O > h Fl ^fO I B QTO ; UWhUvQ D S < ^_] ;>%; YTY <gB+p ^ D; O ^ B U2L BE< O IRS
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O ITSUWQ D S < ^_] ;=>2; YRY <gB+p ^ D; O ^ B U BE[ K E x " r=x F ] BcD YTQTO SZJ B U I ;oD SZN?I l ^fO IG]D I ;<; ]{O S < ^_NPO ^_]N?^CZS F ~Wh K E L
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BE[ ] ; NgSg? F ; URJ ;=>CD
B NPO > ^CS B U ; D NPO <; ^CbcIWO > ^CURScL j ITS < S+N?Q > O B ~TO ; ^CURSZJ B UOgIRS
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O ; ESZU0^CUO B ] B UKN?^_JtS <; O ^ B U F N?^CUK]VSO IRS < S+N?Q > O^_N#U B O D S ; N?Q < S+JG^CU0OgIRSY >|; URS x Ln j ITS'N >CB YS Bc[ O IRS
> ^CURS-bE^feES+NQKNO ITS BE< JtS <Bc[ O IRS D S{O I B J^CUOgIRSoY B ^CUWO
<" x " rcx L j IRSN >CB YS-N?QRbcbES+NPO N >w BE< JTS <
; ]V]VQ < ; ]h^CUO IRSN?YSZ]V^CR]Y B ^CUO' <" # ! x " r=x L4U squ+ Q ; URJ y Ogv^CURNY < S+N?SZUO < S+N?Q > O N BE[A; JTS{O ; ^ > S+J
NPO QKJvh BE[ NgY ; Og^ ;=>C> hY <gB Y ; b ; Og^CURb l1; eES+N^CU ; AN?IRS D S ; YRY > ^CS+JO B;s+X NPhTNPO S D BE[a> ^CUTS JN; < IJ htYS < ~ BE> ^_]
S+Q ; Og^ B URNZL j ITSVh < SZY Bc< OO I ; OO ITSoYRI ; N?S-S <?<gBc< Bc[ OgIRSoYRIWhtN?^_] ;=>AD
B JtSJtS+] ; hTN > ^CcfS F Fl ITS < S K
u
(SYA) 24-8
0.15
0.15
analytic
V
VI
0.1
0.05
analytic
V
VI
0.1
0.05
-0.05
-0.05
-0.1
-0.1
-0.15
-50
-25
25
-0.15
-30
50
-25
^CbcQ < S s
-20
~
-15
rcx
cx
0.1
sZx w6|
sZx
rcx
0.1
analytic
IV
VI
analytic
IV
VI
0.05
0.05
p 0
p 0
-0.05
-0.05
-0.1
-75
-10
-50
-25
25
50
-0.1
-50
75
-45
-40
~
-35
-30
^CbcQ < S r
r=x w6|v x
x
=
w
x
cx
D
D
^_NO ITSJTSVb < SVS Bc[ O IRS
Y Bc> htU BcD ^ ;> N l IR^_]I ;=< SQKN?SZJ ; N~ ; N?^_N [ QRUK]O ^ B UKNVL j IRS{h ;> N B0< SVY Bc< OOgI ; OO IRS
b >CB ~ ;=> S <g<gBc<9D S ; N?Q < S
[Bc< O IRSJtSZRUT^fO ^ B UGN?SZS s+uq < S+JtQK]VSZN ; O Bc< JTS <#r K9 s L SQRN?S~ ; N?^_N [ QRUK]O ^ B UKN
BE[ JTSVb < SZSeK sl IT^_]I lB Q > J < S+N?Q > O
^CU ; JTSZ] ; h Bc[ OgIRSYRI ; N?SS <?<gBE<-> ^CES ; UKJ ; JTSZ] ; h Bc[ O IRS
b >CB ~ ;=> S <?<gBc<1D S ; N?Q < S > ^CES ? FK; N N?Q D ^CURbOgI ; O9O ITS < S+N?Q > O N B ~TO ; ^CUTS+J~WhQ ; UKJ y Ogv^CURN9^CU s+Xl9JFB Q > J
; YTY > hO BcX Lv Bql S{eS <ZF O IT^_N9NPOg^ >C> J B S+N%U B OS p Y >|; ^CU l Ih l S B ~RNgS < eES ; JTSZ] ; h BE[ OgIRSS <g<gBc<> ^CcS F ? L
:> S ;=<g> h FK[ Q < OgIRS <1< SZNgS ;=< ]I B UGOgIR^_N1O B YR ^_]^_N#URSZ]VSZN N ;< hL
y NgN?Q D ^CUTbO I ; O B Q <D S{O I B J7^_N w BE< JTS <; ]V]VQ <; OgS^CU <" Y x " rcx Fl S0] ; U ; YRY > h#^_] I ;< Jt
N B US p O <; Y BE>|; O ^ B U s oO BB ~TO ; ^CU ; Y < SZJT^_]O ^ B U Bc[ O IRSGS pT; ]{ON Bc> QTO ^ B U2L `D Y >CB ht^CUTb#^_] I ;=< JRN B U
z>Tqw6YtXnAz"| z>
|7m&YtFsAw_mAn"Nxrnz yx w>tU|vm" Kz>\sAw7nAm w>|
r z"
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vxKtFs_wnAzryxKt{z"| KE <" *ck wZ|tUus_wxKt{z"| z>xKom_mZt{z"|
(SYA) 24-9
10
-2
-0.016
II
III
slope = 5
a+b.h
-0.0162
10-3
III
-0.0164
analytic
p
slope = 4
IV
VI
-0.0166
10
IV
-4
-0.0168
VI
10
-5
50
1/ h
100
150
-0.017
200
0.005
~
0.01
0.015
! x " rcx
q~m&9x&7"ZwxKt{z>|tU| <"
Ts
d N?^CURb'O ITSUWQ D S < ^_] ;=>< SZN?Q > ON Bc[ ] ; NgSZN ; UKJ l S] ; U B ~TO ; ^CUO ITS] B SV]V^CSVUWO N ) ; UKJ !+L :B SZ]V^CSVUWO
)bc^feS+N9OgIRS 3 Y J < 3 S+Jt^_]{O ^ B U Bc[ O IRSS pR; ]{ON BE> QtO ^ B U=KHE x " rcx Ftl S B ~tO ; ^CU%)Y x < xts+Ets+ E r L j ITS < S >|; Og^feS
S <?<gBE< > @ 3 @ J 3 K K ^_N ; YTY <?Bqp ^ D; OgS > h x L xw
Lk^CbRL| L}~N?I Bql NO IRSY BE> htD U BED ^ ;=>%Bc[9` L| ts O B bcSVOgIRS <
l ^fOgI0O ITSUvQ D S < ^_] ;>2< S+N?Q > ON BE[ O IRSJT^CS < SVUWO] ; N?S+NVL
(yy
&
y YS <?[Bc<gD; UK]{SO S+NPOI ; N
~SZSVU] ;<g< ^CS+J B QTO [BE< ] ; N?SGg ; UKJ B U MRA Fl IT^_]I^_N ;s+xEr c
Y >|; O [Bc<gD sZx 1] I BJ URN?^_N?Og^CURb BE[ O l9Bwvsqr P
Tm < ^CbE^CU xEx N?htNPO S D NVL9OI ; N ; YS ; GYS <?[BE<?D; UK]V S
BE[1s'j >CB YRN- sZx B; O ^CUTbY B ^CUO B YS < ; Og^ B UKN#YS < N?SZ] B URJ F ^fO^_NtOgOgS+J l ^fOgI wcxExc\ IR- s xExEx N
BE< b ; UT^CZSZJ^CU rEw= =P U B JTS+N ; UKJY B NgN?S+NgN?S+N s1j@ hvO S BE[ O B O ;=>tD S DBc< hEL j IRS#N?YSVS+JtQRY^_N D S ; N?Q < S+J
^CU-O S <gD N Bc[ OgIRS < ; Og^ BBc[ OgIRSQKN?S < O ^ D S+N F=l ITS < SOgIRSO l9B Y <?B ]{S+NgN BE< f B ~-NgS < eES+N ; N < S [ S < SZUR]VScLk <?BED
^CbTL|TL ; ^fOo] ; U~SN?SZSVUO I ; OURS ;< > ^CURS ;< NgYSZSZJtQTY^_N B ~tO ; ^CURS+J [BE< ] ; N?SL
> ^CbEIO > hN?QTYS <?> ^CURS ;=<
N?YSZSZJtQRY^_N B ~tO ; ^CUTS+J B U7Y <gB ]VS+NgN BE< N [BE< ~ B OgI7] ; N?S? ; UKJi Fal IR^_] I7^_N-Y <gB ~ ; ~ > h] ; QKN?SZJ~Wh ;
DBc< S
SZ]V^CSVUWO] ; ] IRSYS <?[BE<?D; UK]VScLok^CbRL|TL ; N?I Bql N [ Q < O ITS <?DBE< SOgI ; O~WhJT^fev^_JT^CURbOgIRS
J BED; ^CU BE[
] ; NgS? B eS <DBE< SOgI ; UY <gB ]VS+NgN BE< N F O IRSUvQ D ~S <Bc[ S > S D SZUWO N ; N N?^CbcURS+JO B S ; ]IY <gB ]VSZN N Bc< ~S+] BED S+N
O BWB N D;>C>k; URJ0OgIRSo] BED
D QRUT^_] ; O ^ B U B eS < IRS ; J0~S+] BED SZN ; YRY ;=< SVUWOZL1 <gBcD k^CbRL|RL}~ l S B ~KN?S < eSOgI ; O
[Bc< ] ; N?S l S'I ; eES ; URS ;=< > ^CURS ;=< N?YSZSZJtQRY F QTYGO B
Y <gB ]VSZN N Bc< NVLmU s+r -Y <gB ]VSZN N Bc< N9O ITS < S >|; Og^feS
N?YSZSZJtQRY < S >|; O ^feESO B *K4 r I ; N#J <?B YTYS+JO BEx
L
mU s+r Y <?B ]VSZNgN Bc< N ; YTY <?Bqp ^ D; OgS > h < s+x B; O ^CUTbY B ^CUO B YS <; O ^ B URN l S < SYS <?[BE<?D SZJYS < N?S+] B UKJ
B YKNL BE< O ITSYS <g[BE<gD; UR]VSO SZN?O [Bc< ] ; N?S F O IRS] BED YTQTO ; O ^ B U7^CUWe Bc> eSZJ sZxExcx Og^ D SNPO SVYKNVL
j ITS] BcD YRQtO ; O ^ B UO BvB > SZN NO I ; U D ^CUvQtO S+N B U s+r Y <?B ]VSZNgN Bc< NS >|; YRNgSZJO ^ D SqL MTMaI ; N ;
YS ; WYS <g[Bc<gD; UK]{S Bc[s B YKNYS < Y <?B ]VSZNgN Bc<ZF[BE< ] ; N?SOgIRS
] B JTS l#; N B ~KN?S < eSZJO BGB YS < ; OgS FB U
; eES <; bES F#; O sZx
BE[ OgIR^_NYS ; l IRSVUQRYO B Y <gB ]VSZN N Bc< N l S < SQKN?SZJL d N?^CURb^CUK] < S ; Ng^CUTb > h DBc< S
Y <?B ]VSZNgN Bc< N D
BE< SO I ; U0 < S+N?Q > O S+J^CU ; b <; JTQ ;> J <gB YG^CUYS <g[BE<gD; UR]VSO B; YTY <gB+p ^ D; O S > h
BE[ O IRS
YS ; WYS <g[Bc<gD; UK]{S FTl ITSZU sqr Y <gB ]VSZN N Bc< N l S < S'QRNgSZJ Ftl IR^_] I^_N1OgI B QTbEIOO B ~S'JTQTSO B O IRS^CUR] < S ; N?S+J
K E )9F!H8.<
(SYA) 24-10
32
128
(87 %)
Linear
case IV
case II
28
24
96
20
(91 %)
16
Speed-up
Speed-up
Linear
case IV
112
58 %
12
80
(60 %)
64
48
(83 %)
76 %
100 %
32
117 %
(98 %)
(87 %)
16
(101 %)
(91 %)
12
16
20
24
28
32
Number of processors
16
32
48
64
~
80
96
112
128
Number of processors
sZx
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D ^C ; O ^ B U BE[ O ITS ;=> b BE< ^fO I D; UKJS p O SZURN?^ B U Bc[ O IRS ;=> b BE< ^fOgI D O B+l#;< JRN1IR^CbEITS < BE< JTS <; ]Z]{Q <; ]{hEL
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YRQtO ^CURb
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q@ L :B ] v~TQ < U F@ L B Q ; UKJ : L ,L
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DC 0 K[ Z4
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'L %L y Ogv^CUKN ; URJ : L ,LB
WIvQ gF f Kh gc% O a0EAC 0 Kc% i!
634K% 4.87=_ 9Y
0V4
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w+ 'L %L y Ogv^CUKN ; UKJ X LHAL B ] ;=< J 3F 2 ?3jN
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q 'L %L y Ogv^CUKN ; URJ : L ,LB
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Reference # of Paper: 24
Discussers Name:
Dr. Bastiaan Oskam
Authors Name:
Mr. Carl P. A. Blom
Question:
How great is the computational complexity of the DG method in comparison with the
DRP scheme on the same finite element mesh? Is it larger than a factor of four?
Answer:
That will depend on the actual wave propagation properties of one method in relation
to the other. I cant give a number at this stage because we dont have analytic values for the
dispersion and dissipation errors in three dimensions. (I also dont know if these numbers are
available for the DRP scheme in three dimensions.) However, on structured meshes the DRP
scheme would be expected to be more efficient.
Discussers Name:
Prof. Ir. Joop Slooff
Authors Name:
Mr. Carl P. A. Blom
Question:
Apparently you do not know precisely, on an analytical basis, what the order of
accuracy is of your scheme. You had to do a numerical mesh convergence experiment to find
out. Then, how do you intend to improve the order of accuracy of your method?
Answer:
We did a one dimensional wave propagation analysis that does give us that kind of
information. The one dimensional analysis is on a structured mesh. We do not know if we can
apply the results obtained in one dimension to three dimensional problems. We also dont
know if, and how, it applies to unstructured meshes. Dr Hu [Hu, F. Q., Hussaini, M. Y., and
Raestarinera, P., An analysis of the discontinuous Galerkin method for wave propagation
problems, Journal of Computational Physics, 141, 1998, pp. 921-946] has presented results of
his one-dimensional analysis of wave propagation and showed very promising results. We also
did this grid study to enable us to compare with analytical results that might be obtained at a
later stage.