Economic Load Dispatch Minimize: F(Pgi) = Subject to: aiPgi2 + biPgi + ci)

1. gi = PD + PL 2. Pgimin Pgi Pgimax

Where

(i=1,2,3,.......NG)

ai, bi and ci are cost coefficients PD = Load demand Pgi = Real power generation of ith generator NG = number of generator buses PL = Transmission power loss and PL = B00 +
giBi0

giBijPgj

where B00, Bio and Bij are loss coefficients The above constrained optimization problem is converted into an unconstrained optimization problem. Lagrange multiplier is used in which a function is minimized with side condition in the form of equality constraints. Using Lagrange multiplier, an augmented function is defined as L(Pgi, ) = F(Pgi) + (PD + PL -
gi)

Necessary conditions for the optimization problem are = =( Bi0 + +( )

gjBij gi)

)=0 (1)

= (PD + PL -

=0

(2)

= incremental operating cost of the ith generator

= incremental transmission losses Taylor series expansion to second order of equation (1) and (2) are

The above equations can be written in the matrix form as

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The derivatives can be obtained as follows = +

( ) = (2aiPgi + bi) + (Bi0 +
gjBij

1)

{i = 1,2,.......NG ; j = 1,2,.......NG ; j i}

And can be calculated as,

Problem: To determine economic load schedule to meet the demand of 150MW. Given- PD = 150MW Fuel inputs of two plants are given as F1 = 0.00889 F2 = 0.00741 + 10.333P1 + 200 + 10.833P2 + 240

The transmission losses are given by PL = 0.001 + 0.002 2*0.0002P1P2

Since for 2 units, PL = B11 Therefore, B11 = 0.001 B22 = 0.002 + B22 + 2B12P1P2

B12 = B21 =

0.0002

Also initial value of is =

= 11.81812 /MWh

Since, therefore, P1 = and P2 =

[ By Gauss elimination [ Using back substitution

;

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