LOGO

Properties of Pure Substances

5.1 (Pure Substance)

 Homogeneous


H2O, Air ( at high temperature)

5.2
(Phase Change Processes of Pure Substances)
2

mixture (liquid+ vapor)

H2O (liquid)

(Simple
(SimpleCompressible
CompressibleSubstances)
Substances)

, ,

(()
)
2


(Phase Change Processes of Pure Substances) ()
5.1
1 atm

1 atm

1 atm

1 atm

1 atm

(Saturated

(Superheated

(Compressed/
Subcooled Liquid)

(Saturated Liquid)

(Saturated
mixture)

Vapor)

Vapor)

eg., Water at

eg., Water at
T= 100 C
P= 1 atm

eg., Water at
T= 100 C
P= 1 atm

eg., Water at
T= 200 C
P= 1 atm

T= 20 C
P= 1 atm

eg., Water at
T= 100 C
P= 1 atm

5.1 1 atm
3

 (Phase Change Diagram of Pure Water)

TT22, ,TT33, ,TT4=Saturated

Temperature
4=Saturated Temperature
PP22, ,PP33, ,PP4=Saturated
Pressure
4=Saturated Pressure

P=
1

atm

T(C)
5

200C

100C
20C

1
(Compressed/
Subcooled Liquid)
2
(Saturated Liquid)
3
(Saturated Mixture)
4
(Saturated Vapor)
5
(Superheated Vapor)

v(m3/kg)
5.2 1 atm
T-v diagram

 5.3 T-v

(Saturated liquid)
(Saturated Liquid Line)
(Saturated vapor)
(Saturated Vapor Line)
(Critical Point)
5

5.3
(Phase Change Diagram of Pure Substance)
5.3.1
5.3.1T-v
T-vDiagram
Diagramofof Pure
PureSubstance
Substance

-
-

5.4 -
6

5.3.2
5.3.2P-v
P-vDiagram
Diagramofof Pure
PureSubstance
Substance

-
-

5.5 -

5.6 -

5.3.3
5.3.3P-T
P-TDiagram
Diagramofof Pure
PureSubstance
Substance

--

5.4 3 --
(The P v T surface)
T=f (P,v)
P=f (T,v)
V=f (P,T)
3 (x,y,z)

x : (v)
y : (T)
z : (P)

5.7 The P v T surface

5.5

2

(P), (T)
(P), (v)
(v), (T)

(v)
(T)
(P)

(P), (T)
, ,
3 (T), (P)


.
(P) (x)
(P) (v)

5.6 (Property Tables)

Enthalpy, H () Entropy, S ()
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Entropy 7
Thermo.
H
H==UU++PV(kJ)
PV(kJ)
H/m
H/m==hh==uu++Pv(kJ/kg)
Pv(kJ/kg)

(5.6.1)

10

5.6.1)

Subscript f
Subscript g
Subscript fg

vvf f, ,uuf f, ,hhf f

vvgg, ,uugg, ,hhgg
vvfgfg, ,uufgfg, ,hhfgfg

5.8 ()

200
200gg

11

100
100kPa
kPa

5.6.2)
(Quality Dryness Fraction ); x
x=

m va p o r

(5.6.2)

m to ta l

m to ta l = m liq u id + m va p o r = m f + m g

0 x 1

(5.6.3)

x= 0 ;Saturated Liquid
x= 1 ;Saturated Vapor

x
y = v, u, h

y = y f + x. y fg
x= 0 ;Saturated Liquid ; y = yf

v = v f + x.v fg

x= 1 ;Saturated Vapor ; y = yg

u = u f + x.u fg

0 x 1 ; Saturated Mixture ; yf y yg

h = h f + x.h fg

(5.6.4)

12

 5.9 P-v T-v (v)

vf vg
13

5.6.3 )

1. T P
1.1) P < Psat @T

1.2) T > Tsat @P

2. T P

v >vg, sat @T, P

2.2) u > ug, sat @T,P
2.3) h > hg, sat @T
2.1)

5.10
()

(Superheated
(SuperheatedTable)
Table)

A-6
A-6
14

0.5
0.5MPa
MPa
hh==2890
2890kJ/kg
kJ/kg

15

5.6.4)

1. T P
1.1) P > Psat @T
1.2) T < Tsat @P

2. T P
2.1) v <vf, sat @T, P
2.2) u < uf, sat @T,P
2.3) h < hf, sat @T

(Compressed
(Compressed
Liquid
Liquid Table)
Table)

A-7
A-7

((yy yyf@T
)
f@T)

16

55MPa
MPa

80
80CC

17